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4
Environment Agency, Enforcement and prosecution policy, 8 Aug. 2008, para.19
(http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/static/documents/Leisure/enforcement-policy.pdf) [28 Jan 2011].
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Raymond W. Mushal, Reflections upon American environmental enforcement experience as it may relate to post-Hampton developments in England and Wales, (2007) J. Env. L. 19(2), 201-226, p.205.
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http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/static/documents/Business/epp-guidance_V24_Uploaded_for_Internet.pdf) [2 Feb 2011].
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Carolyn Abbot and Anthony Ogus, ‘Sanctions for pollution: do we have the right regime?’, (2002) J. Env. L. 14(3), 283-298, p.286.
10
Bell and McGillivray, op.cit. n.1, p.285.
11
Michael Watson , ‘Environmental offences: the reality of environmental crime’, (2005) Env. L. Rev. 7(3), 190-200, p.194.
12
Richard.B.Macrory, Regulatory Justice: Making sanctions effective final report, November 2006 (http://www.bis.gov.uk/files/file44593.pdf) [2 Feb 2011].
13
Abbot and Ogus, op.cit n. 9, p.286 (data from ‘Agency Flounders with Prosecution Policy’, ENDS Report 315 (2001) 3).
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Bell and McGillivray, op.cit. n.1, p.289.
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Ibid, p.273.
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Ibid, p.277.
18 Abbot and Ogus, op.cit. n. 9, p286 (data from HC Written Answers, 30 November 2000, Cols 768-773W).
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R. v Milford Port Authority (The sea Empress), [2000] 2 Cr. App. R. (S.) 423
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John.c. Coffee JR, ‘“No soul to Damn, no Body to kick”: An Unscandalised Enquiry into the problem of Corporate Punishment’, (1981) Michigan Law Rev. 79, p.386 in Holder and Lee, op.cit. n.2, p.394 .
22
Watson op.cit. n.11, p.198-199.
23
Ibid, p.199.
24
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28
Robert A.Kagan and John T.Schols,’ The “Criminology of the Corporation” and Regulatory Enforcement Strategies’ in Holder and Lee, op.cit. n.2, p.390.
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Environment Agency http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/business/regulation/116844.aspx [4 Feb 2011].
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Ibid p.73-85.
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UNECE, Aarhus Convention, 25 June 1998 (http://www.unece.org/env/pp/documents/cep43e.pdf) [4 Feb 2011].
35
DEFRA, The effectiveness of enforcement of environmental legislation, September 2006, p.45-47. (http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/policy/enforcement/pdf/envleg-enforce-wrcreport.pdf) [2 Feb 2011].
36
Bell and McGillivray, op.cit. n.1, p.271.
37
DEFRA, op.cit. n.34, p45-47.
38
E.U., Directive 2008/99/EC, (2008) OJ L 328/28,
