Nguyin Thj Thu Huyin vd Dig Tgp chf KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 177(01): 111-115
PHAN BIET MOT SO DU*pC Ll£U MANG TEN "HA THU 6 DO"
B A N G PHU'OfNG PHAP CAM QUAN VA VI H O C
Nguyen Thj Thu Huyin'', Nguyen Viet ThanS Dinh Phinmg Lien', Ngfi Thj Huyen Trang'
'Trudng Dgt hpc Y Duac - DH Thdi Nguyen 'Trudng Dgi hqc Duvc Hd Npi TOM TAT
Hd thu 6 dfi [Fallopia multiflora (Thumb.) Haraldson Syn. Polygonum multiflorum Thumb.], hg Rau rdm (Polygonaceae) Id mgt dugc lieu quy duoc nhdn dan ta sfl dung tir rat lau ddi, Viec sfl dung re cu cua cdc lodi khde thay thi cho loai tren sS lam gidm hieu qua trong qua trinh chfla binh.
Bs tdi da tiln hdnh phdn bilt 4 mSu "Ha thu 6 do" bang phuong phdp cdm quan vd phucmg phdp hien vi. Ket qud cho thiy vl dac dilm cam quan cfi thi dua vdo vo ngo^i va loi go, dac diem hiln vi cfi thi dya vdo tinh the calci oxalat dl phdn bi€t cdc m§u nghlSn cflu.
Tir khda: Hd thu 6 do, gidi phdu, viphdu, hiin vi, cdm quan MODAU
Viet Nam Id mgt quoc gia nam trong khu vyc nhigt ddi gio mfia nin nude ta cfi tham thyc vat phong phu va cd nhieu tiem nang vl cay thuoc. Theo thing kl sa bd cua vi^n dugc ligu nude ta cfi khoang 14.000 Ioai thyc vdt, nim tao, trong dd cd gin 4000 cay thuoc.
Ha thu 6 do la mgt dugc ligu quy dugc nhan dan ta sfl dyng tfl rit lau ddi vdi nhilu ten khde nhau nhu da hgp, da giao ddng... Re cu ciia Ha thu d do cd tdc dyng bo mau, tri di tinh, khi hu, than kinh suy nhugc, sot ret kinh nien, di ngoai ra mau, bfl gan thgn, den rau tfic [3], [4]. Bg phgn trln mdt dat cd tac dyng dudng tam an thin, dudng huyit hogt lac... [2]
Hiln nay nhu cau sfl dyng Ha thu d dd ngdy cang tang cao. Than cu cua mpt so loai thugc chi Dioscorea, smilax vd cu cfla loai Ha thu fl trdng [Slreplocaulon jivenlus Mer,, hg Thien ly (Asclepiadaceae)] cung dugc bay ban trln thj trudng vdi ten "Ha thu d do" [5]. Vigc sfl dung cac dugc lieu nay thay thi dflgc ligu Ha thu d dd [fallopia multiflora (Thumb.) Haraldson Syn. Polygonum multiflorum Thumb.], hg Rau ram (Polygonaceae) se lam giam higu qua trong cdng tdc phdng va chfla bgnh. De giflp sang lgc nhanh dugc ligu trong
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qua trinh su dyng, de tai dugc tien hanh vdi muc tilu phan biet dugc Ha thfl fi do that va gia trln thi truong bang phuong phdp cdm quan'vavi hgc.
PHUONG P H A P NGHIEN CUU - Doi tugng nghiln cuoi:
+ Mau chuan (mau HTO 1): Re efl cua cay Ha thfl d dd da dugc dugc kiem nghiem cam quan va giai phau theo cac tilu chuan quy djnh trong Dugc dien Viet Nam FV [ 1 ].
+ Mdu so sanh: Mau "Ha thd d" dugc thu tgi Ha Ngi, Diln Bien, Thai Nguyen vao thdng 10/2016 den thang 2/2017. Cac mdu sau khi thu thgp dugc chia thanh 3 nhdm HTO 2, HTO 3, HTO 4 dua vao dac diem hinh thai.
Mau HTO 2: Cu tuai, hinh thoi, thufln dai, vd ngoai mau nau, cd nhieu seo re gidng myn com vd nhieu cu con.
Mau HTO 3: La nhung lat cdt ngang hogc dgc, mau den, cd 1 Idi go rgng trln 1cm, chiem 1/3-1/2 be rdng Idt cat.
Mau HTO 4: La nhung lat cdt ngang hogc dgc, mau dd nau hoac den. 0 gifla cd I loi go CO dudng kinh < 1 cm, xung quanh cd thi cd hogc khong cdc bd dan nhd han.
- Dja dilm nghien cfln: Bp mdn Dugc lieu - Trudng Dgi hgc Y Dugc Thdi Nguyen - Phuang phap nghien cuu:
in
Nguyin Thi Thu Huyin vd Dig Tgp ch! KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 177(01): 111-115 -J- Nghien cfln: Quan sat, mfl ta bang phuang
phap md td phan tich
+ Dac dilm vi hpc: Soi bpt cu, Mfi td, chyp anh mdt so dgc dilm dac biet.
4- Phan bigt cac nghiln cun: So sdnh cac dgc
• dilm tuong flng ciia mau chuan vdi cac mau so sanh.
- Chi tilu nghiln cuu
-I- So sanh dugc ddc diem cam quan cua mau chuan vdi cdc mdu so sanh.
-f- So sdnh dugc ddc dilm vi hgc bdt cua mau chuan vdi cac mau so sanh.
KET QUA VA B A N LUAN
Nghien ciru d^c diem cam quan va hien vi cua cac mSu nghien cihi
MdaHTOI
nhung noi loi cua re, cac dam bd libe gd phan tdch nhau bdi nhQng tia rugt kha rgng (6), (Hinh 2).
Hinli I Cu llalliii odo - Cdm quan: Cfl hinh tron hoac hinh thoi khdng deu, dai tu 30-60 cm, vd ngoai mau nau sam, cd nhieu dogn loi, Idm. Mat cat ngang cd tiet dign hinh trdn, mau trang hong hoac mau dd hfing nhat, Cd mdt ldi gd d gifla, dudng kinh 15i gd khoang 0,4-1 cm (chiim
<I/4 so vdi duong kinh cua mgt cdt ngang). Q nhflng chd ldi cfla than cd thi cd hodc khdng cac Idi go nhd hon. Vi chat, (hinh I) - Bgc diem hien vi
+ Dgc diem giai phau: Bin ngoai cung la ldp ban gdm 3-4 Idp te bao co vach day hoa bin (I), md mem vd (2) cd chfla canxi oxalat hinh cau gai (3). Li be (4) - go (5) xip thanh nhieu vdng: Mgt vdng to nhat d trung tam, nhieu vdng nhd han d xung quanh tuong ung vdi 112
Hlnh 3. Mgt sd dgc diim hiin vi bgt HTO mdu I + Dac dilm bgt: Bgt mau nau do nhgt, vj chat.
Khi soi kinh hiln vi thiy mfit so dgc diem:
Manh ban (3,4) gom cac te bao thanh day bat mau do nau; manh mfi mem gdm nhQng te bao thdnh mdng mang nhilu hat rinh bgt (5^
manh mach dilm (1,6); tinh bgt dgng hgt don
(9) hinh chuong, kich thudc 0,02-0,03 mm, rln
hinh vgch phan nhanh hodc dgng hat kep doi,
Nguyin Thi Thu Huyin vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGH$ 177(01): 111 -115 kep ba (S); tinh the calci carbonat hinh cau gai
kich thudc 0,04-0,06 mm (7). (Hinh 3) Nhgn xet: Tfl cdc dgc diem trln cd thi kit luan mau HTO I dat tilu chuan vl cdm quan vd hiln vi theo tieu chuan Dugc dien Viet Nam TV [1], De tai da sii dyng mau ndy lam mau chuan.
Mdu HTO 2
^^ i^|M%
bao thanh mong mang nhieu hgt tinh bgt (7);
manh mach mang (3,4); tinh bgt dgng hgt don (1,2) htnh chudng, hinh bdu dye kich thudc 0,02-0,04 mm, ron hinh vach phan nhanh; 2 loai tinh the calci carbonat hinh kim, Ioai mgt nam rilng le kich thudc 0,04-0,06 mm (9), logi hai thudng nam thanh bo co thi ndm trong ti bao hogc khdng (6) (Hlnh 5) Mau HTO 3:
- Dac dilm cam quan: Dugc lieu la nhijng Idt cdt ngang hinh trdn, dudng kinh 3-4 cm hogc nhflng lat cat dpc hinh chfl nhat, kich thudc 2- 3x5-6 cm, mau nau den, cd mdt Idi gd ndm d giua, kich thudc duong kinh Idi gfi 1-2 cm.
Dugc lilu'cd miii tham ciia mat, vj nggt.
(Hinh 6)
Hin h 5. Mgt so ddc diem hiin vi bgl cu mdu HTO 2 - Dgc diim cam quan: Cu thudn dai 20-40 cm, rgng 3-6 cm. vd ngoai mau nau sam cd nhieu vit seo rl gidng nhu mun cam. Tren than cd nhieu cu con. Mat cat hinh trdn, ngoai ciing cfi mpt ldp ban mau nau sgm, bl mat mau nau do, CO nhieu cham mdu do dam (Hinh 4).
- Dgc diim hiln vi: Bpt mau nau dfi, vj nhgt, hai te. Khi soi tren kinh thay cac ddc dilm:
Mdnh bin (5) gdm cac tl bao thanh day bit mdu dd nau; mdnh mo mem gom nhflng te
(±> n '
II 6
^ § #
Hlnh 7. Mgt so dgc diim hiin vi bgt mdu HTO 3
113
Nguyen Thj Thu Huyen vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 177(01): 111-115 - Dac d i l m h i l n vi: Bgt mau den, mui thom,
vj nggt. Khi soi tren kinh hien vi cd cac dgc d i l m sau: Manh ban (2), manh md m i m co tinh bdt bj ho hoa (1), sgi (3), manh mach dilm (7,9), tinh the calci oxalate hinh cau gai, kich thudc 0,02-0,04 mm (8), nhieu hgt tinh bdt don hinh chudng hoac hinh bau due, kich thudc 0,01-0,015 mm, phan trung tam ciia hat tinh bgt bj lorn xufing (5,6). (Hinh 7) M&u HTO 4
- Dac dilm cam quan: Dugc lieu la nhflng lat cat ngang hogc trdn, d u d n g kinh 4 - 5 cm hodc nhflng Idt cat dpc hinh chir nhat, kich thudc 2-3x5-6 cm, mau nau den, cd mgt loi gfl nam d giua, dudng kinh khoang 1-2 cm (chiim khfing qua VA dp rgng cua lat cat), d nhflng cho loi cua lat cdt cd the cd hogc khdng cac bd dan nhd hon. D u g c ligu co mui thom, vj hai chat. (Hinh 8
Hinh 9. Mgt so ddc diim hiin vi bot mdu HTO 4 114
- Dac d i i m hien vi; Bgt mdu nau dd, miii thom, vj ehdt. Khi soi tren kinh h i l n vi co cac dac diem sau: Manh mfi m i m cd tinh bgt bi ho hoa (4), sgi (8), mdnh mgch d i l m (1,6), tinh t h i calci oxalate hinh cau gai, kich thuoc'?
0,04-0,05 mm (8), tinh the calci oxalat hinh khdi (3), nhilu hgt tinh bgt don hinh chuong hogc hinh bau dye, kich thudc 0,008-0,01 mm. (Hinh 9)
So s a n h d a c d i e m c a m q u a u cac mau
nghien ciru ^ Bang \. So sdnh ddc diim cam quan cdc mdu
nghiin cuu Mau
HTOI
HTO 2 Vfi ngoai Nhan, mau ndu do Mdu nau, co nhieu seo r l nhu mun com
Ldi go 1 lei gfi d giita, duflng kinh khoang 0,4-1 cm Khfing CO 151 gfi cr gifla HTO 3 Ldp bdn Co I loi go d gifia
nhung loi gd to hon so vdi mau HTO 1 (chiem 1/3-1/2 hi rgng cua Idt cat) HTO 4 Gilng vdi Gilng vdi mlu
mau HTO 1 HTO 1 Nhgn xet: T u dgc diem cam quan cfi the kel luan m l u H T O 2 khong phai la dugc lieu Ha thu d do. M l u H T O 3, H T O 4 c i n nghien cflu t h i m d l cd ket lugn chinh xac.
So sanh d a c diem hien vi cac m a u nghien cuu K i t qua n g h i l n cfln h i i n vi cfla 4 mau nghien cuu cho thay cd the phan bilt dupc mau HTO 2 vdi mdu chuan (HTO I ) . Mdu HTO 2 co tinh t h i calci oxalate hinh kim cdn m l u HTO I, H T O 3, H T O 4 chi cd tinh t h i calci oxalat hinh cau gai.
Mdu H T O 3, H T O 4 la m l u "Ha thii 6" da chl nen tinh bgt bi hfi hoa tao thanh tirng khii tinh bpt.
KET LUAN VA KIEN N G H I
De tai dd d i n hanh phan bilt 4 m l u ha thu 6 tren thi trudng. Trong dd co t h i phdn bi^t dugc mdu H T O 2 vdi m l u H T O I, dac dilm
Nguyin Thi Thu Huyjn vd Btg Tsp chl KHOA HQC & CONG NQHE 177(01): 111-115 cam quan co the dira v a o vo ngoai va loi i TAI LIEU THAM KHAO dac diim hiSn vi co th6 dua vao tinh thS calci 1 • Bg Y t i (2009), Dwc Hiin Viit Nam IV, Nxb
Y hgc.
oxalat d l phan bigt cdc mdu nghien cihi. Tfl 2, Dfi Huy Bich vd cs (2006), Cdy thuoc vd dgng k i t qua nghien cfln cd the ket lugn mau H T O vgt ldm thudc & Viit Nam, tap I, Nxb Khoa hoc va 2 khflng phai la H a thii o do [Fallopia KJ thugt, tr. 8 8 4 - 8 8 8 .
multiflora (Thumb.) Haraldson Syn. 3. Bg mfin Dugc hgc cfi truyen - D a i hoc Dugc
„ , , .„ 1-. . n . n - Ha Ngi (2002), Duac hoc cd truyen, Nxb Y hoc.
Polygonum multijlorum Ihumb.J, hg Rau ram . T I 4 _ - I | 4
(Polygonaceae), 4. e g Tdt Lgi (2004), Nhung cdy thudc vd vi thudc Mau H T O 3 , H T O 4 can nghien cuu them ve
Viit Nam, Nxb Y hoc, tr, 833 - 836,
, . . , i ' , . J . , . . . ^ , , , (^ 5, Pham Thiln, LS Vdn Thudn, Bui van Chuong thanh phan hoa hpc de phan biet va co ket ^^010), Cdy thudc. bdi thudc vd biet duac, Nxb Y lugn chinh xac. ht^c^ tr, 103-1 IQ,
A B S T R A C T
D I V I S I O N O F S O M E P H R A S E S A R E C O V E R E D BY T H E N A M E O F " H A T H U O D O "
BY S E N S O R Y A N D M I C R O S C O P I C M E T H O D S
Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen*, Dinh Phuong Lien, Ngo Thi Huyen Trang TNU- University of Medicine and Pharmacy Fallopia multiflora (Thumb.) Haraldson Syn. Polygonum multiflorum Thumb., Polygonaceae is a precious medicine used for a long time in Viet Nam. The use of other species's roots to replace this species will reduce the effectiveness ofthe treatment. The study distinguished four samples
"Ha thu o do" by sensory and microscopic methods for rapid screening of this drug. Sensory characteristics can be based on the surface and wood core, the microscopic characteristics may rely on calcium oxalate crystals to distinguish the sample.
Key word: Fallopia multiflora (Thumb.) Haraldson, microscopic: sensory; surgery; microsurgery
Ngdy nh^n bdi: 04/12/2017; Ngdy phdn bifn: 24/12/2017; Ngdy duyft ddng: 30/01/2018 Email: nguyenhuyenlnvp@gmaiLci