“t” tes
.
�
�
Ahmad Fuad Effendy, MetodologiPengajaran Bahasa Arab, (Malang: Misykat, 2005 ), cet. 3, h. 137.
structuralism
Course de
Linguistique Generale
Modern Linguistics
La parole
le Langage
la Langue
Ahmad Fuad Effendy, MetodologiPengajaran ..., (Malang: Misykat, 2005), cet. 3, h. 12.
3
)
(33,3%)
.
4
)
8
(Ferdinand de Saussure)
(Leonard Bloomfield)
(Edward Sapir)
(Charles Hockett)
(Charles
Fries)
2
-(Geneva)
،
http://www.lidahibu.com/2009/04/17 , ferdinand-de-saussure
Course in General
Linguistics
))
(Leipzig)
3
-(D. Whitney)
(Baudouinde Courtenay)
Sekilas tentang teori Strukturalisme
،
http://pondokkajiansosial.blogspot.com/
،
،
http://www.lidahibu.com/2009/04/17 , ferdinand-de-saussure
(Ch. S. Peirce)
(Semiotics)
(Emile Durkheim)
4
-(Charles Bally)
(Albert Sechehay)
(Wade Baskin)
(Rahayu Hidayat)
(Geneva University)
(Leipzig University)
(Catatan Tentang Sistem Vokal
Purba Dalam Bahasa-bahasa Indo-Eropa)
(Kasus Genetivus Dalam Bahasa
Sansekerta)
“
l'Ecole
Pratique des Hautes
Etudes
”
(Société de
linguistique de Paris)
”
،
“
Joseph Wersheimer
”
“
(La
chaire de linguistique
générale
)
ريسوس يد دنانيدرف
Ferdinand de Saussure
(Syncronic)
.
(Diachronic)
Le Langage
La Langue
La Parole
5
6
ج
.
1
2
24
،
www. edu.com
(hipotesis)
PDF created with pdf
Factory trial version www.pdffactory.com
،
1
.
2
.
3
.
Suharsimi Arikunto, Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktek, (Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2002 ), cet. 12, hal. 112
4
<
=
�x
=
(presentasi)
�
=
(frekuensi)
=
(jumlah sample)
(frekuensi
sebenarnya)
(angka persenan)
.
tes
“t”
�
� =-
( � + � ) (� +� ) � +� − (� �� )Anas Sudijono, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, (Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 1999), cet9, h. 40
Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Pendidikan, (Bandung:Alfabeta, 2006), h. 207-208 .
=
=
=
=
�
=�
=(H
a)
(H
o)
“t” tes
“t
o”
“t
t”
“t
o”
30
(Experiment Class)
(Student)
(Pre Test)
(Controlled Class)
(Student)
(Pre Test)
�
�
�
�
�
=
�
=
�
=
�
=
�
=
�
=
�
� =-
( � + � ) (� +� )
=
�=
=
=
�=
=
�
� =�
-
( � + � ) (� +� ) � +� − (� �� )�
�=
,
−
,
. +
.
(
+
)
+
−
(
×
)
�
�
=
10
.
715
.
41
�
�=
10
.
7
21667
.
22
(
76
)
74
(
1444
)
�
�=
10
.
73
.
92
�
�=
10
.
7
1646708
.
72106856
�
�=
2.73
df
= (
1+ 2–
2
)
5%
�
�=
2.73
:
2.00
df
= (
38
+
38
–
2
)
1%
�
�=
2.73
:
2.65
df
=
76
–
2
=
74
�
�(
“t”
hasil observasi)
�
�(
“t” tabel harga
50
(Mean)
�
�Arikunto, Suharsimi,
Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktek,
Jakarta:
Rineka Cipta, cet.
,
.
Chaer, Abdul,
Linguistik Umum,
Jakarta: Rineka Cipta
,
, cet. , h.
.
Effendy, Ahmad Fuad,
Metodologi Pengajaran Bahasa Arab
, Malang: Misykat,
.
Ginting, Wahyu Adi Putra,
Ferdinand-de-saussure
,
/
/
Muthoharoh, Hafiz,
Metode Imla
, diakses pada
Postinus,
Bahasa dalam Persfektif Ferdinand de Saussure,
/ /
Sudijono, Anas,
Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan
, Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, cet
,
.
Sugiyono,
Metode Penelitian Pendidikan
, Bandung:Alfabeta,
.
Surakhmad, Winarno,
Pengantar Penelitian Ilmiah
, Bandung: Tarsito,
.
Yahya, Salahuddin,
Sekilas tentang Teori Strukturalisme,
/
/