T;p cbi C5ng tac Tan i^o VAN HOA BAO OUC TON GIAO
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TAM fiOC - NGUON GOC CUA DAU KHO CAN PHAI DTTOC LOAI TRlf
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ac tdn giao chan chinh bao gid cung neu cao t u tudng khuyen thien, frU ac de hudng con ngudi ddn vdi ehan-thlen-my. Xet d gdc dp dao dQb, nhieu gidi ran, nhung dieu cam ky ma eac tdn giao dat ra, khdng chi de cae nha lu hanh tu tap, ren giua. ma nd cdn tae ddng tieh cUC ldi xa hpi va mang linh thdi sU sau s i c Nhieu tU tudng. triet thuyet cda cae tdn giao khdng nhQng vach ra con dudng eho ngUdi lu hanh ma cdn chi rd can nguyen, gdc r l cda tdi ldi, khd dau va phUPng phap de hda giai nd. Tam ddc ma Phat giao neu ra chfnh la nhu vay.Cd mpt vj cao iang ndi rang; ran ddc, thudc ddc la thQ ngQdi ddi rat kinh sp, nhung khdng dang sp bang Tam ddc. Dung nhu vay, ran ddc, thude ddc chQng la cd the phat hien ra khi bj tan edng hay bj dau ddc va tim ra lieu phap chua tri, cdn Tam ddc la ke thii giau mat, an khuat d trong moi con ngudi, ddi khi rat tinh vi va xao quyet, lai khd chQa frj, Tam ddc ma Phat giao ndi den chfnh la Uiam-san-si, Phat giao eho r i n g Tam dpc la ngudn gde dau khd eiia chiing sinh, la cdi re bat an ciia n h i n loai, chiing ta phai hieu nd va quyet t§m loai frQ nd.
Thdng thudng, chiing ta quen ndi den ba tiiQ ac ddc nay theo thQ tU la tham-san- sl, nhung theo m tu va logic cQa van de la di iQ gdc den ngpn, cai nay lam nay sinh, phat tiien thanh cai kia, tac ddng va Uiiic day cai kia thi phai tiieo thQ t u la si- tham-san.
ITrUdc het noi ve sl
Si duoc hieu la si me va frieo Kr dien tieng Viet thi si m6 11 me m i n den mOc khdng cdn biet gi nua. den mQc ngSy dai vi qua say d i m . Va nhu the la khdng bidt dau la Uiat, la gia, dau la phai, la frai.
dau la chfnh, la ta. Theo Phat giao, cai si me can ban nh^t la nhan lam tiian gia ddi lam cai ta chan
NGOC HA
thai, tam sinh diet lam eai ta vTnh ciiu va khi ta da nhan lam rdi ttii keo tiieo bao nhieu lam l l n khac, phat sinh bao nhieu thQ tdi ldi sau nay deu IQ dd ma ra. Vdi mdi eon ngudi, Phat giao rat quan lam tdi hai yeu td la than va tam. Than tiieo Phat giao chi la tiidng duyen hpp hU gia ma tiidi, vi vay nd rat mong manh, nhUng con ngUdi lai l i m chap Uian minh la Uiat va b l n g mpi each gianh giat cho dupc nhung nhu eau de tiida man ban Uian. NgUdi ta ludn tim each bao ve ban tiian va nhQng gi tiiudc ve minh. Chfnh nd la cai gd'c ciia Idng Uiam vd tan sau nay Ve tam, Phat giao cho rang, dd cung chi la nhung cai chpi cd chpt khdng, bong sinh bdng diet, khdng tdn tai lau dai. Con ngUdi bam vao nhiing tiiQ dd cho la tam minh va nghT r i n g cai gi minh cung diing, eung hay eiJng phai. TQ dd bao ve y kien cda minh, dd'i lap y kien ciia ngUdi khac.
Su bat ddng y kien ay chfnh la mam mdng dau khd trien mien IQ frong gia dinh de'n ngoai xa hdi. Chinh su si me da lam eho rat nhieu ngUdi sdng bang ao vpng. ao tudng, ludn eho minh la fren h e l Ke cd mdt ty chQc quyen cung tu cho minh ludn cd quyen b i t mpi ngudi tuan thu, vang phuc minh vi minh la ngUdi ludn dung. Cai ma mpi ngUdi gpi la say quyen lUc la mdt can benh nguy hiem cho xa h a . Ke say quyen luc b l n g mpi gia, b l n g mpi Uid doan. bat chap dao ly, s i n sang lam tat ca de dat dupc Uiam vpng eua minh mac du minh chlng tai can gi. Va khi da d fren dinh cao quyen luc cpng vdi sU ngu ddt, bat tai Uii do la mdt Uiam hpa cho mpi ngudi va xa hdi. /^ cung biet r i n g , mdt ke leo len bac tiiang danh vpng. ngdi vao cai ghe lanh dao bang su chay chpt, ludn ciii, diit Idt vdi nhung tam b l n g hay nhQng chQng chi hpe tiiuat mua dupe, ke do se lanh dao. dieu hanh, va tiiue Uii cdng viec ra sao? Vdi 200 frieu ddng, ngUdi ta ed frie bien mdt tay "lai gd" Uianh mdt tien sT y khoa
SS 10 - 2014
27V A N HOA OAO O l / C TON GIAO Tap chi Cong tac Ton giao nhu bao chf da neu tiii ti'nh menh chiing ta se nguy
hiem den mQc nao neu rdi vao lay ke dd. S u si me la mdt lieu Uiudc kfch hoat Idng tiiam khdng day eiia con ngudi.
2. Gid ndi ve cai t h a m
Thdng thudng tham lam dupe hieu la ham mudn mdt each tiiai qua, khdng biet chan, ed lay cho dupc nhieu ma khdng biet t u kiem che', do dd.
tim each kiem eho dUde qua nhieu, qua mQc (tQ dien Tieng Viet). Oao Phat thi eho rang, do chap than la that nen khdi tham lam mpi thQ cho than va Idng tham la cai tiii khdng day khdng biel bao nhieu cho du. Khi ehua cd thi tham lam mudn ed, khi da cd thi mud'n ed that nhieu. Khi long tham qua ldn ma khdng toai nguyen Ihi lien ndi san, vi the nd eiing la nguyen nhan gay dau khd cho con ngUdi. Ndi ve Idng tham, Phat giao ehi ra ngu due ma eon ngudi thudng ham mud'n do la tham lai (tien lai cua cai). tiiam sac (sac due), tham danh (chQc quyen, danh vpng). tham thuc (an udng), tham thyy (ngd) dUdc the hien d nhieu ITnh vUe trong ddi sd'ng hang ngay
That ra. con ngudi ta sinh ra d tren ddi deu mong mudn dUpc sdng lau tram tudi, bach nien giai lao, nhung dd phai la cupc sd'ng cd ich eho ddi, cho xa hdi, de lai phiic dQc cho con chau thi cupc sdng mdi co y nghTa, Cdn neu sdng dUa tren md hdi nude mat eiia ngudi khac, sdng b l n g chop gial, an trdm, an d p , khdng nhung khdng lam lpi gi cho xa hdi, cho mpi ngudi ma cdn la md'i hiem hpa, lai Udng cua ngudi khac thi do ehl la "phudng gia ao tlii com ma tiidl". Con ngudi ta ai cung mudn sdng nhung khi can lai san sang hy sinh mang sd'ng ciia minh vi nghTa Idn de lai tie'ng thdm eho ddi. NhOhg ngudi nhu tiie ludn sd'ng mai trong long mpi ngudi, trong Idng dan tde. Quy luat eiia eudc sdng la cd sinh. nhat djnh phai cd iQ, "sinh tru dj diet" la mot tat yeu. Xac djnh dieu nay con ngUdi can biet sdng cho cd fch va cung s i n sang ddn nhan eai chet mdt each binh Uian. Trong ljeh sQ dau tranh gianh dpe lap va bao ve To qud'c eiia chiing ta, da cd rai nhieu the he ngudi nhu vay trong dd, cd khdng ft eac vj tang ni da tOhg cdi ao ca sa khoac chien bao s i n sang hy sinh vi ddc lap dan tdc. Hda thupng Thich Quang DQc da bien than minh lam ngpn dud'c sang ngdi de tap hpp mpi ngUdi dQng len dau
franh chd'ng lai sU dan ap cQa ehe dp My Diem tmdc day. Ngai la tam gUdng sang ngdi ve sU hy sinh eho dan tdc. Cung vi tham sd'ng sp chet nen eon ngudi ta lai tiiam an. Nhieu khi eh? vi mieng an ma san sang gianh giat, tham chi chem giet l l n nhau. Oe duy tri sU sdng, con ngudi can phai an udng, nhung khdng phai la'y mieng an lam muc dfch cho cupc ddi nay. Cha dng ta v i n day "mieng an qua khau thanh tan", ta chi cd the thudng UiQc cai ngon cda nd npi dau ludi, frong mieng mhh.
cdn khi nud't qua khdi cd tiii nao cd ra gi. NgUcri ta eung phai an udng cho dCi chat va khoa hpc de cd sQc khde de lam viec chQ khdng phai ca ddi nd le cho eai lUdi eiia minh. NhUhg ngay nay, mdt phan vi ddi sdng dupe nang len, hinh thanh mdt Idp ngudi lam tien nhieu cda, phan khac la do Id'i sdng thuc dung hudng thu ma viec an udng da trd thanh cau ehuyen dupc nhieu ngUdi ban tdi lien quan tdi van hda am tiiuc. Nhung tiiu an choi quai dan ciia dai gia Viet cung that la khiing khiep. Hp v i n manh tay chi tien cho nhuhg Uiii chdi ma cd le taidc day ehi danh eho eae bae de vUdng. NhQng mdn an nhu tdm hum, vay ca map, cua hoang de, td yen, nia vang,... thudng xuyen xuat hien trong thuc ddn ciia eac dai gia nay. Cua hoang de la loai cua cue ki hiem, khdng cd d Viet Nam ma dupe nhap khau IQ cac viing bien nUdc ra't lanh va sau nhU Alaska (My), Nga. Nhat Ban, Han Qud'c... Loai nay dUpc mpt sieu thj Viet Nam nhap ve vdi gia 5 trieu ddng mpt con frpng lupng khoang 2kg. vay ea map Cling la mdt frong nhung mdn an d i t nha't Viet Nam. Tnidc day mdn an nay ehl ed eae bac vua chiia mdi cd the an. Hien nay mdn an nay da xuat hien nhieu d cae nha hang nhuhg gia cao den gial minh. Gia 1kg vay ca map ehua che bien vao khoang 10-20 trieu ddng. Rua vang dddc danh gia la loai ddng vat quy hiem. cd tuoi tiip cao tiiam chi cdn dupc ddn doan la sdng lau nhd hap thy linh khi trdi dat, rat bo dudng eho nhiihg ngUdi dm yeu mudn tang cudng sinh IUc nen nia vang cd gia eyC ki "chat". Gia mot con nia vang d mQc 50 trieu ddng mpt con. Oat dd nhu vay nhung frong gidi nha giau da cd dai gia vung tien cho bite an 150 trieu ddng vdi 3 con nia vang. Cdn chuyen an dc khi till man rp vd cung. Hp trdi con khi dudi gam ban da dupc khoet mdt cai Id to bang cai bat. vQa Ipt thdm mpt nQa khoang hop sp khi frdi len. Sau
20
SS 10 - 2014
T^p cbi Cing tac TAB i
msmmms!^
do, hp dung mpt con dao cue s i c va vat Uiat manh.
Sau dudng lia dao do la mot bo sp mau ti^ng vdi mau Id ra, cua quay. Hp bo it gia vj va chut rau hQng, rau ram rdi lay tiiia muc an ngon lanh, mac cho nUdc mat con khi cQ frao ra va keu la Uiam ttiiet. Dupe biet. mdn an nay xuat phat tii sd Uiftdi cOa TQ Hy Thai Hau (dcS nha Thanh, Tmng Hoa) vdi ly do an dc khi ed tiie chCfa cac benh lien quan den Uian kinh. Theo do, mdt sd "frpc phu" cua Viet Nam hpc theo va de k h l n g djnh minh la ngudi chiu chdi va sanh chdi. Gan day lai xuat hien cac mdn an frdn vang va nd da ngam vao huyet maeh mdt bp phan dupc cho la dai gia sanh an. TrUdc day mdn an nay chi tiijnh hanh d chau Au IQtiidi Tmng cd, ngay nay phat tiien manh d Taing Qude vd lan sang Viet Nam. Tai Viel Nam, nha hang dau tien rac vang vao mdn an la nha hang "an vang" mang ten Kim Ngan ngu tiiien (tai xa Lien Ninh, huyen Thanh Tri. Ha Ndi). kha ndi tieng d ngoai thanh va lan tdi npi dd. Loai vang dupe sQ dung ehe bien mdn an nay dUpc chQng nhan la dfch thiic "bd'n sd 9". ChUa bieltiiUc hutac dung ciia mdn an tQvang nay the nao? nhung nhieu ngUdi cho rang an vang se tang cudng sQc khde, lam sang da, chQa dupe nhieu benh nhu; phong thap, giit, tiiam chf an vang cdn cd the ngan chan dupe ca virus HIV? Cd UiQc an tidn vang Uii cung cd nipu pha vang de phue vu eac dai gia. Phd bien nhat la rupu fring ed trdn vang camhieu ORO cd dung tfch 0,75 ml dupc mang tQ An Dp ve, cd gia hon 5 trieu ddng/chai, hay rUpu vdi dp edn 43,5%, Uie tich 750ml, xua't xQ Italia vdi nhQng mieng vang la nhd 11 ti ndi long lanh frong chai, gia khoang 7 bieu ddng/chai. Tham chf, bong miia Tmng tiiu vQa qua, tren thj trudng cdn xuat hien nhiihg hop banh cd nhan vang cam, ban khoang 3 frieu ddng/ehlec... Ta't ca deu xua't phat IQtham lam ma ra. Tham vi mud'n dupc hudng mpi ciia ngon vat la, tham vi mud'n khlng djnh dang cap "chju chdi, sanh dieu" eua minh, vi mud'n khoe vdi Uilen ha minh la ngudi giau cd. mac dii hp van bidt ring xung quanh hp edn nhieu ngUdi ngheo l i m dang can sii ehia se ciia cdng ddng.
Dd'i vdl nhiJTig ngudi tiiam mudn tien tai ciia eai thi tien bac nhu nui, nha ngang day dpc, dd so nguy nga nhu cung vua, phii chiia, dat rdng menh mdng cung chua Uiay la vQa, ma cQvan edn mong
m u m cd Uiem nua b l n g mpi each, de tam sao cho dUUiia ciia eai vat chat v i n chua thdi. Tui Uiam da khdng day, Uii cang tiiam lai Uiay cang Uiieu, cang khd. Phat day: "Cang Uiam m u m , cang khd sd".
Chung ta dQng lam tudng rang: mdt khi Idng friam mudn dupe thda man la het Uiam mudn. He cdn cui Uii 1 ^ cdn chay Tuc ngQ cd cau: "dupe voi ddi tien" la tiie. Ngudi ma Ida tham vpng mong eau nung nau frong Idng, bao gid cung tiiay minh cdn tiileu Uidn. Khdng thay Uileu cai nay lai Uiay tiiieu cai khac, rdi Ihem khat mai, khdng luc nao dupe loai nguyen ma nhu tiie lai cang dau khd. Cung chfnh vi tfie ma da gay nen khdng biet bao nhieu tdi pham fren ddi: mua gian ban lan, budn lau, ma bjy. chat cay pha ning, mua ban s i c dye, b i t cde fre em, eudp cQa giet ngudi, mua bang ban tudc.
hdi Id tham nhung.... hinh tiiQc tdi pham cang ngay cang fram trpng, tinh vi. Gan day. tiiidc dU luan cQa can bp. nhan dan ve khdi tai san kech sii cua nhieu can bp, frong do cd ca can bd lanh dao cap bd dUdng chQc hoac da ve huu,Thanh fra Chinh phd va cac nganh chQc nang dang vao cupc de lam rd van de.
Odi vdi nhdng ngudi tham danh, thi sudt ddi theo dudi chQc tudc, quyen u y danh vpng. Hp lao tam, khd tri de tim phuong nay ke np vdi muc dich la tim cai danh vpng. Ciing vi ham danh ma hp s i n sang ludn ciii cho nay chd khac. de mong dupc eai dja vj, chQc tudc cho minh. Hp ludn xem danh vpng nhu mdt mieng mdi ngon nen cQphai chay theo nd. Khi cd nd rdi lai mud'n minh dUdc d vj tri eao hdn nQa va cQ the nd la mdi cude chay dua khdng ngiing nghi. Va trong cude tranh dua dd la nhQng chieu trd, nhQng thd doan xau xa de tien nhat dupc dem ra ap dung.
Ngay nay cai danh, eai ehQc cung gan lien vdi cai quyen, cai Ipi nen nd cang cd sQc hut nhU mdt ma luc khien nhieu ngUdi phai lao theo.
Ngudi dat dUdc thi vui sudng, ha he, ke that bai thi khd dau sau tham gidng nhu canh trong phim
"Bao qua lang" Dai Truyen hinh Viet Nam dang trinh ehieu. Od cung ehinh la nguyen nhan gay dau khd cho con ngUdi.
Cdn nhQng ngudi tham mud'n s i c dep, thi sudt ddi deo dudi, dam chim trong eai men say tinh ai.
Con ngudi la benh nhan eiia s i c dye, mac dii biet
SS 10 • 2014
V i N HOA D A O DLTC T O N G I A O Tap chi Cong tac Ton g no la nguyen nhan cQa dau khd la UiQ phu du sdm
nd, tdi tan nhuhg v i n mai me duoi tiieo nd nhU dudi hinh bat bdng. Hau qua cua viec ham me sac dye la khdn ludng. Chung ta da biet den sUdd vd, tan nat cua bao gia dinh, bao nhieu diia fre vd lpi bj bd rdi ben le dudng va nhuhg cai chet day bi tiiuong, oan Qc. Vi ghen tudng ma ke Ihd ac s i n sang chat dau. bam xac ngUdi linh khdng thUdng tiec. Va cdn bao nhieu thQ benh hoan khae do Id'i sdng budng Uia gay nhQc nhdi trong xa hdi, lam bang hoai nen nep dao dQc, gia phong.
Vdi nhiing ngudi nang ne ve thyy (ngu nghi), Uii hp chi la mdt khdi thjt tren nhQng chiec giudng, chiec vdng. Hp chi mud'n dupe hudng thy ma khdng mudn lammpt viec gi cd fch cho minh va cho xa hpi. Od la loai ngudi an bam vao ngUdi khac nhu mdt ky sinh tning. hp da danh mat h i n di sii tu ehii cua minh. Khi da khdng mud'n lam ma ehl mudn an, ta't nhien se sinh ra chdi bdi. trdm cap, cUdp giat, IQa Ipc... gay ra bao nhieu tdi ac tren ddi. Mpt ten cUdp mau lanh s i n sang giet ngUdi de lay may tram ngan ddng cho thda cdn nghien ctia han. Ke phe ma tiiy, "ngao da" eung s i n sang "xudng tay" ha thu ba't ky ai ma chiing mudn. Tinh trang nay dang ngay cang dien ra gay bQc xiic trong xa hdi.
Tdm lai, Idng Uiam, ngu due la nhuhg thQ lam hai con ngUdi ta khdng biil muc nao cd the ke xieL Vi ngu due ma sinh ra dau buon. gian du, vi ngu dye ma sinh ra ddi fra, gian tiiam, eanh franh xau xe, giet hai l l n nhau. vi ngu due ma tan cQa nat nha, gay bao nhieu dau thuong, nhQc nhdi cho xa hdi. De han che Idng tham, Phat khuyen chiing ta phai thUe hanh: "Thieu Due va Tri Tiie". Thieu dye ed nghTa la it mudn va Tri tue ed nghTa la biet du.
Thie'u due Tri tiie la Idng mong mudn vQa du, thoa man vdl nhung gi minh dang ed, khdng tham cau nhung thQ khac b l n g mpi each, it mud'n la ddi vdi cai chUa ed, ma vi nhu cau. mong eho ed. Khi da cd va cai cd da du, tiii phai biet du (Tri luc) va dQng mong eau gi nQa. Liic ay tham dye se khdng cdn ed hdi de sai khie'n ta nua, Khi moi ngudi khdng edn bj lam nd le cho due vpng thi ke IQ dd b i t dau dupc tu do giai thoat. Ngudi sdng thieu due thi ludn ludn cam tha'y nhe nhang, thanh thoat Cd nhan ed eau: "Tri tiic chi nhan. tuy ngpa dja tiiUpng do
vi an lac, bat chi tuc ehi nhan, tuy xQ tiiien dudng diet bat xQhg y". NghTa la: "Ngudi biet dii, du n i m tren dat cat van an lae. frai lai, ngudi khdng biet du, du d thien dudng cung khdng vQa y".
3. Cudi cLing noi ve s a n
San la sU ndng nay, gian dQ, iQc td'i. San la do tham lam khdng dupc toai nguyen hoac bj can Ird ma sinh ra. Khi da ndi san thi bat cQ tdi ac nao cung dam lam, mpi khd dau nao eung dam tao. Tat ea sU hung dQ, tan ddc deu do san md phat sinh.
SU gian dQ ed the bdc phat, iQc Uii dUde the hien ra ben ngoai bang nhQng Idi ndi hay hanh ddng. Nhung cung cd khi nd diidc giau kfn ben trong va ehl chd Ihdi cp la bung nd. Khi khdng vilm y, khdng toai nguyen vi mpt Idi ndi hay mpt hanh ddng nao dd. IQa san da bung len va ngay lap tub cd nhung Idi ndi va hanh dpng khdng ddng. Mpt cude cai va, mot cupc xd xat au da cd the se diln ra la dieu khd tranh. Mdi lan ndi san la mdt fran bao bung khQng khiep ma hau qua ciia nd Uiat khd ludng. Da cd bao nhieu vu viec dau Idng, bao nhieu an mang xay ra chi vi s i i san han. Mdt cai nhin binh UiUdng vd tinh bj eho la "nhin deu" ma phai tra gia bang mpt mang ngUdi, NhUng loai san tham kin lai cdn nguy hiem hon ra't nhieu. Ben trong ghet nhau, chi chd thdi cd la ra tay nhUhg ben ngoai thi van td ra binh thudng, tham chi Uian mat la dang khac. Ngudi dm cai ldng san ay nhU dang chQa chat trong minh mdt ddng lii!a than, mpt khdi thude nd ehl can kich hoat la nd lung.
Ldng san cung cd the ddng nghia-vdi sU dd ky, ghen an IQc d. khdng mudn eho ngudi khac hdn minh. Khi da nudi dudng Idng san thi ngUdi ta cd the nghT ra mudn phUdng nghin ke. ke ca sU hen ha va ddc ac nhat de dat dugc y dd cQa minh. Oe tranh mot ehQc vu nao dd va khdng mudn cho ngUdi khae hdn minh. lap iQc ngQdi ta tung ra cac tin ddn Uiat thiet nham ha uy tin cda ddf phQdng.
Tha'y nha ben canh minh lam an kha gia ma sinh ldng do ky lien khoan dng d i n nude de bdm vao dd thud'c trQ sau. Chi vi ghen tudng vdi mdt moi tinh hd ma ke thQ ac da bd Uiude ddc vao mdt cdc nudc de sat hai ngUdi tinh. Rdi cdn chuyen dat (xem tiep trang 37)