laiiicii-nMMit E
Mm Phat trien nganh Giac thcns
van tai den nam 2C2C, tam nhm im
• ThS. NGUYEN DUY K t
1. Hd&ng phdt tri^n nganh giao thdng v i n tai (GTVT) d^n n&m 2 0 2 0
Den ndm 2020, he thdng GTVT nddc ta cO b d n ddp dng nhu cdu van tdi da dang cua xa hoi vdi mdc tang tnfdng nhanh, ddm bdo chat IdOng ngay cdng cao, gid thdnh hop ly; kidm che tidn tdi gidm sif gia tdng tai n a n giao thdng vd h a n che d nhiem mdi trddng. Vd tdng the, hinh thdnh ddOc mot he thdng GTVT h^p ly gida cdc phdOng thdc van tdi va cdc hdnh lang van tdi chu ydu ddi vdi cdc m a t hang chinh cd khdi IdOng Idn.
Bdbng bd: He thdng qudc Id vd dddng tinh phdi du^c dda vao dung cap ky thuat; md rdng va xay dvfng mdi cac qudc lo cd nhu cdu van tdi Idn; xay dvfng he thdng dddng bp cao tdc. Cdc tuydn dddng bp ddi ngoai dat tieu chuan ky thuat cua dddng bd khu v\fc. Thdnh lap Quy bdo tri dddng bo de ddp dng nhu cau ngudn vdn cho cdng tdc bdo tri h§ thdng kdt cau h a tdng giao thdng dddng bo.
EMdng sdt: Hodn t h d n h cdi t^o. ndng cdp cdc tuydn dddng sdt hi?n cd dat cdp tieu chu^n ky thudt dddng sdt qudc gia va khu vvfc d a t tdc dd 120km/h;
xdy dtfng mdi cdc tuydn dddng sdt cao tdc vd dddng sdt tdc dd cao; du u e n xdy dvfng tuydn
XSy dung tuyen dudng sit cao toe Bic - Nam. Anh mang tinh chit minh hga
dddng sdt cao tdc Bdc - Nam tdc do 350 l a n / h . Nhanh chdng phdt trien GTVT banh sdt tai cdc do thl, dddng sdt noi - ngoai d, 1dm ndng cot trong van tdl hdnh khdch cdng cong, trddc mdt Uu tien trien khai tai Thu dd Ha Ndi vd TP. Hd Chi Minh.
Ehidng biin: Phat trien he tho- ing cdng bien qudc gia, bao gdm
cdng trung chuyen qudc te tai v a n Phong, cac cdng cda ngd qudc te, cdc ben cdng nddc sau tai ba vung kinh te trong diem cd Idid nSng tiep nhan cac tau con- tainer the he mdi, cac cdng tdng hop, cdng chuyen dung, cdng hdnh khdch ddp dng yeu cdu phdt trien kinh te xd hdl, hoi nhap qudc te. Ddu td phdt trien ddng bo kdt cau ha tdng cdng bidn, bao gdm ben cdng, ludng
vdo cdng, giao thdng den cdng vd he thdng dich vu ho trO sau cdng.
Dddng thdy ndi dia: Hodn thanh nang cap cac tuyen thdy npl dia chinh dat cap ky thuat quy dinh; tap trvmg cdi tao, chinh tri mot sd doan tuyen quan trpng; tang chieu dai cac doan, tuyen sdng ddOc qudn ly khai thac. Ddu tu cliieu sau, nang cap va xay dUng mdi cac cdng ddu mdi, ben hdng hod vd hdnh khdch, dac biet 6 ddng bdng sdng Hdng vd ddng bdng sdng Cdu Long.
Hdng khdng: Hoan thanh viec nang cap, md rdng vd xay ddng mdi cac cdng hdng khdng dat tieu chuan qudc te; tap trung ddu td cdc cdng hang khdng qudc te trong khu vvfc Thu dd Hd
Ndi vd TP. Hd Chi * ^ nWNaiitise; 21/2011 19
H IKIItllCll-IIIMMD
Minh; nghien cdu, trien khai ddu td cdc cdng hang Ididng qudc td mdi vdi quy md vd chat IdOng phuc vu ngang tam vdi cdc cdng h a n g khdng qudc te Idn trong khu vifc. Dda nang Ivfc khai t h a c cdc cdng hdng khdng len 3,0 3,5 Idn vdo n a m 2020.
Giao thdng dd thi: Phdt trien hop ly he thdng ket cau h a tdng giao thong do thl vd van tdi cdng cong; ddm bdo quy dat ddnh cho giao thdng do thi td 16 26%. Ddi vdi cdc t h a n h phd Idn, phdt trien m a n h he thdng xe buyt; n h a n h chdng ddu td xdy dvfng cdc tuydn van tdi cdng cong khdi IdOng Idn n h d dddng s a t t r e n cao vd tau dien ngdm tai Thu do Ha Noi vd TP. Hd Chi Minh de dat ty le ddm n h a n h a n h khach cdng cong 35 - 45%.
Giao thdng ndng thdn:, Phdt trien dddng giao thdng ndng thdn cho phdOng tien giao thdng cO gidi tdi t a t cd trung tdm xd hodc cum xa, ddm bdo thdng sudt quanh n a m . Ty le mdt dddng cdng, rdi nhvfa d a t 60 80%. Chu trong phdt trien giao thdng dddng thuy noi dia, d a c biet d vdng DBSCL.
Cdng nghiep tdu thuy: Ddng mdi tau bien trong tdi den 300.000 DWT; sda chda tau bien trong tdl tdi 400.000 DWT;
ddp dng nhu cdu trong nddc va cd sdn p h a m XK; phdn dau ndng t^ le ndi dia hda len 70%.
Cdng nghiep dtdvdxe mdy tiii cdng: Phdi hop vdi cdc ngdnh cdng nghuep cO khi che t^o, luyen kim, hod chat... de hinh t h a n h ngdnh cdng nghiep d td, xe mdy thi cdng; tdng n h a n h t^
le ndi dia hda dat tren 60%. Tap trung lap rdp che tao xe khdch, xe d td buyt, xe tdl ndng, xe tdi ndng dung vd mot sd chung lo^i xe mdy thi cdng bdo ddm cho
101 TNMniG 11118621/2011
nhu cdu phdt trien kinh te xa hoi; p h a n dau de cd sdn p h ^ m xe d td m a n g thdOng hieu Viet Nam, du sdc canh tranh qudc te.
Cdng nghiep dddng sdt Ddng mdi cdc loai toa xe khdch vd hdng tiien dai, du tien ngiii vd da dang ve chung loai dd sd dung trong nddc vd XK. Che tao mot sd phu tdng, linh kien vd lap rdp ddOc cdc loai ddu mdy tiien dai.
Cdng nghiep hdng Ididng: Ting cddng ndng Ivfc sda chda, bdo dddng may bay, dong cO mdy bay vd cdc trang thiet bi chi^ren nga- nh, den n a m 2020 ddm bdo tvf chu trong viec cung cap dich vu bdo dddng, sda chda mdy bay cho cdc hdng hang khdng trong nddc, tidn tdi md rdng dich vu cho cdc hang hdng khdng nddc ngoai; hdp tdc che tao tdng p h a n mdy bay, phu tung mdy bay vd cdc trang thiet bi \sy thudt chuyen ngdnh.
2. Tam nhin dlTn n&m 2 0 3 0 Den ndm 2030 se cO b d n hodn thien mang Iddi GTVT trong cd nddc cung n h d cdc hdnh lang giao thdng ddi ngoai. Chat IdOng van tdi ddm bdo dat tieu chuan qudc te: em thuan, n h a n h chdng, £in todn vd ket ndi hop ly gida cdc phdOng thdc van tdi, n h a t la cac diem chuyen tdi h d n h Ididch dddng ddi vdi vdn tdi h d n h Ididch tai cdc do till.
CO bdn hodn thdnh xdy dvfng cdc tuyen dddng bo, dddng sdt cao tdc Bdc Nam. He thdng dddng bo, dddng sdt Viet Nam ddng bd vdi tieu chuan ky thuat, k e t ndi t h u a n ldi vdi h e thdng dddng bo ASEAN, Tieu vung Me Kong md rdng va dddng sdt xuyen A.
He thdng cdng bien ddp dng tdt nhu cau thdng qua ve hang hod XNK vd noi dia, trong dd cdng tnmg chuyin qudc td Vdn Phong dd bddc vdo giai do^n khai thdc
tiieu qud, cdc cdng cda ngd qudc te tai cac viing kinh td trong didm gdn lien vdi he thdng trung tam p h a n phdi hdng hda, h e thdng giao thdng ket ndi ddm bdo taio thanh m ^ g iddi cd sd h a tang lo- gistics hien dai, hieu qud ngang tam cac nddc trong khu vvfc.
Tiep tuc xdy ddng vd hodn thien m a n g Iddi cdng hdng Ididng trong cd nddc vdi quy md hien dai dat tieu c h u i n qudc td;
cdng h a n g khdng qudc td Long T h d n h cd v£u trd vd quy mo ngang tdm vdi cdc cdng hdng khdng qudc te Idn trong Idiu vvfc.
Phdt trien giao thdng dd thi theo quan diem: "IVhin xa, hddng tdi van minh, hidn dai; nhanh chdng thu h e p khodng cdch so vdi thu dd cda cdc nddc khde"
Tdng bddc xay dvfng cdc tuydn van tdi h d n h Ididch khdi Idqfng Idn tai cdc dd thi loai I. Phdt trien van tdi hdnh khdch cd khdi Iddng idn di trdn cao vd di ngdm t^I Thd do Hd Ndi vd TP. Hd Chi Minh de ddm bdo t^ le van tdi h d n h khdch cdng cdng tai hai thdnh phd nay d^t 50 - 55%.
3 . Mi»c t i £ u phdt tri^n ngdnh GTVT d^n n i m 2 0 2 0
* Ve v^n tai
Phdt triin hop id cdc phddna ihdc vdn tdi
+ Van tdi dddng bg chii ydu ddm n h a n viec gom hdng, t^o chdn hang, van chuyen hdng hda, hdnh khdch vdi cvf ly ngdn vd trung binh.
+ Vdn tdi dddng sdt chd ydu ddm n h d n v^n tdi hang hda, h d n h khdch dddng dai, cvf ly trung binh, khdi IdOng Idn, v$n tdi hdnh khdch gida cac thdnh phd, khu do thi va van tdl hdnh khdch cdng cpng tgd cdc thdnh phd Idn.
+ Vdn tdi dddng biin chd ydu ddm nhdn vdn chuydn hang hda vidn ddOng, cac tuydn ven bldn.
NMHtNCtl-niUlltfi K
nhat la van tdi Bdc Nam, van tdi than NK phuc vu cdc nhd mdy nhiet dien, van chuyen ddu thd phuc vu cdc nhd mdy loc hod ddu. Nang cao thi phdn van chuyen hang hda XNK len 25 35%. Phat trien tuydn van tdl hdnh Ididch ven bien, hdi ddo.
+ Vdn tdi thuy ndi dia chu yeu ddm n h a n van tdl hang rdi khdi lupng Idn (than, ximang, p h a n bdn, vat lieu xdy dvfng...) vdi chi phi thap, hdng sieu trddng, sieu trong, van tdl chuydn tiep phuc vu ndng nghiep vd ndng thdn.
+ Van tdi tidng khdng chu yeu ddm n h a n van tdl h d n h khdch dddng ddi, qudc td vd hang hod cd gid tri kinh td cao. Phdt trien van tdi hdng khdng trd t h d n h phdOng thdc v a n tdi an todn, phd thdng vd t h u a n tien theo hddng thi trddng md, gdn h e n vdi thi trddng van tdi hdng kho- ng khu vvfc vd thd gidi; md mdi cdc tuydn bay qudc td tdm trung va xa, tdng t^ le ddm n h a n van chuydn h d n h khdch qudc td dl/ddn Vi^t Nam cda cdc hang hdng Ididng trong nddc.
Phdt triin ptvddnq tien vdn tdi + Bi£tng bd: Phat tridn phdOng tl$n vdn tdi cO gidi phd h<?p vdi kdt cdu h^ tdng giao thdng dddng bp, ddm bdo tieu c h u i n 1^ thudt an todn va mdi trddng, phu hpp
vdi chung loai hang hda va ddi tdpng hdnh khdch. Tdng bddc han che tdc dp tang IdOng xe may vd kiem soat svf gia tang Idpng o td con ca nhan d cac thanh phd Idn. Den nam 2020, toan qudc cd khodng 2,8 3 trieu xe d td cdc loai, trong dd xe d td con 1,5 trieu chiec, xe d td khdch 0,5 trieu chiec, xe d td tdi 0,8 trieu chide.
+ Dddng sdt: Phdt trien phdOng tien van tdl dddng sdt theo hddng chuyen dung cao vdi CO cau hpp ly; ddi mdi sdc keo vd sdc chd theo hddng hien dai, gidm chi phi, ha gid thdnh, chu trong phdt trien cdc doan tau tdc dp cao; dp dung cdng nghe tien tien trong van tdi vd ddng mdi phdOng tien rihdm nang cao tdc dp chay tau. Den ndm 2020, dddng sdt Viet Ncmi cd khodng 1.100 - 1.200 ddu mdy vd 50.000
53.000 toa xe cdc loai, trong dd cd 4.000 5.000 toa xe khdch.
+ Dddng biin: Chu trpng phdt trien cdc loai tau chuyen dung nhd tdu container, tdu hang rdi cd Idn, tdu dau, tau khi hoa Idng, tdu Lash ... trd hod dpi tdu bien dat dd tudi binh qudn 12 ndm vdo nam 2020. Nghien cdu phdt trien tdu chd khdch cao tdc ven bidn vd tdu khdch du l}ch. Den nam 2020 ddi tau qudc gia cd tdng trpng tdl la 12 14 tri^u DWT.
+ Dddng thdy ndi dia: Khu vvfc ddng bdng sdng Hdng, sd dung dodn tdu keo day td 1.200
1.600 T, tdu tvf hdnh den 500 T, tdu khdch 50 - 120 ghe; khu vvfc DBSCL, sd dung tdu keo day 600 1.200 T, tdu tvf h a n h loai den 500 T va tau khach den 30 100 ghe. Ddi vdi cac tuydn ven bien ngdn, sd dung tdu tvf hdnh 500 1.200 T. Phdt trien cdc phdOng tien van tdi chuyen dung (container, xi mang rdi, xang ddu ...). Den n a m 2020, dpi tdu thuy ndi dia cd tdng trpng tdi 10 12 trieu tan, tdng sdc keo 12 - 13 trieu CV, tdng sdc chd 0,8 - 1 trieu ghd khdch.
+ Hdng kliong: Mdy bay van tdi h a n h khdch tdm ngdn sd dung cdc loai td 65 80 ghe va td 150 200 ghe; may bay tdm trung sd dung cdc loai td 250 350 ghe; may bay tdm xa sd dung cdc loai tren 300 ghe. Phdt trien cdc loai may bay chd hdng phu hpp. Sd dung cdc loai may bay trvfc thSng, may bay canh bdng loai nhd chuyen dung cho cac hoat dpng bay ta xl, tim kiem cdu nan. D^n n a m 2020 dpi tau bay qudc gia cd khodng
140 150 chiec cdc loai.
* vS phdt trien ket cdu h g tdng giao thong
Hodn thdnh nang cdp vd md rpng Qudc Id lA td Hdu Nghi Quan den Nam Can; ndi thdng va nang cap toan tuydn dddng Hd Chi Minh td Cao Bdng den Dat Mui; Xay dvfng dddng bp cao tdc Bdc Nam, dddng bp ven bidn; hodn thdnh nang cap dddng sdt Thdng Nhat, dgit cdp tieu chuan ky thuat qudc gia vd khu vi^c. Tridn khsU xdy dvfng dddng sdt cao tdc Bdc Nam.
Phdt trien tuyen van tdi h d n h khdch Bdc Nam tren bidn •
8621/2011 I 11
