So 9 (227)-2014 NGON N G C & DCfl SONG 23^
MOT SO PHlTcnVG THlTC CHUYEN DICH HAM Y QUY U^6C Ttr TIENG ANH SANG TIlfcNG VIET
(Nghieii cuu dya tren phat ngon co ham y
trong mot so truyen ngan cua Earnest Hemmingway)
S T R A T E G I E S F O R T R A N S L A T I N G U T T E R E N C E S W I T H
C O N V E N T I O N A L I M P L I C A T U R E FROIVI E N G L I S H I N T O VIETNAIVIESE (Based on utterances extracted from short stories by Earnest H e m m i n g w a y )
TRINH THI THOM
( T h S ; T n r ^ g Dai hoc Hdng Diic)
Abstract: Conventional implicature is implicit meaning conveyed by means of linguistic forms such as conjunctions, connotational particles, special stmctures, etc. However, this system is different from language to language. Such difference between English and Vietnamese requires the translator's creativeness when applying translation theories to the translating in order to have the right choice of linguistic forms to obtain the necessary equivalence between the source and the target language. This research indicates that the translators use three main strategies when translating utterances with conventional implicature from English to Vietnamese, which are: translations v^th conserved Conventional Implicature, translation with adapted Conventional Implicature and translation with Conventional Implicature obmitted.
Key words: conventional implicature; strategies; conserve; adapt; dynamic equivalence.
1. Ham y quy urorc va dich thuat phap (...) deu cd the gan vdi nhflng gi ma Paul Grice (1975) da dua ra khai niem ham nhieu nha nghia hgc theo Griee se xep vao y quy uoc, do la "viec dimg mdt dang thiic ham y quy ude" (John Lyons 1995: 286).
nao dd cua tir trong phat ngdn thudng se lam Vdi quan diem ham y quy ude la rihflng gi nay sinh (trong dilu kien khdng cd tmh hudng cd the duge ngudi ndi dimg de ngam bieu dac biet) mgt ham y nao dd hay mdt kilu ham hien mdt each quy uoc mdt dilu gi diy vugt y nao dd" vdi mdt sd vi du vl cac "dang thiic" ra ngoai va ding sau dieu hg dang ndi ra tren nhu nhiing phuong tien bilu thi loai ham y thuc te, chiing ta cd thi bd sung vao danh sach nay nhu but, and, therefore (dan theo Nguyen cac vi du vl ham y quy uoc cua Grice, gdm:
Van Hiep 2012: 257). cac lien tir and (va), but (nhung) va therefore John Lyons da md rgng pham vi cua ham y (vi vay), however (tuy nhien), moreover (hon quy uoc trong bon loai nghia, gdm nghia the nua), nevertheless (tuy vay), yet (nhung menh dh, nghia mieu ta, nghia xa hdi va nghia ma), v.v.; cac tieu tir tmh thai even (tham chi).
bilu Id vdi nhan dinh "khdng cd Iy do gi dh well (hiu nhu), just (vira, mdi), v.v.; va cac han chi khai niem ham y quy ude trong pham hmh thai, cii phap ciing nhu cae pham tru ngfl- vi lien tir va tilu tir" (John Lyons 1995: 275) phap nhu thdi, thiic.
Ngoai he thdng tir vvmg ma cu thi la lien tir He thong tir ngfl- de cd thi tao ra ham y quy va tilu tir tinh thai la nhung don vi ngdn ngu uoc trong TV dugc Nguyen Van Hiep (2012) cd nhieu kha nang bilu hien ham y quy uoc xae lap, gdm lien tir lihu nhung, song, va; cac thi "... nhiing khae biet ve hinh thai va cii qudn ngu tinh thdi cdy so sdnh, riaa hudng gi.
24 NGON NGtr & DOfI SONG So 9 (227)-2014
naa la; cac phd tu chi thdi, thi nhu vdn, lgi, ra, di
Ban vl chuyin dich ham y quy ude, John Lyons cho ring: "Thuc tl, nhflng khae biet vl thdi va thiic, khdng phai chi trong TA ma cdn trong nhilu ngdn ngfl-, thudng gin vdi nhflng khae biet ve nghTa bilu Id; va chiing cue ki khd chuyin dich thda dang tir ngdn ngu: nay sang ngdn ngir khae" Trong mdi ngdn ngii, he thdng tir vung ndi chung, he thdng tir vung bilu thi ham y quy ude tilm tang ndi rieng, la khae nhau: "Tilng Anh (...) cd tuong ddi it tilu tir tinh thai" va "... tinh cd nghia va tinh quy uoc cua chiing la hien nhien xuat phat tir thuc te rang chimg cd the bi chuyen dich sai"
(John Lyons, 1995:286).
Su khdng can ddi ve he thdng tir vung ma eu the la eae tieu tir tinh thai giiia TA va TV, ciing nhu su khae biet hoan toan ve hinh thiie giira mgt ngdn ngii bien hinh (TA) va ngdn ngii don lap (TV) trong viec bieu thi ve thdi va thiic la nguyen nhan dan den su can thiet phai cd nhiing nghien ciiu thda dang va nhflng ket luan cu the ve viec chuyen dich ham y ndi ehung, chuyen dieh ham y quy ude ndi rieng.
Tuy nhien, su khae biet gifl-a hai ngdn ngir cung nhu su da dang eiia cac loai nghia va cac bieu thiic bieu thi ham y quy ude d mdi ngdn ngu: la rat Idn.Trong khudn khd cua nghien ciiu nay, chiing tdi chi ed thi khao sat mdt sd hinh thai ngdn ngfl: nhit dinh ciing nhu mdt sd cau tnic tieu bieu de xae dinh phuong thiie chuyen dich ham y quy ude tu TA sang TV.
2. Phuong thuc chuyen dich ham y quy ude
Qua phan tich, mieu ta, ddi chilu 357 phat ngdn cd chiia cac hinh thai ngdn ngfl- mang ham y quy ude trong mdi quan he vdi ngfl:
ngudn va ngfl- dich, chimg tdi da xae lap dugc ba phuong thiic ma ngudi dich da su dung dl chuyen dich ham y tir TA sang TV.
2.1. Dich bdo todn hdmy quy w&c
Lien tir and va but xuit hien vdi tin suit rat cao trong cac phat ngdn cd ham y quy ude.
Trong dd, ed tdi 137 lin tir and dugc chuyin
dich sang TV vdi nghia la va cai net nghia phd bien nhit cua tir nay dugc md ta trong tir dien va chiing tdi tam coi day la net nghTa chinh cua hinh thai ngdn ngu: nay. Theo do, tir and khi dugc chuyen dich sang TV vdi nghTa vd dugc coi la dugc bao toan nghia.
Vi du : (Ci cugc thoai giu:a mdt ngudi dan dng va tac gia tmyen Che ti dice la patria, tr.
220):
Guy: You don't like Italian roads ? The author: They are dirty.
Guy: Fifty lire. Your car is dirty and you are dirty, too.
Vdi viec sir dimg lien tir and, ngudi dan dng mudn dua ra sir so sanh tuong iing giira your car (eai xe) va you (cac anh nhiing vi khach cua minh). Ca hai deu ban nhu nhau.
Ngudi dan dng so sanh nhu vay la cd y coi thudng nhirng vi khach kia, rang hg ciing chi la vat vd tri vd giac nhu chiee xe vay thoi, hoac hg cung chi la nhiing cdng cu, phuang tien phue vu ma thdi. Hon the nfl:a, do la ldi budc tdi nhflng vi khach da lam cho dudng sa d Italy trd nen ban thiu.
Ci phat ngdn TV, viee duy tri nghia cua tir and vdi y so sanh, chi su ngang bang gifl:a cai xe va nhung vi khach cua ngudi dan dng lam cho phat ngdn bao toan mdt each chinh xae cai y nghia ma ngudi dan dng muon bilu dat.
Day ciing chinh la phan iing ciia Ngudi dan dng khi nhflng vi khach dam 'che' dudng sa d Italy.
Ngudi dan dng: Cdc anh khdng thich duomg sd Italy hd?
The author : Nd bdn ldm.
Ngudi dan dng: Ndm muoi Ua. Xe cua cdc anh bdn vd bdn thdn cdc anh ciing bdn thiu ndt.
[Td qudc ndi gi vdi may, tr. 207]
Rd rang lien tir vd thi hien mdt sir so sanh giQ:a -eai xe bin' va nd hoan toan tuong img vdi 'nhung con ngudi bin thiu' va ca hai diu la nguyen nhan lam bin nhung con dudng d Italy.
So 9 (227)-2014 NGON NGtT & DQfl SONG 25^
Vdi net nghia 'vd', tir 'and' cdn mang ham 1st soldier : / used to see her around the y chi mdi quan he nhan - qua giiia hai su kien town.
dugc bieu hien d hai menh de tnrdc va sau nd. 2" soldier: She used to have a lot of stuff.
Vi du: He never brought her no good luck
\^\ck: I'm sorry as hell about her but what 1st soldier: Oh, he ain't lucky. Bid he could I do? You know what her mother was looked pretty good to me in there today,
like! [Today is Friday, tr. 270]
Bill: She was terrible. Trong cau chuyen giua hai ngudi Iinh, Nick : All of a sudden it was over. I nhan vat dugc nhae den vdn ludn khdng duge oughtn 't to talk about it. may man. Md dau cho phat ngdn tiep theo.
Bill: You aren 't. I talked about it and now anh linh thii nhat da dimg tu but vdi ham y I'm through. We won't ever speok gbout it chuan bi eho ngudi nghe ddn nhan mdt thdng again. You don't want to think about it. You tin hoan toan trai nguge, rang khdng phai Iiic might get back into it again. nao anh ta ciing khdng may man nhu vay, ma [The three - day blow, pp. 66] nguge lai, va thdng tin tiep theo sau cai ham y Bill da phu nhan viee Nick ndi ve cd gai chi mdt dieu trai nguge dd la: hdm nay anh ta ma tu nhan trach nhiem ve minh. Va chinh vi rat may man (qua viec anh ta choi rat tdt) trach nhiem dd ma viec cau ta khoi mao cau Khi chuyen dich doan hdi thoai nay sang chuyen thi viec cau ta cham diit ndi ve nd TV, ngudi dich da gifl- nguyen net nghia ciing la trach nhiem ciia cau ta. Nhu vay, viec nhung cua tir but, lam cho y nghia cua phat
"khoi mao" la nguyen nhan dan den viec ban ngdn tieng Viet dugc bao toan nguyen ven than cau ta phai "chim diit", la hai viee tit nhu ham y cua tir but trong phat ngdn TA:
yeu phai di cimg nhau, cai sau la he qua eua Linh thii nhat: Tao thuong thdy cd dy cai tmdc. loanh quanh trong thdnh pho.
Cugc thoai tren dugc dieh sang TV nhu Linh thii hai: Cd ta cd nhieu tien ldm. Hdn sau: cha nen bdm cd ta, chdng mdy may gi ddu.
Nick : Minh that xdt xa cho cd dy nhung Linh thii nhit: 6, hdnxuildm. Nhung ddi minh cdn biit ldm sao day ? Cdu biit me cd vdi tao, hdm nay trdng hdn rdt cit.
dy Id hgng nguoi thi ndo rdi! [Hdm nay thiir Sau, tr. 261 ] Bill: Bd ta that kinh khiing. 2.2. Dich cdi Men hdmy quy u&c
Nick : Dot nhien, moi chuyen dd chdm dut. Mdt sd phat ngdn chira cae hmh thai ngdn Le ra minh khdng nen ndi vi chuyen dy. ngflr bilu dat ham y quy uoc nhung d ban dich Bill: Cdu khdng ndi Minh khoi ra vd bdy sang TV, net nghia mang ham y quy uac do it gio minh dimg lgi Bon minh se khdng ndi nhilu da bi thay ddi.
chimin ndy naa. Cdu khdng mudn nghivi nd Lien tir but vdn ham y chi su trai nguge nghia la cd thi cdu lgi nho vind. doi vdi hai thdng tin tmdc va sau nd. Tuy [Con gid ba ngay, tr. 68] nhien, trong ddi thoai gifla hai me con Krebs, 6 phat ngdn TV, lien tir vd dugc chuyin lien tir nay da dugc dich chuyin thanh vd.
dich tir TA (and) va van dam bao mdi quan he Mother of Krebs: I had a talk with your nhan qua giiia viec 'khoi ra' va viec 'dimg lai' father last night, Harold, and he is willing for
Tir but cd net nghia diu tien la nhmg, vdi you to take the car out in the evenings.
ham y chi mdi quan he trai nguge cua hai ndi Krebs : Yeah? Take the car out? Yeah?
dung menh dh duge thi hien trong hai menh Krebs' mother: Yes. Your father has felt for dk dat tmdc va sau nd: some time that you should be able to take the
26 NGON NGtr & DQfl SONG So 9 (227)-2014
car out in the evenings whenever you wished tain quan trgng tuong duong nhau va khdng but we only talked it over last night. the hien trat tu cac hanh ddng mdt each ro [Soldier's home, tr. 91] rang. Khi chuyin dich phat ngdn nay sang Me Krebs: Tdi qua me da ndi chuyen vdi TV, ngudi dich da thay tu and thir nhit bing ba, Harold, vd ba da bdng long di con su tir rdi mdt tir bilu hien rit rd net tinh chit co dungxe vdo budi tdi trat tu eua hanh ddng, tiic la vg dng ta chi cit Krebs : Fay d? Ddnh xe di choi? Vdy sao? nhflng bai xa luan sau khi da dat va ed nhflng Me Krebs: If. Ba con ddi luc ciing nghi td bao. Ddi vdi tir and thii hai, ngudi dich rang, con cd the diing xe di chai vdo budi tdi thay bang 'dau phay' vdi y mudn liet ke va bdt ki luc ndo con mudn yd ba me da ddng y khdng de cap den trat tu eua hanh ddiig, co vdi nhau tdi qua. nghia la ba ta ed the cat nhimg trang the thao [Nha ciia linh, tr. 88] tmdc khi cit cae bai xa luan hoac nguge lai.
Rd rang, d phat ngdn TA, ngudi me mudn Tir and thu ba da dugc loai bd hoan toan d giai thich vdi con rang viec cho con dimg xe phat ngdn TV va nd khdng tao net nghia ve vao budi tdi la hgp li, da duge ngudi bd xem muc dich nhu de hay trat tu nhu rdi
xet den tir tmdc, va le ra hai ngudi da phai CJ mdt vi du khae, tir and cung duge thdng nhat vdi nhau sdm hon nen viec mai chuyen dich vdi nhung thay ddi nhat dinh doi den tdi qua mdi dua ra ban la qua mudn, trai vdi net nghia dau tien cua nd:
nguge vdi dieu le ra da lam tir tmdc. Bill: That's a good book, Wemedge.
Phan dich chuyen sang TV, su thay the Nick: It's a swell book What I couldn't bang tir vd lam giam bdt sir 'ay nay' cua ever understand was what good the sword ngudi me, va den tdi hdm qua hai ngudi \^uld do. It would have to stay edge up all thdng nhat de con trai danh xe di choi vao the time because if it went over flat you could budi tdi la thdi diem hgp li, khdng cd gi phai roll right over it and it wouldn 't make any ban luan ca trouble.
And cdn ham y mdi quan he ve trat tu gifl:a [The three - day blow, tr. 61]
hai sir kien dugc md ta thdng qua hai menh de (Bill: Cudn saeh hip dan dd, Wemedge.
tmdc va sau nd: Nick: Diy la cudn sach hay. Nhung minh The man: I'd like to meet that fellow. He's ching thi nao hiiu dugc thanh guom dat nhu a fine writer. My wife don't read English but thi phdng cd tac dung gi. Nd phai dung luoi she takes the paper just like when I was home Ien sudt dem bdi vi nlu cd nim bep xudng thi and she cuts out the editorials and the sport ngudi ta cd thi lan qua ma ching hi gap rie pages and sends them to me [Now I lay me, tr. rdi.)
279]. [Con gid ba ngay, tr. 60]
(Ngudi dan dng: Tdi thich gap anh chang 6 vi du nay, khi ndi vl tu thi cua thanh dd. Anh ta la mdt tay vilt kha. Vg tdi khdng guom, Nick da neu hai thdng tin cd lien quan dgc dugc tieng Anh nhung cd iy van dat bao din viec dat thanh guom d tu thi nim, dd la nhu khi tdi cdn o nha rdi cit nhflng bai xa ngudi ta cd thi lan qua nd va nd se khdng gay luan, nhflng trang thi thao (...) giri eho tdi) rie rdi gi cho hg. Viee thanh guom dugc dat [Bay gid tdi nim nghi, tr. 271] nim va viee ngudi ta Ian qua nd, vi6c no
and dugc dimg dh liet ke nhflng hanh khdng gay ton thuong gi cho hg la nhftng ddng, nhflng cdng viec ma vg cua ngudi dan thdng tin tuong doi dde lap, khdng ap dat ldi dng da lam. Cae don vj ngdn ngfl- nhu 'takes nhan xet danh gia cua ngudi ndi vdi nhimg the paper', 'cuts out the editorials , '(cuts) the dilu anh ta ndi ra, cung khdng thi hien mong sport pages , 'sends them to me' cd vai trd, mudn gi cua anh ta.
So 9 (227)-2014 NGON NGU* & DQfl SONG 27_
and da dugc dich chuyen thanh md, vdn Doctor's wife: Aren't you going back to cung dugc coi la mdt lien tir nhung net nghia work dear?
cd khae biet vdi and (va). Md ham y cai dilu Doctor: No
xay ra dugc diln dat thdng qua hinh thai ngdn Doctor's wife: Was anything matter?
ngfl- dat sau nd la dieu le ra khdng dugc nhu Doctor: I had a row with DickBoulton...
vay. Cu the d vi du nay, nlu thanh guom dugc Doctor's wife: You didn't say anything to dung ludi len sudt dem thi khi ai dd lan qua Boulton to anger him, did you?
nd se bi thuong, nhung khi nd dugc dat nim [The doctor and the doctor's wife, tr. 47, thi ngudi ta cd the Ian qua nd nhung khdng bi 49]
tdn thuong gi. Ma cd net nghia tuong tu nhu (Vg bae sT: Minh (...) lai lam viec phai nhimg va nd ngam the hien su danh gia eai khdng, minh?
gia tri trai nguge giiia hai thdng tin tmdc va Bae si: Khdng.
sau nd. Vg bae sT: Cd chuyen gi a minh?
2.3. Dich bo qua hamy quy ir&c Bae si: Anh (...) cai nhau vdi Dick Ciing vdi viec chuyen dieh cac phat ngdn Boulton ...
chiia phuong tien bieu thi ham y quy ude tir Vg bae si: Minh (...) khdng ndi dilu gi TA sang TV ma van bao toan dugc ham y cua lam Boulton gian phai khdng?
cac phuong tien nay, nhieu phat ngdn khi [Bae sT va vg bae si, tr. 37]
dugc chuyen dich tir TA sang TV cd the da bi Ciing tuong tu nhu vay, cac phat ngdn lam thay ddi it nhieu ham y cua chiing d o : ' . . . tieng Anh dirng cac bieu thiic ham y ve thdi nhieu bieu thiic mang nghia tir vung hoan rat rd rang (Aren't you going back to work, I toan la ddng nghia mieu ta vdi nhau,, song had a row. You didn't say anything) nhung d ehiing lai khae biet ve nghia xa hdi hay nghia cac phat ngdn TV khdng cd sir gdp mat cua bieu cam' Hon the nura, trong thuc te, TV va cac phd tir chi thdi, the nhu da, vdn,se, cu, TA ed sir khae biet rit rd net ve phuong thiie timg, lgi, ra, dang, len, di,... Nhu vay, cac bilu thi thdi va thiie nen rat khd chuyen dich ehi bao nay da duge bd qua trong cac phat thda dang cac bieu hien nay tir ngdn ngir nay ngdn da dugc chuyen dich tir TA sang TV, sang ngdn ngur kia. dd la : (Minh (...) lai lam viee phai khdng, Chinh vi vay, d cac vi du sau day, khai Anh (...) cai nhau vdi Dick, Minh (...) niem thdi hiu nhu da bi bd trdng trong eae khdng ndi,...)
phat ngdn tilng Viet: Cimg vdi cac bieu thiic chi thdi, thi bi bd Dick: Well, Doc, that's a nice lot of timber qua khi djch chuyin tir TA sang TV, mgt sd you've stolen. [The doctor and the doctor's hinh thai ngdn ngfl: khae nhu lien tir, tilu tir wife, tr. 47] tinh thai eiing bi bd qua d san pham dich
(Dick: Nay bae si, dng (...) thudng dugc thuat trong mdt sd phat ngdn. Vi du:
miy cay gd tot dd) [Bae sT va vg bae si, tr. 37) Dick: You know they 're stolen as well as I Vdi bilu thiic vou ve stolen, nguai ndi da do. It don't make any difference to me.
ngim cho chiing ta bilt viec liy trdm cay go The doctor : All right. If you think the da xay ra, va hien cai kit qua cua sir 'liy logs are stolen, take your stuff and get out.
trdm' do la sir hien hun cua cay gd. Vdi cao [The doctor and the doctor's wife, tr.48]
bugc: 'dng (...) thuong dugc miy cay go', (Dick: Ca dng va tdi deu bilt diy la go an ylu td thai da khdng dugc bieu hien thdng cip. Vdi tdi thi dung la thi diy.
qua mdt chi bao nao, ya chimg ta cung khdng Bae si: Thdi dugc. Neu may nghi dd la go bilt la nd dang ndi vl qua khii, hien tai hay an cip thi hay cim liy do {^ xeo mau.
tuong lai. Vidu: [Bacsi vavgbacsl,tr.38]
28^ NGON NGtr & DQfl SONG s6 9 (227)-2014
Bae sT yeu ciu Dick lam hai viec, khdng len ngudi dgc ban dich (tuong duong ddng ndi rd rang la viec nao lam trude, viec nao Dynamic equivalence). Cac tilu tir tinh thai lam sau nhung cd thi cd ham y ve quan he trat trong TV vdn rat da dang va la nhflng phuong tu cua cac hanh ddng nay nhd vao kinh tien rat hiiu hieu trong viec tao nen cac net nghiem ciia chiing ta (tmdc khi di phai lay va nghia ngam an cho mdt phat ngdn. Trong TA, cim theo do cua minh). Cd thi thiy, bae si da mdt sd tieu tir tinh thai cd chiic nang nhin khdng quan tam din viec nao quan trgng hon manh ciing cd vai trd rat quan trgng khi tao ra viec nao ma trong trang thai rat buc minh, dng thdng diep.
chi neu nhflng viec dng tri nhan dugc theo Vdi tam trang 'khdng biet se phai lam gi' diing logic trat tu cua nd. 0 ngdn ngfl- dich, thi "Probably we wouldn't even be going lien tir and dugc bd qua mdt each kheo leo va fishing tomorrow " van ed ham y ve sy day tao ra dugc mdt co sd de ngudi dgc cd the dirt, ddi co trong ldng ciia Nick. Cau vin phan cam nhan dugc rd net nhat trang thai ndng van khdng biet nen chgn giiia viec nay hay nay ciia vi bae si: hdy cdm lay dd (^ xeo viec kia va ca viec di cau la viec ehi it cd the mau. lam thi cd le ciing khdng nen lam. Tuy nhien, Bieu thuc even cung dugc bd qua khi cac khi nghe phat ngdn TV, "Cd le ngdy mai phat ngdn sau dugc chuyen dich sang TV: chung ta dimg nen (...) di cdu" ta thiy tam
^\ck: Let's have another drink. trang cua Nick cd ve thd o, lanh dam voi (Bill poured it out, Nick splashed in a little nhung gi xay ra xung quanh. Phat ngdn "Cd le water.) ngdy mai chung ta dimg nen (...) di cdu"
Bill: If you'd gone on that way we gidng nhu mdt cau ndi vu vo, nhu ndi voi wouldn't be here now. chinh minh, nhu thi cau chang dang nghi din That was true. His original plan had been "cai miia ddng duge d ben Marge" chii khong to go down home and get a job. Then he had quan tam din cau chuyen giiia cau va anh ban planned to stay in Charlevoix all winter so he Bill cua minh. Rd rang, even da lam nen sir could be near Marge. Now he did not know khae biet cho hai phat ngdn d TV va TA.
what he was going to do. 3. Ket luan
Bill: Probably we wouldn 7 even be going Ham y quy ude gdm hai loai la ham y cua fishing tomorrow. tir va ham y cua toan bd phat ngdn. Ham y [The three - day blow, tr. 64] cua tir thudng la loai ham y tinh thai, cd thi (Nick: Ta udng nfl:a di. dugc bilu thj bdi hu tir hoac thyc tir. Ham y (Bill rdt ruau, Nick pha them ti nuoc.) cua toan bd phat ngdn la y nghia cua menh dl, Bill: Nlu cau cii giu moi quan he iy thi y nghia tinh thai ham in cua mdt phat ngdn cu bay gid bgn ta se khdng eon d day. thi gin vdi mdt kilu ciu tnic cu thi hoac mot Dilu iy diing diy. Kl hoach ban diu cua hoan canh giao tilp eu thi. Tuy nhien, d mii c^u la quay vl nha kilm viee lam. Rdi cau dy ngdn ngfl:, cac phuong tien nay cd hinh thiic, djnh den d Charlevoix suot mua ddng dl ed sd lugng hay tinh da dang khae nhau.
the gin giii vdi Marge. Gid day cau khdng Viec chuyin dich ham y quy ude tir mot biet se phai lam gi. ngdn ngu: nay sang mdt ngdn ngu: khae, trong
Nick: Cd le ngay mai chiing ta dimg nen tmdng hgp cu thi cua chimg tdi la tir TA sang (•••^^^^^"- TV, la khdng h i de dang. Thdng qua vifc [Con gid ba ngay, tr. 66] khao sat, phan tich doi chilu giira ban gde TA Viee bo qua mgt tieu tir tinh thai nao dd ^^ ban djch sang TV mdt sd phat ngdn co khi chuyen dich mgt van ban tir TA sang TV ,hiia ham y quy ude chung ta thiy cic dich thyc sy da lam thay ddi tac ddng eua ban dieh j , , , thuc h L viec chuyin dich haL y qu
So 9 (227)-2014 NGON N G t r & DOfI SONG 29
ude theo ba phuong thiic: dich bao toan ham y quy ude; dich cai bien ham y quy ude;
dich bd qua ham y quy ude.
Mdi phuong thirc dich deu cd nhung uu dilm rieng ciia nd dh ngudi dich cd t h i lya chgn phuong thiic dich phu hgp nhat ddi vdi timg phat ngdn, nham tao ra mdt van ban dich dam bao tinh tuong duong nhat va dat miic do ty nhien nhat, ed the.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Tieng Anh:
1. Austin J. L. (1962), How to do things with words. New York: Oxford University Press.
2. Grice, H.P. (1975), Logic and conversation. In P.Cole and J. Morgan (Ed.) Syntax and semantics, vol.3. Speech acts (pp 41 - 58). New York: Academic Press.
3. George, Yule. (1996), Pragmatics. New York: Oxford University Press.
4. Mildred L. Larson (1998), Meaning based translation. University Press of America.
USA.
5. Hatim B., Mason 1 (1990), Discourse and the translator, Longman. UK.
6. Halliday MAK (2004), Ddn lugn ngfi phdp chire ndng NXB DHQG, HN.
7. John Lyons (2009), Ngu nghia hoc ddn luan. Nxb Giao due. HN.
Tieng Viet:
1. Do Hiru Chau (2005), Tuyin tap, tap 2 Dgi cuang Ngu dung hoc - Ngu phdp vdn hdn.
Nxb Giao due. HN.
2. Nguyen Hdng C6n (2001), Vi vdn di tuang duang trong dich thugt, T/c Ngon ngfl- so
11. HN.
3. Nguyen Hong Cdn (2004), Casa ngdn ngu hQC cua nghien cuu dich thugt vd bo mdn dich thugt hoc. Tap chi Ngdn ngfl- so 11. HN.
4. Cao Xuan Hao (2005), Suy nghi vi dich thudt Tap chi Tia Sang so 13. HN.
5. Nguyin Van Hiep (2012), Casa ngu nghia phdn tich cii phdp. Nxb Giao due. HN.
6. Le Hung Tiln (2010), Tuang duang trong dfch thugt va tuang duang trong dich Anh - Viet.
T/c khoa hoc DHQG HN, ngoai ngu 26. HN.
NGUON NGtr LIEU TIENG ANH
1. Earnest Hemingway (1924) , The doctor and the doctor's wife. The Collected Stories, David Campbell Publishers Ltd.., Distributed by Random House (UK) Ltd., Everyman's library.
2. Hemingway (1925^, Soldier's home. The Collected Stories, David Campbell Publishers Ltd.., Distributed by Random House (UK) Ltd., Everyman's library.
3. Hemingway, Today is friday (1926), The Collected Stories, David Campbell Publishers Ltd.., Distributed by Random House (UK) Ltd., Everyman's library.
4. Hemingway, The three day blow (1925), The Collected Stories, David Campbell Publishers Ltd.., Distributed by Random House (UK) Ltd., Everyman's library.
5. Hemingway (1933), Che ti dice la patria..
The Collected Stories, David Campbell Publishers Ltd.., Distributed by Random House (UK) Ltd., Everyman's library.
6. Hemingway (1933), Now I lay me. The Collected Stories, David Campbell Publishers Ltd.., Distributed by Random House (UK) Ltd., Everyman's library.
NGUON N G f LIEU TIENG VIET
1. Earnest Hemingway (2005), Bdc si vd va bdc si. Trong Truyen ngdn chon loc. Ban dich cua Le Huy Bae va Dao Thu Hang. Nxb Van hoc. HN.
2. Earnest Hemingway (2005), Nha ciia linh.
Trong Truyen ngdn chon loc. Ban dich cua Le Huy Bae va Dao Thu Hang. Nxb Van hoc. HN
3. Earnest Hemingway (2005), Hom nay Thu Sdu. Trong Truyen ngdn chon loc. Ban dich ciia Le Huy Bic va Dao Thu Hang. Nxb Van hoc.
HN.
4. Earnest Hemingway (2012), Can gio ba ngdy. Trong Truyen ngdn chon loc. Ban dich ciia Nguyen VTnh, Ho Thi Tin Nxb Van hoc. HN.
5. Earnest Hemingway (2005), Td qude ndigi vai mdy. Trong Truyen ngdn chon IQC. Ban djch cua Le Huy Bic va Dao Thu Hang. Nxb Van hgc. HN.
6. Earnest Hemingway (2005), Bdy gia tdi ndm nghi. Trong Truyen ngdn chon IQC. Ban djch cua Le Huy Bae va Dao Thu Hang. Nxb Van hgc. HN.
(Ban Bien tap nhan bai ngay 17-07-2014)
