Jadual 1.2: Fasa Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing (Hanson, 2006)
1.10 Definisi Istilah
1.10.6 Pelajar Menengah Rendah
Pelajar yang digolongkan sebagai pelajar menengah rendah adalah merupakan pelajar-pelajar tingkatan satu, dua dan tiga dalam sistem pendidikan di Malaysia. Dalam kajian ini, pelajar menengah rendah adalah merujuk kepada pelajar tingkatan dua yang mengikuti pengajian di Sekolah Berasrama Penuh (SBP). Pelajar-pelajar ini juga memperolehi keputusan yang cemerlang dalam Ujian Penilaian Sekolah Rendah (UPSR) dengan memperolehi A bagi mata pelajaran matematik.
277
RUJUKAN
Abd-El-Khalick, F, Boujaoude, S, Duschl, R, Lederman, N G, Mamlok-Naaman, R, Hofstein, A. (2004). Inquiry in Science Education: International Perspectives. Science Education, 88(3), 397-419.
Abdul Halim Abdullah dan Mohini Mohamed. (2007). Penggunaan Kemahiran Berfikir di Kalangan Pelajar dalam Persekitaran Perisian Geometri Interaktif. 1st International Malaysian Educational Technology Convention, 2.
Abdul Halim Abdullah, Nur Liyana Zainal Abidin dan Marlina Ali. (2005). Analysis of Students‘ Errors in Solving Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Problems for the Topic of Fraction. Asian Social Science. 11(21), 134-142. Abu-Elwan, R. (1999). The Development of Mathematical Problem Posing Skills For
Prospective Middle School Teachers. In Proceedings of the International conference on Mathematical Education into the 21st Century: Social Challenges, Issues and Approaches, 2, 1-8.
Abu-Elwan, R. (2006). The Development of Mathematical Problem Posing Skills for Prospective Middle School Teachers. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultan of Oman.
Akay, H. dan Boz, N. (2009). Prospective Teachers‘ Views About Problem-Posing Activities. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1(1), 1192-1198.
Akay, H. dan Boz, N. (2010). The Effect of Problem Posing Oriented Analyses-II Course on the Attitudes toward Mathematics and Mathematics Self-Efficacy of Elementary Prospective Mathematics Teachers. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 35(1), 59-75.
Aksela, M. (2005). Supporting Meaningful Chemistry Learning and Higher-Order Thinking through Computer-Assisted Inquiry: A Design Research Approach: Maija Aksela.
Amer, A. (2006). Reflections of Bloom's Revised Taxonomy. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology. 4(1), 213-230.
Anderson, L. W. dan Krathwohl, D. R. (2001). A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: Allyn & Bacon.
Arikan, E. E. dan Unal, H. (2014). Development of the Structured Problem Posing Skills And Using Metaphoric Perceptions. European Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2(3), 155-166.
Arikan, E. E. dan Unal, H. (2015). An Investigation of Eighth Grade Students‘ Problem Posing Skills (Turkey Sample). International Journal of Research in Education and Science (IJRES), 1(1), 23-30.
Arikan, E. E., Unal, H. dan Ozdemir, A. S. (2012). Comperative Analysis of Problem Posing Ability Between the Anatolian High School Students and the Public High School Students Located in Bagcilar District of Istanbul. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 926-930
Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., Sorensen, C. K., dan Walker, D. (2013). Introduction to Research in Education. Cengage Learning.
Azevedo, R. dan Hadwin, A. F. (2005). Scaffolding Self-Regulated Learning and Metacognition–Implications for the Design of Computer-Based Scaffolds. Instructional Science, 33(5), 367-379.
Azhari Mariani dan Zaleha Ismail. Pengaruh Kompetensi Guru Matematik ke Atas Amalan Pengajaran Kreatif. 2nd International Seminar on Quality and Affoedable Education (ISQAE 2013). 181-187.
Bahagian Perancangan dan Pembangunan Kurikulum Singapura. (2012). O & N(A)-Level Mathematics Teaching and Learning Syllabus.
Bakry, Md Nor, B. dan Firdaus. (2013). Kemahiran Berpikir Aras Tinggi di Kalangan Guru Matematik Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Kota Makassar. In 2nd International Seminar on Quality and Affordable Education (ISQAE 2013), 172-175.
Balka, D. S. (1974). The Development of an Instrument to Measure Creative Ability in Mathematics. Tesis Ph. D. Universiti of New Hampshire.
Banchi, H. dan Bell, R. (2008). The Many Levels of Inquiry. Science and Children, 46(2), 26-29.
279 Barlow, A. T. dan Cates, J. M. (2006). The Impact of Problem Posing on Elementary
Teacher‘s Beliefs About Mathematics and Mathematics Teaching. School Science and Mathematics, 106(2): 64-73.
Beal, C. R. dan Cohen, P R. (2012). Teach Ourselves: Technology to Support Problem Posing in the STEM Classroom. Creative Education, 3(04), 513. Berg, C. V., & Grevholm, B. (2012). Use of an Inquiry-Based Model in Pre-Service
Teacher Education: Investigating the Gap Between Theory and Practice in Mathematics Education.International Congres of Mathematical Education. Bermundo, C. B. dan Bermundo, A. B. (2006). Micro Analysis Workbook: Test
Checker and Item Analyzer with Statistics. Manila: Naga City.
Bhowmik, M., Banerjee, B. dan Banerjee, J. (2013). Role of Pedagogy in Effective Teaching. Basic Research Journal of Education Research and Review, 2(1), 1-5.
Bloom,B. S. (1956). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals, Handbook I: Cognitive Domain. New York: David McKay.
Bloom, B S. (1976). Human Caracteristics and School Learning: McGraw-Hill. Blum, W, dan Niss, M. (1991). Applied Mathematical Problem Solving, Modelling,
Applications, and Links to Other Subjects—State, Trends and Issues in Mathematics Instruction. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 22(1), 37-68. Bonotto, C. (2003). Investigating the Mathematics Incorporated in the Real World as
a Starting Point for Mathematics Classroom Activities. International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, 2, 129-136.
Bonotto, C. (2010). Realistic Mathematical Modeling and Problem Posing. Modeling Students' Mathematical Modeling Competencies, Springer, 399-408.
Bonotto, C. (2011). Engaging Students in Mathematical Modelling and Problem Posing Activities. Journal of Mathematical Modelling and Application, 1(3), 18-32.
Bonotto, C. (2013). Artifacts as Sources For Problem-Posing Activities. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 83(1), 37-55.
Braun, V. dan Clarke, V. (2006). Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
Breen, S. dan O' Shea, A. (2010). Mathematical Thinking and Task Design. Irish Mathematical Society Bulletin, (66), 39-49.
Brookhart, S. M. (2010). How to Assess Higher-Order Thinking Skills in Your Classroom. Alexandria, USA: ASCD.
Brophy, J. (1992). Probing The Subtleties of Subject-Matter Teaching. Educational Leadership, 49(7), 4-8.
Brown, S. I. dan Walter, M. I. (1983). The Art of Problem Posing. Philadelphia: Franklin Press.
Brown, S. I. dan Walter, M. I. (2005). The Art of Problem Posing. New Jersey. Psychology Press.
Brown, S. I. dan Walter, M. I. (2014). Problem Posing: Reflections and Applications. New Jersey, London. Psychology Press.
Bunterm, T., Lee, K., Ng Lan K. J., Srikoon, S., Vangpoomyai, P. dan Rattanavongsa, J. (2014). Do Different Levels of Inquiry Lead to Different Learning Outcomes? A Comparison Between Guided and Structured Inquiry. International Journal of Science Education, 36(12), 1937-1959.
Burke, W. H. dan Willam, J. (2014). How Brains Think: Evolving Intelligence, Then And Now. Basic Books.
Burns, S. (2000). Great lies we live by: Navybridge Pty. Limited.
Cai, J. (1998). An Investigation of US And Chinese Students‘ Mathematical Problem Posing and Problem Solving. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 10(1), 37-50.
Cai, J. (2003). Singaporean Students' Mathematical Thinking in Problem Solving and Problem Posing: An Exploratory Study. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 34(5), 719-737.
Cai, J. dan Brook, M. (2006). Looking Back in Problem Solving. Mathematics Teaching Incorporating Micromath, 196, 42-45.
Cai, J. dan Hwang, S. (2002). Generalized and Generative Thinking in US and Chinese Students‘ Mathematical Problem Solving And Problem Posing. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 21(4), 401-421.
Cai, J, dan Hwang, S. (2003). A Perspective for Examining the Link between Problem Posing and Problem Solving. International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, 3, 103-110.
Cai, J., Moyer, J. C., Wang, N., Hwang, S., Nie, B., dan Garber, T. (2013). Mathematical Problem Posing As A Measure of Curricular Effect on Students' Learning. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 83(1), 57-69.
281 Campbell, D. T. dan Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research on Teaching: American Educational Research Association.
Carin, A.A. dan Sund, R.B. (1971). Developing Question Techniques: A Self-Concept Approach. Columbus, OH: Charles E. Merrill.
Carter, C. (2005). Vygotsky and Assessment for Learning (AfL). Mathematics Teaching. 192. ms pa.it/~grim/21-project/carbone101-105pdf.9-11 [20 Ogos 2016].
Chan, S. W. dan Zaleha Ismail (2012). The Role of Information technology in Developing Students‘ Statistical Reasoning. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 3660-3664.
Chiang. (2010). Pengutaraan Masalah Matematik dalam Persekitaran Pembelajaran Inkuiri. Laporan Projek Sarjana. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai. Chin, C. dan Kayalvizhi, G. (2002). Posing Problems for Open Investigations: What
Questions Do Pupils Ask? Research in Science & Technological Education, 20(2), 269-287.
Chiou, C. C., Wang, Y. M., dan Lee, L. T. (2014). Reducing Statistics Anxiety and Enhancing Statistics Learning Achievement: Effectiveness of A One-Minute Strategy. Psychological Reports, 115(1), 297-310.
Christensen, L. B. (2004). Experimental Methodology: Allyn and Bacon Boston. Christou, C., Mousoulides, N., Pittalis, M., Pitta-Pantazi, D. dan Sriraman, B. (2005).
An Empirical Taxonomy of Problem Posing Processes. ZDM, 37(3), 149-158. Chua, Y. P. (2012). Mastering Research Methods. Mcgraw-Hill Education.
Cohen, J. (1960). A Coefficient of Agreement for Nominal Scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 20, 37-46.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd Edition ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Cohen, L., Manion, L. dan Morrisson, K. (2000). Research Method in Education (5th ed). Madison Avenue, NY: Routledge.
Cohen, L., Manion, L. dan Morrisson, K. (2011). Research Method in Education (7th ed). Madison Avenue, NY: Routledge.
Collins, R. (2014). Skills for the 21st Century: Teaching Higher-Order Thinking. Curriculum & Leadership Journal, 12.
Cook, T.D. dan Campbell, D.T. (1979). Quasi-Experimentation: Design and Analysis for Field Settings: Rand McNally.
Cookson Jr, P.W. (2009). What Would Socrates Say. Educational Leadership, 67(1), 8-14.
Crespo, S. dan Sinclair, N. (2008). What Makes a Problem Mathematically Interesting? Inviting Prospective Teachers to Pose Better Problems. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 11(5), 395-415.
Creswell, J. W. (2007). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research. New Jersey: Upper Saddle River.
Creswell, J. W. (2008). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches: Publisher: Sage Public.
Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. USA: Sage.
Cruz, R. M. (2006). A Mathematical Formulating Strategy. International Journal for Mathematics Teaching and Learning, ISSM1473-0111, December.
Da Ponte, J. P., dan Henriques, A. (2013). Problem Posing Based On Investigation Activities by University Students. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 83(1), 145-156.
Denzin, N. K. dan Lincoln, Y. S. (2005). Introduction: The Discipline and Practice of Qualitative Research in: N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds). Handbook of Qualitative Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
De Wever, B., Van Keer, H., Schellens, T., dan Valcke, M. (2007). Applying Multilevel Modelling to Content Analysis Data: Methodological Issues in The Study of Role Assignment in Asynchronous Discussion Groups. Learning and Instruction, 17(4), 436-447.
Dickerson, V. M. (1999). The Impact of Problem-Posing Instruction on The Mathematical Problem-Solving Achievement of Seventh Graders. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. University of Emory, Atlanta.
Dickman, B. M. (2014). Conceptions of Creativity in Elementary School Mathematical Problem Posing. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Columbia University. Donovan, M. S. dan Bransford, J. D. (2005). Pulling Threads. How Students Learn:
Mathematics in the Classroom, 569-590.
283 Durm, M. W. (1993). An A is not an A is not an A: A history of grading. In The
Educational Forum (Vol. 57, pp. 294–297). Taylor dan Francis.
Edwin, V. T dan Hundley, V. (2002). The Importance of Pilot Studies. Nursing Standard, 16(40), 33-36.
Effandi Zakaria dan Faridah Salleh. (2012). Teachers‘ Creativity in Posing Statistical Problems from Discrete Data. Creative Education, 3(08), 1380.
Effandi Zakaria dan Norulbiah Ngah. (2011). A Preliminary Analysis of Students‘ Problem-Posing Ability and Its Relationship to Attitudes Towards Problem Solving. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 3(9), 866-870.
Ellerton, N. F. (1986). Children's Made-Up Mathematics Problems: A New Perspective on Talented Mathematicians. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 17(3), 261-271.
Ellerton, N. F. (2013). Engaging Pre-Service Middle-School Teacher-Education Students in Mathematical Problem Posing: Development of An Active Learning Framework. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 83(1), 87-101. Elleyanti Mislan. (2012). Kemahiran Pengutaraan Masalah Matematik Tambahan
dalam Kalangan Pelajar Tingkatan 4. Laporan Sarjana, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai.
Elo, S. dan Kyngäs, H. (2008). The Qualitative Content Analysis Process. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 62(1), 107-115.
English, L. (2003). Problem Posing in Elementary Curriculum. Teaching Mathematics Through Problem Solving. Reston, Virginia: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
English, L D. (1997). The Development of Fifth-Grade Children's Problem-Posing Abilities. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 34(3), 183-217.
English, L D. (1998). Children's Problem Posing Within Formal and Informal Contexts. Journal for Research in mathematics Education, 83-106.
Ernest, P. (2002). The Philosophy of Mathematics Education: Routledge.
Faridah Salleh (2013). Keupayaan Menjanakan Masalah Statistik Dalam Kalangan Guru Matematik. Tesis PhD. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi.
Faridah Salleh dan Effandi Zakaria. (2012). Keupayaan Menjana Masalah Matematik Dalam Kalangan Guru Matematik. Prosiding Seminar Penyelidikan Siswazah. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Fladge, D. E. (2004). The Art of Questioning : An Introduction to Critical Thinking. Upper Saddle River: NJ: Pearson.
Forehand, M. (2010). Bloom‘s Taxonomy. Emerging Perspectives on Learning, Teaching and Technology, 41-47.
Fraenkel, J. R. dan Wallen, N. E. (2006). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education (6th ed.). New York: Mc Grraw-Hill.
Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E. dan Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education: McGraw-Hill New York.
Franklin, C., Kader, G., Mewborn, D., Moreno, J., Peck, R., Perry, M. (2007). Guidelines for Assessment and Instruction in Statistics Education (GAISE) Report. Alexandría: American Statistical Association.
Franklin, C. A., dan Garfield, J. (2006). The GAISE Project: Developing Statistics Education Guidelines for Grades Pre-K-12 and College Courses. In G. Burrill & P. Elliott (Eds.), Thinking and Reasoning With Data and Chance (68th Yearbook, pp. 345 –376). Reston, VA: NCTM.
Gall, M. D., Gall, J. P. dan Borg, W. R. (2012). Educational Research: An Introduction (8th Ed) Pearson.
Garfield, J. (1995). How Students Learn Statistics. International Statistical Review, 63(1), 25-34.
Garfield, J., dan Ben-Zvi, D. (2008). Developing Students‟ Statistical Reasoning: Connecting Research and Teaching Practice. Springer Science & Business Media.
Gay, L. dan Airasian, P. (2003). Education Research. Competencies for Analysis and Applications, New Jersey.
Gay, L. R, Mills, G. E, dan Airasian, P W. (2011). Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (10th Ed) Upper Saddle River: New Jersey:PearsonEducation, Inc.
Ghasempour, Z., Bakar, M. N. dan Jahanshahloo, G. R. (2013). Innovation in Teaching and Learning through Problem Posing Tasks and Metacognitive Strategies. Int. J. Ped. Inn, 1(1), 57-66.
Ghasempour, Z. dan Md Nor, B. (2013). Performance of Undergraduate Students in Mathematical Problem Posing Tasks. Sains Humanika, 63(2).
285 Ghasempour Zahra, Hamidreza Kashefi, Md Nor B. dan Miri, S. A. (2012).
Higher-Order Thinking via Mathematical Problem Posing Tasks among Engineering Students. ASEAN Journal of Engineering Education, 1(1), 41-47.
Gonzales, N A. (1994). Problem Posing: A Neglected Component in Mathematics Courses for Prospective Elementary and Middle School Teachers. School Science and Mathematics, 94(2), 78-84.
Gonzales, N A. (1996). Problem Formulation: Insights from Student Generated Questions. School Science and Mathematics, 96(3), 152-157.
Gonzales, N A. (1998). A Blueprint for Problem Posing. School Science and Mathematics, 98(8), 448-456.
Gray, D. E. (2013). Doing Research in The Real World. Sage.
Grundmeier, T. A. (2003). The Effects of Providing Mathematical Problem Posing Experiences for K-8 Pre-service Teachers: Investigating Teacher's Beliefs and Characteristics of Posed Problems. Tesis Doktor Falsafah, University of New Hampshire.
Guvercin, S., Cilavdaroglu, A. K., dan Savas, A. C. (2014). The Effect of Problem Posing Instruction on 9th Grade Students‘ Mathematics Academic Achievement and Retention. Anthropologist, 17(1), 129-136.
Guvercin, S. dan Verbovskiy, V. (2014). The Effect of Problem Posing Tasks Used In Mathematics Instruction To Mathematics Academic Achievement And Attitudes Toward Mathematics. International Online Journal of Primary Education, 3(2).
Hair, J. F, Black, W. C, B.J, B, dan Anderson, R E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis (Seventh ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hanson, D. M. (2006). Instructor's Guide to Process-Oriented Guided-Inquiry Learning: Pacific Crest Lisle, IL.
Harpen, X. V dan Presmeg, N. C. (2013). An Investigation of Relationship Between Students' Mathematical Problem-Posing Abilities and Their Mathematical Content Knowledge. Educ Stud Math. 83, 117-132.
Hasan, U. dan Arikan, E. E. (2015). An Investigation of Eighth Grade Students‘ Problem Posing Skills (Turkey Sample). International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 1(1), 23-30.
Heong, Y. M., Othman, W. B., Yunos, J. B. M., Kiong, T. T., Hassan, R. B., dan Mohamad, M. M. B. (2011). The Level of Marzano Higher Order Thinking
Skills Among Technical Education Students. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 1(2), 121.
Herron, M D. (1971). The Nature of Scientific Enquiry. The School Review, 171-212. Hirashima, T., dan Kurayama, M. (2013). Analyzer of Sentence Card Set for Learning by Problem-Posing. In International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 628-631.
Hofstein, A., dan Lunetta, V. N. (2003). The Laboratory In Science Education: Foundations For The Twenty-First Century. Science Education, 88, 28-54. Hopkins, K. D. (1998). Educational and Psychological Measurement and Evaluation
(8th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Hsieh, H-F, dan Shannon, S E. (2005). Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis. Qualitative Health Research, 15(9), 1277-1288.
Hsiao, J.Y., Hung, C. L., Lan, Y. F. dan Jeng, Y. C. (2013). Integrating Worked Examples Into Problem Posing In A Web-Based Learning Environment. TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 12(2), 166- 176.
Ilfi Norman dan Md. Nor Bakar. (2009). Secondary School Students‘ Abilities Through Problem Posing Activities. Jurnal Pendidikan Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 14, 98-118.
Ilfi Norman dan Md Nor Bakar. (2011). Secondary School Students' Problem Posing Strategies: Implication to Secondary School Students' Problem Posing Performances. Jurnal of Edupres. 1, 1-8.
Ilfi Norman, Zaid Zainal Abidin dan Md Nor Bakar. (2011). Secondary School Students' Abilities through Problem Posing Activities. Kertas Kerja dibentangkan di ICELD 2010. Johor: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Irfan, N. U, dan Sajap, M. (2006). Aplikasi Pendekatan Inkuiri Dalam Persekitaran Pembelajaran Berasaskan Web.
Johnson, R. B. A. (2003). Data collection strategies in mixed methods research. In A.Tashakkori, and C. Teddlie (Eds.), Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social and Behavioral Research (pp. 297-319). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Johnson, B. dan Christensen, L. (2000). Educational Research: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches: Allyn & Bacon.
287 Jonker, J. dan Pennink, B. (2010). The Essence of Research Methodology: A Concise Guide for Master and PhD Students in Management Science: Springer Science & Business Media.
Karadag, Z. (2011). Improving Online Mathematical Thinking. Paper presented at the 11th International Congress on Mathematical Thinking in Elementary and advanced Mathematics, Educational Studies in Mathematics.
Karadag, Z. (2011). Improving Online Mathematical Thinking. In 11th International Congress on Mathematical Thinking in Elementary and Advanced Mathematics, Educational Studies in Mathematics, 38(1), 111-113.
Kember, D. (2003). To Control or Not to Control: The Question Of Whether Experimental Designs Are Appropriate For Evaluating Teaching Innovations In Higher Education. Assessment dan Evaluation in Higher Education, 28(1), 89–101.
Kilpatrick, J. (1987). Problem Formulating: Where Do Good Problems Come From. Cognitive Science And Mathematics Education, 123-147.
King, F. J., Goodson, L., dan Rohani, F. (1998). Higher Order Thinking Skills: Definition, Teaching Strategies, Assessment. Publication of the Educational Services Program, now known as the Center for Advancement of Learning and Assessment. Obtido de: www. cala. fsu. edu.
Kiong, T. T., Yunos, J. M., Hassan, R, Heong, Y M, Hussein, A H, dan Mohamad, M M. (2012). Thinking Skills for Secondary School Students in Malaysia. Journal of Research, Policy & Practice of Teachers & Teacher Education, 2(2), 12-23.
Kirschner, P., Sweller, P., dan Clark, P. (2006). Contemporary Cognitive Load Theory: The Good, Bad and The Ugly. Computers in Human Behavior. 27, 99–105.
Koh, K., Lee, A. N , Gong, W. dan Wong, H M. (2006). Development of the Singapore Prototype Classroom Assessment Tasks: Innovative Tools for Improving Student Learning and Performance. Centre for Research in Pedagogy and Practice, National Institute of Education. Nanyang Technological University.
Kojima, K. dan Miwa, K. (2008). A System That Facilitates Diverse Thinking In Problem Posing. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 18(3), 209-236.
Kontorovich, I., Koichu, B., Leikin, R. & Berman, A. (2011). Indicators of Creativity in Mathematical Problem Posing: How Indicatative are They? Proceeding of the 6th International Conference Creativity in Mathematics Education and the Education of Gifted Students, hlm. 20-125. Latvia: Latvia University.
KPM. (2004a). The Integrated Curriculum for Secondary School Curruculum Specifications: Additional Mathematics.
KPM. (2004b). The Integrated Curriculum for Secondary School Curruculum Specifications: Mathematics Form 2.
KPM. (2004c). The Integrated Curriculum for Secondary School Curruculum Specifications: Mathematics Form 3.
KPM. (2004d). The Integrated Curriculum for Secondary School Curruculum Specifications: Mathematics Form 4.
KPM. (2010). Sukatan Pelajaran Matematik.
KPM. (2012). Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013-2025. Putrajaya: Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
KPM. (2013). Elemen Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi (Kbat) Dalam Instrumen Pentaksiran.
Krathwohl, D. R. (2002). A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy: An Overview. Theory Into Practice, 41(4), 212-218.
Krulik, S. dan Rudnick, J. A. (1993). Reasoning and Problem Solving: A Handbook for Elementary School Teachers: Allyn and Bacon.
Landis, J. R. dan Koch, G. G. (1977). The Measurement of Observer Agreement for Categorical Data. Biometrics, 159-174.
Leech, N. L., Barrett, K. C., dan Morgan, G. A. (2011). SPSS for Intermediate Statistics: Use and Interpretation (4th ed.). New York, NY: Routledge, Taylor & Francis.
Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia.(2015). Kupasan Mutu Jawapan Matematik SPM. Leung, S S. (1997). On the Role of Creative Thinking in Problem Posing. ZDM,
29(3), 81-85.
Leung, S S. (2013). Teachers Implementing Mathematical Problem Posing in the Classroom: Challenges and Strategies. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 83(1), 103-116.
Leung, S. S. dan Silver, E. A. (1997). The Role of Task Format, Mathematics Knowledge, and Creative Thinking on The Arithmetic Problem Posing of
289 Prospective Elementary School Teachers. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 9(1), 5-24.
Lester, F. dan Kehle, P. (2003). From Problem Solving to Modeling: The Evolution of Thinking About Research on Complex Mathematical Activity. Dlm. R. A. Lesh dan H. M. Doer (pnyt.), Beyond Constructivism: Models and Modeling Perspectives on Mathematics Problem Solving, Learning, and Teaching, 501-517. Mahwah, NJ: Lawarence Erlbaum Associates.
Levy, Y., dan Ellis, T. J. (2011). A Guide for Novice Researchers on Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Studies in Information Systems Research. Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge and Management, 6, 151-161.
Lewis, A. dan Smith, D. (1993). Defining Higher Order Thinking. Theory into Practice, 32(3), 131-137.
Lewis, T., Petrina, S. dan Hill, A. M. (1998). Problem Posing—Adding A Creative Increment To Technological Problem Solving.
Limbach, B. dan Waugh, W. (2010). Developing Higher Level Thinking. Journal of Instructional Pedagogies, 3, 1-9.
Lin, K. M, dan Leng, L. W. (2008). Using Problem-Posing As An Assessment Tool. In 10th Asia-Pacific Conference on Giftedness, Singapore.
Liu, C. H. dan Matthews, R. (2005). Vygotsky's Philosophy: Constructivism and Its Criticisms Examined. International Education Journal, 6(3), 386-399.
Lumpkin, C. (1992). Effects of Teaching Critical Thinking Skills on the Critical Thinking Ability, Achievement, and Retention of Social Studies Content by Fifth and Sixth Graders. Journal of Research In Education, 2(1), 8-12.
Marzano, R. J. (1992). ―A Different King of Classroom: Teaching with Dimension of Learning.‖ Alexandria, VA: ASCD.
Mason, J., Burton, L., and Stacey, K. (2010). Thinking Mathematically. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc, Wokingham, England.
McLeod, S. (2010). Simply Psychology. Retrieved on 22nd February, 2016 from http://www.simplypsychology.org/Zone-of-Proximal-Development.html Mehrens, W. A., dan Lehmann, I. J. (1991). Measurement and Evaluation in
Education and Psychology. New York: Harcourt Brace.
Menon, R. (1996). Mathematical Communication Through Student-Constructed Questions. Teaching Children Mathematics, 2(9), 530-532.
Mestre, J. P. (2002). Probing Adults' Conceptual Understanding and Transfer of Learning Via Problem Posing. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 23(1), 9-50.
Miri, B., David, B. C., dan Uri, Z. (2007). Purposely Teaching for the Promotion of Higher-Order Thinking Skills: A Case of Critical Thinking. Research in Science Education, 37(4), 353-369.
Mishra, S. (2014). Developing Students' Problem-Posing Skills. Proceedings of The Tenth Annual Conference On International Computing Education Research, 163-164.
Muhammad Faiz, N. (2011). Indahnya Matematik. Menemui Matematik (Discovering Mathematics), 33(2), 45-53.