The effect of familiar and unfamiliar reading topics on the students reading comprehension achievement - Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya Repository

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(2)

APPIINDIX t

T[]E CAI-CtJr.A'ilON OF ALPI{A REL|ABll.lTY (ELECTRICITY)

Sutrject Ntrmbcr of item '[otal

Scorc

Squarc o[ -lblal

ScorE

2 .l 4 5 r,l 7 n

I ₈ ₈ _{l 0} _I ₆ ? l _{l 5} t 2 741 5,416

2 l 0 t0 t0 8 l 8 I 8 l 6,561

3 6 6 6 6 o 0 3 8 1 1 . 4 4 4

4 '1 1 E 9 l 0 l 0 l l'l 20 EE 1.744

5 6 5 9 5 7 6 l 8 n ) / 3.249

6 .I 'l ,| 7 7 ) l 3 l 6 69 4.761

'7 'l

6 6 I 7 l 0 62 3.844

I 8 t 0 l 0 6 l 0 t 5 t ) ta2 6,724

9 6 6 6 6 la t l 6 l 1 , 1 2 1

{) It x l 0 I t 0 t 0 20 2U |X) e.2 t(,

I tt 8 l 0 8 l 0 I 79 6.241

2 E 6 7 t 0 9 0 50 2,5m

I 7 (, t0 t 0 l 0 t2 '12 5 , t8 4

4 l 0 l 0 It) 8 l 6 85 7.225

5 8 t 0 t0 5 l 9 I 8 84 7.056

6 8 8 t 0 l 0 t 0 l 0 l 0 I 6 8 2 6;124

7 E 8 6 q 8 I 20 E2 6,7 24

t 8 E e _{l 0} _{l 0} t l l 1 7(! _6,741

() 'l

7 l 0 l o I E l 8 E5 7.225

20 't It 5 5 9 t 5 7 6,1 4,09(r

2 l 6 8 8 8 5 t 5 66 4.356

22 7 9 6 6 3 t 8 62 I,E44

7 2 6 8 4E 2,104

24 () 9 I O 9 1 5 '12 5. t8.1

25 L 6 (t _{l 0} ₅ ₅ .l ₆₂ _l.lr,l4

2(' 7 8 l 0 5 l ( ' t{( ( ' , 1 { I )

27 7 () l 0 l 0 l(r '11\ 6.O8.1

: 8 ll 6 l 0 5 9 It ,5 58 -1,164

2 9 rl l{ 9 t l t6 't7 -s.929

l ( , 1 , I t2 l 2 71 5 ,J1t t

fr

223 2t I . t 3 2 1 5 2.15 r(r7 116 21,s2 l 5 r { . 7 1 |

l l

' l ( J 'lr)

l l l 0 l() l o l 0 l ( {.61 I .10,1

I''

l ( , 7 1 l . , j l i l l 9 4 e tr79 ).0()') i 1 9 5 566:

(r-)'

,19129 .l,ll{.1 r , l \o l 5 5 : 1 5 -i6 | at) r,o(i:5 l . l , l ( , , 1 . 1 l.l l i76 6075,5',1

0 46092r ) 7 9 1 9 - 5 . 1I 5x I rn ){).t.71983506:l 679.1 I L.it 5057 2.1 322t9 I2.7,1021 'tl l--50.7 I {r5

(3)

l l r i

ft". .' +... :

; : : '

' ' '

**t

: 1 ,

I

',-t _i: ,:

(4)

APPENT}IX II

't

HE Cn t .ct rl.Al'loN or; At.pHA lrrt.tAIlil.t.t.y (l]ANKtNG)

Suhject _{Nrrmtrr:r ol ltcm} 'lirlul

Scoro S(Iurc ol' Total Scorc

2 .l 5 6 1 ll

E 6 9 8 l 0 l 5 t 0 74 5176

2 6 8 9 8 8 t 0 5 63 t969

E 8 9 t 0 6 {l t 8 I 8 l 656 |

4 '1 It 9 rt l 0 20 20 9 l 821{ |

5 8_'l 8 t 0 l o 9 E l 0 20 li.l 6l{89

7 't 6 E 7 tl l 0 60 -ra,ut

7 6 6 7 6 ₅ ₅ 49 2,1{}l

8 7 (, 6 G 6 56 l l l ( '

I 5 7 5 5 5 'l 3 0 37 | 169

0 6 (, 'l '7 ll 8 2 l 4 68 462.1

7 8 lr 8 .) ₅ _t5 't7 ₅₉₂₉

2 7 ta ll t 0 (, L 9 76 5776

3 ft l 0 6 5 -5 t . t (,8 ₄₆₂₁

4 8 8 1 9 9 9 t 5 5I l(,)

5 8 8 tl l 0 t 8 t 77 5919

6 7 6 I E E 6 2t) 6 80 64ftr

7 E 8 9 6 <) _{t 0} ₂₀ _E,I _105(t

E 7 6 6 7 7 0 0 59 148 |

t ( ) 6 7 r, 8 6 7 G2 Itt4,l

20 7 8 t(.) 9 l 0 l 0 4 2t) lr8 't741

8 'l 9 I 9 t 0 0 t 0 72 5 t8.1

22 7 7 6 (r ₅ ₅₆ _{I | .14}

23 7 7 6 lt 6 7 4 l(r 6 l l't 2l

6 8 l 0 t 0 t 0 l 0 l l ltl 8 l 6889

25 7 ll 6 t 0 l i l t t4 20 lr.l 6&{9

1 (r 1 (' () 1 t 0 58 l.l(r4

2'l 7 ,7 6 6 6 6 2 t 5 )) 3025

),'

l 9 l 197 207 210 204 32(r I 8 7 4 114626

n 21 27 2'l 27 x7 i5 | t876

L r '

t.167 t 4 5 : l l ( r 5 1 1694 t6fi, l 7 4 9 4614 4'l'lt)

(t')'

3(r481 38809 41449 4 4 1 0 0 4 l ( r l 6 453(r9 t06276 106276

0.6096E7o.(frt t4 2.5384622. r133 33112.487l',tg2.64102626.8404(r32.O7 t23 70.t22507 t2 t 7 5 . 2 5 0 7

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APPENDIX NT

TIIE CALCULATION OF ANOVA

Formula I z 3 A .? f 6 8 9 t 0 l l

t 2

l 3 l 4 l 5 1 6 1 7 l 8 t 9 20 2 l 22 23 24 25 66 70 6 7 75 77 82 76 50 85 56 85 50 92 90 63 73 75 46 t ) 80 78 5 2 46 78 76 79 5 2 I J 70 78 5 8 60 65 7 l 90 45 I J 62 85 90 68 65 I J 94 76 5 0 46 78 76 70 82 6 l 69 56 74 82 5 6 78 90 80 63 60 82 26 47 5 8 62 45 ) l 80 72 56 63 30 52 70 50 63 40 45 72 5 2 3 7 60 3 5 5 6 72 60 3426201 _3254416

A. The Calculation ol-Sum of Squares j : 4

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(Lyy'ii)-- 46s43o

x = l x i - 6 6 7 5

( _{1 2 \}

ss, =

lI

*', -i) - 23473.16

..* -

(I x'i)- ,"

" o , = - n - t t = 6 3 g l , q SSr = 55, -SS, = 17081,76

B. The table of ANOVA

d f ( T o t a l ) : . l n - | d f ( B e t r v e e n ) : J - l

df (Within) - df ('foral - Betweem) F o : M S r ; - M S w

The Testing I Iypotheses l l o : F o ( l j ( 5 % ; , th c r c trcatlncnts

Ha : Fo > lj(5oln), therc treatments

Concl usion

Because F observation is greater than F(5%), 71,97 > 2,68, so Ho is rejected. Hence we conclude that there is a significance difference as the result ofdifferent

treatments

is no significance difference as the result of different

is a significance difference as the rcsult of diffcrent

Source of

Variance

df SS M S Fo

F(s%)

Between Within

3 96

6391,40 17081.76

2130,467 177,935

I t , 9 7 2,68

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(9)

APPf,NDIXW

THE CALCULATION OF TUCKEYMETHOD

Where:

The mean of IPA-F :74,04 The mean of IPA-UF : 67,32 T h e mean o f I P A - F : 7 2 , 1 6 The mean of IPS-UF : 53,60

Thc calculat ion ol' I ISI)(5ozi,): df .. 9e

M S : 1 7 7 , 9 3 5 q: 4,50 (from table) j : 4

HSD(5%)= q

n 1 :2 5 n 2 : 2 5 n r : 2 5 n a : 2 5

Treatments _Difference_of

means (d)

Conclusion

IPA-F Vs IPA-UF IPA-F Vs IPS-F IPA-UF Vs IPS-UF IPS-F Vs IPS-UF

6,72 r , 8 8

13,72

18,56

no significance no significance

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APPENDIXV

TI.IE CALCUI-ATION OF ITEM DISCRMINATION AND ITEM DIFFICULTY

A. First Passage: H,lectricity

where the notation:

I is the students who have correct answers

0 is the students who have wrons answers

while the weigh of each item for correct answers:

i t e m l : 8 ilern 2: 8

i t e n r l: 1 0 i t e m 4 : l 0 r t e m 5 . l ( ) l t o n l () : l 0

itenr 7: 20 item 8: 20

Subject ) J 4 f 6 7 8 Total

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Number of item

Difficuhy lndex Discrimination Index

I

,,, -X-t6,6vo

rr=ff=o,oo

2. 24

FV =- = 8o7o

n =E! =o,zt

3 .

,, =#= roo%

/ ) = E = 0 $ 0

4 . 2 0

F'V =

30_60%

t 2 - 8

D = -1i- =0,26

5 . 20

F V = - - 6 0 0 / o

o=9{ _o.zo

6 . 2 l

, r r t = , : n _ 7 0 %

r= lfq = o,r:

7 . l 6

t"t/ =

1o-53'1.h

8 - 8 / ) =

, , = 0 , 0 0

8 t . l

r,'v =-io-469,6

/ ) = L r j = 0 , 5 3

Formula /t

L ' I / _ .

-" - _N

-corrccl answer

number _of _leslee

t) correcl (l - un'recl L

tl

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B.

APPENDIXVI

THE CALCULATION OF ITEM DISCRIMINATION AND ITEM DIFFICULTY Second Passage

Subiect I 3 4 ) 6 7 I Total

u p p e r

s

f o u p I , J 4 5 6 7 8 9 l 0 l l l 2 l 3 l 4 I I I I I I I I I I I 0 I I I I I I I I I 0 I I 0 I I t I I I 0 I I I I I 0 I I I I l 0 I I l I I I I I I I I I l I I I l 0 I l 0 I I I l l 0 I I 0 I I 0 I 0 I I 0 0 I I I 0 0 0 I I 0 0 I 0 0 0 I I 0 I I I 0 I 0 0 I 0 0 0 9 l 88 84 83 83 83 8 l 80 77 77 76 74 73 72 I o e f r o u p l 5 t 6 t 7 t 8 l q 20 2 l 22 25 z o

2 7 (

0 I I I I 0 I 0 I I I I I I I I 0 I 0 I I 0 I 0 0 0 0 0 I I 0 I o I I 0 0 0 0 I 0 I 0 I I 0 0 0 0 0 I 0 I 0 I I I 0 I 0 I 0 o 0 I 0 0 0 0 0 o I 0 I 0 0 0 0 0 I 0 0 o o 0 o 0 0 I o o 68 68 63 62 6 l 60 5 9 5 8 56 56 5 5 49 J 7 where the notation:

I is the students who have correcl answers

0 is the students who have wrong answers

While the weigh of each item for correct answel i t e m l : 8

item2: 8

item 3: l0 itom 4. l0 item 5: l0 item 6: l0

(14)

Number of item

Ditllcultv Indcx Discrimination Index

L 24

l;v = - _ggo/o

,, =#- j| = o,'u

2.

F V = # = 8 l o / o

t)=#-13=oo

J . 1 9

I ; V -

n - 7 0 V o

,,=#-f,=o,"

4 . l 8

I ; V =

2 7 _ 6 6 o h

D

=#-fi = o,ro

) .

,r, =#=620/o

,r=#-fr=n,+z

6. l 5

ltv -

n -55o/o

,r=*- f,--o,or.

7. 9

,,'V =n=30o/o

,,=*-fr=o,ro

8.

F V = * = n %

''=

7

ro-*=o':s

2

Formula

FV

=#=

correcl answer

number _{_of _testee}

U - correct L

D _

n

n=50o/o X 27:13,5 n 1 : 1 4

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db PenF-h,t

TARLE VII

pmbilutq ' d b

u

t l

t a

ot

I t , r l r0 lt.l . 0 t t r l . r t t . t t .lrr r r.l .o, lt.t . 0 t l r ,

, t t 0 , r o t l l ,0, to I .01 .lr. r

. r , | n

, t 0 a . t { .0, t tf . 0 t I r.t . l l l . o e . 1 0 | 0 6 . 0 t a e l .01 | t.l . l t r . i l . t 0 J . r l .0t 1.99 . 0 1 n . t

. t , r r t . r 0 J t t

.0, I tr

. 0 r r ) | . l t t . t l . t 0 , . . 6 . 0 t t . J l . 0 r | 1 . , . r , t . l I . r 0 J . t 6

.0, ,. D

. 0 t l 0 |

l . r r l . r l I r f l . a t . r . I . r t, t . r t t . l f l o l . l l l . . l l . 0

r l r t l 0 t r ! t r r l.rr ,.t t ,1..1| Llr t . r . t r l, l r . . l l t r t f l t r l

, r l l { . 1 l : r I : t I t l I r i t l r I l l t

I r r t 0 ! a o l . t 9 t I l a t o t I t.t I t . o I r l I r f I {r .r J, a l , l r l l o , l 0 t t . ' l L r l J.ol .l 0l . . l | | l l

t . r t t r c

t t r 0

, r , I t l , I r J r e r t9 e 99

| $ I e r

, 6 t l . 6 l

,.!r l.I,

a l t I r l

t , f l | @ , $ I t l J..t t .l It , r o I c l

r I t r l a t r r l t l

:.rr :r 1

t.t, . :r t, t..r t I lr

l l ' l l f I l t t t f l

I r { t . l

, . t . t l : l

I r t r l r t l r I

t.or LDr

.l tt .lu

a o r a @

l a t l r . t I r l I r l LJI .l .rl a r , a l , l o . t t 0 |

L l r I I t l . f r l . e a . . l l . l 0 I t 0 , 9 , t t 0 1 6 9 , t t I D l r ! , e l 6 t . e , l t g t 6 t , . J e L l 6 t . . I t t t a 0 ! ' , , c I

I.yr r.!o r .tr

f i t , J | t t |

xr, l1l :tt

J r ! l l l t t t f t n l l r t . u 1 r 0 t r l l f l t r o r r l ' ' l

, | l , l r l . r t t { r t . l r t l r r $ r t r . t r t

.uf lr.t l

t.o0 lot I tu l0r

r J l . r . l r r n . 0 J

I tr t.'r t..rr t.ll

l t 0 t a . t l r . 0 l r . ,

r l l I t t t . r l y r , _{t o t} _{t o t} t t , l r l l r .

.t .rt. J .tr t.tt

I lt t..0 t.t I

l f a | l . | ' . a

ltr c9r '!.r

I r r I { t l . t l t | l , l t t . D

I tt I ll t.ta

I r t t r t i l . |

I Ot l,0l t,or

J.r, ,.r l t.!(,

J.tt t.u t.f I

t . . t l . I l r . a t r r l . t f t . t f . t . r o , l t , . l t | , a a ' l a . 3 l

t0. t f.tl t.lt

t . r t r . l t l . t t

l.rt :.!l l.eo

I o0 r.0t r.cp

t t t l . f t l . t l I e r | $ L G I t r 0 l 6 t , e t l 6 r l G o ) t f c c l 6 t r 6 r , r . , 1 . | l l e l , t . I . l . r o , J t , . l l l r l t , , t r , t $ r . t r l . l r l . r l 1 . . , , r 0 l l l J t . l t 0 , 0 t I t 6 l r r l l l f r t

I r r

l\o

i

f r l l l t

Itr

ur

i r r

t , l l t o l l r t

I r t J. rt L r t t.l.]

t . l | L l r l . t t l . t t . r . r l l , l r L l l . l . l I t , t l l . l t { . t , { . . r 9 t o . t t . r r t l t t t t

I D t . t l l t l J 0 , , ? { , l l . r t . l l l 9 t t . t , l t l r l

t. r0 t . r 6 r . t a r $

r e a l . t l 6 a l e a . r . l t l . e l I . l l , . r l I r a r . o t l . l a l 6 r I c l l , r l t . o l a 6 . r t . a t t . a l I e t | 6 l , 0 t , . l l l c l l e l r t a , . 1 6 ) a , l . l r o l 0 . 9 9 e . l 6 0 {

t . ( o l . t I l ) , . t

I t a a

l l

) ,

(16)

TABI,E VIII

It 16A-ll I{34 : ta ( q, tobte)

rh l , t o o t . o a o t . o z e t . o r o t , 0 0 6 t k

I 3 4 5 6 7 8 I l0 l l L2

r.3

r{

1 5 40 60 t20 l n f

3 ,0?8 I .886 I .638 t . 5 3 3 1 . { ? 8 I . 4 4 0 t . 4 1 8 I .397 1 , 3 8 3 t . 3 7 2 1 ,363 l. 358 r . 3 5 0 t .345 t . 9 l l l .33? r . 3 3 3

I .333 I .328 r . 3 2 5 I . 3 2 3 1 . 3 2 1 t . 3 l s I . 3 t B I . 3 t 6 t , 3 1 5 1 . 3 1 4 l . l 3 r 1 . 3 1 1 I . 3 1 0 1 , 3 0 3 r . 2 9 6 I .20S 1 . 3 8 2

8 . 3 I d 2.92O 2. 353 2 , 1 3 2 2 . 0 1 5 LS43 I ,695 t . e 8 0 I .833 I . 8 1 2

t 2 . 7 0 6 3 1 . 8 2 1 4 . 3 0 3 6 . S 6 5 3 . r € 2 { . 5 4 1 2 , 7 7 8 3 . 7 4 7 2 . 5 7 t 3 . 3 6 5 2 . 4 4 7 3 . 1 4 3 u . 3 6 5 2 . 8 9 8 2 , 3 0 8 2 , 8 S 6 2 . 6 2 0 z . 8 z l 2 . 2 2 8 Z . 7 U 1 . 7 9 0 2 , ? O L 2 . 7 1 0

| .782 2. l7S Z ,681

t . ? 7 1 2 . 1 6 8 2 . 6 5 0 l . ? e t 2 . 1 4 5 2 . 6 2 4 1 . 7 5 3 2 . 1 3 1 2 . 6 0 2 r . 7 { 6 2 , 1 2 0 2 . 5 8 3 1 .7 4 0 Z . l t 0 2 . 5 6 ? r . 7 & r 2 . 1 0 1 2 . S 5 ? 1 . 7 ? 9 2 . 0 8 3 2 . 6 3 8 t , 7 2 5 2 . 0 8 8 2 . 5 2 8 l . 7 ? r 2 . 0 8 0 2 . 5 1 0 t . ? l ? 2 , 0 7 4 2 . 5 0 8 t . ? 1 4 2 . 0 6 S 2 . 5 0 0 1 . ? 1 1 2 . 0 6 4 2 . 4 9 2 l . ? 0 8 2 . 0 6 0 2 . { 8 5 l . ? 0 6 2 . U 2 2 , 4 3 7 t . ? 0 3 2 , o $ 2 2 . { 7 3 t . ? o l 2 . U 8 2 . < 1 6 ? t . 6 0 0 2 . 0 1 5 2 . 4 6 2 1 . 6 9 ? 2 . U 2 2 . 4 5 ?

r . 884 2.O21 t . 6 ? r 2 . 0 0 0 1.650 l 880 1.6,15 1.060

2 . 4 2 3 2 . 3 9 0 2 .358 2.326

6 3 . 6 5 ? I , 8 . 8 2 s 2

5 . & 4 1 3 < t . 6 0 1 4 4 . 0 3 2 5

3 . ? 0 7 6 3 . 4 9 0 7

. r iqq n

3 . 2 5 0 B

3 . 1 6 8 l 0 3 , 1 0 6 u 3 . 0 5 5 l Z 3 . 0 1 2 1 3 2 . 5 7 7 1 4 7 . , U 7 l 5 2 . 0 2 1 1 6 2 . 0 0 0 1 7 2 . 8 7 0 1 8 2 . 0 6 1 l D

2 . U 3 Z O

2 . 0 5 1 2 . 0 l B 2 . 8 0 7 2 . 7 9 7 2 . 7 8 7 2 . 7 1 9 2 . 7 7 1 2 . ? 6 3 2 . 7 5 8 2 . 7 5 0 2 . 7 U 2 , 6 6 0 2 . 6 1 7 2 , s 7 6

2 l z2 23 24 25 26 21 2S 29 30 {0 60 t 2 0 tnf l6 l? I B l0 20 2 l 22 ?3 24 25 26 z7 z8 29 30

L ( 6 r r r o ) t ( t t r l a )

(17)

QUESTIONNAIRE

Tick (ll Yes or No Topic : Banking

l. There are two kinds of account namely, savings account and cunent account

I ves

nNo

2. You can earn interest on a current account.

I Yes

nNo

3. Banks lend money to depositors who need capital.

n Yct

nNu

4. The main profits of a bank comes from lending money at a fixed rate of interest.

I ver

l N o

,5. Money is rrsuallv clescribed as "liquiditv" of rnoney.

I Yes

6, Aie you farniliar rvith this topic?

I ves

[ ] N n

f r,,ro

7. IIyou are lhmiliar, wherc do you get the knowledge about the topic'l

I Text book I Newspaper

f, Magazine

(18)

QUESTIONNAIRE

Tick ( yl Yes or No Topic: f,lectricity

l. With a light tumed offno current will flowbut there will be voltage at the switch

I ves

nNo

2. Plastic or vinyl are often used as conductors.

flYes

I N o

3. Voltage can be created by a battery

flves

nNo

4. When a switch is turned on, voltage will prevent current from flowing.

n yes

X r,ro

Electricity is made of electrons.

l_J Yes D No

Are you farniliar rvith tlris topic?

I vc'

l-l Nu

7. [f you are firmiliar, rvhcrc do you gct the knowledge about this topic?

5 .

6 .

I Text book I Ner,vspaper

(19)

ELECTRICITY : THE FORCE THAT TRANSFORMED THB WORLD

In order to talk about electricity, it is necessary to talk about the atom. The idea of the "atom" has along hist6ry, one extending back to about 600 BC and the time of the ancient Greeks. They believed that all matter was made up of atoms.. The word "atom", in fact, comes from the Greek word "atmos", which means "invisible". It was not until 1897 that it was.discovered that the atom is not indivisible but is composed of even smaller particles. Among these particles is one called electron.

Electrons orbit around the center or nucleus of the atom, much as the planets in ths solar system orbit around tfre sun. Electrons are closer to the nucleus are held more tightly than those in the outer orbits. It is the electrons in the outermost orbit of certain kinds of atoms that can be made to flow as electric current.

Electrons flow easily through certain kinds of materials called "conductors". Many metals, such as silver, copper, gold, and aluminum, are good conductors. Good conductors are used in electric circuits to provide a path for the current.

Other substances provide strong resistance to the flow of current. These substances are called "insulators", which are used to confine a curent to the desired path. Substances, such as hard rubber, glass, wax, and certain kinds of plastic, are good insulators.

The pressure that makes electrons flow along wires is called "voltage". Voltage may be generated by a gpnerator at a power plant or by an electric battery. When you turn on a light or an electric appliance, electrons are drown from a generator at a power plant. Whep you turn the light off, there will be electric pressure or voltage built up at the switch,$ut no current will flow. lt is somewhat similar to the way a water system works.

A nsw er these q ues tio rts.

l. What is electron?

2. What is the similar bctrvccn plaqct and clcctron'l 3. Florv thc clectron can produce eleclric current'/

4 What are the ditlerences lretween insulator and conduckrr? 5. Choose thc things bclorv. which oncs are good conductors

glass, pocclain cup, Inercury in t\ermometer, and wool rnaterials 6. Why plastic or vinyl cannot be a good conductor?

7. How does the electricity rvork in lightening the lamp?

(20)

BANKING

Banks are closely concerned _{with the flow of money into and out of the}

economic. _{They often co-operate}_{with governments}

in efforts to stabilize economies

and to prevent inflation. _{They are speciilists}_{in the business}

"rprr"ior"i"apitar, and in allocating funds on credit. Banks originated as praces to ;ii;h p"fi" took their valuables.for

llfe keeping, but today-th" gr"ut banks of ttre worli nave many

functions in addition to acting as guardlans oivaluable private;:*r;i;;,

Banks normalry receive money _{from their customers}_{in two distinct}_forms:_on

current account, and on deposit account. with a cufr€nt eccount , a customer can

issue personal cheques. Noinrerest _{is paid by the bank on thi. t;}

"'f ;;nt. with a deposit accounr, however, _{the customer}_undertakes_{to reave}_{hir;;;"y;irr.}

u*r ro, a minimum specified period _{of time..Interest}_{is paid}_{on tt ir'ooi"y.}--' "' '

The bank in turn rends the deposited _{money to customers}_{who need capitar.}

This activity earns interest _{for the bani, this interest}_{is armost}_always_{at a higher rate}

than anv interest _{which the bank pays to its depositon.}_{In this ;tii,;;;}

makes irs

main profits.

Y_"_:li-:"t that th.e primary function of a bank today is to act as an

y:T:g1?ty between

depositois

who

wish

to

"rt"in;"il,",. i;;""k.:;:#'J#

:::":*,:::Tf_Tll'_r:"*,.9f

lonev ngwing

; ;;d ou,

-il.ir,i,

reason,

rrrrr _{! vrl|{t|lra I,}

:::::L'::::1jlly':

oren talk of -on"y being-..tiquid,,,

or the ..tiquidify,,

of

v l

Sllll:,Y:lljlilf

:y'.*hich might

not otherwise

be uied

as

"uJirul

are

rendered

useful simply because _{the bank acts as a reservoir.}

Thc system of banking rests upon a basis of trust. Innumerabre _{acts of trust}

:g:-"_

l-"

b:l1c in ce

rtain

prcdictabte

*uy, in rctarion

,,

"".r,

.,,r,".,

;; l"

'.#,",

to the rapid fluctuations _{ofcredit and debit, consequently}_business

can be done and cheques _{can be written without any legal tender visibry}

"trunging rrunar. "

A nswer these questiorts.

t . 2 .

4 . 5 .

6. 7. 8 .

In what way do banks co-operate with govcrnments? What was the original function _{of a bank?}

what are the differences between _{current account}_{and deposit}_account? What does the customer agree _{to do when he opens a deposit account?} How does the bank makes its main profit?

Why do financiers _{often talk of the ;.liquidity"}_{of money?} Do you know what facilities do a bank give io its customer?