ASPEK-ASPEK HUKUM PENGEMBANGAN USAHA
PELAYARAN NIAGA NASIONAL
(Studi Kasus di Pelabuhan Belawan – Medan)
TESIS
Oleh :
Hasim Purba
Nim : 992105047
Program Studi : Ilmu Hukum/Hukum Bisnis
PROGRAM PASCASARJANA
UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
I N T I S A R I posisi yang strategis dalam rangka melancarkan mobilitas penduduk, arus barang dan jasa serta informasi keseluruh penjuru tanah a i r , s e h i n g g a m e m p e r l a n c a r r o d a p e r e k o n o m i a n , m e m p e r k o k o h kesatuan dan persatuan bangsa dalam rangka perwujudan wawasan nusantara serta peningkatan ketahanan nasional.
R e s p o n d e n / s a m p e l d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n i n i d i t e n t u k a n s e c a r a p u r p o s s i v e . D a t a d i p e r o l e h m e l a l u i s t u d i d o k u m e n , w a w a n c a r a d a n k u e s s i o n e r y a n g s e l a n j u t n y a d i a n a l i s i s s e c a r a k u a l i t a t i f . P e n e l i t i a n i n i b e r s i f a t d e s k r i p t i f analitis dengan pendekatan y uridis normatif dan yuridis sosiologis.
H a s i l p e n e l i t i a n m e n u n j u k k a n s e c a r a y u r i d i s p e n g a t u r a n k e g i a t a n u s a h a p e l a y a r a n n i a g a n a s i o n a l t e l a h a d a s e j a k z a m a n p e n j a j a h a n B e l a n d a , y a n g m a n a b e b e r a p a k e t e n t u a n p e n i n g g a l a n p e me r i n t ah k o lon i a l t e r s e bu t t et a p di b er l ak uk an s a m p a i di b er l ak uk an ny a U U N o . 2 1 T a h u n 1 9 9 2 t e n t a n g P e l a y a r a n . D a l a m k e b i j a k a n p e m b a n g u n a n n a s i o n a l , s e k t o r p e m b a n g u n a n a n g k u t a n l a u t ( p e l a y a r a n ) t e t a p m e n d a p a t p e r h a t i a n , n a m u n d a l a m a p l i k a s i n y a d a l a m b e r b a g a i k e b i j a k a n p e r a t u r a n h u k u m t e r k a d a n g d i r a s a k a n a d a n y a p e r a t u r a n y a n g k u r a n g t e p a t , m e n g e n a i h a m b a t a n - h a m b a t a n y a n g d i r a s a k a n d a l a m p e n g e m b a n g a n u s a h a p e l a y a r a n n i a g a a n t a r a l a i n t e r l a l u m u d a h n y a p e m b e r i a n i z i n b a r u a k i b a t d e r e g u l a s i y a n g t e r l a l u l u a s ; p e r s a i n g a n t a r i f y a n g t i d a k s e h a t a n t a r a s e s a m a p e r u s a h a a n p e l a y a r a n d a n m a s i h d i t e m u k a n n y a h a m b a t a n o p e r a s i o n a l d i p e l a b u h a n s e p e r t i k u r a n g n y a s a r a n a d a n p r a s a r a n a p e l a b u h a n , s e r t a k o r d i n a s i y a n g t e r k a d a n g kurang baik di antara berbagai pihak terkait.
A B S T R A C T
Merchant shipping business has a very important role in either national or international trade. Moreover, Indonesia as an archipelago o r ma r i t i me c o u n try th e re f o r e n e e d s to b e mo s t ly o f go od s a r e transported using sea transportation through merchant shipping business activity. Further, the role and function of national merchant shipping has the more strategic in making the smoothness of goods flow of population mobility and service as well as information for all over the regions. It wills speed-up the wheel of economical, strengthen unity of nation in the creation of the archipelago concept as well as the promotion of national defense.
In order to develop national merchant shipping business, law aspect as one of the aspects should be as the attention. Without national law as the basic foundation and direction for development policy in merchant shipping, it will not possibly to create one effective m e r c h a n t s h i p p i n g b u s i n e s s a n d c o m p e t i t i v e l y w i t h f o r e i g n businessmen, especially in such as this globalization era. Variety law products and policy taken recently by government in merchant shipping has not given conducive climate for supporting the growth and development of national merchant shipping business.
This research is done in order to know the regulation about national merchant shipping business activity, the role of governing law policy issued by government to support the development of national merchant shipping. Moreover, it is intended to know the hindrances and obstacles found in merchant shipping as well as the steps performed to overcome such as the situation. The location of this research is at Belawan – Medan. The respondents/sample are determined purposively. The data is obtained through document study, interview and questioner which are then analyzed qualitatively. This is descriptive -analytical research with normative – yuridicative and sosiological-yuridical approach.
shipping business activity has been available since the colony of Dutch. Some clauses derived from Dutch colony were constantly used until the prevailation of constitution No. 21 of 1992 a b o u t t h e m e r c h a n t s h i p p i n g . I n n a t i o n a l d e v e l o p me n t p o l i c y , t h e me r c h a n t sh ip pin g s e ct o r i s a l w ay s a s t h e a t t en t ion . H o w e v e r, it s application in variety of governing law policy is inappropriate. The obstacles found are such as the ease for getting new license as the effect of too wide deregulation; unhealthy tariff competition among merchant shipping businesses, less of facilities and infrastructures and less of coordination from related parties.
