1)Enny Irmawati Hasan,2)Gustin Yulian Nova,3)Mardiyani. M,4)Sanneti Hevianis, Sri Adelila5)Sari
1,2,3,4Disaster Science Postgraduate Program, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia [email protected]1), [email protected]2), [email protected]3),
[email protected]4),[email protected]5) Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the disaster knowledge of teachers and students on State Junior High School SMPN1 Kajhu, District of Aceh Besar, Aceh Province, Indonesia. The samples of study were 19 teachers and 30 students. The data were collected by questionnaire that amounted to 15 and analyzed using descriptive statistics. It has been found that there was any different knowledge of disaster between teachers and students, whereas the mean knowledge of students was found to be higher than teachers. Due to the findings, therefore it has been suggested that teachers and students are strongly needed to have the best knowledge about the disaster, due the school was much closer to the disaster.
Keywords: Disaster knowledge, Teachers and Students
INTRODUCTION
Schools,as a formal education institution, should disseminate adequate knowledge on disaster.The presences of schools in disaster are arequire collaboration among all concerned parties to provide the disaster knowledge to minimize the risk. SMPN 1 Kajhu, Aceh Besar, is one of schools located in disaster risk area,which has been relocated to the same place as it placed before the earthquake and tsunami hit. A safe school is a community of learners that are committed to a safe and health culture, aware of the risks, and has a well-established plan before, during, and after the disaster(PERKA BNPB No. 04, 2012). Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the disaster knowledge of teachers and students.
This study was the initial survey to find out the adequate knowledge of teachers and students in understanding disaster. The student knowledge is essential and must be prioritized because the location of the school that is closed to the sea is a high risk factor.
This study was conducted by investigating the knowledge and experiences of the respondent. Teachers as an educator and students as a learner who expected toimprove the behavior toward disaster (Honesti, 2012). According to Astuti (2010), the indicators of assessing the students were related to the understanding of disaster through the dynamics thinking and acting in ORID (Objective, Reflective, Interpretative, and Decision).
METHODOLOGY
The methodology of this study usedquestionnaire that given to teachers and students. The populationof teachers in SMPN 1 Kajhu were32,whereas the population of ninth grade students in SMPN 1 Kajhu was 50. It should use the solvingformula to determine the minimum sample for the student respondents that can be seen below:
= ( ) + 1
Where:
n = number of sample;
N = number of population;
d2 = determined precision equal to 10%, and
1 = Constant number
Therefore by using the formula, it could be determined that students who were respondent in this study was 33 students.
The questionnaire design followed the Likert scale. According to Riduwan (2003), Likert scale is the standard assessment of variables that giving a code for each items for measure the statement. It could be a positive or negative statement as shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Criteria score in Likert scale
score range Rating category
4 < x ≤ 5 Very Important
3 < x ≤ 4 Important
2 < x ≤ 3 Quite Important
1 < x ≤ 2 Unimportant
1 Very Unimportant
Source: Riduwan (2003)
After entire data has been collected, it recapitulated by using Microsoft excel.
Analysis used in this study consist of : a recapitulation of respondent’s response (teachers and students), then analyzed the frequency to determine the average of response of each respondents.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The questionnaire was given to teachers and students at the same time. However, the respondent who werepresent in the school on that day was 19 teachers, and 30 students.
Therefore, the samples for this study were 19 teachers and 30 students.
The questionnaire was consists of 15 questions which was intended to investigate the disaster knowledge of teachers and students. The questions was include: (1) The presence of disaster knowledge in school; (2) Provide the workshop or training related to
disaster; (3) The sustainability of disaster knowledge dissemination; (4) The availability of information about the high risk disaster area; (5) Provide the direction before, during, and after disaster; (6) The information about early warning system and evacuation route; (7) Established the schools based on disaster preparedness; (8) Controlling emotion during the disaster; (9) Creating the behavior and culture related to disaster; (10) The knowledge related to the highest risk of community (older, women, kids, and disable peoples) toward disaster; (11) Knowledge of how to rescue against disaster; (12) Schools as facilities which could be created the preparedness toward disaster; (13) The participation of school in disseminating the disaster knowledge to the community; (14) Controlled by the related parties in disseminating the disaster knowledge; (15) Establish the resilience to the community in knowledge application.
The percentage of respondents’ response which considered ‘very important’ for each question is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
Based on the respondents’ responses, it can be seen that there were differences between teachers’ and students’ disaster knowledge, whereas the mean value of students’
disaster knowledge was higher than teachers’ as shown in Figure 3.
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
It was inversely with the initial presumption which told that the teachers’
knowledge is higher than students. On the investigation of Suhengki (2014) shows that the average value of the students who were well-prepared for disaster are 73,43% and the teachers who were well-prepared for disaster are 82,76%. It can be concluded that the disaster knowledge of the students less than the teachers. As we know, teachers, are the role model for students, were expected to have the disaster knowledge more than the students. So the students could receive the adequate knowledge of disaster from them.
Factor that caused the students knowledge is higher than teachers is the availability of internet access. They can get much information about disaster from worldwide. In other hand, most of the teachers have no skill to operating the internet. They only received the information from the government and related parties which is very limited.
To achieve the good preparedness for all members in the school in order to reduce the risk, the teachers’ disaster knowledge must be improved until they exceed the level of students’. Then, the students’ disaster knowledge also must be improved due to the location of the school that is closed to the sea is a high risk factor. So that, when the earthquake occurs, they can be addressing the behavior toward the disaster knowledge.
A good preparedness will be created if both of the teachers and the students have adequate knowledge of disaster and can apply the knowledge together. It is also expected to be a figure to the communities.
The students in SMPN 1 Kajhu have more disaster knowledge than the teachers.
RECOMMENDATION
This study is expected to be a reference for further investigation in order toincrease the knowledge between teachers and students. It also could provide a reference to all concerned parties in improving the knowledge of disaster.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The gratitude is sent to all of teachers and students in SMPN 1 Kajhu who were participated as respondents in this study.
REFERENCES
Astuti, Siti Irene., Sudaryono, S.U. 2010. Peran Sekolah Dalam PembelajaranMitigasi Bencana: Jurnal Dialog Penanggulangan Bencana Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2010
Honesti, Leli., Nazwar Djali. 2012.Pendidikan Kebencanaan Di Sekolah – Sekolah Di Indonesia Berdasarkan Sudut Pandang Disiplin Ilmu Pengetahuan: Jurnal Momentum, Volume 12, Nomor 1, Februari 2012.
Republik Indonesia. Peraturan Kepala Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana No. 4 Tahun 2012
Riduwan. 2003. Dasar-dasar statistika. Bandung : Alfabeta.
Suhengki, Fajar. 2014. Studi Kesiapan Pengetahuan Warga Sekolah Dalam Menghadapi Bencana Gempa dan Tsunami di Padang : Artikel Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Bangunan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Padang
GRAPHIC
Graphic 1. The percentage of Teacher respondent’s response for each question
Figure 2. The percentage of Student respondent’s response for each question 6.67
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Questions
10.53
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Questions
GRAPHIC
Graphic 1. The percentage of Teacher respondent’s response for each question
Figure 2. The percentage of Student respondent’s response for each question 60.00
36.67 6.67
56.67 46.67
63.33 46.67
43.33 16.67
40.00
70.00 33.33
20.00
53.33 36.67
20 40 60 80
Students' response (%) 57.89 47.37 10.53
42.11 47.37
52.63 21.05
26.32 21.05
57.89 47.37 21.05
15.79 21.05 15.79
20 40 60 80
Teachers' response (%)
GRAPHIC
Graphic 1. The percentage of Teacher respondent’s response for each question
Figure 2. The percentage of Student respondent’s response for each question 100 100
Figure 3. Average Value between respondents 1.00
2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
The Average Value
Questions
Teachers Students