The Impact of Presenting a Paper in Research Conferences For Students of English Education Department
Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
A Skripsi
Submitted to the Faculty of Language Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree
Sarjana Pendidikan
Muhammad Ulinnuha Mangku Rachmat 20100540034
English Education Department Faculty of Language Education Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
Table of Contents
Cover Page ... i
Approval Page ... ii
Declaration Of The Authenticity ... iii
Acknowledgement ... iv
Table Of Contents ... v
Abstract ... vii
Chapter One: Introduction ... 1
Background ... 1
Statement of the problem ... 3
Research questions ... 4
Objective of the research ... 4
Significance of the research ... 4
Outline of the research ... 5
Chapter Two: Literature Review ... 7
Research ... 7
Research publication ... 8
Form of research publication ... 9
Written report... 9
Oral presentation ... 10
Research at higher education ... 17
Research in students’ learning program ... 18
Importance of research experience to students ... 19
Chapter Three: Methodology... 26
Research design ... 26
Setting and participant ... 27
Data collection methods ... 28
Data analysis ... 30
Chapter Four: Finding And Discussion ... 31
Benefit of presenting paper in research conferences for students at EED UMY ... 31
Impact of presenting paper in research conferences for students’ learning at EED UMY ... 41
Chapter Five: Conclusion And Suggestion ... 55
Conclusion ... 55
Suggestion ... 56
References ... 57
Appendices ... 61
Appendix A: List of EED UMY Students Participation IN Research Conferemces Year 2011-2015 ... 62
Appendix B: Interview Guidelines ... 67
Appendix C: Verbatim Respondents ... 68
List of Table and Figure Table 1 Data of Students’ Paper Presentation at EED UMY ... 2
Figure 1 Conceptual Framework ... 25
Abstract
This study is intended to investigate the impact of presenting a paper in research conferences for students of English Education Department of Universitas
Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta (EED UMY). There are two focuses of this study. They are firstly to reveal the benefit of presenting a paper in research conferences and secondly to investigate the impact of having the experience for students’ learning at EED UMY. The research design of this study was qualitative research. The participants were six students who have presented paper in research
conference during their study in EED UMY. The participants are students from batch 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013. They were asked about their experience in one on one interview. The interview session was recorded, transcribed then analyzed using coding procedure. The finding revealed positive results. Three main benefits that can be achieved from presenting a paper in research conferences were
identified including enriching experience, increasing knowledge, and supporting future career. Related to impact of presenting a paper in research conference to students’ learning at EED UMY, the findings showed several results. They cover
becoming more confident, improving their communication skill, and enhancing their academic performance.The finding indicated that presenting a paper in research conferences is certainly beneficial to be experienced by students at EED UMY.
Chapter One Introduction
This chapter contains the introduction to this skripsi. This chapter consists of background as elaboration to the concerned case of study, elaboration of the direction of this skripsi including research questions, objectives, and the
significance of the study. This chapter was closed by content description of every chapter in this skripsi.
Background
Lately the phenomenon of students who were responding to call for paper has been emerged among several students at English Education Department Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta (EED UMY). The phenomenon was found by the researcher during conducting education at EED UMY in order to pursue bachelor degree of education in English Language Teaching by title S.Pd. within year 2010 to 2015. The researcher observed within those span times, that the phenomenon not only has emerged but also became something entrenched among several students at EED UMY.
paper, researchers submitted the paper of their works in order to enroll in as the contributor of the conferences in terms of paper presenter. In the conference, the researchers present their works to audience orally through the presentation.
In order to clarify the phenomenon, the researcher has been conducting an observation in order to identify the detail of the phenomenon. The data that the researcher has been collected from observation was presented in the chart below. Table 1. Data of students’ paper presentation at EED UMY.
Number 23 students
Paper 35 papers of 35 participations
Event ICEL, TEFLIN, Asia TEFL, JETA, COTEFL, and ILLC Year of
Participation
One time at 2011 24 times at 2013 5 times at 2015 One time at 2012 4 times at 2014
Batch
6 students of batch 2010 1 student of batch 2012 14 students of batch 2011 2 student of batch 2013 Frequency 16 students once 7 students more than once
Based on the chart above can be seen that originally the phenomenon was started in year 2011. Until year 2015 where the data was collected, 23 students at EED UMY identified have been presenting paper in research conferences. They were including 6 students of batch 2010, 14 students of batch 2011, one student of batch 2012, and 2 students of batch 2013. They were spread various conferences related to teaching-learning English held regional and abroad by organizer such as ICEL, TEFLIN, Asia TEFL, JETA, COTEFL, and ILLC. The total paper that has been presented within year 2011 to 2015 can be identified 35 papers of 35
to 2012 can be identified one time in each year 2011 and 2012, 23 times in year 2013, 4 times in years 2014, and 5 times in year 2015. Related to the frequency of the presentation, 16 students identified have been presenting paper once and 7 students identified more than once. The phenomenon actually was still considered minority among students at EED UMY but refers to the consistency of
presentation within year 2011 to 2015 the phenomenon possibly will continue. Statement of the Problem
The researcher found the emergence of the phenomenon was interesting. This is because based on the researchers’ experience during conducting education at EED UMY basically there was no specific regulation that required students to have such experience. Related to research, students at EED UMY commonly was obligied to conducting research as intended for the final project skripsi. However those 23 students have been out of the box. They were also practicing research out of common purpose as intended as the final project. Even some of them identified have been participating more than once as refers to the amount of participation that has been made within year 2011 to 2015.
On one hand those students were impressive because they could do more than the other students at EED UMY, but on the other hand also made the researcher curios toward the value of presenting paper in research conferences. Whether presenting paper in research conferences was really that interesting to be experienced? If yes then what exactly they have achieved from their experience in presenting paper in research conferences? Also would presenting paper in
Therefore the researcher was interested to conducting a research. The research entitled “The Impact of Presenting a Paper in Research Conferences for Students of English Education Department Universitas Muhammadiyah
Yogyakarta”. Mainly the research was intended to explore, discover, and
document the evidence related to the form of outcomes that EED UMY students have achieved from their paper presentation in research conferences. In precise, related to the benefits that can be achieved from presenting paper in research conferences and the possibility of impacts of having the presentation to students’ learning at EED UMY where the phenomenon found.
Research Question
Based on the background of the research above, there are two main research questions to be answerd in this research they are:
1. What are the benefits that can be achieved from presenting a paper in research conferences for students at EED UMY?
2. What are the impacts of presenting a paper in research conferences for students’ learning at EED UMY?
Objective of the Study
Based on the research questions above, this research is intended to discover several objectives below they are:
1. To explore the benefits that can be achieved from presenting a paper in research conferences for students at EED UMY
Significance of the Research
There are several parties that can also use this research. They are such as: Students. This research can be used by students to increase their
knowledge related to research conferences. Students can also know the benefit of presenting a research in research conferences as well as the impact of having the experience to their learning. This research can be such an external motivation for students to try new things for example through presenting research in research conference.
Lecturers. As mentor of student and stakeholder, lecturers can use this research to give student t such as an external motivation related to research activity. Lecturer also can use this research to be reference in making policy related to students’ research conference presentation if necessary to be suggested
to the students.
Other researchers. This research can be used by other researchers to support their research project. The researcher will also be very gratefull if this research can encourage other researchers to continue the study deeper. Hopefully this research can provide usefull information and actively contribute to the advancement of science.
Outline of the Research
Chapter Two Literature Review
This research is intended to study phenomenon paper presentation of EED UMY students in research conference. This chapter discusses several points such as research, research publication as well as its’ type, and overview relation research activity to university student as well as its importance. This chapter will be closed by conceptual framework to draw the overview related to objective of this research.
Research
The term of research should not be an unfamiliar mater. The term of research is something familiar whithin ourself as human being. We perform research whenever we are collecting information to help us in understanding something making decision (Turabian, 2010). We also often are collecting information in order to advance our knowledge of something (Shuttleworth, 2008). In precise, research is conducted to find out the truth that is hidden or undiscovered (Kothari & Gaurav, 2014). Thus after conducting a research we can advance our understanding toward a matter and help in making decision.
method is synthesize into steps of research includes identification of research problem, literature review, specification purpose of research, data collection, analysis and interpretation data, and making research report (Creswell, 2012). In advance, research is conducted with specific purpose not only to search the knowledge but also to find new and develop theory and improve practice (Cresswell, 2012; Musfiqin, 2012).
Based on explanation above researcher would like to conclude that in short research can be related to process of in deep study. This study is intended to find out what is not yet known. Research can be found in in everyday life when we want to know something. However the more common use of research tends to be used as a scientific term. Scientific research is research that has more clear stages, focused, and using certain methods or regulations. In essence the objective
scientific research to daily use is same however the final result is not only used for the researchers but for the greater goal to develop science.
Research Publication
Making public the result of research project is important to be conducted. Publication is a method to communicating the findings into public (Fain, 2009). Also according to Wellington & Szczerbinski (2007) as stated that a piece of research project cannot be considered complete when the findings have not been
disseminated to public so public can utilize the findings as the purpose such as
applied research as intended to influence practice in the field and theoretical
publication is a part of research phase or process that is as a completion thus a research project to be considered finish is needed to be published.
Publication of research project also will influence the development of science. According to Muninjaya (2002) the development of science will occur only if there is published research thus other researchers can conduct further assessment, improvement, or as a reference in the development of new research. The rapid development of science nowadays that is becoming a mountain of science is essentially an accumulation of research results that published and contribution of previous researchers (Hanafiah & Amir, 2007). Thus in order to support development of science, researcher has obligation to publish the result of their research.
Form of Research Publication
According to Brockopp & Hastings-Tolsma (2003) there are two form of publication research project that commonly used including written report and oral presentation.
Written Report. Written report is the very common of form of research publication. This because every process of research requires the researcher to write a report of research that is conducted. The writing research report is intended to explain readers “about what you researched, why and how you
conducted your research, and the results and your conclusions” (Burger & Els,
2004). This kind of publication is commonly distributed in the research journal, book, or newsletter (Brockopp & Hastings-Tolsma, 2003).
Advantages. According to Brockopp & Hastings-Tolsma (2003) there are two advantages of written report publication. First, written report is allows researcher to provide in depth detail of the investigation and consider the
substantial aspects of study to be written in the paper. Second, written report also allows to reach wider audience due to permanently docummented and accessible. In other word the exchange of the particular journal can be the advantage of reaching a larger audience (Fain, 2009).
Disadvantages. Sometimes a journal or book has a specific timetable in printing therefore teh probability of delay in publication can be the main
disadvantage of written report publication (Brockopp & Hastings-Tolsma, 2003). Commonly from the original date of submittion research report to the publication date take 6 months to 1 year therefore also possibility delay of receiving the feedback (Fain, 2009). This is the major disadvantage.
Oral Presentation. In professional setting, this kind of research
publication usually take place at conference or professional meeting (Brockopp & Hastings-Tolsma, 2003). Indeed a cconference is one of media to publishing the result of research project through talk-type publication. According to Sirakaya-Turk (2011) research conference is an alternative of research finding publication than journal both print or electronic that focuses on verbally.
with people who have similar interests related to latest issue at their expertise at once. According to Toth (1997) research conference is held aimed as a publication event of scientific works also to be a forum of sharing works, discussing recent issues, and exchanging informations among those who have same expertise. In line according to Frick (2008) presentation of research enables the exchange of knowledge with other researchers and assessment such as discussions,
suggestions, and criticism in order to improve the quality of the future.
When a conference is going to be held usually organizers will announce the event to the public through an announcement. This notice has commonly known as call for paper by means of as promotion of a research conference to gather prospective attendees and sponsors to the event (Anderson & Anderson, 2010). Becker (2014) also stated that call for paper is a part of the preparation of conference to be held that publishing after the theme or topic of conference has been decided when organizer required populating the speaker of conference.
Call for paper will be noticed to public through newsletter, journals, or website prior to the date approximately 6 to 9 months before (Polit & Beck, 2004). In relation to responding the invitation, researcher or prospective participant should submit proposal of their works to the committee. Request for participation is in the form an abstract consisting of 1-2 pages submitted for feasibility assessment by the committee and if the prospective participants’
proposal is accepted then will be required to send full paper of the research report consists of 1-8 pages for documentation of publication in the proceeding.
increase chance of acceptance the systematical of abstract should meet the rules and specific format that given by the organizer ( Holloway & Freshwater, 2007).
The paper that is presented in conference also will be documented in printing. Which means basically publication in research conference apart also intended to gather paper to be documented. The coalition of papers that has been presented in conference named proceeding. According to Gerrish & Lathlean (2015) participants’ work also usually not only will be presented and discussed in a conference forum but also will be published in proceeding thus their works can be widely read by them who are not attending the conference. In line according to Brockopp & Hastings-Tolsma (2003) conference proceeding is a written account of the research presentations in a booklet format aimed to increasing the audience and disseminating the findings. This is can be the plus of oral presentation
publication in the conference.
Formats. Oral presentation has various formats, according to Prinstein (2013) there are four common formats including poster, research symposia, panel discussion, and workshop.
Poster. Through poster researcher summarizes the project in an
Research Symposia. A formal forum where individuals meet and discuss
on a topic, the paper that presented around 4-6 papers delivered in 20 minutes per session representing different aspects but interrelated to the main topic. A chair will organize and lead the forum including selecting presenter, guiding topic to be presented, and discussion. A discussant will be a part of forum to give argument or comment, integrating and summarizing main point of each findings, and suggestion for further research. There is no limitation of presenters’ levels but the
chair and discussant is usually a senior researcher. The discussion with other audiences takes place after the main session finished.
Panel Discussions. This meeting is similar to research symposia where
several individuals gathered in a forum discussing a topic. But the panel
discussion tends to be semiformal, interactive and animated forum than symposia that tends to be more formal and structured. Discussant is also more flexible in giving and addressing argument or comment such as able to interject argument during discussion and prioritizing in addressing comment to each presenter. A chair also will lead and organize the forum including selecting presenter and moderating the discussion between researcher, discussant, and audiences.
Workshop. This forum typically tends to longer than symposia and panel
discussion. The session lasting longer at least 3 hours and more in depth apart of presentations presenter also providing training or practicing. Therefore the presenters are also incorporating interactive and multimedia aids to the
professionals who really understand to the topic however junior presenter who specialized in skill or knowledge can also be involved.
Advantages. Over written report through journal publication, disseminating research through oral presentation in conference has larger advantage beyond communicating the works.
Quick publication. One of purpose of publication is the finding of
researcher work can be known by public including through conference presentation (Roux, 2012). However apart of journal publication, research presentation at a meeting does not has delay between the completion of the study and time of communication to others (Polit & Beck, 2004). Therefore the
dissemination of finding can be more quickly (Gerrish & Lathlean, 2015). This can be the main advantage of publication through oral presentation at conference.
Direct feedback. In relation to the possibility of direct interaction in the
conference allows opportunity for further discussion with the audience who have the same particular interest both related to the research process and the finding (Gerrish & Lathlean, 2015). The dialogue between researcher and audience at a conference can be very valuable except the audience can directly ask for further explanation on certain point also give useful recommendations (Polit & Beck, 2004). Therefore researcher also can get direct feedback from participants to expend analysis of finding (Brockopp & Hastings-Tolsma, 2003). This is can be the second main advantage that can not be received from journal publication.
further study for advancement (Brockopp & Hastings-Tolsma, 2003), improving in writing the report or intended as journal script (Sirakaya-Turk, 2011), and can be a invaluable assist in developing the researchers’ research program for further
project (Prinstein, 2013).
Comparing and contrasting work with other. According to Roux (2012)
publication through conference presentation can provide researcher opportunity to compare and contrast their project with others and getting know a recent issue at their fields. Through this opportunity researcher also can gaining different view with others who are working on similar problem of investigation but conducted in other region of country (Polit & Beck, 2004). For the research community this opportunity can be valuable where they can advance their field better.
Building networking. Through attending a meeting researcher can meet
others who also attending the meeting. According to Prinstein (2013) this is can be a best setting for networking where in fact most of conference held for this purpose. Researcher can meet the prospective people that in the future probably can be advisor, employer, collaborator, and collegue. This is another advantage of selecting oral presentation in a conference where researcher also can expand their networking.
Disadvantages. There are some disadvantages of oral presentation publication that richer than written report through journal publication.
Anxiety. A presentation verbally can cause axiety for those who never had
can be the major problem in delivering the material succesfully to the audiences that researcher should able to maintain.
Skill requirement. Performing a presentation in conference can be a
challenge. In order to make success presentation researcher will be required to master certain presentation skills (Roux, 2012). This can be a problem for those who do not enough knowledge of how to make presentation effectively and attractively.
Time restriction. According to Brockopp & Hastings-Tolsma (2003) oral
report has time restriction which vary around 20 to 60 minutes. Therefore researcher can not provide a detail about the works. The material than can be delivered only some important aspects that contains the key elements of study.
Limited scope. Oral presentation through conference has scope limitation.
This is because a conference has limited number of participants therefore those who will be handed out the knowledge of presentation material only those who attending the conference (Brockopp & Hastings-Tolsma, 2003).
High cost. Prinstein (2013) advised publication through conference
Research at Higher Education
Research is something that cannot be separated from student during conducting education at higher education. Research also becomes one of course that provided to students’ learning program named research methodology. The
function of this course is to provide student about theoretical of research (Dariyo, 2004). After the course, student also will be required to conducting research under guidance of the supervisor from lecturer (Arifin, 2008). Commonly the research that student conducted will become students’ final project.
Research has become a part of students’ learning program at higher education does not without basis. Basically it is an application of nation mandate. This is in relation to Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi including education, research, and community service as listed in regulation number 12 year 2012 about the law on higher education in section 1 verse 9. University student is also obliged to realize because university students is a part of academic community at higher education with lecturer as the parties that mandated to realize those three points listed in verse 13 of number 12 year 2012.
The involvement of research to university students learning program is also related to students’ role. Student is nation agent of change. University student
higher education is to prepare young generation as nation agent of change. The involvement of research to students learning program at higher education is to provide student to able in carry out their function as agent of change by providing something useful to the community through the development of science.
Research in Students’ Learning Program
There are several purposes from the involvement of research into students’ learning program during conducting education at higer education. There are including part of graduation requirement, to train students’ reasoning, and to improve students’ productivity.
Part of graduation requirement. The research methodology course that is provided to student intended to give student knowledge of research both theoreticallly and practically. Mastering research methodology is one of obligation for every student. The main reason of why university student is required to have ability in conducting research is because they need to master methodology and research method because research activity takes an important place as one of graduation requirement (Martono, 2014). Therefore student who want to graduate from higher education are required to mastering reseach methodology and able to conduct a research.
To train students’ reasoning. According to Danim & Darwis (2002) university student is the intellectual thus they need to use their reasoning capacity in solving problem. The whole process research from identifying research
on is a stage that relies on capacity of reasoning. The term of reasoning in this case is not just to remembering but evaluacy which is stage of analysis. Practicing research through an independent research practice literally is to provide a learning experience to student in finding and solving problem independently using
scientific principle also as real interaction between experience, knowledge, and skill that they have acquired (Darmono & Hasan, 2002).
To improve students’ productivity. Through taking example of making final project skripsi that Darmono & Hasan (2002) defines skripsi as a scientific paper written by undergraduate student at the end of study which means logically through conducting research that indirectly student also learning how to writing scientific paper. According to Sikumbang (1981) there is several benefits of writing scientific paper includes helping to develop effective reading skill, helping to develop and formulate idea, helping to improve systematic writing skills that based on fact, helping to improve ability on locating and citing relevant literature, fifth helping acquire more knowledge, and also as form of contribution to
development of science that will be very beneficial to society. Thus through conducting research will help increasing students’ productivity in writing or
communicating their idea, mainly in written media. Importance of Research Experience to Students
Beckman & Hensel (2009) stated there 10 benefits that student can get achieved from experiencing research. They are first students can performing learning based problem that also applicable in real-life as a continuous value. Second determining and answering research question in research activity can help them to be more active in learning where they will be encouraged to be more total in learning due to full fill their curiosity. Third solving research problems can help them organize their thinking, develop creative thinking, and gain confidence in their own intellectual abilities. Fourth it can encourage students in deciding how their education going to be and prepare be to successfully compete in graduate degree. Fifth research activity will help improve students’ communication skills both oral and written through research report and presentation. Eighth
undergraduate research can foster student to be able working both collaborative and independent skills due to research practice can be in teamwork. Ninth research activity also can provide student ability that will be useful in their careers’ practice as way in finding solutions of problems. Tenth undergraduate
research activity can help student to give a valuable contribution to research community and able actively contribute.
In advance there are more of beliefes that having experience in conducting research for students is beneficial. They are including:
opportunity to understand how research works and be familiar with research and students will be more ready when research capability is required at their real job. According to a survey that conducted by Hart Research Associates (2010) that as stated many employee expected colleges to be more focus to several aspect in order to increase learning outcomes and graduate potential including written and oral communication, critical thinking and analytical reasoning, complex problem solving and analysis, teamwork skills, concept and development in science and technology which is related to research capability.
In line Erickson (2001) stated that through publishing rsearch paper and having research experience can strrength students resume and graduate school applications. In short, having experience in conducting research believed has contribution to students’ future career in through providing students decent knowledge of research that probably needed in their career. Also as a supplement of students resume.
knowledge of how to conducting research has improvement in their learning motivation to be more active in learning.
Understand student-lecturer relation. The presence of mentor in the process of conducting research has tremendous role where mentor can be the source of knowledge that student can absorb also primarily as supervisor who can give feedback of students project (Malachowski, 1996). Darmono & Hasan (2002, p. 13-15) also implies that conducting research without interference of mentor is impossible where mentor plays an important role in providing a constructive direction including technical of writing, content, and method used in student study. According to Malachowski (1996) mentoring is a term to represent a relationship between mentor and mentee that in this case relation between lecturer and university student. Therefore student can understand that a research project cannot be conducted successfully without mentor.
Help students in determining area of interest. This is because topic of research that students will chose in their research would not be out of their field. However there will be many focus area that they never imagined. Thus feature of research activity that is “the active learning element of research allows students to
make connections to their own interests that may not ordinarily be made in passive learning environment” (Erickson, 2001, p.25). Having research
experience is beneficial to university students mainly it can affect students’ development and their knowledge. They also can better understand how published works, learn to balance collaborative and individual works, determine area of their interest, and start their career as researcher ( Madan & Teitge, 2013).
Be better student. Research experience for student has greater advantage. David (2010) mentioned that shortly research experience will help student to be better student. This is because he believe that through conducting research student can learn to tolerate complex obstacle during the research process, student can understand how knowledge constructed, they can became more independent, their self-confident can be enhanced, and became more ready for their career. The short term of benefit they can get is their performance during conducting education at higher education will be better and their future also will be better prepared. Conceptual Framework
This chapter was provided as attemps of researcher to find explanation towards the objective of this research. There are two objectives of this research. They are including to explor the benefits of presenting paper in research
students’ learning at EED UMY. The relevant theory form the experts towards the
objective of this research will be elaborated below.
The first is benefit of presenting paper in research conferences. Related to this objective, clearly according to Beckman & Hansel (2009) chance to presenting the result of research can improve communication skill including oral and communication. This is also affirmed by Erickson (2001) with additional that presenting researech paper also can strengthen students’ resume. Further related to research conferences as intended as publication event where researcher disseminates their works. Students who are engaged in research conference certainly can also receive the advantages. Through research conference researcher not only can disseminate their work quickly but also can get direct feedback (Gerrish & Lathlean, 2015), get opportunity to compare and contrast with other (Roux, 2012), and build networking (Prinstein, 2013). Besides, as a meeting student can also make discussion with other and can exchange recent issue with those in the same expertise (Toth, 1997).
The second is the impact of presenting paper in research conferences. Related to this objective, the researcher refers to theory impact of research experience for students. Theoritically being involved in research activity can have impact to three things including personal, academic performance, and career preparation. First related to impact of being involved in research activity to students’ personal including increase students’ self confident and students’
learning (Beckman & Hansel, 2009; Dariyo, 2004; Turabian, 2010) also as has been studied by Kinkel & Henke (2006) revealed that students who involved research program perceived positive implication to their academic indicated on the increase of grade. Third related to career preparation students can became more ready to job that requires research capability (Turabian, 2010), support research career ( Madan & Teitge, 2013), and strengthen students resume (Erickson, 2001).
[image:30.595.112.515.443.579.2]The reviews of literature above literary can already give a picture towards the objective in this research. However the concrete evidence towards the actual outcomes that EED UMY student have achieved is still needed to be studied. Below is the figure of overview the focus study of this research.
Figure 1. Conceptual Framework.
Presenting Paper in Research Conference
Benefits of Presenting Paper in
Research Conferences
Impact of Presenting Paper in
Chapter Three Methodology
This chapter discusses methodology of this research. This chapter explains several points including research design in the beginning, followed by elaboration of setting and participant, method in collecting data, and data analysis procedure. Research Design
In order to provide the answer to the research questions in this research, qualitative approach was used as the research design. According to Creswell (2012) qualitative approach is designed to learn in deep the penomenon which raises questions or research problem directly to the participant through exploration because the concept, idea and process need to be studied. In line, Strauss &
Corbin (1990) also stated that qualitative research is research that is conducted in order to uncover and understand what lies behind a phenomenon or an event that occur for example persons experience in a matter that yet known which can be related to how or why it happened.
Qualitative approach is appropriate to be used in this research because qualitative approach has relevance to objective of this research. This research was conducted because there are several things that yet known related to the
Apart from factor objectives, other method in qualitative approach is also appropriate to this research. They are including method in determining participant, collecting the data, and method of data analysis that is also applicable to this research. Shortly a brief research design of this study is pictured in figure below:
Figure 2. Research Design.
Setting and Participant
The fundamental of this research is to study phenomenon that happened among several students at EED UMY students, therefore the setting of this research is clear that is conducted in EED UMY. Regarding to the recruitment of respondents in this research researcher is using purposive sampling technique. According to Satori & Komariah (2014) purposive sampling is a technique in determining research subject according to research objectives and based on researcher own considerations that the chosen subjects meet the needs of researcher and representative.
Qualitative
Open Coding Research Design
Interview Students Collection
Method
Data Analysis Axial Coding
Systematically, before determining the respondent, firstly the researcher was collecting information to clarify the phenomenon and map the poppulation. The researcher was directly contacting the students who identified ever presenting paper in research conference to gathered information related to their student number, frequency of presentation, name of the event, place of the event, year of presentation, and title of their paper. They also asked whether there are other students who also known have made the presentation. Researcher noted that the overall number of students at EED UMY who ever presenting paper in research conferences within year 2011 to 2015 were 23 students.
The amounts of students who used as the participants in this research were 6 students. These 6 students were selected because they were accessible and agree to be the participants of this research. The researcher was also considering that they can already become the representative of population and able to provide needed information. They were including 2 students of bach 2010, 2 students of batch 2011, one student of batch 2012, and one students of batch 2013. They consist of 3 male students and 3 female students. Related to frequency of
presentation, 4 of the respondents were they who ever presenting paper in research conference more than once and the other 2 students only once.
Data Collection Methods
information by asking questions and receiving answers format (Marvasti, 2004). According to Musfiqin (2012) interview is an interactive communication between researcher and informants in order to gathering data or information related to idea, concept, or in deep experience from the choosen informants. Simply interview is a data collection technique in form of direct conversation between researcher and choosen informant in order to learn informant view of subject study in depth.
In this research, during the interview the participants were asked several questions related to objective in this research. Respondents answered the
questions based on their own perspective. The list of questions constructed with consideration able to gather information that can complete this research.
Respondents were interviewed one by one in order to make the interview more focus and free from interference of others. The interview delivered in Bahasa Indonesia aimed to minimize missunderstanding. During interview the
conversation between the researcher and respondent were recorded with tape recorder to capture conversations and simplify the data analysis.
member checking was not necessary to be conducted because all of respondents were agreed and believed to the researcher interpretation.
Data Analysis
Data analysis is one of the most important parts in research activity. At this stage, the researcher processes the obtained data in order to reveal the
meaning to find answers to research questions. In this research, the researcher was using coding procedure to analyzed collected data and organized the information. According to Strauss & Corbin (1990) coding is a procedure in qualitative
approach that usually used in grounded theory principle to analyze collected information. There are three step of analysiss including first is open coding which it’s concerned to breaking down, examining, comparing, conceptualizing, and
categorizing data, second is axial coding means categorizing open coding result into categories that has been determined, and the third is selective coding which means a process in selecting core category and relating other categories into it systematically then validating those relationships, and filling in categories that need further refinement and development.
Chapter Four Finding and Discussion
This chapter contains the findings of investigation that has been conducted through interview. The findings are the answer to two objectives of this research. They are including answer to benefits of presenting a paper in research and impacts of presenting a paper in research conferences for students’ learning at EED UMY. The quotations of respondents’ statement in the interview are included as evidence of the findings.
Finding on Benefit of Presenting a Paper in Research Conferences for Students at EED UMY
The first objective of this research is to find out the benefits of presenting a paper in research conferences for students at EED UMY. The finding revealed that there were three main benefits that could be achieved from presenting a paper in research conferences. First is enriching experience in terms of experience in conducting research, travelling, delivering presentation in front of forum, participating conferences, and meeting prospective people. Second is increasing knowledge in terms of knowledge in teaching and learning English, cross cultural understanding, and research methodology. Third is supporting future career.
Finding 1: Enriching experience. The first finding about benefit that can be achieved from presenting a paper in research conferences is enriching
The findings also revealed the kind of experience that can be achieved from presenting a paper in research conferences. They are including experience in 1) delivering presentation in front of forum, 2) travelling, 3) conducting research, 4) participating in conferences, and 5) meeting prospective people.
Delivering presentation in front of forum. Related to benefit about experience in presentation in front of forum, there were two respondents who mentioned this point. They stated as following:
Related to experience of course my experience can be more. Maybe it will be different from my friends who have not participated call for paper eee how really to do presentation in front of people ya ya even though it may be not a good experience but it was eee process of learning. So by
participating call for paper I have been thought how to do presentation also experiencing in practicing it so I can learn so it can be a new lesson that is the most important. (Respondent 1, 2016)
About the benefit there is some, firstly got experience speaking in front of big forum especially a forum international like that then accidental
somehow I got the main hall, lot of foreign experts so it became very valuable experience that unforgettable like that. (Respondent 5, 2016)
Travelling. Related to benefit of experience in travelling was only
mentioned by one of the respondents. Respondent 1 stated, ”then I also got travel experience that I had never visiting Lampung then because I was following call for paper then I can go to Lampung for free so this is becoming an excitement for me” (Respondent 1, 2016).
Respondent 1 statement above could be indicated that a conferences can be held anywhere where required the participant to travel to reach the venue.
Accordingly, through presenting paper in research conferences can be a chance to be able visiting place that had never visited before.
Conducting research. Related to benefit of experience in conducting research, there were two respondents who mentioned this point. They stated as following:
Then secondly is my experience to the research itself. So due to
participating the event I have to conducting research eee so the proses in order to be able perform there presenting the result so I already conducting research nah then because of that I got experience about how to research. (Respondent 5, 2016))
Yes I have one step ahead than my friends means I'm still in semester 5 has not been taught how to conducting research eeee structure of paper and so on. So when I was participated it there was consultation with lecturer so then I get one step faster than my friends like that. (Respondent 6, 2016)
to submit the paper of their research. For those who had never conducted research certainly can be a chance to experience in conducting research. As Brockopp & Hastings-Tolsma (2003) stated presentation can have an opportunity to lean how to conduct research in better way because researchers might get feedback.
Participating in conferences. Related to benefit of experience in
participating conferences, there was only one of the respondents who mentioned this point. Respondent 6 stated as following:
Eeee firstly because the name of conference is about youth so I thought all of the participants will be youth all of them young eee but when I came there I did not find any single person of S1 students but turns out all of them has higher level that made me afraid. Because only us who were from S1 then yaa just tried to adapt with them. So it was impressed eeee experience that I never expected. (Respondent 6, 2016)
The statement above indicated respondent 6 apparently had never
participating conferences. As entitled as youth conferences the respondent thought the event would be attended by students. However turned out there were no undergraduate students who attended the conferences. The moment had become an unexpected experience for the respondent.
I can share experience sharing problem with teachers over there. And also expand my link. There is lecturers from here from here that suggest me to take study at certain college then lot of resources that I got, I had given some resources form oorr ee a lecture form Thailand who gave me some resources it really beneficial to my learning. (Respondent 2, 2016)
Nah beside that also I got many link. Meet lecturers, we can make
discussion with them, they also give us advice to take eeee what is it much higher degree like that so sharing with them. (Respondent 6, 2016)
Statement of three respondents above indicated that presenting paper in research conferences can be a chance to making interaction with other participants who attend. The meeting can be a valuable opportunity. Through presenting paper in research conference can gain more friends, expand link, and opportunity to meet intelectuals. For students, the opportunity to be able meet teacher and
lecturer is definitely beneficial where students can make discussion with them, get advice for the study, and receive something such as resources that can support students’ learning.
Based on the elaboration of the finding above can be seen that through presenting a paper in research conferences can certainly also give benefits to students. For instance the findings showed that through presenting paper in research conference that they could have experience in speaking in front of forum when delivering their work, travelling when reach the venue of event, meeting the prospective people that gave them many benefits, and related to conference participation itself. Clearly in their statements, what they had achieved mostly they had never experienced before or achieved in general teaching and learning activity in the class. The experience couls also be learning to students.
Finding 2: Increasing knowledge. The finding revealed that presenting a paper in research knowledge can also increasing knowledge. Respondent 1 stated, “then I got knowledge mas from listening and attending other presenters’
presentation” (Respondent 1, 2016). Based on respondent 1 statement, one of way
the knowledge can be derived from presenting paper in research conferences is through listening and attending another researcher presentation.
The finding also revealded some kinds of knowledge that respondents had achieved including 1) knowledge of teaching and learning English, 2) cross cultural understanding, and 3) research methodology.
I can know ooh there are many of creative people in this world especially in Asia. There is lot of teaching method that I don’t know before and I only found out when I attended the conference. (Respondent 2, 2015)
My idea about world of English education language became widen, when first came probably I only brought my own idea but when I was there I have listen and there are so many others idea, various problems so my insight about the world English education language became widen. (Respondent 3, 2016)
When I was there yes I have more open-minded nah I received various kind of input from different view about English either about teaching or linguistic because it was an international scale yes there are many view presented from country, region, or culture. (Respondent 5, 2016)
Then the most interesting thing ya knowledge about how standard English in china, the problems that exist in China. And about language test in China that very different with test in Indonesia like that. Became able to distinguish between standard English in Indonesia and China. (Respondent 6, 2016)
relevant to them as students of English education department and valuable for them.
Cross cultural understanding. Related to knowledge in cross cultural understanding there was only one of the respondents who mentioned this benefit. Respondent 4 stated as following:
Because the scale of this conference is international then automatically we interact with people outside of Indonesia so not only sharing or discussing about education but also sharing each other culture eee our culture like this the back to education that the schools education system at our county like this bla bla then while at us like this. So we can tell ooo then turn out there are several things or point that can be taken that probably can be applied in our place and also there are things that probably better than at their place because each country has their own education system.
(Respondent 4, 2016)
Statement of respondent 4 above indicated through presenting paper in conferences had become an opportunitye to meet others who also attended the conferences from around the world. The meeting became e chance to exchange information and get to know the culture of other countries. The meeting also became a place to comparing the effectiveness of a system and attaining idea that probably can be implemented in the original country. Therefore through
Research methodology. The finding revealed that from presenting paper in research conferences, respondents had achieved knowledge related to how to conducting research. There were two of the respondents who mentioned this point. They stated as following:
I became know how to conducting a research because at that time I have not received research methodology course nah so I already know how yaa I knew little ee about how to conducting research such as about the method like qualitative and quantitative and mix then how to performing interview and what meant by coding. (Respondent 2, 2016)
For example how to conducting research itself in detail ee technicality how to write a research then eee constructing idea until gathering the data until writing the data until how to present. So this knowledge is really practical for me and very beneficial. (Respondent 3, 2016)
Yes I have one step ahead than my friends, means I'm still in semester 5 has not been taught how to conducting research eeee structure of paper and so on. So when I was participating it there was consultation with lecturer so then I get one step faster than my friends like that. (Respondent 6, 2016)
Based on the elaboration above related to benefit of presenting paper in research conferences indicated that respondents had attaining more knowledge. According to Osborn & Karukstis (2009) the involvement in research beneficial students to gains in knowledge both in mastering content and contextual of the knowledge that the intelectual improvements measured by self-resported. In this case, respondents statement above can be their self-report of the presence improvement in their intlectual. For instance students became know various method in teaching English, better knowing the cultural adversity, and attaining gain in understanding towards reserch methodology. Therefore through presenting paper in research conferences certainly can enrich students knowledge.
Finding 3: Supporting future career. The finding revealed that
presenting a paper in research conferences can be an opportunity to support future career. The form of support that can be achieved from presenting a paper in research conferences is through certificate of participation. Respondent 1 stated, “Then that also important, I got certificate that when I apply job it can be an
enclosure to convince leader of (company or institution) that I applied” (Respondent 1, 2016).
The finding is in line with Erickson (2001), “published research papers and research experiences strenghten students’ resumes and graduate school
applications” (p.25). Which means the certificate of participation can be an
evidence of having experience in research and ever publishing the paper. This is can strenghth the curriculum vitae. Certainly having certificate of participation can be a plus to process of job application in case the institution or company that gives attention to the applicant who has experience in scientific activities. Also to scholarship application as when required too.
Related to the need of employe toward the applicant who have research competence also has been surveyed. According to a survey that conducted by Hart Research Associates (2010) that many employee expected colleges to be more focus to several aspect in order to increase learning outcomes and graduate potential including written and oral communication, critical thinking and analytical reasoning, complex problem solving and analysis, teamwork skills, concept and development in science and technology. Therefore through presenting paper in research conferences can definitely support students’ future career.
Finding on Impact of Presenting a Paper in Research Conferences to
Students’ Learning at EED UMY
The second objective of this skripsi is to find out the impact of presenting a paper to students’ learning at EED UMY. The finding revealed there were three
Finding 1: Increasing self-confident. The finding revealed that through presenting a paper in research conferences, respondents have received
improvement in their self-confidence. There were three respondents who mentioned this point. Respondent 3 stated, “I became more confident because I was able to presenting it at conference which means there is confident arise” (Respondent 3, 2016). While other respondents, they stated as following:
Increasing self-confident. Nah previously I thought that people who participating call for paper what is it eeee mostly lecturer and of course they are great but apparently there is also another student (Respondent 2, 2016)
One more thing is confidence. Because there is a point we feel confident because already has the experience even though not much. I mean already have something nah because already has experience that can be shared. Nah the confident here because has something that can be shared, due to participating the conference so I could have more insight than before that I can share it to friends. (Respondent 4, 2016)
The statements of three respondents above clearly indicated that respondents felt their confidence increased because they had put a believe to themselves. Therefore they had a strong willingness to presenting paper in research conferences and they could do the presentation in conference
The finding is in line with some theory. Through research activity believed has implication to students self-confident (Beckman & Hansel, 2009). The
enhancement of self-confident is a part of impact of research activity towards personal development (David, 2010). According to Osborn & karukstis (2009) growth to students' personal are commonly recognized from the involvement to research reflected from non-cognitive behavior including improvement of attitudes, values, aspirations, and beliefs. Related to finding respondents have beliefs to their own ability and can obtain a success in presenting their paper in research conferences. Therefore presenting a paper in research conferences as part of research activity can improve self-confident.
Finding 2: Improving communication skill. The finding revealed that through presenting a paper in research conferences, respondents had received improvement in their communication skill. There were three of the respondents who mentioned this implication. They stated as following:
Able to develop how to perform a good presentation because from previous seminars I have seen dozens presentation that I thought some of them good and not nah so I filtered them then studied how to make slide, how to make and perform an attractive presentation that what I have got. (Respondents 2, 2016)
The implication to writing we can know how to write because previously I did not know how to write like that even to write a sentence in the
be elaborated in writing but also in the presentation nah then we can know how to perform correct presentation. What should be put in from 15 pages of paper so will be impossible if we put all of them in which means we should be able to summarize those 15 pages probably into 10 to 15 minutes presentation so we can know how to present it. (Respondent 3, 2016)
We know that presentation is showing the slide then present like that right? But when we were participated it we can see many kind of people who do presentation. We can see oooh this is how a good presentation look like. There may also improperly oooh why like this so do not be taken. Ooo the presentation of people who have high level experience their presentation is like this. Presentation that can get more people to listen is like this. Nah then it was affecting, my presentation is needed to be corrected this
anyway. So that previously only know the presentation was just like that. I can know more which one presentation that can attract the audience like that. ( Respondent 4, 2016)
The finding is related to some of theory. Erickson (2001) stated,”Writing and presentation skills improve as students present their work at conferences and poster sessions” (p.25). In line, according to Beckman & Hansel (2009) the opportunity to present the result of students’ research work can have contribution
to students’ oral and written communication skill. Therefore the finding is
relevant. Based on the finding the development of writing can be derived from the process of writing the paper where student can learn how to write. The
development of oral presentation can be derived from presenting the paper in research conference where student can also have opportunity to see and study how the expert in doing their presentation.
Finding 3: Enhancing academic performance. The finding revealed that the respondents who have experience in presenting paper in research conference have been receiving improvement in their academic performance. There were 4 kinds of respondents’ improvement related to academic performance including 1) increasing learning motivation, 2) better knowing subject study, 3) improving English competency, 4) improving teaching practice, and 5) get ease in finishing final project skripsi.
not found any obstacle” (Respondent 2, 2016). While other respondents, they stated as following:
In subject academic presentation what is it making presentation like that so it is a familiar matter for me like that I have done it many times not only in the front of lecturers at EED but also foreign lecturer so that what I
thought influenced. (Respondent 1, 2016)
Then in subject research method where required student to be able in conducting research, writing paper so in my opinion has been help ease me because I have done it when my friends found it difficult but I have got used to. (Respondent 1, 2016))
I have been experience in the lecture about research methodology that many of my friend who struggle in understanding but I am not. They seem feel struggle in receiving the material because ya research is difficult so they seem struggle. Then many of them asked me because probably they know I already ever conducting research like that for international event. So it is like sharing my knowledge with them. (Respondent 5, 2016) The statement of three respondents above indicated they were became better in subject including research methodology and academic presentation. Related to research methodology course, respondent became easier in
Increasing learning motivation. Related to impact to learning motivation, there was only of the respondents who mentioned this point. Respondent 1 stated as following:
So I feel what is it so I became more confident in front of my friends so they assume that I can whereas we are still learning but what happened at that time I was motivated to keep studying because I have considered capable by friends because of my presentation experience in call for paper presentation so I learned. I also have been treated by my lecturers well. So that motivated me to be better. (Respondent 1, 2016)
Statement above indicated that the increasement of respondent 1 learning encouragement achieved from the outside. It is the appreciation from friends and lecturer towards respondent 1 achievement of the paper presentation in research conferences. From the statement can also be seen that research still tends to a prestigious activity among students. The presumption of people around
respondent 1 in the department encourages her to be more believed within self that motivated to study better. The finding revealed that presenting a paper in research conferences has been encouraged one of the respondents in learning.
Improving teaching practice. Related to impact to teaching practice, there was only one of the respondents who mentioned this finding. Respondent 4 stated as following:
character like this like this so I remember oh yes same as has been described nah the way to overcome it like this so I can know that. (Respondent 4, 2016)
When I was teaching maybe after the teaching finish ya finish right but after attending conference nah turned out when we teach that we can apply games nah what kind of games are they nah there are some that I got form attending the conference that I tried what is it to apply when I was teaching like that. (Respondent 4, 2016))
Ya there is because my study is in education ya when I was teaching eee I encounter there were some of students or situation of the class that cannot be handled. But because I already know how to encounter it ya very influenced very helpful. (Respondent 4, 2016)
Statement above indicated respondent 4 had received improvement in teaching performance. Such as when facing the situation in teaching respondent 4 became able to handle it. Respondent 4 also became able in vary the teaching such as by giving games. This was because respondent 4 had received the knowledge from sharing in the research conferences. Therefore through presenting paper in research conference can improve the teaching practice.
Increasing English proficiency. Related to impact to respondents English proficiency, all of the respondents mentioned this point. The finding revealed the improvement related to four language skill and understanding of the use
Surely my writing was not directly incorporated into the proceeding but firstly will be reviewed by the reviewer so I was needed to enhance my writing skill. Speaking so I needed to learn the proper speaking in front of other people, expert who all of them are fluent in English. Listening because of I also listen to their presentation so it also train my listening ability mas. Reading also due to writing a paper I needed good reading ability to read at least 10 articles or journals that I should read to it also train me to how to done effective reading like that. So of course my skill in developed. (Respondent 1, 2016)
Listening because I have to listen various kind of persons’ presentation
with various accents that they have. Writing I had trained by my lecture so I had to finish it due to deadline so I needed to be faster in gathering references, and also should read more than my friends who did not participating because I had to read reference for eeee additional my literature review. Speaking also I felt very increased because I can do my presentation in front of my people in fact eee they were not from Indonesia and they can understand what I said so that was made me quite happy. (Respondent 2, 2016)
reading ya I thought our reading skill is required but for listening was not so. (Respondent 3, 2016)
Why writing? Because we write ya call for paper is writing. Why reading? How can we write if we had not read? Why speaking? How can we deliver what we find if we are not speaking right? Now listening how we can accept the inputs if we cannot listen what people said properly. Because our unifying language at that time was English so then unavoidably right. Because of the culture was different like that even though from the same region but still needed to use the English right. (Respondent 4, 2016)
First the most noticed is about writing. So how do I have to write academically, write a research, how to construct a structured idea or opinion then eee how I should support my idea with existing theory because when it comes to research that the choice of words or how the delivery language style or writing style is little bit different. Reading on how I understand a reading of journals or articles written by the experts. So sometimes there is a notion eee their idea was hidden so did not
Writing knowing the use of language function language structure in of paper like that…the language should be appropriate eee with conference
language not daily uses language. Reading we can find new words to add our vocabulary this word cannot be used. Because based on the supporting papers that they did not use that word rather that the appropriate one. Listening ya more to hear new words such as the when a person asked the professor and lecturer did not use simple languages like that. Speaking ya because we are in s conference automatically we should not use simple vocabulary. So I learn from it all of them was related. (Respondent 6, 2016)
Based on the statement of respondents above indicated that mainly the factor that causing the improvement to respondents’ English proficiency was because of the situation that required them to increase their ability. In relation English was the only unify language in the event. Therefore they were needed to increase their English capability especially related to the four language skill. First writing so their paper could be accepted in the conferences and meet the standard of scientific writing. Second listening so they could understand what was
Ease in process of making skripsi. Related to the impact to the process of making skripsi, there were five of the respondents who mentioned this
implication. They stated as following:
The making skripi ooo there really is mas, so because I’ve ever followed call for paper Alhamdulillah I also became a part of person that earliest graduated in PBI mas so I am a part of earliest wave. (Respondent 1, 2016) So I was working on skripsi that is a survey with 248 respondents in various schools where it can be finished so I thought it such a reward or the easiness that I get when I used to bother learning to write paper so I thought it is. (Respondent 1, 2016)
In the making of skripsi because methodologically also alhamdulillah I have learned it before so I can more early in writing the skripsi.
(Respondent 2, 2016)
So because my skripsi is not much different from what I've eee ever submitted to the seminar so for the resources so I do not have to search all over again because it has been collected only adding some that is needed. So it could be faster. (Respondent 2, 2016)
