Simpulan
1. Hasil uji fitokimia secara kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak akar takokak mempunyai komponen yang paling lengkap yaitu alkaloid, triterpenoid, tanin dan flavonoid.
2. Ekstrak yang paling baik adalah ekstrak buah takokak umur tua yang dikeringkan dengan pelarut etanol 96 %.
3. Daya toksisitas ekstrak yang paling kuat adalah ekstrak takokak daun yang segar dengan nilai LC50 yaitu sebesar 6,8 µg/ml.
4. Ekstrak buah takokak lebih tepat dalam menghambat sel kanker paru (A549) dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 335,7 µg/ml.
5. Konsentrasi takokak berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan kadar TNF-α dan kadar SOD serta penurunan kadar IL-6. Dosis ekstrak takokak yang terbaik adalah dosis 800 mg/kg BB.
Saran
1. Dalam penelitian ini, ekstrak takokak yang digunakan merupakan hasil ekstrak etanol, agar ekstrak dapat digunakan sebagai pangan fungsional diperlukan modifikasi ekstrak menjadi minuman atau makanan ringan.
2. Pada akhir penelitian persentase nodul pada tikus rendah, sehingga dalam penelitian selanjutnya perlu dipertimbangkan jumlah tikus awal dan nekropsi sebaiknya mendekati minggu ke-16.
3. Untuk mencegah proliferasi sel kanker dan inflamasi disarankan menggunakan dosis ekstrak takokak 800 mg/kg BB.
73
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LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1. Hasil analisa sidik ragam pengaruh konsentrasi etanol terhadap rendemen pada berbagai jenis buah takokak
Sumber Keragaman JK db KT F Sig Model koreksi 1630.293a 9 181.144 18.607 .000 Intercept 3016.459 1 3016.459 309.851 .000 Jenis buah 1331.926 4 332.982 34.204 .000 Konsentrasi etanol 111.675 1 111.675 11.471 .007 Interaksi 186.691 4 46.673 4.794 .020 Eror 97.352 10 9.735 Total 4744.104 20 Total koreksi 1727.644 19
Lampiran 2. Uji lanjut Duncan pengaruh konsentrasi etanol terhadap rendemen pada berbagai jenis buah takokak
Jenis buah n Subset
1 2 3
Ekstrak buah segar
muda 4 4.4600
Ekstrak buah segar
cukup 4 4.8950
Ekstrak buah segar tua 4 8.5750 Ekstrak buah kering
cukup 4 18.2250
Ekstrak buah kering
tua 4 25.2500
Sig. .105 1.000 1.000
Lampiran 3. Hasil analisa sidik ragam pengaruh konsentrasi etanol terhadap kadar fenol pada berbagai jenis buah takokak
Sumber Keragaman JK db KT F Sig Model koreksi 1552534031780.000a 9 172503781308.889 2.015 .145 Intercept 2796158805620.000 1 2796158805620.000 32.663 .000 Jenis buah 1267141652730.000 4 316785413182.500 3.701 .042 Konsentrasi etanol 128887934580.000 1 128887934580.000 1.506 .248 Interaksi 156504444470.000 4 39126111117.500 .457 .766 Eror 856054262800.000 10 85605426280.000 Total 5204747100200.000 20 Total koreksi 2408588294580.000 19
82
Lampiran 4. Uji lanjut Duncan pengaruh konsentrasi etanol terhadap kadar fenol pada berbagai jenis buah takokak
Jenis buah
n
Subset
1 2 3
Ekstrak buah kering tua 4 91487.5000
Ekstrak buah buah
kering cukup 4 132500.0000 132500.0000 Ekstrak buah buah segar
cukup 4 320135.0000 320135.0000
320135.00 00
Ekstrak buah buah segar
muda 4 595480.0000
595480.00 00
Ekstrak buah buah segar
tua 4
729942.50 00
Sig. .316 .058 .088
Lampiran 5. Hasil analisa sidik ragam pengaruh konsentrasi etanol terhadap aktifitas antioksidan pada berbagai jenis buah takokak
Sumber Keragaman JK db KT F Sig Model koreksi 784870865.000a 9 87207873.889 1534.993 .000 Intercept 671061125.000 1 671061125.000 11811.711 .000 Jenis buah 779936271.500 4 194984067.875 3432.021 .000 Konsentrasi etanol 217987.200 1 217987.200 3.837 .079 Interaksi 4716606.300 4 1179151.575 20.755 .000 Eror 568132.000 10 56813.200 Total 1456500122.000 20 Total koreksi 785438997.000 19
83 Lampiran 6. Uji lanjut Duncan pengaruh konsentrasi etanol terhadap kadar
aktifitas antioksidan pada berbagai jenis buah takokak
Jenis buah n Subset
1 2 3
Ekstrak buah segar cukup 4 587.2500 Ekstrak buah segar muda 4 744.2500 Ekstrak buah segar tua 4 758.5000
Ekstrak buah kering cukup 4 13112.5000 Ekstrak buah buah kering
tua 4 13760.0000
Sig. .355 1.000 1.000
Lampiran 7. Hasil uji pengaruh konsentrasi takokak terhadap persen inhibisi sel kanker payudara (MCF-7), sel kanker servik (Hela) dan sel kanker paru (A549).
Sumber keragaman JK db KT F Sig