an analysis of students' critical thinking in writing

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AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING IN WRITING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT AT 11^th GRADE OF SMAN 4

TANJUNGPINANG

SKRIPSI

NURYULIANINGSIH 190388203056

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITAS MARITIM RAJA ALI HAJI TANJUNGPINANG

2023

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AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING IN WRITING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT AT 11^th GRADE OF SMAN 4

TANJUNGPINANG

SKRIPSI

Submitted as a Partial Fulfilment

for the Undergraduate Degree in English Languange Education

NURYULIANINGSIH 190388203056

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITAS MARITIM RAJA ALI HAJI TANJUNGPINANG

2023

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APPROVAL SHEET

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STATEMENT OF THE ORIGINALITY OF SKRIPSI

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. First of all the researcher deepest thank to Allah Swt who always gives strength to the researcher to complete the skripsi entitled "An Analysis Of Students' Critical Thinking in Writing Analytical Exposition Text at 11^th Grade of SMAN 4 Tanjungpinang". This skripsi would submit to the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji as partial fulfillment of the requirement for an S1 degree.

This skripsi would not be complete without help, supports, and suggestion from several concerned. So, the researcher would like to give her gratitude and appreciation to:

1. Prof. Dr. Agung Dhamar Syakti, S.Pi, DEA as the Rector of Universitas of Maritim Raja Ali Haji

2. Assist. Prof. Satria Agust, S.S., M. Pd., as a Decan of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of Universitas Maritim Raja AliHaji.

3. Assist. Prof. Dewi Nopita, S.Pd., M.Pd., as the Head of English Education Study Program of Universitas Maritim Raja AliHaji.

4. Assist. Prof. Gatot Subroto, S.S., M.Pd., as a the researcher's Academic Supervisor, always supported the researcher from the beginning of the lecture until now the researcher is finishing skripsi.

5. Assist. Prof. Hanifah, S.Pd.I., M.Pd., as the researcher's first advisor, patiently guides the researcher to complete the skripsi and always provides solutions for finishing the skripsi.

6. Assist. Prof. Muhammad Candra, S Pd., M.Ed., as the researcher's second

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advisor guided the researcher to finish this skripsi and always give solutions to revise the skripsi.

7. To all researcher’s lecturing in the English Language Education Study Program, who always give knowledge and guidance during the period of the study.

8. The researcher’s beloved parents, Mr. M. Nur Huda and Mrs. Perihatin thank you for your love, prayer, support and everything that you had given to her.

9. To those closest to the researcher who cannot be mentioned one by one, the researcher realizes that this proposal is still not perfect, so suggestions and input will be accepted for future improvements.

Tanjungpinang, July 12^th 2023 The researcher

Nuryulianingsih 190388203056

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MOTTO

” Karena sesungguhnya setelah kesulitan itu ada kemudahan.”

“Sesungguhnya setelah kesulitan itu ada kemudahan.”

(Q.S. Al-Insyirah: 5-6)

“Keep calm in every situation, because your panic is not helping you”

The researcher Nuryulianingsih

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TABLE OF CONTENT

APPROVAL SHEET ... ii

STATEMENT OF THE ORIGINALITY OF SKRIPSI ... iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... v

MOTTO... vii

TABLE OF CONTENT ... viii

LIST OF TABLES ... x

LIST OF APPENDICES ... xi

LIST OF PICTURES ... xii

ABSTRAK ... xiii

ABSTRACT ... xiv

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1

1.1 Background of the Problem ... 1

1.2 Identification of The Problem... 4

1.3 Limitation of the Study ... 4

1.4 Research Question... 4

1.5 Objective of the Study ... 4

1.6 Significance of Study ... 4

1.6.1 Theoretically ... 4

1.6.2 Practically... 5

1.7 Definition of Key Term ... 5

1.7.1 Writing ... 5

1.7.2 Critical Thinking ... 5

1.7.3 Analytical Exposition Text ... 5

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE... 6

2.1 Teoritical Framework ... 6

2.1.1 Definition of Writing ... 6

2.1.2 Process of Writing ... 6

2.1.3 Component of Writing ... 7

2.2.1 Characteristics of Critical Thinking ... 11

2.2.3 Benefits of Critical Thinking ... 14

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2.3 Definition of Analytical Exposition Text... 15

2.3.1 Generic Structure of Analytical Exposition Text ... 15

2.3.2 Language Features of Analytical Exposition Text ... 15

2.4 Previous Study ... 16

2.5 Conceptual Framework... 17

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 18

3.1 Research Design ... 18

3.2 Research Setting and Subject ... 18

3.3 Research Procedure ... 18

3.4 Research Instruments ... 19

3.4.1 Written Test ... 19

3.4.2 Interviews ... 20

3.5 Data Source and Data Collection ... 20

3.6 Technique of Analyzing Data ... 21

CHAPTER IV FINDING AND DISCUSSION ... 25

4.1 Research Finding ... 25

4.1.1 Students Critical Thinking ... 25

4.1.2 Interpretation... 25

4.1.3 Analysis... 28

4.1.4 Evaluation ... 31

4.1.5 Inference ... 34

4.1.6 Explanation ... 37

4.2 Discussion ... 40

4.2.1 The Students Critical Thinking from Interpretation ... 40

4.2.2 The Students Critical Thinking from Analysis ... 41

4.2.3 The Students Critical Thinking from Evaluation ... 42

4.2.4 The Students Critical Thinking from Inference ... 42

4.2.5 The Students Critical Thinking from Explanation ... 43

4.2.6 The Students Critical Thinking from all Aspect ... 44

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 45

5.1 Conclusion ... 45

5.2 Suggestion... 46

REFERENCES ... 47

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Indicators of Critical Thingking ... 13

Table 2. Instrumen For Class Activity Interviews ... 20

Table 3. Assesment rubric for critical thingking in writing analytical exposition text ... 22

Table 4. Score distribution and the percentage ... 23

Table 5. Students Average Score... 24

Table 6. Frequency Students Critical Thinking from Interpretation ... 27

Table 7. The Percentage from Interpretation ... 28

Table 8.Frequency Students Critical Thinking from Analysis ... 30

Table 9. The Percentage from Analysis ... 31

Table 10. Frequency Students Critical Thinking from Evaluation... 33

Table 11. The Percentage from Evaluation ... 34

Table 12. Frequency Students Critical Thinking from Inference ... 36

Table 13. The Percentage from Inference ... 36

Table 14.Frequency Students Critical Thinking from Explanation... 39

Table 15.The Percentage from Explanation ... 39

Table 16. Students Average Score... 44

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1. Letter of Recommendation from PTSP ... 50

Appendix 2. Letter of Research Recommendation from Dinas Pendidikan Kepulauan Riau ... 51

Appendix 3. Letter of Response Completed Research from SMA Negeri 4 Tanjungpinang... 52

Appendix 4. Letter of Free Skripsi Plagiarism ... 53

Appendix 5. Students Writing Test Results ... 54

Appendix 6. Draft of Interviews and the Answers ... 63

Appendix 7. Documentation of Written Tests and Interviews in the Class ... 65

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LIST OF PICTURES

Picture 1. ... 26

Picture 2. ... 29

Picture 3. ... 32

Picture 4. ... 35

Picture 5. ... 38