GEOMORPHOLOGICAL CONDITION ANALYSIS OF PRAMUKA CAY, KEPULAUAN SERIBU REGENCY, JAKARTA, INDONESIA
Ahmad Cahyadi, Indra Agus Riyanto, Dhandhun Wacano, Tjahyo Nugroho Adji, Muh Aris Marfai
Departmen of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada
The Third International Seminar on Science and Technology Yogyakarta, 11 – 12 July 2017
Uniuversitas Gadjah Mada
Introduction
1.
1.1. Background
• Earth in its geological history has experienced climate change in the past. The climate was warmer and, even, colder than it is today (Goudie, 2013).
• However, the climate change in the past took place in a very long period, i.e. within the course of hundreds of millions of years (Huggett, 1991).
• This condition was very different from the one that many scientists are discoursing on nowadays in which the climate has changed in a relatively short time since the Industrial Revolution.
Introduction
1.
1.1. Background
• The existing climate change potentially causes a shift in the climate system, which then affects many aspects of human life, such as water resource availability, the intensity of geomorphological processes, and disaster occurence (Gregory and Goudie, 2014).
• Furthermore, climate change is followed by sea level rise that significantly affects coastal environment including small and very small islands (Lang, 2014).
• Not only does sea level rise reduce the land surface, but it also
contributes to seawater intrusion reaching further inland and
reduces groundwater storage and catchment area in small and
very small islands (Pethick, 2001; Poulos et al., 2009; Reed et
al., 2009; Stive et al., 2009; Gregory and Goudie, 2014).
Introduction
1.
1.1. Background
• The characteristics of small islands are unique, which also apply to their geomorphological aspect.
• In addition, many other small islands in Indonesia experience water resource damage (seawater intrusion) due to excessive withdrawals that lack consideration of environmental carrying capacity.
• Pramuka Cay, located in Kepulauan Seribu Regency, Jakarta, Indonesia, is a very small island.
• After its affirmation as the capital city of the regency along
with its growing tourism activity, it has been experiencing rapid
population growth, which concomitantly increases vulnerability
to climate change-induced disasters.
Pendahuluan
1.
1.2. Background
Population Increase in Pramuka Cay (Cahyadi, 2015)
Introduction
1.
1.2. Research Objectives
• This research aimed to analyze the geomorphological condition of Pramuka Cay as a preliminary study to understand the characteristics of its resources and potentials of geomorphological hazard.
• This study is expected to assist in the environmental
management planning of Pramuka Cay in the future.
Research Methods
2.
Ikonos Image 2012
Bathymetric Map
Borehole Data Geophisycal
Data Literature
Studies
Tentative Geomorphological
Condition Transect Survey Photos obtained
from Diving
Videos obtained from Diving interviews to
divers
Geomorphological Condition of Pramuka Cay
Results and Discussion
3.
3.1. Location of Pramuka Cay
Results and Discussion
3.
3.2. The Geological Condition of Pramuka Cay
• Geologically, Pramuka Cay is formed of bioclastic deposition (Ongkosongo, 2011).
• At the same time, Hehanusa and Bakti (2004) and Verstappen (2010) also state that Pramuka Cay is part of Kepulauan Seribu that is formed of bioclastic deposits, i.e. materials derived from the debris of coral reefs and other marine species.
• These deposits are found on reef flats, which are the upper part of coral reefs.
• The coral reefs of Pramuka Cay were formed during the
Quaternary Period. However, they still develop until now and,
according to estimates, occupy the upper part of Cisubuh Fm,
which consists of clays and claystones (Ongkosongo, 2011).
Results and Discussion
3.
3.2. The Geological Condition of Pramuka Cay
The Geological Formation of the Seabed Surrounding Kepulauan Seribu
Results and Discussion
3.
3.3.
The Geomorphology of Pramuka CayPramuka Cay
geo
Results and Discussion
3. 3.3. The Geomorphology of Pramuka Cay
geo
Results and Discussion
3. 3.3. The Geomorphology of Pramuka Cay
Results and Discussion
3.
3.3.
The Geomorphology of Pramuka CayModified from Ongkosongo (2011)
Results and Discussion
3.
3.3.
The Geomorphology of Pramuka CayRelatively Closed Waters on the West Side of Pramuka Cay, Creating Smaller Sea Currents and Waves in the West than the East
Conclusion
4.
• Pramuka Cay is a very small island with a maximum length of 912 m, a maximum width of 323 m, and an area of 16.54 ha.
• The analysis results show that Pramuka Cay is composed of bioclastic deposits that occupy the upper part of patch reef in the form of pinnacle.
• In general, the geomorphology of Pramuka Cay consists of cay, reef flat, reef edge, reef slope, and regolith mound in front of reef slope.
• The lagoon on reef flat, which is commonly found in cays, no
longer exists in Pramuka Cay due to the deposisiton of
bioclastic sediment by marine processes.
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