The study of illocutionary act found in Mata Najwa talk show on METRO TV : Eps. Tumbal Nyawa Sepakbola June 29th, 2016.

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THE STUDY OF ILLOCUTIONARY ACT FOUND IN

MATA

NAJWA

TALK SHOW ON METRO TV

( eps. Tumbal Nyawa Sepakbola June 29

th

, 2016 )

Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

the Sarjana Degree of English Department Faculty of Letter University of Islamic Studies Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

By :

VEBRILIAN LUCASWATI

NIM: A83210128

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES

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ABSTRACT

Lucaswati, Vebrilian. The study of illocutionary acts found in Mata Najwa talk

show on Metro Tv. Thesis. English Department, Faculty of Letter and Humanities, State Islmic University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Advisor : Dr. Mohammad Kurjum, M.Ag

Language is an important tool in communicating. Every utterance generated by speakers had a certain meaning and purpose. Meaning and the purpose can be delivered directly or indirectly. Therefore, the listener is expected to had the same understanding with the speaker so the meaning behind the speech can be known. In addition to having the same understanding with the speaker, the listener also needs to pay attention to the existing context. Sometimes the speaker reveals what is in his mind through action, this is called a speech act or more specifically called an action of illocutionary act ( an illocutionary act ).

The data sources of this research were the utterances found in Mata Najwa Talk Show. There was several steps for data collection, browsed the official website, and selected to classified an illocutionary act.

The results showed that in the Mata Najwa dialogue, the presenter using five types of speech acts in his speech; Directive, Representative, Commissive, Declarative and Expressive. Every kind of speech act they had a different illocution pressures.

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INTISARI

Lucaswati, Vebrilian. The study of illocutionary acts found in Mata Najwa talk

show on Metro Tv. Thesis. English Department, Faculty of Letter and Humanities, State Islmic University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Advisor : Dr. Mohammad Kurjum, M.Ag

Bahasa adalah alat penting dalam berkomunikasi. Setiap ucapan yang dihasilkan oleh pembicara memiliki arti dan tujuan tertentu. Artinya dan tujuannya bisa disampaikan secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Oleh karena itu, pendengar diharapkan memiliki pemahaman yang sama dengan pembicara sehingga makna dibalik pidato tersebut dapat diketahui. Selain memiliki pemahaman yang sama dengan pembicara, pendengar juga perlu memperhatikan konteks yang ada. Terkadang pembicara mengungkapkan apa yang ada dalam pikirannya melalui tindakan, ini disebut tindakan bicara atau lebih khusus disebut tindakan tindakan illokusi (tindakan ilokusi).

Sumber data dari penelitian ini adalah ujaran yang ditemukan di Talk Show Mata Najwa. Ada beberapa langkah untuk pengumpulan data, melihat-lihat situs resminya, dan memilih untuk mengklasifikasikan tindakan ilokusi.

Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa dalam dialog Mata Najwa, presenter menggunakan lima jenis tindak tutur dalam sambutannya; Petunjuk, Perwakilan, Komitif, Deklaratif dan Ekspresif. Setiap jenis tindakan bicara mereka memiliki tekanan illocution yang berbeda.

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TABLE OF CONTENT

Inside Cover Page ... i

Declaration Page ... ii

Dedidecation Page ... iii

Thesis Advisor’s Approval Page ... iv

Thesis Examiner’s Approval Page ... v

Acknowledgements ... vii

Table of Content ... viii

Abstract ... x

Intisari... xi

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study ... 1

1.2 Statement of the problem ... 21

1.3 Purpose of the study ... 21

1.4 Significance of the study ... 21

1.5 Scope and Limitation ... 21

1.6 Definition of key terms ... 22

CHAPTER II : LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Speech Act ... 23

2.2 Types of Speech Acts ... 25

2.2.1. Locutionary Act ... 26

2.2.2 Illocutionary Act ... 27

2.2.3. Perlocutionary Act ... 27

2.3 Illocutionary Act ... 28

2.4 Classes of Illocutionary Acts ... 29

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3. Commissives ... 30

4. Expressives ... 30

5. Declarations ... 30

2.6 Kinds Of Illocutionary Act ... 31

1. Direct Illocutionary Act ... 31

2. Indirect Illocutionary Act ... 31

2.7 Discourse Analysis ... 32

2.8 Pragmatics ... 33

2.9 Previous Study ... 34

CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHODS 3.1 Research Design ... 35

3.2 Research Subject ... 35

3.3 Source of Data ... 35

3.4 Data Collection Technique ... 35

3.5 Research Instrument ... 36

3.6 Data Analysis ... 36

CHAPTER IV : FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Findings ... 37

4.2 Discussion ... 48

CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION 5.1 Conclusion ... 51

REFERENCE ... 53

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Language is a basic need for human being. It is the most important communication device. By using language we can know information that we wanted.

In everyday life, we apply language in the conversation. Conversation is an interaction which runs regularly between two participants or more to reach the goal. Yule (1996:3) states meaning that is communicated by speaker will be interpreted by addressee. Because of that, the speaker and the addressee should have same shared knowledge so that the goal of the speaker can be delivered to the addressee.

In the era of globalization, the information can be obtained quickly and easily. That information can be obtained from a variety of media ranging from print media such as newspapers and magazines or electronic media such as television and social media. Technology today has grown rapidly, technological developments beginning of the emergence of printing technology ( mechanical ), audio technology, to the film technology which is a combination of mechanics and electronics.

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converts light and sound into electronic waves and converts it back into visible light and its voice can be heard. ( Soerjokanto 2003: 24 )

Of the many mass media such as newspapers, magazines, radio, television, internet and movies, it turns out that television is occupying the top level of interest to many audiences. Because of the advantages of television that displays information in an interesting way through audio visuals this is what makes it easy for audiences to receive information quickly and easily.

Television plays an important role in life in various aspects. For example, in the field of education, at a certain time according to each private television schedule or country, displayed events based on education, such as quiz intelligent scrutiny, debate seminars or seminars that support education.

Television is very important to us all, from the television we gained a lot of information on the various events that aired on television. From a variety of events on television one of which is a talk show. I think the talk show is a show where the host invite resource persons to discuss a particular topic or issue in accordance with the theme of the talk show.

According Morissan (2008) talk show or discussion program is a program that displays one or more people to discuss a particular topic that is guided by a host (host). Those invited are people with direct experience with the event or topic that is discussed or those who are experts in the matter under discussion.

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show entertainment and provide information, but on the other hand they are also rarely reap the criticism of the community because of their impressions that are less acceptable by society or certain individuals. The amazing television capability to penetrate boundaries that are hard to penetrate by other mass media. Television is able to reach geographically distant areas, it is also present in public spaces up to a very private space. Television is a combination of hearing and live (motion or live) media that can be political, informative, entertainment, educational, or even a combination of these three elements. Therefore, it has a very special nature.

In Indonesia there are several television stations, such as TVRI, RCTI, TV TRANS, METRO TV, NET TV, INDOSIAR, and etc. From the various television stations they have their own talk show program, for example Net Tv there areIni Talkshow, Metro Tv there are Mata Najwa, Kick Andy, Trans Tv there Dr. OZ Indonesia,Curahan Hati Perempuan, and etc.

Every day television stations provide various types of programs that are very numerous and very diverse. Basically anything can be used as a program to be broadcasted on television, the program is interesting and liked by the audience, and subs is not against the morals, laws and regulations apply. From the various programs presented broadcasting stations these types of programs are divided into two parts:

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A. Hard News (Hard News), is all forms of important and interesting information that must be broadcasted by the broadcasting media because of its nature that must be immediately aired in order to be known by the audience audience as soon as possible.

A.1. Straight News, a short story (not detail) that only provides the most important information only to a given event.

A.2. Featured, is news that displays light but interesting news.

A.3. Infotaiment, is news that holds information about the lives of people who are known to the public (celebrity).

B. Soft News, is an important and interesting information that is submitted in depth (indepth) but not necessarily aired.

B.1. Current Affair, is a program that presents information relating to an important news that appears before but made in complete and in-depth.

B.2. Magazine, is a program that displays light and deep information. Magazine emphasizes the interesting aspect of information rather than its importance.

B.3. Documentary, Is an information program aimed at learning and education but presented with interest.

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2. Entertainment program, is any form of broadcast that aims to entertain the audience in the form of music, songs, stories, and games. Programs that include the categories of entertainment are drama, music, and games (games).

A. Drama, is a show that presents a story about the life or character of a person or several people (characters) played by players (artists) that involve conflict and emotion.

1. Sinetron is a drama that presents the story of various characters simultaneously. Each character has their own storyline without having to be summed up into a conclusion.

2. Film, television became the latest media that can perceive the movie as one of the program because at first the purpose of making a movie for the big screen. Then the film itself is distributed to VCD or DVD after that new movie can be aired on television.

B. A game or a game show, is a form of program that involves a number of people either individually or in groups competing for something.

C. Music, This program is a show that shows the ability of a person or a few people at a location either in the studio or outside the studio. Music program on television is determined by the artist to attract the audience. Not only from the sound quality but also based on how to package the appearance to be more interesting.

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Characteristics of a television program always consider that the program is a popular event or can acceptable by the audience. Here are four related issues in the categorization of a television program:

A. Product, it means that the selected program material should be a greedy and expected to be liked audience intended.

B. Price, which means the cost to produce or buy the program as well as determine the price for advertisers who are interested in advertising on the program concerned.

C. Place, which means when the program's proper broadcast time. Choosing the right broadcast time for a program will greatly assist the success of the program.

D. Promotion, meaning how to introduce and then sell the event so that it can bring ads and sponsors.

A talk show or chat show is a television programming or radio programming genre in which one person (or group of people) discusses various topics put forth by a talk show host.

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hosts; in many cases, the shows have made their hosts famous. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk_show )

The talk show as a radio and television show was initiated by Joe Franklin in 1951 at WJZ-TV. As a premiere event, the show was well received by viewers in America. From 1962 to 1993, the talk show moved to WOR-TV. Thirty-one years is certainly not a short time for a television show.

Issues or themes and speakers on the talk show are two important elements, because as popular as anyone who the host certainly would not be interesting if the discussion and the speakers from talk shows can be just ordinary. Themes in the talk show can be anything, depending on the purpose of the talk show itself. The two most popular things used as a theme in the talk show are everything about current issues and things that are inspiring. If the current issue will be related to time, then the theme of inspiring usually will not depend on it even can be timeless.

Host or talk show host becomes the main point in this event. Hosts are key because they are the guides, where the talk shows are directed, he who explores the issues of the resource persons he faces. The power of this host is well recognized by the makers of television shows. On top of that was born a talk show with the host's name in the talk show title.

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followed by television in Indonesia, talk show talk show and Beautiful Morning, two talk shows are long aired on TVRI. Subgenres are not just about time-out, more than that will usually be related to the content or theme, the source, and the packaging.

In Indonesia there is Sarah Sechan, the host whose name is also used for talk show titles on Net TV. Television "wasteful" using the host name in the talk show isa Metro TV. On television that positioned itself as the news television was 'Just Alvin' which was guided Alvin Adam, 'Kick Andy' who guided Andy F. Noya, and 'Mata Najwa' guided by Najwa Shihab. TVRI public television did not want to miss also make a talk show with pinned host name on the show ie Sunday Night Together Slamet Rahardjo.

One talk show program in Indonesia is Mata Najwa. Mata Najwa is a Metro TV program featured a talk show hosted by senior journalists, Najwa Shihab. The talk show was aired every Wednesday at 20:05 until 21:30 pm.

Broadcast premiere since 25 November 2009, Mata Najwa consistently present interesting topics with a first-class speaker. A number of special guests were present and spoke at Mata Najwa, including former President BJ Habibie ( episode: Separuh Jiwaku Pergi ), former Vice President Jusuf Kalla ( episode:

Pemimpin Bernyali ), Menteri BUMN Dahlan Iskan ( episode:Komandan Koboi

), and Jakarta Governor Joko Widodo ( episode :Laga Ibukota).

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Mata Najwa was awarded Dhuafa Wallet is inspired Award as a talk show. In the same year, Mata Najwa entered into one KPI Award nomination category "Talkshow Terbaik". For three consecutive years from 2010 to 2012, Mata Najwa successfully elected as the brand most recommended by SWA magazine. Mata Najwa was also awarded The Word of Mouth Marketing Award in 2011. In 2014, entered the age of 4 years, Mata Najwa managed to get KPI Award as "Program Talkshow Terbaik". ( Http://matanajwa.com/read/about )

In certain episodes, Mata Najwa also staged an off stages episode that was held at some of Indonesia's leading campuses with guest stars and no less well known speakers. The enthusiasm of the audience is generally very high students. In fact, the audience is often involved in the event by throwing critical and sharp questions.

The theme of the talk show Mata Najwa very attractive, always lift the inspiring stories or to review the problem openly to the public. Resource persons that have to come by Mata Najwa program from the very well aware of the event or moment that will be discussed.

Of the public response is very positive, because people can be more aware of the events out there or a new problem that warm the talk.

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created by the author team. Moreover, the information from the research results can also be a material for confirmation at the speakers faced by the host.

As well as the successful 'Oprah Winfrey Show' on a talk show tour outside the studio, 'Mata Najwa' was watched by thousands of pairs of eyes while performing at State University of Jogjakarta with the current theme, From Jogja: Dare to Be Different. Then, until when 'Mata Najwa' will stay on television, no one can be sure. But at least, five years has passed by Najwa Shihab and his team to present an exciting spectacle in addition to entertainment that aired television.

Mata Najwa aired by Metro TV every Wednesday, at 20:05 always make a scene. Twitter's twitter about Mata Najwa continued to increase as the event went on both about the show itself and the featured speakers.

The speakers displayed by Mata Najwa are the people of choice. Some are really competent in their field and there are also resource persons selected for incompetence. We can see where the competent source and where the source is incompetent from the response viewers on twitter and in Kompasiana this. If a lot of chirp that denounces the Mata Najwa Sources then it is certain that the informant is incompetent. But on the contrary many people sympathize with the resource that is displayed then we are sure that the resource person really master the task that is being carried.

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When Mata Najwa aired at 9:30 pm many viewers could not see it, because the time was mostly resting before the show began, so many eye-catching episodes of Mata Najwa escaped the audience's response.

In this research Mata Najwa Talk Show ( eps. Tumbal Nyawa Sepakbola June 29th, 2016 )Discuss about the supporters who died in GBK at the time after watching football.

Football is one of the most popular sports in Indonesia. Of young children younger kids would love football. Each region then has a mainstay club, to create a name of supporters or supporters teams.

However, now football in Indonesia has evolved into entertainment and industry, as happened overseas. No doubt, the majority of Indonesian people from children, teenagers, parents, men, to women love the sport that is often called bal bal an.

Every soccer match in Indonesia is always waiting for the community. People flocked to the stadium to give support to his favorite team to compete. It can be seen when the National Team (Timnas) Indonesia compete.

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In english there is a hooligans is fanatical supporters in team teams. Their numbers are huge and fantastic. And not behind in Indonesia also has supporters or supporters of such fanatic football team. Here are 5 nicknames supporter supporters of the biggest football team and the most fanatical in Indonesia.

1. Viking ( the supporter of Persib Bandung ) 2. Arema ( the supporter of Arema Malang ) 3. Bonek ( the supporter of Persebaya Surabaya ) 4. Pasoepati ( the supporter of Persis Solo ) 5. Jackmania ( the supporter of Persija Jakarta )

Pasoepati is a supporters group from Solo city, the formation of this supporters group is not apart from the presence of Pelita Jaya club which was once based in the city of Solo in 2000. Precisely on February 9, 2000 was born a group of Pelita supporters who named the Soeporter Truthful Forces Pelita or abbreviated to Pasoepati. After Pelita club moved headquarters, recorded Pasoepati then support club Persijatim Solo FC, but that too not long, because Persijatim Solo finally moved the headquarters again which later became the forerunner of the club Sriwijaya FC. After the club Persis Solo get promotion to the main division, then finally Pasoepati become loyal supporters to this day.

As a football public and a learner who has a personality to keep on developing, the bad things that happen in our football world are not so easy to forget about.

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Especially when the team that supported him lost. Psychic pressure to the higher players because they are required to achieve maximum results. While on the other hand, the results they expect never come. Emotions were easily explode that eventually led to riot. Here JavaPos.com sarikan 7 events clashed Indonesian supporters who led to death.

1. Aremania Died in Sragen

Hot duel that occurred between Persebaya Surabaya and Arema Malang December 19, 2015 then spread to the line of supporters. Just like the match Persija versus Persib Bandung, duel both teams can be called as "El Classico Indonesian version". No doubt, the atmosphere of the game must be vulnerable to clashes. That's what happens to the game. Two supporters clashed on the way to Sleman, Yogyakarta. The two fanatic fanatic strikes happened at two different points in Sragen regency, Central Java. Du people are reportedly killed. According to AKP Hartono, Sabhara Sragen Police Headquarters at that time, two supporters riot occurred at Jatisumo Ngampal Sragen gas station and Nglorok Sragen border workshop, at 04.15 WIB, Saturday morning (19/12) "The victim died was a supporter of Arema Malang, Eko Prasetyo (30), a resident of RT 19/04 Pandesari Batu Malang and Suzuki Carry driver, Slamet Malang resident," said Hartono.

2. Persis Solo vs Martapura FC

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In the match eight of the Premier League Division, an opposing supporter, Joko Riyanto, was killed. The unrest provoked the irresponsibility of referee Ahmadi Jafri during the match. While the results of the game ended 1-1 draw. Kapolresta Solo, Kombes Pol. Iriansyah, when it says, based on the results of a temporary autopsy from the Hospital (RS) Bhayangkara Semarang, the wound on the victim's chest could be due to a keris, a knife, or a screwdriver.

3. Five Persebaya Supporters Killed Stoned

Indonesian soccer world grieve. The match between Persebaya and Persela Lamongan March 10, 2012 leads to a death tragedy of five supporters. They are Persebaya supporters. All five were killed after being attacked by Persela Lamongan supporters by throwing rocks when the victim was on a train. 4. Cilacap PSCS Fans Attacked by Bercadar Group

A group of guys attacked the bus attacked dozens of fans PSCS Cilacap, Sunday (12/10/2014) night on Jalan Solo precisely front of Adi Sutjipto Airport Parking Field Yogyakarta. The attack left one supporter dead and several injured. Fans who were injured due to hit by sword and stone throwing. While the death named Muhammad Ikhwanudin (19) citizen Petenangan, Bantah Sari Cilacap Central Java. Ikhwanudin suffered injuries on the face and stab wounds around the solar plexus.

5. Pelita Jaya Supporters Killed Viking Persib Persecuted

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became the victim of persecution and beating a group of youth who claimed supporters Persib Bandung, Viking. A football supporter club Pelita Jaya Karawang died miserably. A 12-year-old victim named Muhammad Azis suffered serious injuries from a samurai stab at the front of the head. This junior high school student became the victim of persecution and beating a group of youth who claimed supporters Persib Bandung, Viking.

6. Persija match versus Pesib Bandung, Three Supporters Killed in GBK Stadium One victim of the beating after the game Persija versus Persib in Gelora Bung Karno Jakarta, Sunday, May 27, 2012 evening is a citizen of Bandung. The victim is known as Rangga Cipta Nugraha, 22 years old, a resident of Jalan Edang Suwanda Kampung Pasir Leutik RT 05 RW 04, Padasuka Village, Cimenyan District, Bandung Regency. The incident of the beatings resulted in three deaths. Another victim named Blue, 29 years old. While one other victim has not been identified. The incident occurred around Senayan parking lot outside the arena. In addition to three people killed, the incident also resulted in five people suffered injuries that had been rushed to hospital RSCM.

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riot in the game Persebaya 1927 vs Persija IPL, actually already started to feel when host Persebaya behind 0-2 to enter the 70th minute.

Already dozens of lives have been victimized by football, at least for the last 20 years. Although not entirely recorded, the Save Our Soccer (SOS) agency, which collects data about the number of people dead during matches or around soccer activities, expressed concerns over the rampaging action that led to death.

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Table 1.1

Here are the names of supporters who died according to data from SOS

No. Nama Waktu Pertandingan Keterangan

1. Suhermansyah (Bonek)

28-01-1995 PSIM vs Persebaya Terhimpit dan jatuh

2. Tiga Bonek 1996 Tour Jakarta Jatuh dari kereta api

3. Sembilan Suporter

2002 Persijatim vs Persema Terlindas truk 6. Beri Mardias (Semen

2002 Indonesia vs Filipina Jatuh dari bus 8. Rahmat Hidayat

(Bonek)

27-07-2003 Persela vs Persebaya Terlindas truk 9. Dimas Aditya (Bonek)

14-12-2005 Persekabpas vs Arema Pukulan benda keras 11. Fajar Widya Nugraha

(Aremania)

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2011 Pelita Jaya vs Arema Bacokan samurai 22. Gilang, 24 tahun (LA

23. Reno Alvino Arena, 21

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The data is collected by SOS (save our soccer). In this talk show discusses about "Football Life Victims" because in Indonesia for the case of the death of the supporters never in follow up by the police so that events that can be dashed the life is always repeated again and the government as there is no responsibility to uphold justice to the victim.

Of the few episodes in Mata Najwa, the writer choose two episodes of the talk show. The writer uses the illocutionary act theory by Searle. Searle ( 1979 )

continued Austin’s theory about illocutionary acts by dividing illocutionary act

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1.2 Statement of the problem

Based on the background of the study, the writter to be analyze utterance in Mata Najwa with the research question as follows :

1. What types of illocutionary act performed on Mata Najwa talk show ?

1.3 Objective of the study

1. To find out types illocutionary act are used in Mata Najwa talk show.

1.4 Significant of the study

The writer will give important information in linguistic field especially for pragmatic. This theory the application of speech act theory.

The writer hope this study will become a guide for other researcher who have explore about pragmatic by using speech act theory by Searle ( 1979 ).

1.5 Scope and limitation of the study

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1.6 Definition of Key Terms

Speech Act : Austin ( 1962 ) mentions that basically when someone says something, he does something. The statement then underlies speech act theory.

Pragmatics : Leech ( 1983 ) states that pragmatics is the study of the meaning of speech in certain situations.

Illocutionary Act : Searle ( 1979 ) The illocutionary act is one of sublevels of speech act. Illocutionary act is the central concept in speech act theory framework that has the function for analyzing the use of language in a communication. Illocutionary act employs as a tool for understanding meaning of someone’s

utterance.

Talk Show : Morissan ( 2008 ) Television program categorized as soft news which reviews particular problem which is delivered in depth by the host to the guest.

Mata Najwa : One of talk show television program in Metro TV, every Wednesday at 20.05 until 21.30 pm.

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Speech Acts

Brown and Yule ( 1983 ) assume that the utterance of some sentences in specified circumstance can be treated as the performance of an act. In every utterance, a speaker performs an act such as; stating a fact or opinion, confirming or denying something, making a prediction or request, asking a question, issuing an order, giving a permission, giving an advice, making an offer, making a promise, and thanking.

The speech act firstly founded by Austin in 1962 and further developed by Searle 1969. According to Searle ( 1976 ), speaking a language is performing speech acts. acts such as making statement, giving commands, asking questions or making promise. He also stated that al linguistic communication involves linguistic ( speech ) act. In addition, speech act are fundamental units of linguistic communication ( Searle, 1976 ).

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As we know, every communication always involves two participants or more. One of them can be called as speaker and the others are called listener. Gillian Brown (1995: 24-27) argued that speaker who is having thought not just arranged it into set of words. The speaker also has to package the message in such a way so that the message can be delivered and understood by the listener.

Hopefully, the listener can respond the speaker’s expectation well. Listener can

choose whether she/ he pays attention to the message which is delivered by speaker or not. She/ he can listen not in details, only in some part, or even not at all. Besides, the listener can choose which part of message she/ she will focus on. The circumstances around will help the speaker and the listener in the process of conversation. Yule (1996:47) also stated these circumstances, including other utterances, are called speech event.

A speech act in linguistic and the philosophy of language is an utterance that has performative function in language and communication. In other words Batch (in http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_act)

“Speech act isreally the performance of several acts at once, distinguished

by different aspect of the speaker’s intention: there is the act of saying something, what one does in saying it, such as requesting or promising, and how one is trying affect one’s audience.”

According to speech act theory, the primary units of meaning in the use and comprehension of language are not isolated propositions but rather speech acts of the type illocutionary acts.

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acts of the type illocutionary acts. Speakers who make meaningful utterances of elementary sentences always relate propositional contents to the world with a certain illocutionary force. They mean to performing the context of their utterances elementary illocutionary acts such as assertions, questions, orders, declarations, and thanks. Daniel and Susumu (2001:25).

Austin pointed out, however, that much of our ordinary use of language is just as much asking question and giving commands as making statements, and even utterance that have the form of declarative sentences. Whenever one person speaks to another, the speaker has some intention in producing the utterance, and the addressee interprets the utterance. In spite of occasional misunderstandings the

hearer’s interpretation often does match the speaker’s intention, even when the

speaker is joking or being sarcastic.

2.2 Types of Speech Acts

There are three levels of speech act that introduced by Austin ( 1975, p.3), those three levels are: locutionary act, illocutionary act, and perlocutionary act.

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of speech illocution. In another statement, the act of ilocution is the act of declaring something (performative) in opposition to the act of declaring something (constantive). Meanwhile, if the speaker intends to generate a certain response or effect to his or her partners, his intention is called speech acts perlocution. If the act of locution and illocution puts more emphasis on the role of the speaker's actions, the act of perlocution precisely emphasizes the response of the partner. This latter point, according to Austin, relates to the function of language as an influence of human thoughts and feelings. Nevertheless, these three speech acts constitute a coherent unity within the whole process of language disclosure that should reflect the principle of a single word and action or deed.

2.2.1 Locutionary Act

The first level is locution which concern with the meaning of the word themselve. Locutionary act is the actual utterance and its actual meaning. ( Austin, 1975 ).

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2.2.2 Illocutionary Act

Austin ( 1975 ) stated that speaker does something in uttering to the hearer in context, such as; states a fact or an opinion, confirming or denies something, apologizing, promising, requesting, and asking or commanding.

An illocutionary act is the pragmatic illocutionary force of the utterance, thus it intended significance as a socially valid verbal action. Illocutionary act is the act of saying, which is committed with the intends of speaker by uttering a sentence such as asking, stating, questioning, promising, ordering, apologizing, threatening, predicting, and requesting.

2.2.3 Perlocutionary Act

Perlocutionary its actual effect on the hearer, it means of uttering the sentence that through locutionary acts illocutionary acts. such as persuading, convincing, scaring, enlightening, inspiring, or otherwise getting someone to do or realize something, whether intended or not .

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2.3 Illocutionary act

The illocutionary act is one of sublevels of speech act. Illocutionary act is the central concept in speech act theory framework that has the function for analyzing the use of language in a communication. Illocutionary act employs as a tool for understanding meaning of someone’s utterance.

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act I am performing is the making of a promise, and in the performance of the act I will be undertaking an obligation to do the promised thing: so promising is an illocutionary act in the present sense. Since Austin's death, the term has been defined differently by various authors.

Searle ( 1976 ) suggested that a number a dimensions of variation to classify speech act categories referring to a number of basic things we can do with language. According to Searle, the five categories of illocutionary acts are representative / assertive, commissives, directives, declarations, and expressives ( Archer, et.al, 2012, p.39 ).

2.4 Classes of illocutionary acts

Searle (1975) set up the following classification of illocutionary speech acts. 1. Representative / Assertive

Repesentative are kind of speech act that states or express what the speaker believes to be the case or not. Representatives act involves stating, asserting, suggesting, complaining, claiming, describing, hypothesizing, and predicting.

2. Directives

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3. Commissives

Yule ( 1996, p.54 ) stated that commissives are those kinds of act that speakers commit themselves to do some in the future. Commissives express what the speaker’s intends. It involves vows, promises, threath, and pledges. 4. Expressives

Expressive is speech acts that express on the speaker's attitudes and emotions towards the proposition, e.g. congratulations, excuses and thanks. Expressive are kinds of speech act that state what the speaker/ writer feels. They express psychological states and can statements of pleasure, they can be caused by something the speaker/writer does or the hearer does, but they are

about the speaker’s/ writers expression.

5. Declarations

According to Yule ( 1996, p.53 ) to perform a declaration act appropriately, the speaker has to have a special position in a spesific context. Declaration is speech acts that change the reality in accord with the proposition of the declaration, e.g. baptisms, pronouncing someone guilty or pronouncing someone husband and wife except in the irony sentence. If you say again “I will say to your father”.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illocutionary_act

2.6 Kinds of Illocutionary Act

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Yule (1996:55) stated that direct act happens when there is a direct relationship between a structure and a function. The speaker uses declarative sentence for giving information to the listener, the speaker uses an interrogative sentence for asking something to the listener, and the speaker uses an imperative sentence for giving an order to the listener. For the example:

1. Close the window! (Mother order her daughter) Imperative sentence→ order

B. Indirect Illocutionary Acts

Yule (1996:55) stated that indirect act happens when there is an indirect relationship between a structure and function. Indirect act is the speech act which has function to order someone to do something indirectly. It is usually in the form of declarative or an interrogative sentence in order to make a polite conversation. Look at the example, Yule (1966:55):

2. You’re standing in front of the TV.

The utterance [2] shows declarative sentence but it is actually used to make a command or request (move the position).

2.7 Discourse Analysis

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clearly defined. Co-text refers to the elaboration of linguistic units that reconstructs a higher linguistic structure, such as a clause or a sentence whereas context deals with nonlinguistic components that go along with a discourse (oktavianus. 2006: 37). This co-text and context has a very significant role in identifying meaning within a discourse.

Discourse analysis is, necessarily, the analysis of language in use. As such, it cannot be restricted to the description of linguistic forms are designed to serve in human affairs. While some linguists may concentrate on determining the formal properties of a language, the discourse analyst is committed to an investigation of what that language use for. Brown and Yule (1983:1).

Discourse is formal treatment of a subject in speech writing and also a unit of text used by linguistics for the analysis of linguistic phenomena that range over more than one sentence.

The discourse analysis is describing what speakers and hearers are doing and not relationship with axis between one sentences or proposition and another. So, that discourse analysis is speakers and listeners are crucial of the utterance and the central of the object in speech and writing. The data studied in discourse analysis is always a fragment of discourse and the discourse analyst always has to decide where the fragment begins and ends. Brown and Yule (1983:69).

2.8 Pragmatics

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societal factors that make a certain language use more or less acceptable. Mey (1993:6-8).

In addition Pragmatic is the study of the relationship between linguistic forms and the users of those forms. And the purpose of pragmatic is that one can talk about peoples intended meanings, their assumptions, their purpose or goals. Yule (1996:4)

In addition, Levinson (1983:9) states that pragmatics is the study of relationship between language and context. Language and context are two different things that cannot be separated each other. Language is used in context and context will affect the meaning of language or utterance used by a speaker. It means that the meaning of an utterance will be different if it is used in different context or situation. As a result, the hearer may have various interpretations about the utterance mentioned under different context.

2.9 Previous Study

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CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHOD

3.1 Reseacrh Design

This research is qualitative research. It is based on the research focus; to analyze the Analysis of Kung Fu Panda Movie with Illocutionary Act Theory. According to Catherine Marshall, (1999:2) Qualitative research is an approach to the study of social phenomena; its various genres are naturalistic and interpretative, and they draw on multiple methods of inquiry. Some characteristics of qualitative research are take places in the natural world, uses multiple methods that are interactive and humanistic, it is emergent rather than prefigured and fundamentally interpretative.

3.2 Research Subject

The writer will describe the type of illocutinary act in this research.

3.3 Source of Data

The data are taken from all the utterances of the participants in “ Mata Najwa “ Talk Show. The host as interviewer and guest as informant in the dialogue. The writer gets the data from internet,www.youtube.com.

3.4 Data Collection Technique

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3.5 Research Instrument

Research instrument is very important to obtain the data of research for it is a set of method which is used to collect data. Qualitative research has actual setting as the direction source of the data and the researcher is the key instrument since it is the researcher herself who undertakes the data and analyzes them as well.

3.6 Data Analysis

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CHAPTER IV

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS

This chapter the writer described the type of illocutionary act used in the dialogue of Mata Najwa Talk Show on Metro TV ( eps. Tumbal Nyawa Sepakbola ).

4.1 Research Findings

4.1.1 The type of illocutionary act used in Mata Najwa Talk Show ( eps.

Tumbal Nyawa Sepakbola )

Analysis 1

29/06/2016 20:04:41 WIB

Sepak bola bukan sekadar permainan. Sepak bola tak lagi semata-mata hiburan. #MataNajwa

29/06/2016 20:04:48 WIB

Suporter menganggap sepak bola kebanggaan yang tak bisa ditukar. Kehormatan yang tak sudi ditawar-tawar. #MataNajwa

Mata Najwa @MataNajwa 29/06/2016 20:04:55 WIB

Atas nama kesebelasan kesayangan, berbagai hal rela dipertaruhkan. #MataNajwa

Mata Najwa @MataNajwa 29/06/2016 20:05:02 WIB

Dari perkara uang sampai waktu, hingga satu sama lain saling memburu. #MataNajwa

Najwa’s utterance in data, I was uttered in the dialogue is Representative

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Analysis 2

"Kejadian di GBK kemarin menimbulkan korban dari pihak suporter dan kepolisian," Kombes Awi. #MataNajwa

"Awalnya pertandingan berjalan dgn aman," Iptu Sirajudin, anggota Polsek Tanah Abang yg bertugas di GBK. #MataNajwa

"Seketika saya dipukul dari belakang, lalu tiba2 gelap," Iptu Sirajudin, anggota Polsek Tanah Abang. #MataNajwa

"Saya bangun, saya buka seragam karena ada sweeping dari suporter," Iptu Sirajudin. #MataNajwa

"Setelah itu saya mencari taksi dan minta diantarkan ke Polsek Tanah Abang," Iptu Sirajudin. #MataNajwa

"Saat itu massa bertindak anarkis. Kami menghalau massa," Supriyadi, anggota Brimob Kelapa Dua. #MataNajwa

"Saya mendengar ada anggota kami yg dikeroyok," Supriyadi, Anggota Brimob Kelapa Dua. #MataNajwa

In the analysis 2 is a Representative sentence. Representative are kind of speech act that states or express what the speaker believes to be the case or not. Representative act involves stating, asserting, suggesting, complaning, claiming, describing, and predicting. (Searle 1975)

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Analysis 3

"Dari pihak kepolisian juga ada yg mengancam akan melakukan sweeping. Apakah sdh ditindak?" Najwa Shihab. #MataNajwa

Najwa’s utterance is Representative act. Najwa Shihab asked clarity about

the police action to prevent the incident. Analysis 4

"Waktu itu saya bersama adik saya ke GBK, saya terpisah dari adik saya," Suyatna. #MataNajwa

"Lalu saya mendengar adik saya sudah di ambulans," Suyatna. #MataNajwa Mata Najwa @MataNajwa 29/06/2016 20:26:31 WIB

"Adik saya mengalami luka di kepala, ada lebam yg parah," Suyatna. #MataNajwa

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Analysis 5

"Kami dari pemerintah berduka cita thd keluarga Fahreza, dan juga pada semua pihak yg dirugikan," Gatot Dewa Broto, Kemenpora. #MataNajwa

The utterance is aboutExpressive.Expressive is speech act that express on the speaker’s attitudes and emoticon towards the propotition.

Analysis 6

"Setelah kejadian itu, Menpora langsung mengundang polisi, Persija, dan juga PSSI, agar situasi tdk gaduh," Gatot Dewa Broto. #MataNajwa

The utterance is aboutDirective.Menpora inviting the police , Persija Fans, and PSSI at the Menpora building and talk about the situation not getting to worse.

Analysis 7

"Berdasarkan data, setiap tahun 2-3 nyawa hilang di lapangan sepak bola," Akmal Marhali, Save Our Soccer. #MataNajwa

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Analysis 8

"Iya, kami sudah mencegah agar kejadian itu (sweeping suporter) tdk terjadi," Awi Setiyono. #MataNajwa

The utterance of Awi Setyono isCommisive. Responding to previous statement, Awi Setyono promise to preventing the incident from recuriring.

Analysis 9

Mata Najwa telah mengundang pihak operator Indonesia Super Competition (ISC), namun membatalkan hadir karena ada agenda lain. #MataNajwa

The utterance of Najwa Shihab is Directive. Najwa Shihab has invited related parties to attend but they can not attend because there are other events.

Analysis 10

15 Mei lalu, Fahreza (16 tahun), anggota Jakmania tewas setelah menonton pertandingan di GBK. #MataNajwa

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Analysis 11

Mata Najwa @MataNajwa 29/06/2016 20:29:42 WIB

"Polda Metro telah membentuk tim untuk melakukan investigasi utk kasus ini (Fahreza)," Irjen Pol Boy Rafli Amar. #MataNajwa

"Pada prinsipnya keadilan utk Fahreza ingin kami tegakkan," Irjen Pol Boy Rafli Amar. #MataNajwa

The utterance Irjen Pol Boy Rafli Amar isCommisive. He hopes to uphold justice to Fahreza. Because the writer commits to some future action.

Analysis 12

"Dalam Federasi tdk diatur suporter," Djamal Aziz. #MataNajwa Mata Najwa @MataNajwa 29/06/2016 20:41:56 WIB

"Berarti membiarkan korban berjatuhan? Hasil Kongres Sepak Bola Nasional diatur kok, " Gatot Dewa Broto. #MataNajwa

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Analysis 13

"Di Indonesia masalahnya investigasi dan penyelesaian hukumnya tdk pernah dilanjutkan," Akmal Marhali. #MataNajwa

"Terkesan kalau ada yg meninggal dibiarkan saja, nanti juga 1-2 bulan lupa," Akmal Marhali. #MataNajwa

"Tdk ada sinergi antara federasi, pemerintah, dan aparat keamanan," Akmal Marhali. #MataNajwa

The utterance Akmal Harmali isRepresentative. He complining because in Indonesia letting the supporters die and not continuing the legal process.

Analysis 14

"Kami ingin mengajak semua utk ambil hikmahnya dan utk dievaluasi," Kadiv Humas Irjen Pol Boy Rafli Amar. #MataNajwa

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Analysis 15

"Saya tdk menggeneralisir semua suporter buruk. Saya berterima kasih pd suporter yg tdk anarkis," Irjen Pol Boy Rafli Amar. #MataNajwa

The utterance isExpressive. His thanks to other supporter because they not anarkism. Expressive act is the types of illocutionary act that state what the speaker feels. They express psychological states and can statements of pleasure, they can be caused by something the speaker does or the hearer does, but they are

about the speaker’s expression. Such as thanking,(expressing gratitude to

somebody, e.g. “thank you very much”).

Analysis 16

"Yg terjadi adalah bentrok suporter dgn suporter atau suporter dgn polisi, tapi tdk ada yg tanggung jawab," Suprapto, Pasoepati. #MataNajwa

"Suporter tdk dianggap oleh PSSI dan operator. Cuma diambil uangnya saja," Suprapto, Pasoepati. #MataNajwa

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Analysis 17

"Bonek berharap keadilan bagi suporter Indonesia. Federasi harus diubah total jgn itu2 saja," Rizki Maulana, Bonek. #MataNajwa

This utterances isCommisive. Rizki Maulana from Bonek hope to do some in the future is better.

Analysis 18

"Suporter itu paling bisa menghidupi klub, tapi PSSI hanya memberi sanksi tapi tdk pernah mengedukasi," Sukrisna, Slemania. #MataNajwa

"Suporter butuh informasi dan edukasi. PSSI & operator liga tdk pernah melakukan itu," Suprapto, Pasoepati. #MataNajwa

This utterances isRepresentative. All the supporter complining about PSSI rules in Indonesia .

Analysis 19

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The utterances isDeclaration. Menpora has to have a special position in a spesific context.

Analysis 20

"Kemenpora ingin semua suporter datang ke stadion dgn baju masing2. Tapi keluar dgn 'merah putih'," Gatot Dewa Broto. #MataNajwa

The utterances isCommisive. Because Kemenpora do not want the incident of the death of the supporters repeated again.

Analysis 21

Kami sudah mengundang perwakilan Jackmania, tapi menolak hadir di #MataNajwa.

The utterance isDirectives. Mata Najwa has invited Jackmania, refused to attend.

Analysis 22

"Harapannya ke depan sepak bola menjadi tempat hiburan, bukan tempat meregang nyawa," Akmal Marhali. #MataNajwa

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The utterance is Directive. Akmal Marhali and Helmi Atmaja want to the football is better to the future.

Analysis 23

"Jgn ada dendam antara suporter dgn kepolisian, jgn sampai ada jatuh korban lagi, dan berikan keadilan," Helmi Atmaja, FDSI. #MataNajwa

The utterance is Directive. Helmi Atmaja wants to no more death and justice for all.

Analysis 24

1. Olahraga rakyat negeri ini memang sepak bola, tapi Liga Indonesia bukan sekadar menendang bola. #MataNajwa

2. Ada uang miliaran yang diputarkan. Ada konflik dan kekerasan yang rasanya dibiarkan. #MataNajwa

3. Suporter harus bertanggung jawab jika terjadi kerusuhan. Dosa suporter adalah juga dosa kesebelasan. #MataNajwa

4. Rivalitas boleh saja menjadi bumbu di lapangan. Tapi menghilangkan nyawa jelas sebuah kejahatan. #MataNajwa

5. Operator liga juga tak boleh lepas tangan. Otoritas sepak bola jangan hanya mencari keuntungan. #MataNajwa

6. Tidak bisa hanya sekadar menghukum dan memungut denda. Harus ada pertanggungjawaban operator liga. #MataNajwa

7. Aparat keamanan pun harus mau belajar, sebab menangani suporter adalah tugas yang besar. #MataNajwa

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8. Tidak bisa menghadapi suporter selalu dengan kekerasan. Aksi pencegahan harus lebih diutamakan. #MataNajwa

9. Kekerasan sepak bola jelas tak bisa dibiarkan, karena stadion memang bukan ladang pembantaian. #MataNajwa

The last utterance isRepresentative. Najwa Shihab confirmed that football responsibility is responsibility of all people, do not ket the incidence of death supporters in Indonesia increased because of the lack of cooperation.

4.2 The types of illocutionary act used in Mata Najwa Talk Show ( eps.

Tumbal Nyawa Sepak Bola )

After analyzing the whole data based on statement of the problem, the five kinds of illocutionary act are used, the discussion as follows:

4.2.1 Representative

The illocutionary act found in the dialogue is Representative, in this context Representative act it commits the writer to the truth of expressed proposition, Types of assertive act used by Searle they are informing, denying, stating, asserting, predicting, announcing, conjecturing, and disagreeing. The data can be identified in number 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 12, 13, 16, 18, 24.

4.2.2 Directive

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to do thing), requesting (asking something politely), advising (giving advice or opinion to somebody about what she or he do) and recommending (suggesting or advising). The data can be identified is number 6, 9, 14, 21, 23.

4.2.3 Commisive

This illocutionary act is an act which the speaker commits to some future action.

The example of this point are promising, (stating something to do next, e.g. “I will come to your part this night”), threatening,

(stating an intention to punish or harm somebody, e.g. “ I will kill

you”), and offering (presenting something to be accepted or

refused,e.g. “ would you mind coming to my party to night”?). The data can be identified in number 8, 11, 17, 20.

4.2.4 Expressive

Expressive act is the types of illocutionary act that state what the speaker feels. They express psychological states and can statements of pleasure, they can be caused by something the speaker does or the hearer does, but they are about the speaker’s expression. Such as thanking, (expressing gratitude to somebody,

e.g. “thank you very much”), apologizing,(saying sorry to

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e.g. “welcome to Surabaya”), congratulating, (expressing success

to somebody, e.g. “happy graduation brother”), pardoning,(acting

of forgiveness, e.g.” excuse me Sir”), and praising (expressing a

praise). The data can be identified in number 5, 15.

4.2.5 Declarative

Declarative is a declaration is an utterance which effect a change in some, often a change in some, often institutionalized, state of affair. Paradigm examples are christening a baby, declaring peace, firing an employee, and excommunicating. The data can be identified in number 19.

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CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION

In this chapter, the writer will present about the conclusion of this thesis. The conclusions are obtained from the analysis done toward the data of conversation of Mata Najwa Talk Show (eps. Tumbal Nyawa Sepakbola June 29th, 2016). The conclusion are follows

1. In the talk show, the conversation between the speaker and the guest using the representative act in Illocutionary act. Guest describe the actual events.

2. Through deep analyzing, the writer finds that every utterance from the host actually herds to the new question which is interrelated each other. It is related to the script that has been prepared before. Besides discussing the crucial problem, issue, or fact which in popular, the way the host interviews the guests with to the point questions makes Mata NajwaTalk Show becomes a favorable talk show program for indonesian people.

3. The results showed that in the Mata Najwa dialogue, the presenter using five types of speech acts in his speech; Directive, Representative, Commissive, Declarative and Expressive. Every kind of speech act they have different illocution pressures.

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Brown, G and Yule, G. 1983. Discourse Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

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Jacob, L. Mey. 1993.Pragmatic:An Introduction: Oxford University Press. Morissan, M.A,Jurnalistik Televisi Mutakhir,Media Grafika 77, Jakarta, 2008. Oktavianus. 2006. Analisis Wacana Lintas Bahasa. Padang: Andalas University

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_act. www.matanajwa.com

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http://www.jawapos.com/read/2016/06/26/36370/7-peristiwa-bentrok-suporter-

indonesia-yang-berujung-kematian- http://www.goal.com/id-ID/news/1387/nasional/2016/11/07/29275642/54-suporter-indonesia-meninggal-dalam-11-tahun-terakhir