CORRUPTION IN ISLAMIC LAW OVERVIEW
C. The Purpose of Integration of Islamic Values in Refusal- Corruption Education
1. Building school life as part of the community through creating a learning environment with a culture of integrity (refusal- corruption), thes are honest, disciplined, fair, responsible, hard working, simple, independent, brave, caring, and dignified.
2. Developing the potential of the heart touching/conscience for students through the affective domain as human beings who have heart sensitivity and always upholding cultural values as a form of love for the homeland and supported by strong national insight.
3. Cultivate commendable attitudes, behaviors, habits, in line with universal values and religious cultural traditions of the nation.
4. Instilling the spirit of professional leadership and responsibility as the nation's next generation.
5. Organizing school management 186in an open, transparent, professional and responsible manner.
C. The Purpose of Integration of Islamic Values in Refusal- Corruption Education
There are several values of anti-corruption education that can be concluded from the Qur'an letter al-Baqarah verse 188 and Surat an-Nisa' verse 58. These values are summarized in religious values, namely the value system or moral system that is used as a frame of reference. become a reference for how to behave physically and spiritually for Muslim. Values and morality taught by Islam as a revelation from Allah swt which was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad187. In this case, the emphasis is on obedient attitudes and behavior in carrying out religious teachings. In detail it can be explained as follows:
1. The Value of Honesty
186 David Wijaya, Pendidikan Anti Korupsi untuk Sekolah dan Perguruan Tinggi (Jakarta Barat:
PT. Indeks, 2014), 25
187 Abdul Aziz,. Filsafat Pendidikan Islam Sebagai Gagasan. 130 2
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The honesty value was stated in surah al-Baqarah verse 188, in meaning, "And let n ot some of you eat the wealth of others among you in a false way." The meaning is a prohibition on eating property that is not their right, namely not eating other people's property in an illegal way because it is not justified by law. Something that is vanity means not haq. Of course, when taking, possessing, eating, or using improperly, there is an element of lying, deceiving, harming the other party. The opposite of these elements is to get property in a good or right (honest) way.
Honesty is a behavior basis that raised on an effort to make himself a person who can always be trusted in words, actions, and work. characteristics of honesty are upright, not cheating, sincere, trustworthy, saying and acting right, expressing something in accordance with reality (not lying), and having straight intentions towards every action. In the discussion of this verse we get a very meaningful lesson, how we must be careful in obtaining and using wealth.
In Surah an-Nisa 'verse 58, Allah commands to fulfill various kinds of mandates that are mandated to whoever gives the mandate.
Honesty is one of the characters that is formed from trust. This can be intended as an important element, namely morality. Because the element contained in this verse is the attitude not to abuse the mandate, then the element is automatically related to one's attitude of honesty. A Muslim is required to always be in a right state of mind and heart, including: being careful, right in word, and right in deed.
Stand on all three of these things will lead to behavior that is in accordance with the "truth" of Islam. Islam is a religion that teaches honesty and truth.
One of the characteristics of a righteous person is to always tell the truth, keep promises, carry out the mandate, and present themselves as the real situation. Thus, it is impossible for a righteous person to commit corruption, because in corrupt behavior there must be lies or untruth, both in heart, word and deed. In the view of Islam, the attitude of fraud or dishonesty is a despicable act that will only drag people into evil. Lying is a trait that tends to justify any means and tends to harm others.
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If someone professes faith and love for the Prophet, honesty is the most powerful weapon that adorns the life of the Prophet.
Honest in speaking, acting, even in thinking is a reflection of personal integrity, so that his followers are very obeyed and respected by his opponents. Humans, especially Muslims, should be able to emulate these morals. However, honesty is now a rare item both in the world of politics, commerce, and in everyday life.
2. Value of Responsibility
The value of responsibility in surah an-Nisa 'verse 58 shown in its content that Allah commands to fulfill various kinds of mandates that are mandated to anyone who gives the mandate. The nature that appears in this discussion is trust. A person is said to be trustworthy when that person can be responsible for what is entrusted to him.
Responsibility is the attitude and behavior of a person to carry out his duties and obligations, which he should do, towards himself, society, the environment (nature, social, and culture), the state and God Almighty.
The characteristics of value and responsibility, namely the condition of being obliged to bear everything (if anything happens, you can be sued, blamed, sued, etc. For example, being brave and ready to accept risks, being trustworthy, not evading, and doing their best), the right of function to accept the burden as a result the attitude of the party itself or the other party, carry out and complete the task seriously.
We often hear various statements, such as "don't run away from responsibility," "You must be held accountable for all actions," or
"I ask for your responsibility." Responsibility is a duty or obligation to perform or complete a task satisfactorily (given by someone, or on one's own promise or commitment) that must be fulfilled by a person, and which has a consequent penalty for failure.
It is not easy to be someone who can be trusted by others, let alone to maintain the trust entrusted to us who may be dealing with personal desires that are sometimes inversely proportional to what is mandated. Therefore, keeping the trust is seen as the most difficult character to realize compared to the other characters.
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3. Value of Justice
The value of justice is found in the snippet of an-Nisa 'verse 58 which contains if it is entrusted to power, then carry out the mandated power with full justice. Not only judges must be fair, but all believers must maintain justice in all forms of handling family and social problems. Fair is equal, impartial, impartial/unfavorable, siding/adhering to the truth, appropriate, not arbitrary, balanced, neutral, objective and proportional.
In refusal-corruption education, trustness and fair dealing are closely related. One example of a mandate is to be fair. If humans have denied justice and do not act fairly in life in this world, it will cause other humans to be persecuted due to the injustice of some of these humans. The oppression of some people by others, causing suffering, misery for others and excess or spaciousness (both wealth, position and opportunities) for others by their unfair actions, as well as violating the rights of others against others (who commit crimes).
unfair or unreasonable).
A person's values can express what he prefers. Thus it can be said that values lead to attitudes. Value is a determining factor for the formation of attitudes. However, a person is determined by the number of values a person has. The target of value education is to inculcate noble values in students. To achieve the goals and objectives effectively, various approaches, models and methods can be used in the value education process. It is important to provide variety to the educational process so that it is interesting and not boring for students.
These values will only become theoretical knowledge which is only conveyed as subject matter if it is not accompanied and supported by habituation and example. The thing that can maintain knowledge so that it grows into a sense (character) which can then be realized in behavior (psychomotor) is the need for the development of spiritual attitudes in children starting from the family to the educational environment.
The provision of education in life is no exception for refusal- corruption education related to the hope of meaningful change in this life. Giving anti-corruption education to someone will be linked to the
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hope of increasing moral sensitivity that is beneficial for his life.
Efforts to live up to the values in various educations, will create humans who have sensitivity in looking at honesty so that it brings benefits to survival and others, since understanding the values, elements, and scope of values.