Application of Mycorhiza Arbuscular Dosage and Organic Fertilizer to Produce Off-season Fruit of Salak Gula Pasir (Salacca zalaccavar. Gulapasir)
by
Rai, I. N.*, C.G.A. Semarajaya*, W. Wiraatmaja*, N. K. Alit Astiari**, and N. G. Astawa*,
*) Departement of Agroecotechnology Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University **) Departement of Agrotechnology Faculty of Agriculture, Warmadewa University
ABSTRACT
APPLICATION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORHIZA DOSAGE
AND ORGANIC FERTILIZER TO PRODUCE OFF-SEASON
SNAKE FRUIT
(
SALACCA ZALACCA
VAR. GULAPASIR)
by:
I N. Rai
C. G. Alit Semarajaya
I Wayan Wiraatmaja
Ni Komang Alit Astiari
I Nyoman Gede Astawa
INTRODUCTION
Naturally flowering of “Gula Pasir snake fruit”
occurs once every three months or 4 times a
year
, but only one to two of flower season succeeds
to become fruit
(Rai
et al.,
2010)
.
Failure of fruit-set causes the fruit harvest
Failure of fruit-set causes the fruit harvest
seasonally
.
Production quantities accumulate only during
the harvest time (
on-season
)
unbalance
supply-demand
not favourable in terms of
INTRODUCTION
UNSUCCESSFULLY OF FRUIT-SET CAUSED BY:
Low leaf water content due to low precipitation and the
plant not irrigated.
Low nutrition in the leaf (low content of N, P, K) due to low
soil fertility (Rai
et al.,
2010).
soil fertility (Rai
et al.,
2010).
Flower lack of photosyntathe indicated by low content of
sucrose, low total sugar and low R-sugar (Rai
et al
., 2011).
The research aims were to overcome the failure of
fruit-set
by using arbuskular mykorhiza dosage and organic
MATERIALS AND METHOD
Field experiment was carried out at the production center
of snake fruit in Bali i.e. in Bebandem District
, Karangasem
Regency, from April to October 2014 (in two seasons
production: Gadu and Sela II)
Fifteen years old of snake fruit cultivars
with similar growth
vigor were selected for this experiment.
Fifteen years old of snake fruit cultivars
with similar growth
vigor were selected for this experiment.
The study design was randomized complete Block design with
two factors, i.e
. factor of dose of arbuscular mykorhiza (0,
25, 50, and 75 g/plant) and organic fertilizers (goat
manure, compost, and leaf litter/control)
.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Percentage of fruit-set, number of flower and fruit bunches per plant
Treatment
Persentage of
fruit-set (%)
Number of flowers
bunches per plant
Number of fruit
bunches per plant
Gadu
Sela II
Gadu
Sela II
Gadu
Sela II
Organic Fertilizers
Goat manure
65.19 a
88.96 a
5.25 a
3.94 a
3.31 a
3.38 a
Goat manure
65.19 a
88.96 a
5.25 a
3.94 a
3.31 a
3.38 a
Compost
69.35 a
83.65 a
4.44 b
3.63 a
3.00 a
2.94 a
Leaf litter
66.88 a
76.67 a
4.50 b
4.00 a
2.94 a
3.00 a
LSD
10,07
15,04
0,66
0,71
0,48
0,50
Mycorhiza dosage
0 g/plant
59.58 b
77.78 a
4.83 a
3.67 a
2.83 a
2.75 a
25 g/plant
65.67 ab
83.19 a
4.92 a
4.00 a
3.17 a
3.17 a
50 g/plant
66.07 ab
85.42 a
4.83 a
3.83 a
3.08 a
3.17 a
75 g/plant
77.22 a
85.97 a
4.33 a
3.92 a
3.25 a
3.33 a
LSD
11,63
17,37
0,77
0,82
0,55
0,59
RWC of leaves, chlorophyll content, and weight of fruit
bunches per plant
Treatment
RWC of
leaves (%)
Chlorophyll
content (SPAD)
Weight of fruit
per plant
Gadu
Sela II
Gadu
Sela II
Gadu
Sela II
Organic Fertilizers
Goat manure
82.91 a
87.81 a
85.53 a
89.92 a
(783.03) 24,81 a
(338.53) 14,49 a
Compost
83.13 a
89.56 a
86.62 a
93.81 a
(661.87) 22,21 a
(375.99) 15,15 a
Leaf litter
82.47 a
84.31 b
83.22 a
84.89 b
(598.86) 21,92 a
(398.02) 16,01 a
Leaf litter
82.47 a
84.31 b
83.22 a
84.89 b
(598.86) 21,92 a
(398.02) 16,01 a
LSD
4,55
3,26
5,39
6,07
10,00
9,84
Mycorhiza dosage
0 g/plant
77.63 b
80.08 b
80.90 b
84.45 b
(399.36) 18,08 a
(252.52) 12,86 a
25 g/plant
82.58 ab
88.83 a
83.25 ab
87.97 ab
(686.35) 23,42 a
(446.25) 17,21 a
50 g/plant
86.00 a
91.08 a
86.98 ab
94.20 a
(773.73) 23,56 a
(346.20) 13,97 a
75 g/plant
83.79 a
88.92 a
89.35 a
91.55 a
(865.58) 25,52 a
(438.42) 16,83 a
LSD
5,26
3,77
6,22
7,01
11,55
11,36
- Numbers at the same column followed by same letter showed non-significantly different at LSD test level 5%.
Total sugar, R-sugar, and sucrose of leaf and N, P, K
content of leaf
Treatment
Total Sugar
of leaf (%)
R-Sugar
of leaf (%)
Sucrose
of leaf (%)
N of leaf
(%)
P content
of leaf (%)
K-content
of leaf (%)
Organic Fertilizers
Goat manure
1.1050 a
0.3175 a
0.5582 a
1.9400 a
0.2038 a
0.8590 a
Compost
1.1010 a
0.2902 a
0.7702 a
2.0063 a
0.2438 a
0.8500 a
Leaf litter
0.8973 a
0.3064 a
0.5432 a
2.0213 a
0.2250 a
0.8413 a
LSD
0.2593
0.0525
0.2387
0.1673
0.0599
0.1177
Mycorhiza dosage
0 g/plant
0.7769 b
0.2625 a
0.5437 a
1.8867 a
0.1700 b
0.8237 a
25 g/plant
1.1046 a
0.3181 a
0.5888 a
1.9283 a
0.2117 ab
0.8683 a
50 g/plant
1.0555 ab
0.3164 a
0.7022 a
2.1233 a
0.2333 ab
0.8567 a
75 g/plant
1.2008 a
0.3219 a
0.6608 a
2.0183 a
0.2817 a
0.8517 a
CONCLUSION
Treatment of arbuscular mykorhiza dose 75 g/plant can be used
to produce
off-season
fruit of Gula Pasir snake fruit
. In control
percentage of
fruit-set
on Gadu season was only 59.58 % but on dose
of 75 g/plant percentage of
fruit-set
was 77.22 % or significantly
higher compared to control.
Treatment of organic fertilizer had not been able to produce
off-season
fruit of Gula Pasir snake fruit
. Organic fertilizer in the form
of goat manure and compost increased the percentage of
fruit-set
but
non-significant different compared to control.
Based on these results suggested that giving of arbuscular
mycorhiza dose 75 g/plant can be applied to produce
off-season
fruit of salak Gula Pa
sir at the farm level.
Treatment of arbuscular mykorhiza dose 75 g/plant can be used
to produce
off-season
fruit of Gula Pasir snake fruit
. In control
percentage of
fruit-set
on Gadu season was only 59.58 % but on dose
of 75 g/plant percentage of
fruit-set
was 77.22 % or significantly
higher compared to control.
Treatment of organic fertilizer had not been able to produce
off-season
fruit of Gula Pasir snake fruit
. Organic fertilizer in the form
of goat manure and compost increased the percentage of
fruit-set
but
non-significant different compared to control.
Based on these results suggested that giving of arbuscular