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A STUDY ON FEMINIST OF ANNE-MARIE CASEY’S NOVEL NO ONE COULD HAVE GUESSED THE WEATHER

THESIS

Yani Budi Satriah A73211115

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF LETTERS AND HUMANITIES

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A STUDY ON FEMINIST OF ANNE-MARIE CASEY’S NOVEL NO ONE COULD HAVE GUESSED THE WEATHER

A THESIS

Submitted as Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Sarjana Degree of English Department Faculty of Adab and Humanities UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

By:

Yani Budi Satriah Reg. Number: A73211115

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF LETTER AND HUMANITIES UIN SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA

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DECLARATION

This thesis contains materials which have been accepted for the award of S1 degree of English Department Faculty of Letter and Humanities UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya. And to the best of my knowledge and belief it contain no material previously published of written by other person except where due references is made in the text of thesis.

Surabaya, January 10, 2016 Writer,

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DEDICATION

My Beloved Parent

And

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MOTTO

“You May Say

I am a Dreamer,

But I am

Not The Only One”

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A STUDY ON FEMINIST OF ANNE-MARIE CASEY’S NOVEL NO ONE COULD HAVE GUESSED THE WEATHER

By: Yani Budi Satriah Reg. Number: A73211115

Approved to be examined Surabaya, January 10, 2016

Thesis Advisor

Wahju Kusumajanti, M.Hum NIP: 197002051999032002

Acknowledged by:

Dr. Mohammad Kurjum, M.Ag NIP: 196909251994031002

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

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EXAMINER APPROVAL

This thesis has been approved by the Board Examiners, English Department, Faculty of Letter and Humanities, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya on February 2nd, 2016

The Dean of Faculty of Letter and Humanities

Dr. H. Imam Ghazali, MA NIP:196002121990031002

The Board of Examiners are:

Examiners I, Examiners IV,

Wahju Kusumajanti, M.Hum Himmatul Khoiroh, S.Ag., M.Pd. NIP: 197002051999032002 NIP: 197612222007012021

Examiners II, Examiners III,

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Alhamdulillahirobbilalamin, after going through hard work and challenges, the writer is finally able to complete this thesis. First and foremost, I would like to thank Allah SWT, the one and only god that always guide me and always give me spirit and lighten my spirit when I have limited spirit in the hardest time of my life. My Sholawat and Salam are also to my prophet Muhammad SAW as my best role model.

I would like to express my gratitude to my advisor, Wahju Kusumajanti, M.Hum, for all her patience, advice and guidance during the proses writing this thesis. I am thankful to her as my lecturer and my advisor as well. I would also like to thankful Dr. Mohammad Kurjum, M.Ag, as head of English Department and all English Department’s Lecturers for all great knowledge.

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ABSTRACT

Satriah, Yani Budi. 2015. A Study on Feminist of Anne-Marie Novel No One Could Have Guessed The Weather

Advisor: Wahju Kusumajanti, M. Hum

Keyword: Love Affair, Faithful

This thesis discusses about post-modern feminist in the novel No One Could Have Guessed The Weather by Anne-Marie Casey. The main character in this novel is Lucy Lovett, showed as uncool woman after her married because of her husband lost his jobs. Then she struggle looking for jobs to move from London to New York City for her life and her family.

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ABSTRAK

Satriah, Yani Budi. 2015. A Study on Feminist of Anne-Marie Casey’s Novel No One Could Have Guessed The Weather

Pembimbing : Wahju Kusumajanti, M. Hum

Kata kunci: Percintaan, Kesetiaan

Tesis ini membahas tentang post-modern feminism di novel No One Could Have Guessed The Weather karya Anne-Marie Casey. Tokoh utama dalam novel ini adalah Lucy Lovett, ditampilkan sebagai seorang yang tidak keren lagi setelah menikah, karena suaminya kehilangan pekerjaan nya. Lalu ia berjuang mencari pekerjaan untuk pindah dari London ke New York City untuk kehidupannya dan keluarganya.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penulis

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2.1.Theoretical Framework ... 9

2.2. Feminist ... 9

2.3.Feminist Criticism……….……… 11

2.4. New Criticism ... 20

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CHAPTER III ANALYSIS

3.1.Characterization ... 22

3.1.3. Lucy’s Characterization through Other Character’s ... .24

3.1.3.1. Humorist ... 24

3.1.3.2. Sentimental ... 24

3.1.3.3. Spoiled...24

3.1.3.4. Lover...25

3.1.3.5. Kind...25

3.1.3.6 Confident………...26

3.2. Feminist through Struggle of Lucy………...27

3.2.1 Lucy with Her Family………...30

3.2.2. Lucy with Others Female Character………33

3.2.2.1 Between Lucy and Camilla……….………...34 3.2.2.2 Between Lucy and Julia……….36

3.2.2.3 Between Lucy and Robyn…..………43

CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION CONCLUSION ... 44

WORKS CITED ... 46

AUTHOR’S BIOGRAPHY ... 48

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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Broadly speaking, "literature" is used to describe anything from creative writing to more technical or scientific works, but the term is most commonly used to refer to works of the creative imagination, including works of poetry, drama, fiction, and nonfiction. It represents a language or a people, culture and tradition. But, literature is more important than just a historical or cultural artifact. Literature introduces us to new worlds of experience (Easter Lombardi, 1). We learn about books and literature; we enjoy the comedies and the tragedies of poems, stories, and plays; and we may even grow and evolve through our literary journey with books. We may discover meaning in literature by looking at what the author says and how he/she says it.

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By analyzing a novel the writer want to know what is feminist by studying No One Could Have Guessed the Weather. Another way to look at a literary analysis is to consider a piece of literature from your own perspective. Rather than thinking about the author’s intentions, you can develop an argument based on any single term (or

combination of terms) listed below. You will just need to use the original text to defend and explain your argument to the reader (Anthony, Encyclopedia Britannica 2014:1).

“No One Could Have Guessed the Weather” by Anne-Marie Casey is a kind

of post-modern novel, the author begin in 2010 and the novel publish in 2013. The novel tells about the struggle in woman life. In this novel, the author shows herself as main character as Lucy. Lucy (the main character) lives a very posh life in her London home. She and her children have had the best of everything and there has been no reason to think that would not continue, at least until her husband loses his job.

The only job he can find is a much lesser one that will require them to leave London and everything and everyone they know for New York City – a new country and an alien city. Gradually she makes friends of a sort with some of the other mother’s at there. And Julia, who is the wife of her husband friends and the first of

Lucy friends in New York City (Michael, Kurt 2014:1).

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Women are treated in different way by men. Women are permitted to do limited works at home. They just cook, clean, take care of baby, and limited to socialize with men freely. Klein states:

“It would be improper, nay indecorous, to corresponded with the gentlemen unknown to your father … young ladies were, however, protected not only from contact with” gentlemen unknown to their father, but from their brother’s friends and all other men who were not selected as prospective husbands by their father” ( Klein, 1984:522 )

Because this novel has not been studied, the writer tries to understand about woman struggle as main character and more understanding about feminist. The writer is using feminist theory from Michel Foucault. He states about feminist theory:

Feminist is a theory and theoretical perspective which observes gender in its relation to power, both at the level of face-to-face interaction and reflexivity

within a social structure at large. Focuses include sexual orientation, race,

economic status, and nationality (Michel Foucault, 1976:3)

In the present study, the thesis writer will analyze one Anne-Marie Casey’s work. The writer tries to analyze the women struggle and feminist in this novel. The thesis writer will discuss about feminist that can be seen from Lucy’s struggle in her life.

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1.2 Statement of the Problems

Based on the background of the study above and the ideas which has been described, there are several problems which are going to discuss in the study. They are:

1. How does the author characterize Lucy?

2. What are the feminist through struggle of Lucy with her husband and her relationship with her best friends?

1.3 Objective of the Study

Through this research the researcher intends to find a way to understand the meaning of feminist, and also identified the novel with feminist sociology term.

1. To describe the characterization of Lucy.

2. To find out how Lucy struggles for her husband and her relationship with her best friends through feminist.

1.4 Limitation of the Study

Although there are many characters in No One Could Have Guessed the Weather, the writer sees Lucy as the character who reveals feminism in this novel. Therefore, the thesis writer limits his discussion to Lucy’s character only. The

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1.5 Significance of the Study

Significances of the study are utilized to identify the purpose of the study for the author and also the readers as expected it will be useful for the benefits in the future of English Literature Study, especially in the English Department of State Islamic University of Surabaya (UINSA).

1.6 Method of the Study

The research method that will be used in this thesis for the resource data gathering and research analysis is the traditional literature review. The population or the object of this method is the literature. The resources of data can be collected from any kind of literature sources. This study is a library research as the data will be taken in the form of words rather than number, this research will use descriptive qualitative approach to analyze the data.

In search for understanding, qualitative methods does not reduce the data into numerical symbols, however, it tries to analyze the data with all their richness closely as possible in which the data were recorded or transcribed (Bodgan, 1982:28). The research follows the following steps:

1. Reading the novel to get the complete and well understanding on the whole story.

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3. Selecting and collecting the data in form of narration and conversation from the novel related to the problem.

4. Analyze the data collected by firstly categorizing them into two points, dealing with the statement of problems. Then, each point is analyzed using feminism theory, which refers to the objectives of the study.

5. Make conclusion based on the result of data analysis 1.7 Organization of the Study

The presentation of this study will be divided into four chapters. The first chapter is introduction. Introduction is divided to eight parts, there are; background of study, statement of problem, objective of study, significance of study, limitation of study and method of study.

In the second chapter is theoretical framework discussion theory that is used in this research. This chapter also discusses about previous research from thesis, journal or book review.

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1.8 Definition of Key Terms

Feminist: is a perspective that views gender as one of the most important bases of the structure and organization of the social world. Feminists argue this structure has granted women lower status and value, more limited access to valuable resources, and less autonomy and opportunity to struggle and make choices over their lives than it has granted men (Sapiro, 1986:441)

Gender: A psychological concept that refers to culturally acquired sexual identity (Guerin, 1992)

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

To formulate the research problem, the writer needs to understand the theories, which are relevant to the research problems. That is why this discussion is about the related literature, which can be used as a foundation of theoretical framework.

1.1 Theoretical Framework

Feminism has bought a new era in women’s life. All of the changes that happened have influenced women’s life. Women began to demand the equality of

rights between themselves and men. They no longer accepted the idea of just becoming good housewives and mothers. But they also requested for their rights to get more than they did before. They were finally aware that they had to show their existence and to be admitted by the society.

1.2 Feminist

Feminist argue that without gender as a central analytic category, social life, work, family, the economy, politics, education, religion cannot be adequately studied. Jonathan Culler states that:

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Men and women’s position are always distinguished. Men are superior to

women. They always get the first priority. Meanwhile women are placed in the second range. They just help and give to support to men. But the condition start to changes. Women are struggling for their right to get equal treatment in all fields. Gorsky states that women’s social status and economic wail being depend on the man

in her life and to every large degree, her happiness depend on his good will (Gorsky, 1992:2).

Feminism is a word that people nowadays usually associate with the effort to change women’s life. According to Holman, feminism is a general position, not

necessarily confined to woman, having to do with the advocacy and encouragement for equal rights and opportunities for woman-politically, socially, psychologically, personality and aesthetically (Holman, 1984:201)

Men assumed that is difficult to understand women’s feeling. They are busy

with the various activities. Therefore, women need somebody to talk. They look for other women to share their experiences with other women (Freeman, 1984:246). Sometimes, women feel better to discuss their problem with other women. In Freeman’s view, women conclude that they are essentially worthwhile and interesting

with other women. With this prospective women turn realize that they change their society.

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Feminism can not be separated from patriarchy. Patriarchy gives power to men. Women do not have power in all fields. Lucy in this matter, have struggle for her life. She must keep her family and all her faith with moving into other country. Whatever in good or worst condition of her life, Lucy must have spirit to continue her life.

2.3 Feminist Criticism

The various kinds of feminist literary theory is not so much a specific technique of criticism but a common goal: to raise awareness of women’s roles in all

aspects of literary production (as writers, as characters in literature, as readers etc.) and to reveal the extent of male dominance in all of these aspects (David Carter, 2006:91). Women’s attempts to resist the dominance of a patriarchal society have a long history but the actual term ‘feminism’ seems not to have come into English

usage until the 1890s.

In general, feminist criticism has also attempted to show that literary criticism and theory themselves have been dominated by male concerns. There is general agreement among most authors that, apart from recent developments, feminist theory can be divided into two major stages: The First Wave and The Second Wave. 2.3.1 The First Wave

The earlier phase of modern feminist theory was very much influenced by the social and economic reforms brought about by the Women’s Rights and Suffrage

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the issues which would continue to preoccupy later feminists: Virginia Woolf and Simone de Beauvoir.

I. Virginia Woolf (1882–1941)

Apart from her novels, Virginia Woolf also wrote two works which contributed to feminist theory: A Room with a View (1927), and Three Guineas (1938). In the former, Woolf considered especially the social situation of women as writers and, in the latter, she explored the dominance of the major professions by men. In the first work she argued that women’s writing should explore female experience

and not just draw comparisons with the situation in society of men.

Woolf was also one of the earliest writers to stress that gender is not predetermined but is a social construct and, as such, can be changed. However, she did not want to encourage a direct confrontation between female and male concerns and preferred to try to find some kind of balance of power between the two. If women were to develop their artistic abilities to the full, she felt it was necessary to establish social and economic equality with men.

II. Simone de Beauvoir (1908–1986)

Simone de Beauvoir is famous not only as a feminist but as the life-long partner of the French philosopher Jean- Paul Sartre. She was a very active fighter for women’s rights and a supporter of abortion. Her most influential book is, without

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Already in the Bible and throughout history Woman was always regarded as the ‘Other’. Man dominated in all influential cultural fields, including law, religion,

philosophy, science, literature and the other arts. She also clearly distinguished between ‘sex’ and ‘gender’, and wrote (famously) ‘One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman.’ She demanded freedom for women from being distinguished on

the basis of biology and rejected the whole notion of femininity, which she regarded as a male projection.

2.3.2 The Second Wave

The second wave of feminist theory was very much influenced by the various liberationist movements, especially in America, in the 1960s. Its central concern was sexual difference. The theorists of this second wave criticized especially the argument that women were made ‘inferior’ by virtues of their biological difference to men.

Some feminist critics, on the other hand, celebrated the biological difference and considered it a source of positive values which women could nurture, both in their everyday lives and in works of art and literature.

Another area of debate has been the question of whether white women and men perceive the world in the same ways, and differently to black women. Another much disputed question has been whether there exists a specifically female language. This has arisen from the sense that one reason for the oppression of women has been the male dominance of language itself.

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All that is disruptive, chaotic and subversive is seen as female, in a positive, creative sense, in contrast to the restrictive, ordering and defining obsessions of maleness. I. Kate Millett (1934–)

Kate Millett’s book Sexual Politics (1969) was probably the most influential

feminist work of its period. Her central argument is that the main cause of the oppression of women is ideology. Patriarchy is all-pervasive and treats females universally as inferior. In both public and private life the female is subordinate. Millett also distinguishes very clearly between ‘sex’ (biological characteristics) and

‘gender’ (culturally acquired identity).

The interaction of domination and subordination in all relations between men and women is what she calls ‘sexual politics’. Millett also reveals a special interest in

literature, arguing that the very structure of narrative has been shaped by male ideology.

II. Sandra Gilbert (1936–) and Susan Guber (1944–)

Gilbert and Guber’s The Madwoman in the Attic (1979) is famous for its exploration of certain female stereotypes in literature, especially those of the ‘angel’

and the ‘monster’. The title refers to the mad wife whom Rochester has locked in the

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III. Elaine Showalter (1941–)

One of the most influential books of The Second Wave is Elaine Showalter’s

A Literature of their Own (1977), which provides a literary history of women writers. It outlines a feminist critique of literature for women readers as well as identifying crucial women writers. She coined the term ‘gynocriticism’ for her mode of analysing

the works of women writers.

She also argues for a profound difference between the writing of women and that of men and delineates a whole tradition of women’s writing neglected by male

critics. She divides this tradition into three phases. The first phase was from about 1840 to 1880, and she refers to it as the ‘feminine’ phase. It includes writers such as George Eliot and Elizabeth Gaskell. Female writers in this phase internalised and respected the dominant male perspective, which required that women authors remained strictly in their socially acceptable place.

From this perspective, it is significant that Mary Anne Evans found it necessary to adopt the male pen name of ‘George Eliot’. The Second Phase, the

‘feminist’ phase, from 1880 to 1920 included radical feminist writers who protested

against male values, such as Olive Schreiner and Elizabeth Robins. The Third Phase, which she describes as the ‘female’ phase, developed the notion of specifically female writing. Rebecca West and Katherine Mansfield exemplify this phase.

IV. Julia Kristeva (1941–)

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‘symbolic’ stage in a child’s development to be the main root of male dominance.

When a child learns language, it also recognizes principles of order, law and rationality associated with a patriarchal society. Lacan’s pre-Oedipal ‘imaginary’ stage is referred to by Kristeva as ‘semiotic’, and literature, especially poetry, can tap

the rhythms and drives of this stage.

The pre-Oedipal stage is also associated very closely with the body of the mother. When the male child enters the ‘symbolic’ order, however, the child identifies with the father. The female child is identified with Oedipal, pre-discursive incoherence, and is seen as a threat to the rational order. As has been already explained, Kristeva advocates a kind of anarchic liberation, in which ‘poetic’

and ‘political’ become interchangeable.

V. Helène Cixous (1937–)

Helène Cixous’ essay, The Laugh of the Medusa (1976), argues for a positive representation of femininity in women’s writing. Her mode of writing is often poetic

rather than rational: ‘Write yourself. Your body must be heard. ’There is a paradox at the heart of Cixous’ theory in that she rejects theory itself: ‘…this practice can never

be theorized, enclosed, encoded – which doesn’t mean that it doesn’t exist.’ Her notion of a specific écriture féminine is intended to subvert the symbolic rational ‘masculine’ language. Like Julia Kristeva, she also links écriture feminine to Lacan’s

pre-Oedipal ‘imaginary’ phase.

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contradictions: rejecting a biological account of the female but nevertheless celebrating the female body; including binary oppositions but denying their importance; encouraging a specifically female form of writing but celebrating pre-linguistic, non-verbal experience. It is a position which one is tempted to describe as full of much sound and fury but signifying, in both Saussurean and Shakespearean senses, nothing.

VI. Luce Irigaray (1932–)

Luce Irigaray is especially critical of Freud’s view of women. In Spéculum de l’autre femme (1974) she argues that Freud’s ‘penis envy’ envisages women as not

really existing at all independently but only as negative mirror images of men. Male perception is clearly associated with sight (observation, analysis, aesthetics etc), but women gain pleasure from physical contact.

The eroticism of women is fundamentally different to that of men. For Irigaray, all this implies that women should celebrate their completely different nature to men, their otherness. Only in this way can they overcome the traditional male dominated perception of women.

VII. Ruth Robbins

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In Literary Feminisms (2000), she advocates a Marxist feminism which explains ‘the material conditions of real people’s lives, how conditions such as

poverty and under-education produce different signifying systems than works produced in conditions of privilege and educational plenty’.

2.3 New Criticism

Formalism, sometimes called New Criticism (even though it has been around a long time) involves the careful analysis of a literary text’s craft. It is how to

paraphrase the text. It based on the text. Ignoring any historical context, any

biographical information about an author, any philosophical or physiological issues, or even any of a text’s political or moral messages, the formalist is simply interested

in taking the text apart to see how it works as a piece of art. It does not need think about the background of literary work making (Gillespie: 172).

Some of its most important concepts concerning the nature and importance of textual evidence (the use of concrete, specific examples from the text itself to validate the interpretations) have been incorporated into the way most literary critics today, regardless of the theoretical persuasion, support the readings of literature. It supports for literary interpretations because the New Critics introduced to America and called “close reading,” has been a standard method of high school and college instruction in

literary studies for the past several decades (Tyson: 135).

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elements. It needs to understand the meaning of text itself first. It related to the beliefs concerning the proper way to interpret it (Tyson: 137). New Critics believed that a single best, or most accurate, interpretation of each text could be discovered that best represents the text itself: that best explains what the text means and how the text produces that meaning, in other words, that best explains its organic unity (Tyson: 148).

Nevertheless, New Criticism’s success in focusing our attention on the formal

elements of the text and on their relationship to the meaning of the text is evident in the way we study literature today, regardless of our theoretical perspective. For whatever theoretical framework we use to interpret a text, we always support our interpretation with concrete evidence from the text that usually includes attention to formal elements, and, with the notable exception of some deconstructive and reader-response interpretations, we usually try to produce an interpretation that conveys some sense of the text as a unified whole (Tyson: 149).

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formal element. In analyzing the novel chosen analyzes some aspects of literary work. They are character and characterization (Tyson: 149).

2.3.1 Characterization

Character can make a story reliable and vivid. Hence, people are always interest in discussing a character. Everybody admits that human is unique creature who has a very rich dimension to be discussed. Therefore, character becomes an interesting topic in literature.

As in human life, character in fiction also has character traits, for instance: character maybe aggressive or fearful, confident or self doubting, adventurous or timid, careful and careless and so on. Thus, the character in a story almost based on true life. Therefore, a successful author recreates the actual life throughout that particular character itself which is able to make the reader to see a presentation of real life (Jacob, 1986:135).

In order to build a full and clear portrait of the character becomes more alive, an author uses characterization. Characterization is the description of human character in novels (Oxford advanced learner’s dictionary, 1995:186). It also important for the reader to pay attention about the character’s speeches action and

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There are some methods of characterization. Authors commonly use to characterize their characters in order to create true story like in their novels. The first method is Indirect Presentation and the second is Direct Presentation (Jacob, 1986:138). By using the first method, an author describes his character indirectly.

He usually through the character speeches and actions, he/she may reveal what the characters themselves say, as speeches may be expected to indicate the character of the speaker. It may be reflected a momentary emotional or intellectual state. Besides speech an author can also use the actions of his characters to describe the character traits of those characters.

And the second method, the author acts directly as a story teller or observer to express what he says about the characters. What the author says, he/she directly comment a character, about his appearance and clothes, thoughts, manners, past life all which are usually to be accepted as the truths.

Moreover, there are four fundamental methods in getting information about the characters. The first is through the characters speeches and thoughts. Here the author gives the reader an insight through what the character says, because whenever he puts forward and opinion, he is giving some clues to his character.

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CHAPTER III

ANALYSIS

In this chapter, the thesis writer will analyze the feminist sociology through Lucy’s characters. The first, he will try to find out the characterization of Lucy’s.

Here, when Lucy shows her character in her husband Richard, when he has lost his job. Then, when Lucy got the advice from her aunt, Eva .The second, the thesis writer will describe the feminist sociology through Lucy’s struggle. Here, Lucy is supported

and inspired by her friends Julia, Christy, and Robyn.

3.1 The Characterization of Lucy in No One Could Have Guessed the Weather

by Anne-Marie Casey

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Angela Janovsky state that protagonist character has similarity with human living; with the problems that are faced is like the problems that human face generally. It makes reader to feel really involved in and readers give empathy totally to that character. So, Lucy is protagonist character, because the character the story revolves around.

Lucy Lovett also has dynamic character. Angela Janovsky also states that a protagonist is usually a dynamic character. Lucy has some expression of her life. For example she changes her life from Manhattan to New York City, it means she and her family starting a new life again. While a dynamic character changes in the course of work and gives of any expression of any personality, living and identity. Dynamic character exhibits the full range of human emotions and reactions to people and events. They have histories and more than one person possible future. They have hopes and fears.

3.1.1 Ordinary Women

The author characterized Lucy as an ordinary women, she is a middle-aged woman. Lucy is very kind person.

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This conversation when Lucy with her husband and she was shy that she is old woman. She has two sons. And she is a mother of her sons. From this status she tough was uncool because she growing older.

The characterization of Lucy was start in the beginning of the novel that her life was not happy before or after her husband lost his job.

“The apartment had no air-conditioning. She sweated and was not happy.

They had visited at Christmas and the streets were quiet. She learned quickly this had been an illusion”. (p:1)

3.1.2 Humorist

When her husband told her what happened, she thought he was joking. Sometimes she had a cruel of humor with her husband.

“You’ll love it, he assured her. Really? She replied, rolling her eyes,

imagining what she would do if he uttered the words “new” and “start”. (p:2)

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3.1.3 Sentimental

Lucy is also sentimental person.

The Mothers at the School shrieked divorce. She listened in desperate hope. She knew that the divorces among their number had ended up with white stucco four-bedrooms, child support, and in one case a lump-sum payment for loss of earnings. She figured this could assuage a lot of emotional pain. So she cried and cried.” (p:3)

About the quotation above, it clearly the author also characterize Lucy as sentimental. She knows about her friend got divorce. She wondering that divorce may able to her. So she cried.

3.1.4 Beautiful

Lucy was so beautiful women with long hair, yellow skin and good looking person.

She held out a faint hope that she would find a kindred spirit at the school gates. Lucy was so beautiful so much of the texture of her blond and skins “before” life had been provided by her relationships with the Mothers: the coffees, the exercise classes, the helpful tips…” (p:7)

In terms of physical appearance, the sentence above explains that Lucy Lovett is the beautiful person. She can be said beautiful because when does she smile she looks imprison. The quotation above did not directly show that Lucy is beautiful, but

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3.1.5 Lover

Lucy is a lover to her husband and her sons.

Did you feel that? He said. There was an earthquake. Just a small one. Magnitude three-point-something, but it went on for twenty seconds.” Oh, she thought, it wasn’t me discovering the real meaning of life.

“I didn’t notice.”

He tried to smile, but he looked sad.

“You can say it,” she replied. “I don’t notice anything, do I?

“Not really, no.” (p:15)

It was love. Love for her husband, and love for her sons, for this wonderful terrible she not give up. It had stalked her since her moving in New York City, but she wasn’t

afraid anymore.

3.1.6 Kind

Lucy is kind person. She always give support to the other even she had terrible condition. The conversation with her best friend Camilla shows that Lucy is kind person.

“Are you okay?” Camilla asked.

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“I know,” agreed Camilla. Mine is, ’One kid, one divorce, life sucks.” I don’t want to say it, and no one wants to hear it,” Camilla said.

“You’re not bitter and twisted, are you, Milla? Lucy leaned over and kissed her friend on the cheek.

It’s very clearly that Lucy is kind person. She realized her terrible life, but

when Camilla told her condition, Lucy forgotten her problem and support Camilla immediately. Lucy leaned over and kissed her friend on the cheek.

3.1.7 Faithful

As an independent woman Lucy is faithful person. In her conversation with Camilla shows Lucy as an independent and confident person.

“---- and…I don’t know. Now when I think about starting all over again I feel old…and afraid. It’s like I was running the marathon, and I hit the wall. “For ten years?” chortled Camilla. You are right, I hate myself. Darling, no praise, no blame from me. I don’t mean to be tactless after mommy dearest, but…we need a big drink. Look at the state of us. Couple of fucking suffragettes, eh?.”

“I don’t care where we go, I’m just glad to be away from the house of death, I’ll go with the flow.” Lucy said. You have changed, said Camilla, pushing the agricultural vehicle into fifth gear.”

This conversation means clearly, that Lucy an independent person. She always be herself whatever about Camilla suggestion. Lucy never regret about her decision wherever she go. She had a terrible memory in her life and was always interested when people told her thins about herself she had forgotten and move on.

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“(In the first ten minutes Ava had suggested that Lucy seemed like a person “used to doing her own thing.” Julia and Christy already knew that. Lucy was the type of English person whose response to any dictatorial behavior was to nod laconically and continue digging straight down beneath the stove to escape through a tunnel called Tom, Dick, or Harry.”(p155)

This means that other female characters realize that Lucy is an independent character. Lucy used to doing in her own thing in perception of her best friends, Julia and Christy.

3.2 The Feminist through Struggle of Lucy with Her Family and Her Relationship with Her Best Friends

The main character in No One Could Have Guessed the Weather is Lucy Lovett. In teenage years, her life with her father and her mother was not good. Then she married with Richard. And then her husband lost his job. She trying to survive and thrive in New York amid relationships, misunderstandings, and broken dreams. She trying to forget about the past and move on. She befriends three women and through them she can somewhat regain peace of mind from the complete disruption of her former life.

3.2.1 Feminist Sociology through Struggle of Lucy with Her Family

In teenage years, Lucy’s life with her father and her mother was not good.

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After having the baby, Lucy now had no help, she immediately jettisoned her previous sanctimonious rules about children, food, and television. It is kind of the theory that men are always conquer women.

“In fact, I had entirely forgotten the pleasure of watching television, and now she had no friends she could see loads it: daytime drama, documentaries, dinosaur-versus-shark specials. And then I started reading newspapers, taking books out of library. In the evenings they talked to each other. Everything from U.S. economic policy to why Heart were fantastic and how difficult it is for women to rock?”(p.13)

But suddenly everything is changes after her husband lost his job.

“They arrived in early September. No one could have guessed the weather. It was, as the forecast told them one day, as if a blowtorch had gone through the city. “This is meant to be autumn,” she cried, “or, rather, fall, as the

Americans call it.” “Because the leaves are falling,” laughed little Max. She looked at him and thought, No, because of our fall from grace.”(p.1)

This statement means, when Lucy to move from London in New York City after her husband lost his job. Lucy realized it was not her husband fault, it was the economy, stupid. In fact, they were lucky. Her husband had one chance at a low-level

management job in New York office. No bonuses, but a salary, and they could live in a tiny apartment at Manhattan.

“Are you going to have to get a job?” Camilla intoned, in voice like Vincent Price at the beginning of “Thriller.”

“I don’t have a proper visa yet,” replied Lucy. “Thanks goodness,” muttered Camilla.

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“Oh, Lucy, you could do anything. You had a bit of a career, after all. Not like me. At least when the cheap Bastard tried to make me earn some money the lawyer was able to confirm that I was qualified for nothing. All those years on the front desk at Christie’s doesn’t really get you anywhere, except a chance to marry some duke who’s flogging off a Canaletto.”

This is conversation between Lucy and her close friend, Camilla. It shows that Lucy is women who had a bit a career. And she able to do anything she want. She could get a job.

“You’ll love it, he assured her. “Really?” she replied, rolling her eyes, imagining what she would do if he uttered the words “new” and “start”.(p.2) This is the conversation between Lucy and her husband Richard when she living in New York, where her husband has managed to secure a lowly position. Lucy finds herself living in the center of cool and hip. Across from their apartment is a trendy bar called PDT—whenever Lucy passes by, she thinks, Please Don’t Tell anyone I’m a middle-aged woman. Then Lucy back to work as writer in New York too. As screen writer she got a lot of money than her husband.

Her husband was convinced that their new circumstances were good for them as a family. He expressed pleasure at the smallness of their living quarters. They were mucking in together, getting to know each other.

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the financial markets and, although she had indeed abandoned the dreary, ill-paid job that bored her to spend the past nine years supervising the Nanny and the Housekeeper and the Children, she had enough brain cells left to know this might not entitle her to much of what remained when nearly everything had gone.”(p.3

“Why didn’t you leave me, Lucy?”

“I was planning too, Richard. But then we lost everything.” “Nearly everything, you mean.” (p:15)

This statement have deep meaning about the struggle of a wife who on the top position in economical rate between a man. When a woman having power to their husband, they able to control the rule. Lucy got a lot of money than her husband, Richard. Richard realized his wife is able to leave him, if she wanted it. But Lucy decides to live together with her husband. Stay with her husband and their child in start a new life in New York.

In part “Surrendered Life” Lucy shows herself in any problems. But she always strong to keep her life go on. It start when her mother was die. She regret about the death of her mother. Because her father leave her mother, then married with other woman.

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This statement means Lucy regret about her and her father decision to let her brother George leaving her mother lonely. In fact is not Lucy fault. She was young, if it was anyone’s responsibility it was her father.

Then when Camilla asked Lucy why she do not work after married. Lucy tell it. It is kind of feminist theory too, because after having baby, women feel old and so busy with the baby.

“I was so sick when I got pregnant with Max that I left straightaway, and I thought I would just take a few months off afterward, but….then I felt so tired. That was it, really. And I can’t decide if I was tired because of the baby, or tired because I’d worked so hard for so long with so little to show for it. Then Richard started doing really well and he was traveling all the time and

suddenly we had this house and this life and another baby, and soon….none of the women I met worked-- And I don’t know. Now when I think about starting all over again I feel old….and afraid. It’s like I was running the marathon, and I hit the wall.”(p.45)

Then Lucy’s husband influences her very much. She thank to him for was not only his generosity and support, financial and emotional, but also the gift of taking her seriously, despite all the years and all the reasons not. All she had to do now was take herself seriously.

“If you want to write, you just have to writing, if you have the willpower to do it and it keeps you same, why not?” Ryan said. (p.274)

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her role in the drama of this life, so she play it bravely. What have she ever done to any of them, apart from be herself.

3.2.2 Feminist through Relationship between Lucy and Other Female Character

The successful of Lucy can not be separated with her best friends. Through the relationship with others female characters, Lucy gets spirit and support to rebel the unfairly condition. There is Camilla is a bit troubled because she does not share the stresses her friends face. Married to a much older, wealthy man and living in a penthouse apartment, she seems impervious to the worries and cares of others. After her husband suffers a heart attack, Camilla is enchanted by the doorman at her residence and fancies having an affair.

Then there’s Julia Kirkland, an overworked Type A screenwriter who conveniently

succumbs to a nervous breakdown and commits herself to in-house therapy for a month in a posh Connecticut hospital. While recovering and after her release, she finds she enjoys her carefree life without the demands of a family. She rents a humble flat of her own, and she and her spouse shuttle her confused children back and forth.

Finally, Robyn Skinner, whom Lucy meets at their children’s school, proves to be

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3.2.2.1 Feminist through the Relationship between Lucy and Camilla

Camilla is Lucy’s best friends but had no seen each other since Camilla’s wedding four years previously. Since then, Camilla had a child and got divorced. Actually Camilla had more experiences than Lucy. And she giving Lucy many advises.

You look good,” Lucy said

“I know,” replied Camilla. “I caught this vile bug that was going round the Montessori. Threw up and out of both ends for a week. Fantastic. I’m back in all my old clothes. It’s totally recession.”She giggled momentarily. Then her face became serious again.

“You should have said something to me, Lucy. If you thought he wasn’t right, you should have said it. It’s not like I was desperate to get married.”(p.40) This conversation means, Camilla already know about Lucy condition with her family. She know that Lucy’s husband lost his job, lost his home in London and move to New York to survive. Lucy gets advise from Camilla how to face the problems with better solution, not divorce.

Lucy couldn’t help laughing. She was beginning to remember why she and Camilla had been such close friends, despite the enormous differences of background, politics, and aspiration between them. They had met their very first day at university, as their rooms were side by side. It transpired they were also tutorial partners, and Lucy watched in awe as Camilla, with her confidence born of entitlement and her resilience born of boarding school, ran rings round the various professor.(p.43)

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background, politics, and aspiration between them” means that between Lucy and Camilla feel in the same status as women because between them, they can be close friends. Lucy had learned a lot from Camilla to struggle her faith in her problems.

And then when Camilla was lying in the bathtub with a bathrobe on and a towel

rolled up like a pillow under her neck. Lucy sat down on the toilet and they talk again.

Mine is, One kid, one divorce, life sucks. I don’t want to say it, and no one wants to hear it,” Camilla said.

“You’re not bitter and twisted, are you, Milla?”

“No! My life didn’t turn out how I imagined. But then neither did yours, right, Lucy? You used to be so Breakfast at Tiffany’s, and now it sounds like Last Exit to Brooklyn. Cheers!”(p.53)

This means that when Camilla thinks her divorce is the source of all her problems, Lucy try to support her. The sentences “You’re not bitter and twisted” shows that Lucy also imagined that she already had experience on it. But Lucy still can handle their family.

I don’t care with where we go,” Lucy said. “I’m just glad to be away from the house of death. I’ll go with the flow.”(p.46)

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Outside, the door opens and a familiar clip of heels and a high-pitched whisper indicate the entrance of Camilla, who has driven down to support Lucy, for which she is grateful.(p.58)

As Lucy best friends, Camilla always support Lucy. It can be seen as Feminist Sociology because the main reason for women's lower status in relation to men is the fact that they are generally economically dependent upon their male partner. So, women will looking for other partner which the same in her status. It is other women.

3.2.2.2 Feminist through the Relationship between Lucy and Julia

Julia Kirkland met Lucy on the plane when Lucy back to London because her mother was death. As close friends in London when their boys are in third grade together, Julia also influences Lucy. The few times Lucy had told people this they had all said “How sad.” Julia did not, for which Lucy would be eternally grateful.

I have spent years in therapy and learned to comfort myself with the ‘there’s no such thing as a perfect family’ mantra…..but….God, how I would hate history to repeat itself, you know, for Max and Robbie to despite me or Richard or each other. Yet the truth is, when you throw in all the anxiety disorders on Richard’s side, my children come from a shark-infested gene pool.”(p.24)

“That’s just come to me, and it’s not a bad image, is it? Julia nodded. “You’re a born to be writer, Lucy. I won’t steal it, I promise.(p.25)

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Lucy nodded. In Julia she had found a friend with whom such directness could be given and taken without rancor, in the spirit of generosity Julia always showed. For although Lucy’s life was full and busy and exhausting these days (with young children and housework and volunteering at the school and being happily married), Lucy still found herself something that was not just about financial independence, though that was certainly desire in middle age.

It is means that Lucy would be eternally grateful to share about family with Julia. Julia advised Lucy to be herself. Whatever life’s bring she must have spirit and keep her faith to be what Lucy wants by self. She knows that Lucy is good writer, Julia notice Lucy that she was a born to be writer. Julia believes that Lucy can get job to be writer.

Sorry, you see I can’t take this anymore”.(p.88)

This sentences means that Lucy thinks of her life was so hard. Male power over women is consolidated by ideological myths about women (that they are

naturally passive, that they have maternal instincts and so forth). These myths are part of a powerful socializing influence upon women that leads them to define their major role as that of "mother, housekeeper and child-rearer. Lucy thought hopeless.

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It is also myths are part of a powerful socializing influence upon women that leads them to define their major role as that of "mother, housekeeper and child-rearer. Lucy assumed that her life is under her husband control. As mother, housekeeper, and her husband wife.

Maybe he needs to be around people some of the time? Being alone with your own head all the time can drive you carzy. Look at me.” Julia said. Is that why you left your husband?”said Lucy

“It’s one of the reasons, yes. I went a bit nuts, Lucy said carefully.

Uncharacteristically choosing understatement of tone and word. “And was not good for me. Or my family, so I left.” Julia answer.(p.151)

This conversation start when Lucy met with Julia, Camilla, and Robyn. They talks about their husband’s job. As single woman, Julia suggest to Lucy, Camilla, and Robyn that her decision to left her husband and her son is not good option. Julia being alone and feel crazy. Absolutely Lucy got influences from Julia about how to be a good woman.

Sometimes when I think of all the time I’ve wasted, I long for the certainty I had when I was twenty, it makes life so much easier if there’s only one road to travel, but now I’m older, I think there are as many shades of women as…” “You are Lucy. Believe me, you are, said Julia.”(p.175)

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Lucy trying to get a job in New York City after her husband lost his job. She tried to be a writer again to support her family.

The time to slow down is when you’re done in a hurry.” Julia said. (p.172)

This is the things that Lucy had learned from Julia. When Lucy in New York City as writer, her life it so busy with her job. It make Lucy had bad relation with her husband and her child. Julia said “The time to slow down…” means that Lucy need to calm down her mind. Balancing her time to a job and family is good idea. And Julia suggest that “when you’re done in a hurry” means that after all of the problem Lucy’s had, Julia believe Lucy can pass it.

Julia is a woman who influences Lucy so much. She always takes a stand for Lucy. It is Julia who speaks up for Lucy and keeps Lucy when Lucy’s mother is dead. And when Lucy’s husband lost his job, Julia speaks to Lucy that she can be a good writer again in New York City. And now Lucy be successful writer.

3.2.2.3 Feminist through the Relationship between Lucy and Robyn

Robyn Skinner is single mother, whom Lucy meets at their children’s school. She strong and trying to be a supermom, she works a full-time job but is committed to raising her children without her husband’s help. She also influences Lucy many things and it

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The fact about Robyn, she is a hyper-sex woman but stronger as mother. When her son Michael, ask why she change her son’s school, she said the lies.

Why did we have to change schools, anyway?”(p.198)

“Because your mother had sex on a yoga mat ten times with Julia Kirkland’s husband.”(The fact)

But what Robyn actually said was “Because your father and I wanted the best for you.”(p.198) It means that she is a liar, but is good for her child. And make her image as a mother is good.

From this fact, Lucy learned that Robyn is a good mother but bad wife. Robyn hide the truth that she dishonest as mother. So, Lucy understands why sometimes she thought better to her child knowing the goodness and hide the bad things for the child.

It’s all right for me. I have time. I bring them home and I teach them myself. I don’t know how long it’ll work, but for the moment it’s fine. But you…” Lucy looked at Robyn now, right into her eyes.

This is Lucy statement when she talks with Robyn. Lucy felt everything is all right for her. She struggle to her husband and her child. She is writer so she can make money from her job. And she was happy to do it all. It means that Lucy had a power for her family, actually to manage her husband and her child.

“You work harder than any other mother I’ve ever met. I see you every

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squirty flower. It was all too much.”I can’t do it anymore. I’m exhausted all the time. The only recreation I have is the gym.”Robyn said. (This was not strictly true, of course. And sleeping with the occasional husband, she should have added) (p.212)

This means that Lucy understands Robyn is hard-worker women. She is modern women and also single mother. Lucy admire to Robyn because she can be good mother for her son even she is single mother. It also influences Lucy to be a good mother for her child and good wife for her husband.

What are you two doing? Sniffing the fucking cleaning fluids?” said Julia. “The principal’s about to tell us the plans for the school summer clear out. We have to choose a child to put on a bonfire. I’ve been so worried about the kids, Lucy said. Separation, divorces, difficult custody arrangements. ”Robyn said. (p.213)

This prologue means that the matter of Robyn is she can not treat her child as well. Her child can not read at school. So as best friend Lucy feel sympathy to Robyn. The fact, divorce and being alone is hard situation for woman. It very confusing for the children, but they were doing the best to make them feel secure. Lucy realized it from Robyn.

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HOMEWORK WITH MY NINE-YEARS-OLD by LUCY LOVETT

(with apologies to William Carlos Williams)

You should walk away

I tell my son at the kitchen table.

He looks at me

Blue-eyed, curious, pencil in hand

When the feeling starts,

I say, the red mist.

Like Taz the Looney Tune, he says,

Yes, but Taz never walk away

So it isn’t the best example.

When Patrick laughed at me

It felt like wasps were buzzing

in my brain. Let them out

I reply. Now, long division. (A long groan)

And, look! You have four bonus words

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Oh, sweet Jesus, he mutters,

Glancing up to see if anything explodes.

But its only the sweet corn boiling

For I have walked away. (p.272)

The poets by Lucy Lovett in page 272. In the ending She noted down words to describe her feelings about New York, and soon the city became a character, as real to her as any other. She thought about her life back in London and her life now. What she had wanted to be and what she had become. And she was successful as writer in New York.

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CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSION

This chapter will draw a conclusion based on the discussion in the previous chapters. Based on the analysis done by the writer, the first it concluded that Lucy’s characterization is represented though her physical, speeches, and actions, feeling and thought, and other characters toward her. Through those, it is found that Lucy’s characterized are: an ordinary woman, kind person, beautiful girl. Lucy described as sentimental girl, lover, and humorist girl.

The second is finding about what are the feminist through struggle of Lucy with her family and her relationship with her best friends. Male power over women is consolidated by ideological myths about women (that they are naturally passive, that they have maternal instincts and so forth). These myths are part of a powerful

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AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY

Anne-Marie Casey was a script editor and producer of prime time television drama for ten years before becoming a writer full time. She has written scripts for films and television series in the UK and Ireland and her stage adaptation of 'Little Women' enjoyed a sell-out run with rave reviews. She is currently working on her second novel and a stage adaptation of 'Wuthering Heights'.

Her debut novel 'No One Could Have Guessed the Weather' (US title) / 'An Englishwoman in New York' (UK title), was inspired by her experiences living in Manhattan with her family and her love/love relationship with the city. She is married to the novelist Joseph O'Connor and they now live in Dublin with their two sons.

The genesis of this book was very specifically the time she spent living in Manhattan with her family the year she turned 40. Although she studied English Literature at Oxford University and had been a writer in TV and Film for many years, His had not considered fiction, despite the encouragement of her husband, a novelist, and her dear friend and film agent, who both said they had an instinct She could do it. During the time in New York, almost despite herself, His bought a notebook and started to write down ideas and thoughts (exactly how Lucy does in the final chapter).

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the recession came and bit hard in Ireland and the two shows she had been working on were cancelled. For this reason she found herself with the time to try and write some stories.

After about 20,000 words she showed the work she had to her agents in the UK and asked them frankly to tell me if she was wasting my time. They said no, so she kept going and from that point the characters she was writing took over and she became extremely curious as to what would happen to them. All the time she was writing, she thought about the sort of book she would like to read herself, that might reflect the truth of her life and the lives of my friends.

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SYNOPSIS

When Lucy a wealthy London housewife, finds out that her husband has lost everything, she has a minor breakdown. Her life is over, right? She has to give up her housekeeper, her acupuncture, and her sons’ expensive school to live in a tiny

apartment in New York City. At first she’s figuratively lost and resentful, until she

meets a few other women she can relate to. First she meets Julia, who has just left her husband and two children, Christy, a trophy wife, and Robyn, whose once promising novelist husband refuses to grow up. Their four stories intersect, highlighting the wants, needs, and desires of modern women.

Homesick and resentful at first, Lucy soon embarks on the love affair of her life—no, not with her husband (though they’re both immensely relieved to discover they do love each other for richer or poorer), but with New York City and the three women who be friend her.

There’s Julia, who is basically branded with a Scarlet A when she leaves her

husband and kids for a mini nervous breakdown and a room of her own; Christy, a much older successful man’s trophy wife, who is a bit adrift as only those who live

high up in penthouses can be; and disheveled and harried Robyn, who is constantly compensating for her husband who can’t seem to make the transition from

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writer, respectively—have worked themselves into a state of delirium trying to financially support their husbands and families. The group connects through their kids, all of whom attend the same New York City public school. There are quite a few hilarious scenes of the moms and their kids together, including one in which they all attend a horse-therapy course where the skittish animals are supposed to guide the students into new states of emotional awareness.

Sometimes what you want in your twenties is not what you want or need in your forties. Spot-on observant, laugh-out-loud funny, yet laced with kindness

through and through, 'No One Could Have Guessed the Weather' is for anyone who’s asked, “Is that all there is?” and hoped for a surprising answer.

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Works Cited

Klein, Viola.1984.”The historical background” in women: A feminist perspective

(Third edition). Jo Freeman. California: Mayfield publishing company.

Michel, Kurt.2014. Book reviews “No One Could Have Guessed The Weather” by

Annie-Marie Casey. URL.http://www.popcornreads.com/fiction/no-one-could-have-guessed-the-weather-book-review-giveaway/ (available online).

A thesis by Muhammad Farid A. 2014.Feminist In Jalal Ad-Din Rumi’s The Book Of Love, Chapter Nine: Absence. University of Surabaya

A thesis by Celia Winkler.Feminist Sociological Theory.The University of Montana, USA

David Carter.2006. Literary Theory Bowles and Klein.1994 Feminist Theory Michael Foucault. 1976. Theory of Feminist.

Holman, Hugh.1986.”A handbook to literature”. New York: Macmillan publishing

company.

Hornby, AS.1995. Oxford advanced learner’s dictionary. London. Oxford university

press.

A thesis by Yusuf Candrarimeki Sundiartiko 2010.Violence in Shakespeare’s King Lear.University of Surabaya.

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Internet source:

http://www.oprah.com/book/No-One-Could-Have-Guessed-the-Weather#ixzz3whOUbhE4

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