REPRESSION OF EDGAR ALLAN POE'S REAL DESIRES IN HIS THREE SHORT STORIES: PSYCHOANALYSIS OF THE AUTHOR.

RNPRESSION

OI

EDGAR

A].LAN IOE'S

REAI

DESIRES

IN

EIS TEREE

SEORT

STORIES:

PSYCHOAN!]-YSIS

oF

TEE

AIITSOR

A

Theds

Suthitta.I

in

Pdtidl

FuWlMit

lo

ttt

Rcqrire@,tt@

rhe

Des@

Esajm

stin

RIZKI

FIRDAUS

05 18s

078

ENGLISH

DEPARTEME}iT

.

FAC'IILTY

OF

LETIERS

ANDAIAS

UN1VERSITY

Pd)AIiG

ABSTR]\r<

lenelitioinibe

siidentifikasiintensibawahsad&seorugpcnga.dgamln

rommlis Am€rika

Eds&

Allm

Poc

ydg

l€rgMbdlan

dalm

tiea ceriin

pddcknya

Thc Cask of

Anopti

llldo.

The

!a

ofrheriouseolUshcrdan-lhcMaskofIbcRcd

D$jI.

Meldlui

Nunsi kxrta

sasaa sebagai

b*tuk

distoui

ekslresi

lengtrars.y.,

penulis

Dc.jeldko

bahM

kclisa

ccrit

pc.dck

nerup,ld ldlnjudrn dk

Mdat

ldsar

Allu

Poe lentans

keinsinmya yds

teEpiesi.

Melalui

melode

peDelirio

kuariatil

pcnulis

nc.saplitdikd

rcori

psikomalisk

ymg dikenbmgkd

olch

sigBu.d

iEud

dalan

menCanalis

dat!

pdner.

Dalam

lubunsmya

de.sm

risa mna

psikjs

td

(!i;sip

*eseneneo).

es,

(pinsip

Mlit6)

dr

vr?r

es, tirinsip

modliiat,

korya-tar]a ldscbut

ncflpatan

h$il

rcpicsi

konnik

psikis

pcnadma

yen

kemb,li

ddm

benluk

sn{s

unluh

m€lewlli

sensor

eso

seba8ai

pengambil

keputusb.

Psulis

mengsuako

psiLoanclisis

dala

keEngkl etsnrtsif

d€ng

ncnghubungkan

biograli

pcngamng

ysg

helipuli

kehidrpm

kelutuBa,

kdir

kepenulism

do

kehidupm

sekibr

pen8m8

ds.8m

notif-nolif

yane

tcmmifcst6i

dald

reks.

M

ifeshsi

penaaeg

dard

kdica

erila

pendel menjidi

r,nduM

bdsi

lenulk

untuk mencntuko aksi oksi penyanaran

yans didcfinisikm rreud

dalM

leori

nimrinya

sepe.'i

iondenssi

pemindano

dln

ujud

q)resnr,s'

Belalui

tasfomai

pikn&

kedalm

sobdm

visu.l

serta

sinboli$i.

Ddi

€hpal

o€kmisdc ymg

dilenukd,

tdapat

dua

I

sfomsi

pikid

kedalm

smbde

visDal lmrang

kcbiMn

nenenggalr miDlman

kei6

(dahm

Ib

Cdsk

of Anonlillado),

pensalihan

d

kondcnsasi

dri

k.ndisi

so\iDl

Ams

,

(&

Falr

ofte

House

of

usher) sedr

kebelci{

pada bapak

agkh!

ttumn

lxbe.nh^is

1,1,

T[.

B.ctiroand

of

th.

R@rch

Thft

nust

be

!€sns

bchidd 6very

b€l8vid

rhal hunan b.ings cond@r

in

IiIe.

PrlnobF/

plays a

bl€

il

this study of

*hr

del@in

s

Foplet

nind

lo

b.havc

in

$tu

esls.

One

oI

lhe

ns!

@noveNiat

srudies on psycholo8y is

psychmlysis ddelop.d by

Sisned

F@d

(1856-1939).

It

mphsizos

rhc

ucoNious

6F.ls

th,t

struduF rhe

hum

t6}!he

(cEd.

et ar.

l2l

TnBUSh

iis

theopy,

Iod

Mines

de'r

fm

ol

prdoloaiMl

foes

dat

_{a61ict thc}

h@d

nind

sNh

a

eicty,

dep6iotr'

ard

pl$bias

vbicn

_could

ddre

_teople

tuouc!

hed

dis€€g.

sincc its

in€ption,

its

innuh€

h6

.rddded

t4 bqotd

clinidl

pEoti@ snd

h6

inn]md

riitirg

in

oultur, philMph),, micry

ed

on.

Daling wih

ani

FEud starcs thal

litetu,

Fodwr!

aE rhe

EplMution

of its

ani$'s

Ieling.

Thc Erario6hip

bdwd

ull:or

ed ilxt

is

Mlosous

10

dsnc6

and

tn.t r.n

G.ta

dd

widdoNso.

136). Ir

inplid

ihal we

tuy

idcntii,

what thc audoas

pFsne

in his

nind

s

it is

Eflftrcd ir

hn

w6ikl.

t1

CH4ITIER

T

INTRODUCIION

The study

of

psyclblos/

io

liteanu€

h6

o

coueclion

?ilh

one

of

dre

paiods

of

litcerure, Romontioim.

Abi,m

sttes in

iis clo3ss

of

Lired

Duils

the

Rabelic

Pcdo4 we lind widely p@riced aU

dR

vsiuts

ol

the

qitioal

prc€duEs

(srill

c!@i

roday)

thAt

!F

b6d

on

lhe

{$uDpiiod lhat

o

*od(

of litetluE

n

oftbted

wnt

ils

anrlb/s

per$lality

in ordcr 10

dplain

and inlearer a

lndlry work

(2)

ftllEncc

io

lireEry

rorks

in ordo

ro esrablish,

biosraphicalu

the

peno alily

of

lne autboi

and

(3)

the mode

ofreadins

a

lit€rrr

woi{

spccificatty in

oidd

ro exFienoe

lhe

dinincthc

subjodtivi9,,

oi oNiousncs.

of

is

Ticrcforc in

rh

pe.iod, il

6

be a$uned

ttat

psychologicd criricisn dool Nilfi a

work

ol

Iite€tu

prihdilt

as a licrional

fom

of

cxprsion

rhar slales lbe

mild

md

the

sldcrue ol

peronality

ol

lhe

individual atrthor,

this

appFach vieps liremtuE and an

a

a mode

6f

lhe

anisfs

fotasy

thal

oFns

rJre

*ay

baok ro

FroD

drat

vis?oin!

lhe

Fris

infc^

lld

P.e s

vorks niSnt

p.olidc

scvsal

evi'lerces tnrou8h his pesonal issues. His short

nori6

for

inshcq

arc

actualy the

shaDe

of

nis

oM

imprcsions

dd

fFlings on €vrtthinSs

hc experiaced. In The

C6k ofAfontillado-

the Ead€r

nay

l*d

lo one

cse ofthe

autlDi s

b.h.vior

4

!

drunk

d ll's

Blilty

fccling that

is

rep.6sed as he

srill

consmes

abnol

is manifested

indE conllicr.rLhe No

charsftEorfik

sh.n

ldge

All

Poe

in

thk

lre,

is

ircluded

6

one

.fAmcrjdn

forenost aulhar

with liteBry

ffer

that was

aolaimed

during

the

Bouric

period

i!

^hoih

@!nd

1800 1860.

lnlusced

by r,he

Eurcpan

movemed rhat ascned

lhe

porer

olthe

individual and lhe pusuiL ar reality oD

subjelive

expedenej ihe

rofrmlic

pdiod

bnilds

ib

speoial calegory BroDgh

lihhE

(Cd6

aid

McRac

iory.

ln 1 he t,all of rhe ltousc of ltsher. there h a

rclsii.n

ro

P.e\

r.al

desne oh

facins

iE

AnerioaD conditior in lhe

earll

l9lh ccntur]. ln

dal

slory, rhc auLhols

re*le$re$ loyad

ud$

developnerl in Amciics is rcncdcd

6

thc

cha$ctcls

\i.knc(

[r$atr]

n'mnndli'

.frh.

h.Dsc

wlilc

Th.

Mxqk.frhc

Rsd Dsrh

potmys

Poet

expre$ion for dr€ many

dath

evenls he €xpsiences. The slory

&al

describes rhe falal

elidcnio

ol

Red deatn ,

wlicn no.ne

could e$apd

cbb

its

death i,apact refds to

PGt

feelins

ol

sadnes

6

he sems to deliver rhe

n.ssa8.

enlitled Repr4sion

ol

Ed€ar

Allm

Pe\

Real Desnes

in

llis

Tlfte

Shon

Srori6;

Psrhom:ltsis

ofthc

uthoi

0Dl cvery'ning would &cc de.lh,

whei*er od

whcrcvcr you

ar

Thosc

sloris

co.tain

sone _l)roble'ns

thal

l€d

us

lo

rhe

audoas

t.l

cxperiene

i.

his

lile

d

hc docs nol

Ndt

!o adniL

it.

The wriler

p€reires

lhal

gd

Allh

Poc condusts rvbat

rreud

lheonzd

&s Repre$ion

t,

dppN

$c

mnoldce

or

DpleMl

f*lin3

he

n

concerned abolt into his undonsdidus

pM

ol

dind- Tho reprBsion

will

den

tnally

be

qpresed

unconsciously

h

his Norks

such

6

itr rhose

thra

shorl slorics.

Fmh

$ase

thsreliMl

,nd

hisldcal

reaons, lhe

witer

is

intedted

to

popose the sludy about

psrrlologisl

viN

of

Edgdr

Alld

loe

6

represented in

1bs

ol

his shod sroriB Thc cask

of

Anondllado. The Fall

.f

rfie HoNe

.f

Ikher

zrd

The

Malk

of

Tfi€ Read Dead in a

rs6rci

:r

1.2.

Tb€ldetrlilicatidn

of

th€Pmblcm

Ddear

Allo

Poe

b.ftmc

d popular

Amdice

adthor

d

hc nadc lhc

gc

e

ol

shod

eory

b€nd.

Hh

works often dFws such

boror md

obscuE

fad.iy

that

CH,{PIER V

CONCLUSION

Dds.r

Alld

Poe is iddniified to 6e

intolvsd

in

$mc

pFcesPs as

psvidcd

by lhe

dltd-Nork

such

6

displaMcn!

condcnslion

and considdELion

ot

rcprtsenrlbilily

lhoush

ransromation

into yisuat

inasc

and s)mbolizarion ro

deivc

the egccensor which

h6

EpEssed his

acn€l

rughr! bltoF.

Those

mflhanisms

ae

lor sure

Nill

reveal lhe

Hl

d6iEs

that aE disgnised in rhc

foft

ol

dle

ofEd3or

AIan

P@t

shol

sloi€s.

Tlrc

wier

fmds

rro

rrasfomation

or rhousht

i

o

vi$al

imascs in

!!9

Cdsk ofAmonrillado. It could b€

5m

6

atrhols imprsion

r@rd

his ddnldn8 habil. The @nflict oI his psyoholosical dnv€s of id and super eso lmnsroms inlo

rhe

connodalion

of

rwo

chracreN

in

rhis shon

$ory.

White the

suthor's repEssion

lo

ignoF

hn socill

evaluation

roMrd

his

qons

b.taliar,

n

nnall]

elesd

by his consience to wnish rhe habit ofdnnking et lhe end ofthe

sory

'Ir1en

in

_{Th€ Fall}

ol

_{The House}

or

rhhe.

ihe

_sulhor

is

unconsiously conducring the work

ol

displacement thbush hh

p€eml

fel;gs

ot

esd6snc$

ahod thc

Aberi-n urb{

cont

rl

in lhe

thid

ud

fou?.h de.ade ot llte ninersnrh

cdtury.

h

G

employsd

by

thc

revcNins

of

rhe inprovemenl

bmqhr

by

rhe

indstializtio.

wilh

lhe ledscapc

ol

siohes

surcundinA thc house

otusher

Tne

ch*erialion

buil

by Lady Madetine

onpreses

scvcFl larcnt thoudts

ot

Edca

Alle

Pc

s

rh. _{adnor. The ohaEctcr Fneols}

pe\

riws

ofthe

_naturc

or

*on

ina

Fopk

h

Aren€

6

he and

$n€

lamily memb€E hove sutrered

d

ihe

t.7

thmc

olsin s

audrols primitive dcsirc in r€luming 10 his

prin,ry naEissis

as _{hc sels} in his childhood. Ar

ld,

the Etum

orlhe

d€ath or lhe €nd

offie sldy

is

fsrmed

ro

h.nifesi

ldgf

Allan

Poe's fear

of

dalh ihrclah th. had lifc

and hi8h conpdnion ex!€rimoed in the ninelecnft cmtury.

ol RepFsion.

ThN

slolies

aE

not only

p.Mived

as a

lutasy

of

bomr

as thc

sme

dneded

lo

Eds4 Allan

Poct

wrks

but moE

to

the

authols

wish tulfillRen( rhar is depictcd

widin

it

Manwhile,

The

M6k oflhe

R€d Dcsth

my

evalule

as rhe

a$hor's

repr€$ion

towed

his batrcd upon his bsler

Iath€.

I

displace!

bt

th€ p€sLileec

of

Rd

Dad'vhioh

oauses rhe dealh of Lord Pmspes rhal G lhe

t

anslonnation of his losler Iather Jonn

Alm

in this shon

sbrr.

condtroion

in thc orhq way is

nad'feiins

Poe\

felinc ofnany

dealh

wers

thar he

*p€!ienc6

as

de

Esult

of

tlbeEulosis thar

h iu8tated

in the

chmcted$ics

of _"Rcd Dca$',.

Th@

is

d$

P@\

con$ienG

thFuel

rhe naturo ofdealh lhal is

conpF$ed

in the sinsle

my

to b€ome the

epidmic

of

Red

D€dt

lhat

cmot

b€ arcided in lhe sloly, Ar la5L roe's

ddilsslalion

ol

$oue"

in the

thr

shon

sods

is s@n as

th€ syfrbol

ofhis

adoEtion ro gei dE ai{ecrion loward hn

no6cr

and oth4

oijdl

of

lde

Aon

hn opDsile

sx.

That

slmbolizlion rlso

indi*ts

thc

anthor's tendmcy

ol

reCEssion sinc€

he

finds

a

way

to

E

og&$

through

thc

non

pl@nl

@ndnion

olhis

life- lhs atrsctim

ofhis

nother. Finolty, os b€ins said in

the

wilq's

objectiw ot lne

rseaEh,

lhc

@d6

fray

s*

thes

E lga! Allan

l@'s

153

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M.H. A

closw

of

Litew

Tems.

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qeinle

& Heide,

_a division of

Ttoruon

Ledils,

tnc,

1999.

Alkis,

tonathe-

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E.a

18251 844". Ed.

Bdney,

\vi[iu

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A

Comooion to

t

9th-CoiN

A6ede

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BtaclTell_

_2O(l

L

Bafy,

Peter.

Beeimine Theon: An

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I

irets

md

C\rlnrdi

rtcorv.

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PEssi

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ed

New

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d Jon

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Crilical

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ed

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Appalachi& Co

_cg€

trrLIr<

_

,,q'-,r

PFlFus14K4AN

!cud,

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veBioa

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15

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2009

<!ltp://\llw.abita.€on>

Cuelin,

\tilEd

L

et al.

A

liddbook

of

Crirical

Appmfh

lo

Lihture

46

cd

N€w

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Oxfor.l

U.jveEity

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I99.

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L

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