DAMPAK-lingkungan-akibat-sampah (1).ppt

DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN

DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN

Vs.

Vs.

SAMPAH

SAMPAH

Oleh:

Oleh:

PM PSLP PPSUB

PM PSLP PPSUB

Soemarno, 2011

Soemarno, 2011

P!MASALAHAN

P!MASALAHAN

LINGKUNGAN AKIBA"

LINGKUNGAN AKIBA"

SAMPAH

SAMPAH

KSHA"AN

KSHA"AN

LINGKUNGAN#

LINGKUNGAN#

MAS$A!AKA"

MAS$A!AKA"

KUALI"AS

KUALI"AS

LINGKUNGAN

LINGKUNGAN

%ISIKO&KIMIA

%ISIKO&KIMIA

KUALI"AS

KUALI"AS

LINGKUNGAN

LINGKUNGAN

BIOLOGI

BIOLOGI

P!MASALAHAN

P!MASALAHAN

LINGKUNGAN AKIBA"

LINGKUNGAN AKIBA"

SAMPAH

SAMPAH

KSHA"AN

KSHA"AN

LINGKUNGAN#

LINGKUNGAN#

MAS$A!AKA"

MAS$A!AKA"

KUALI"AS

KUALI"AS

LINGKUNGAN

LINGKUNGAN

%ISIKO&KIMIA

%ISIKO&KIMIA

KUALI"AS

KUALI"AS

LINGKUNGAN

LINGKUNGAN

BIOLOGI

BIOLOGI

SAMPAH '

SAMPAH '

BAHAN $ANG "IDAK

BAHAN $ANG "IDAK

B!GUNA

B!GUNA

SAMPAH ' SUMB!DA$A

SAMPAH ' SUMB!DA$A

KONOMI

KONOMI

BUANGLAH

BUANGLAH

SAMPA

SAMPA

H

H

PADA "MPA"N$A

PADA "MPA"N$A

KUMPULKAN SAMPAH

KUMPULKAN SAMPAH

PADA "MPA"N$A

PADA "MPA"N$A

PN(MA!AN UDA!A AKIBA" SAMPAH

BAU BUSUK

ASAP ,

BIO&GAS

&B!BAHA$A

1. "e)ra *loro e)+len  *loro-orm : %e)o&)o*s+* 

2. Benene  Me)+l&e)+l&*e)on

: m/r+o&)o*s+* 

. Me)+len&*lor+a, Kloro&/enene: Per*em/anan 3an+n

4. (H4 &&&&&& (O2 &&&&&& H2(O

NH &&&&&& NH4NO

H53an Asam

H2S &&&&&& H2SO4

6. Ba5 B5s5* sam7ah

: Dam7a* emos+onal mas8ara*a)

1. "e)ra *loro e)+len  *loro-orm : %e)o&)o*s+* 

2. Benene  Me)+l&e)+l&*e)on

: m/r+o&)o*s+* 

. Me)+len&*lor+a, Kloro&/enene: Per*em/anan 3an+n

4. (H4 &&&&&& (O2 &&&&&& H2(O

NH &&&&&& NH4NO

H53an Asam

H2S &&&&&& H2SO4

K5r9a -5ns+onal O  V Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0 V+s5al <5al+)8

Hea98 Moera)e (lear

  7oll5)+on

KUALI"AS UDA!A: ODO!  VISUAL

sampah

Pleasan) oor La=*+n oor disagreeable

K5r9a -5ns+onal >M+=ros=ale? Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0 100 200 00 400 !a)aan 24 3am > #m_?

KUALI"AS UDA!A: PA!"IKULA"

K5r9a -5ns+onal >M+=ros=ale? Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0. 0.4

!a)aan  3am >0;.00 & 0@.00?, 77m

KUALI"AS UDA!A : HID!OKA!BON

K5r9a -5ns+onal >M+=ros=ale? Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0 10 20 0 40 60 Konsen)ras+ 1 3am , 77m

KUALI"AS UDA!A : (A!BON MONOKSIDA

K5r9a -5ns+onal >M+=ros=ale? Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.06 0.10 0.16 Ann5al a9erae , 77m

KUALI"AS UDA!A : OKSIDA NI"!OGN

SAMPAH

DKOMPOSISI

LINDI

>LA(HA"?

MN$UMBA"

SALU!AN AI! 

BOD & (OD

NI"!OGN

%OS%A"

PN(MA!AN AI! 

BANI! 

SIKLUS KA!BON

(O2 UDA!A ( Anoran+*  ( %+)o7lan*)on (&oran+* sol5/le >De)r+)5s? ( oo7lan*)on

(

Se+men

(&oran+* s5s7en. >De)r+)5s?

SAMPAH

SAMPAH

KISA!AN DO DALAM AI! NO!MAL: C.1 & 14.; 77m

K5r9a -5ns+onal DO Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0 2 4 ;  77m DO @ 77m : 3en5h

Sam7ah

K5r9a -5ns+onal BOD Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0 10 20 0 40 60 ;0 C0 77m BOD a5 * 

KUALI"AS AI!: BOD

S5na+

Sam7ah

K5r9a -5ns+onal Kaar N&anoran+*  Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0 1 2 4 ;  10

KUALI"AS AI!: N& ANO!GANIK 

SIKLUS P DALAM P!AI!AN

ar+na n )anama n ar+na n /+na)an  DIP P& anoran+* lar5)

Ba)5a

n

-os-a)

SDIMN _ar+na n

Bakteri

POP  DOP 7ar)+=5la)e  +ssol9e SAMPAH SAMPAH

K5r9a -5ns+onal Kaar P&anoran+*  Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.02 0.04 0.0; 0.0 0.10 77m P

KUALI"AS AI!: %OS%A"& ANO!GANIK 

K5r9a -5ns+onal "U!BIDI"AS Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0 20 40 ;0 0 100 120 140

Sa)5an "5r/++)as a=*son

KUALI"AS AI!: "U!BIDI"AS

K5r9a -5ns+onal (ol+-orm Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0 101 ₁₀2 ₁₀ ₁₀4 ₁₀6 ₁₀; MPN#100 ml

KUALI"AS AI!: (OLI%O!M

K5r9a -5ns+onal Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0

None L+h) Moera)e Hea98

%loa)+n ma)er+al

KUALI"AS AI!:

ODO!  %LOA"ING MA"!IAL

sam7ah

La=*+n oor No)+=ea/le

K5r9a -5ns+onal Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0

S)a)+= Slo Moera)e Eh+)ea)er

%lo =hara=)er+s)+=s

KUALI"AS S""IKA AI!:

Ea)er a77earan=e

sam7ah

Moera)e )5r/+

(lear

GANGGUAN KSHA"AN LINGKUNGAN

SAMPAH

SAMPAH

"IKUS

LALA",  N$AMUK 

K(OAK 

(A(ING

MIK!OBA

DAU! ULANG SAMPAH ANO!GANIK 

Ker)as, *ar5s, *are), 7las)+*,

elas, loam, ll

B!NILAI KONOMI

Bahan /a*5 7roses 7ro5*s+

Pro5* F

P!ODUK F

Bahan /a*5 Proses 7ro5*s+

Pro5* $

SAMPAH O!GANIK 

PNGOLAHAN

PNGOMPOSAN

MNGU!ANGI SUMB! SAMPAH

!($(LING

US  !US

!KLAMASI

P!ODU(" (HANG SOU!( (ON"!OL INPU" MA"!IAL (HANG   OOD OPERATIN PRACTICES TECHNOLO Y

PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH

adalah pengumpulan , pengangkutan , pemr!e!an , pendaur"ulangan , atau pem#uangan dar$ mater$al !ampah%

Pengert$an $n$ #$a!an&a menga'u pada mater$al !ampah &g d$ha!$lkan dar$ keg$atan manu!$a, dan #$a!an&a d$kella

untuk mengurang$ dampakn&a terhadap ke!ehatan, l$ngkungan atau ke$ndahan%

Pengellaan !ampah (uga d$lakukan untuk memul$hkan !um#er da&a alam %

Pengellaan !ampah #$!a mel$#atkan )at padat , 'a$r , ga! , atau rad$akt$* dengan metda dan keahl$an khu!u! untuk

Sumber: http://duniarumah.blogspot.com/2010/10/apa-itu-pengolahan-sampah.html

Hierarchy of aste !anagement

http://""".en#irocentre.ie/$ontent.asp%&'()*+,,0+-

 bc0-,fa-*e+-cb+,d*+0*'()1accea-eec,-,cdf-b0,-ceeacb,d

3he 45 concept of a "aste management hierarchy6 "hereby "aste pre#ention and re-use are #ie"ed as the

most desirable options for managing "astes "ith the

least desirable option considered being landfill. 3he o#erall intent of these  policy statements is to mo#e

'rish "aste management a"ay from landfill into those

options that feature in the upper echelons of the

(7!4S3'$ 8S34S 89( 834 7;;53'79

(omestic "aste is classified as a  point source of pollution6 because

the "aste"ater from homes and commercial establishments is often

directly emitted into bodies of "ater.

(omestic "aste can #ary from cleaning products6 to household

things used by regular people. 3hese pollutants can pose a high risk on a large scale. hen these domestic liter is mi%ed in "ith the

clean en#ironment6 the pollution and our "ater can be combined

into a #ery deadly mi%.

4ffects of "ater pollution are the death of marine organisms

in ri#ers and oceans <this may be due to lack of o%ygen6

destruction of habitat6 not enough food6 lack of sunlight6

etc.=. hen our "aters are polluted6 this can threaten our

li#ing.

!any diseases "ill come "ith drinking unpure- "ater or

s"imming in to%ic "ater. Such health problems may be

 blood disease6 heart disease6 ner#ous system disorders6

diarrhea6 skin lesions6 and #omiting in humans.

(7!4S3'$ 8S34S 89( 834 7;;53'79

4utrophication occurs "hen large >uantities of nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates enter an a>uatic en#ironment. Sources of these nutrients include animal "astes6 agricultural runoff6 and se"age. 3he ecosystem >uickly

e%periences an increase in  photosynthetic and blue-green algae6 as these organisms thri#e in

the presence of the added nutrients. 8n algae bloom occurs

as the algae accumulates into dense6 #isible patches near the surface of the "ater6 prohibiting

light from penetrating deeper areas of lake or stream. Some fish

are unable to sur#i#e "ithout this light6 but for them an e#en more serious problem arises "hen the

(ON"!OLLING U"!OPHI(A"ION

3he follo"ing is a list of methods that can be used to control

eutrophication:

1.planting #egetation along streambeds to slo" erosion and absorb

nutrients

2.controlling application amount and timing of fertili?er

.controlling runoff from feedlots

,.researching use of biological controls@ for e%ample6 the process of

denitrification uses speciali?ed bacteria that con#ert nitrates to