directive speech act

The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative in which the writer uses technique of searching, collecting, classifying, analyzing the data, and finally drawing conclusion. The data of this research are the utterances reflected by all characters with others containing directive speech act in the novel ‘The Land of Five Towers’. The collected data are analyzed by determining the sentence types used by the characters based on Frank’s theory, then determining the illocutionary act of directive speech act based on Searle’s theory. Eventually, the politeness strategies used by all characters are analyzed based on Brown and Levinson’s theory. The last is concluding the result of the data.

The data source of directive speech act in the movie The Legend of Hercules manuscript. In gathering data, the researcher uses observation and documentation methods. To answer the problem statements raise in this research. This researcher implements some theories. To classify the forms, the researcher uses the theory of Frank. To describe the type of the speech act, the researcher uses the theory of Levinson. To describe the intention, the researcher uses the theory of Searle.

The Legend of Hercules’s movie is one of the action and history movie genre that very famous in 2014, it is make the researcher interested about this movie. To get deep understanding towards this study, The researcher limits the study on the use word and sentence of Directive speech act in the movie ”The Legend of Hercules” manuscript based on theory of linguistics form. The researcher emphasize on the form of directive speech act in the movie. applies linguistic approach.

The study investigated the realization of directive speech act conducted by the lecturer and students in the teaching and learning at magister of language studies Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta relating to different gender and politeness strategy. The data elicited, using observation and documentation by video recorder, from 22 students and 6 lecturers. The observation has been conducted from 28 October 2014 to 17Mei 2014. There are totally 371 minutes and 33 second of voice recording from. The collected data are analyzed by using in Austi ’s sche a, Searle 1977 ’s theory of directi e speech acts, Bro a d Le i so ’s theory of politeness strategy.

Studies with the pragmatic approach to directive speech are quite common, considering the signiicance of knowing the appropriate use of these forms. Among them is Rahardi (2000), whose research discusses formal form, pragmatic form, and imperative politeness elements mainly focused on Indonesian language. Study with Javanese language as its object was conducted by Widada (1999) who divided directive discourses based on the type of use. Meanwhile, Solichan (2006) in his research explained various realizations in the use of directive speech act realized in the form of declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamative sentences. Those four sentences are realized in sentences that have their own characteristics and meanings. Both studies on directive speech act used the Javanese language that is commonly used daily as the object of their research, whereas tembang dolanan uses

The directive speech act has been widely examined in pragmatic research. For instance, Qadir and Riloff (2011) in their research entitled “Classifying Sentences as Speech Act in Message Board Posts” analyze the directive speech act which is used in message board posts. Other study investigated directive speech act is Moessner (2010) in his research entitled “Directive Speech Acts: a Cross-generic Diachronic Study”. It investigates directive speech act in a corpus of Early Modern English and Present-day English written text from legal, religious and scientific discourse. Beside those previous studies, Oktoberia (2012) also analyzes the directive speech act used in movie scripts. The findings show that the dominant types of directive speech act in fiction film are command and request. Another research was conducted by Martinez (2011) which aims at describing the linguistic parameters of illocutionary constructions within the scope of the Lexical-Constructional Model. In this work, he explains the semantic and pragmatic base of a number of illocutionary constructions performing the speech acts of requesting and begging. This analysis attempts to reveal the formal differences in the constructions in relation to their illocutionary meaning.

6 perception, motivation, action etc. It explains the phenomena holistically by words description in a natural context using scientific method (Moleong, 2004:15). There are four major types of qualitative research: phenomenology, ethnography, case study research, grounded theory, and historical research (Johnson (2005) in Kuntjojo (2009:16). This research determines as case study research which is a form of qualitative research that focused on providing a detailed account of one or more cases. The data in this research are in the form of utterances using directive speech act made by students of directive speech act used by lecturer and students English magister program of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, in 2013/2014 academic year. The sources of data of this study are event and context. Each class is approximately attended by 22 students and 6 lecturers. The observation has been conducted from 28 October 2014 to 17Mei 2014. There are totally 371 minutes and 33 second of voice recording from. Technique of Collecting Data

ALHAMDUILLAHIRABIL ‘ALAMIN, In the name of ALLAH SWT , the most courageous and merciful, I would to say thank to ALLAH SWT the almightily for grace and blessing for the writer in making this reserch paper to fulfill one of requirement for getting the bachelor degree in English Department of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. The writer accomplishes to finally his research paper entitled: AN ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT EMPLOYED BY THE CHARACTER IN THE MOVIE ENTITLED WORLD WAR Z

Language is important aspect which cannot be separated from life to communicate to each other to fulfill her or his own needs. People use language in their speech, either spoken or written. Communication is one way to express of mind, ideas, emotion and feelings. It can also express it by using body or gesture movement, action, signal and sound. if the hearer cannot get the intention of every utterance, it will lead a misunderstanding. A successful communication only can be achieved if the hearer and the speaker are able to understand thoughts, desire and feeling of each other. Yule, (2010: 127) stated that communication depends on not only recognizing the meaning of words in an utterance, but recognizing what speakers mean by their utterances.

Teaching and learning process in the Magister of English Faculty, in University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta that speaking is communication tool in order to enable activeness in the class. In the process, lecturer often uses directive speech in class speaki g orally. O e of the activities i the classroo i volves lecturers a d

phenomenon. (2) The second research conducted by Yossi Diana. She concerned on the type of directive speech act in comic entitled Civil War. Her research aims to describe the meaning and context and type of directive speech act used by the character in this comic. This research is a Pragmatic study. This data found in Civil War comic. The method of research is descriptive qualitative research because the objective of this study is observing and finding the information as many as possible of the phenomenon. (3) The third research conducted by Eva Nuriana. The third previous study focuses on the analysis of directive speech act found in teaching and learning English for Second Grade of MAN 2 Surakarta academic year 2016/2017. The next subchapter, the study used a directive speech act as a research object. The last component, the previous researcher regards Teaching and Learning English for Second Grade of MAN 2 Surakarta as the research subject. (4) The fourth research conducted by Latifah Nurhasana. She concerned on the type of speech act in the D isney animation movie script “ by Pete Docter and Ronnie Del Carmen. Her research aims to find out the types of the speech act of utterance and to describe the application of speech acts in the Disney animation movie script “Inside Out“ by Pete Docter and Ronnie Del Carmen. The design of her research is qualitative research. The data is taken from original DVD and transcript from the internet. The technique of data analysis data is document analysis or content analysis. There were three forms of data: video, script, and classifying. (5) The fifth research conducted by Muhammad Salman Tesaindra. This research focuses on the analysis of directive speech act found in The Help movie. The aim of this research is to elaborate the classification of the directive illocutionary acts of the dialogues in The Help into type, function of the illocutionary acts and the component of the illocutionary forces used by the speaker to the hearer in this movie and to find out the factors that the use of directive illocutionary acts of the dialogues in The Help movie. This data found in The Help movie. (6) The sixth research conducted by Winda Ayu Citra Dewi. This research focuses on the analysis of speech act in The Great Gatsby movie script. This research aims to know the illocutionary act based on Searle category are used by the main characters in The Great Gatsby movie script.

Then, from the five classifications above, the writer found speech act verbs of every speech acts, as proposed by Leech (1993:205-6). Leech gives some examples of speech act verbs of every speech acts, such as (1) the representative speech act verbs: assert, predict, insist, etc., (2) the directive speech act verbs: ask, beg, request, etc., (3) the commisive speech act verbs: promise, swear, offer, etc., (4) the expressive speech act verbs: apologize, congratulate, thank, etc., and the last is (5) the declarations speech act verbs: declare, bless, curse, baptize, etc. This classification can ease the writer in the process of analysis. The writer also analyzed it based on the way it is uttered, whether it is uttered directly or indirectly. To make the research work easier, the writer took some steps to do her research.

The researcher uses descriptive qualitative research. According to wognan and tailor (Moleong: 2000:3) qualitative research is a research that yields the descriptive data in the form of written and oral word from observing the people‘s behavior. Type of this research is descriptive qualitative because the researcher intends to identify the linguistic forms of directive speech that is used in the movie “the legend of Hercules” manuscript and to describe the contextual meaning of directive speech in the movie ““the legend of Hercules” manuscript. The research begins by watching the movie “The Legend of Hercules”, searching the source of data, collecting the data, making classification and analyzing of them to draw a conclusion. Furthermore, the researcher does not make any judgment, criticism, or evaluation. He just makes a description on the phenomenon occurred analysis them.

as well. She conducted a study entitled An Analysis of Expressive Acts in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire Film. The next study written by Lidya Oktoberia from University of Padang entilled Types of Directive Speech Act Used in Harry Potter-The Deathly Hallows and Bride Wars Movie Script. The fourth study is conducted by Hidayati Sholihah (2013) entitled A Pragmatic Analysis of Directive Utterances in Breaking Dawn Part I Movie. The last study is written by Merdana, Seken K, and Adi Jaya Putra N (2013) entitled An Analysis of Speech Acts Produced by Elementary School Teachers and Students to Facilitate Teaching and Learning at Sdn 10 Pringgasela East Lombok.

The research finding in this study shows the variety of the language form, the politeness pattern and the implicature of directive speech act in Alice in Wonderland Movie Script (2010). This study also shows that there are close relations between language form and politeness pattern. There are 92,8% nomber data of bald on- record included to imperative sentence. All of the data which include to imperative sentence also include to bald on-record. The imperative sentence be the one of the features of bald on- record.

pronunciation, or vocabulary). Nevertheless, we also should notice the socialinguistic competence (when, why, and in what ways to produce language). Blundell, Hinggens, Middlemiss (1982) states that speech situation can be divided into two parts; they are formal and informal situation which are determined by the topic, setting, social relationship and psychological attitude. Therefore, in this study the writer just focus on analysing the language use produced by students in producing command and request in relation to the speech situation.

The type of this study is the descriptive qualitative research. The object of the study is both data are utterances found in World War Z movie. The methods of collecting data are observation and documentation. The data are analyzed by Kriedler’s theory of speect act (1998).