K H A O SAT NHU CAU D A O TAO CAN BO HE Y T£ Dy PHONG TP.HCM VA CAC TINH THANH PHJA NAM 2012
Hoing Quoc Cudng, Ho Xiiiin Nguyen, \ ii'ii Trung Kicn,Phan Tu NghTa, Nguyen Quoc Huy, Nguyen \\i Quang An. Tran Thjnh*, Van Hiing*, Nguyen Thanh Son**, Nguyen Thj Kim (lii \ Nguyen Thj Minh Phupng
Vien Pasteur Thdnh pho Hd Chi Minh
*L y han Phong chdng AIDS Thdnh pho Ho Chi Minh (HCMC PAC)
* * CDC I lit nam TOM T A T
D l cai ttii$n cfic k j ning vd khi nSng lim vigc cua cSc nhan vien Y t l dy pti6ng tinli, huyen tai Ihanh pli6 Hfi Chi Minh v i 20 tinh ptiia Nam, qua 66 nSng cao ctiil lup'ng dich vu cung cap cho cong dong, chung loi da thye hi#n m^t cuOc khio sit cua cac nti^n vi6n ISm vi^c tai Trung lam Y te dy pliong 6 3 tinh/ thanh:
Thinh ph6 H6 Chl Minh, Knh LSm Dfing, tinh Dfing Th^p Trong cupc khao sSl nay, chung toi si> dung phuxcng phip nghiSn cuu cit ngang Sau khi cSu hdi da 6u'<?c thi dilm tai Trung lam Y te dy phong Thanh phfi Hfi Chl Minh, Trung ISm Y ik dy phfing Thu Due, Trung tam Y le xa Linh Tay, Trung tam Y te dy phong tinh Ofing Thip, trung tim y tfi IhSnh ph6 Cao Lanh, chung toi lien hanh khao sat tren m§u cua 51 ngud'i cac nhSn viSn se duvc phong vin thfing qua mfit bing cau hoi Thong tin, dO lieu du'Cfc li^u tru' va Ihong ke phan tich bing phin m^m Epi du lieu phien ban 3 1 va phien ban Epi Info 3.5.3, Excel 2010. K^t qua khdo sat cho thiy dpi ngO nhan vien djch tS hpc nguai lam vigc it han 5 nam va ho-n 8 nam chiem NhCrng kj nSng vd kifin thil'C cfin lhi6u nhieu nhat la ve phu'ong phap dich le hoc, dich benh ma\ noi, do lu'Q'ng tan sfi b?nh tgt, ky thugt xel nghidm CCT ban va phan tich ket qua, ky thuat xet nghiem benh tay, chan va mi^ng va b|nh 561 xuat huyet
Tie khoa: nhu cau dao tao, y tfi dy phong, khu v\ji:c phia Nam I. DAT VAN DE
Cac khao sat trong thai gian gan day ve Y t^ cong cgng da nhan dien mot trong cac diem can cai thien cua he thong y te du phong (trong do co cac trung tam phong chong HIV/
AIDS) la ky nSng va nang ly:c lam viec cua can bo y te. Mpt thuc trang la chiic n5ng, vai tro ciia CO quan y tk du phong da quy dinh kha ro nhung mo ta va phan cong cong viec eho
moi vi tri can bg lai doi khi chua ro rang, cu the tuang iing. Ngoai ra. viec thay doi can bg ciing nhu thiet ke cac khoa tap huan van chua chu tam den nhu cau thuc su, trach nhiem cong viec cua timg vi tri can bg khien nhieu khoa tap huan chua thuc sir hieu qua.
Do vay, chiing toi da thuc hien mgt cugc khao sat ve nhu cau tap huan danh cho can bo khoi y te du phong de danh gia kien thiie, kj nang; xac dinh ngi dung uu tien dao tao phuc Tac gia: Hoang Quoc Cuong
Dia chi: Vien Pasteur Thanh ph6 Ho Chi Minh Dien thoai:+84933918918
Email: cuonghqpasteur(ggmail,com Ngay nhSnb^i: 21/9/2012 Ng^y dang bai: 20/12/2012
Phan bien 1: PGS. TS. Phan Trgng Lan BgYTe
Phan bien 2: PGS. TS. Tran Ngoc Huu Vien Pasteur TP. HCM
T^p chi Y hoc du phong, Tap XXII, so 7 (134)
v\,\ cong tac phong chong djch; x^c dinh hinh Ihirc. thai gian dao t^o phii hgp eho eiin bg tiiyiin Tinh/thanh va quan/ huyijn
11. PHIJONG P H A P N G H l f t N ( UU 2.1. Thiel ke dieu l i a :
2.1.1 IMiinnig phiip dicu ( r a : ilieu Ira c:ll ngang (1). (2)
2.1.2 Dja biln khao s^t: 3 l i n h thiinh T P H C M : T T Y T D P T P H C M . T 1 Y ' l DP Quan 1. T T Y T D P Quan Tan Binh. TTYTDP huy?n Binh Chanh.
D6ng Thap: T T Y T D P tinh Oong Thap, T T Y T huy?n Cao Lanh. T T Y T huyijn Lai Vung, T l Y T thj x3 Sa Dec
Lam D6ng: T T Y T D P linh Lam Dong.
T T Y T huyen Lam Ha. T T Y T huy^n Bao Lfim.
T T Y T huyen Due Trgng.
2.1.3 T h 6 i gian khao s i t : tir ihang 3 den thang 8/2012.
2.1.4 Nh6m doi tuoTig khao sat: Can bg trong trung tam y te du phong cong tac tai "ITYT dy phong tuyen tinh va tuyen huyen: can bg dich te, can bg xet nghiem, can bp lam sang.
2.1.5 C& m5u kh^o sit: do khao sat n^y chi nhiim mo la yeu cau dao tao ciia dpi ph6ng chong djch nen ca mau khao sat khong dupe tinh loan Ihco cong thuc cu the ma chi dan thu5n chgn 1 linh thugc mi^n Dong, 1 tinh thugc miSn Tay vk TPI ICM de dua vao nghien cim.
2.1.6 Phu-ung phap k h i o sdt:
Phong viin true tiep qua bang cau h6i,(3) (4)
Quan sit. ghi nhan biing bang kiem,(5) Ra soil, xem xdt ho sa so sach.
2.1.7 Phuang p h i p phan tich:
Cac bien so dua vao phan tich:
Cac bien lien quan den ca nhan: Tuoi, gtoi, hgc vj, chuyen mon cong tac, thai gian eong tic.
Cac bi^n hen quan dao tao: ngi dung, thai gian da dugc dao tao, hinh thiic dS dugc dao lao, ngi dung, hinh thiic va thoi gian muon dao tao i^).
Phan mem phan tich:
Thu thap va tong hgp so li?u: Epi data version 3.1, Excel 2010
Phan tich so lieu: Epi info version 3.5.3.
III. K E T QUA
3.1. Su phan bo vc nhom tuoi ciia cin b^ trong trung tam > te dg* phong tai tuyen tinh/thinb va quan/huyf n
Bang 1. Ti 1^ phan b6 phkn t r i m theo d$ tu6i cua cdn b$ cong tdc
Nh6m Nhom 1 Nhom 2 Nhom 3 Nhom 4
D9 tuoi lir 20-29 tir 30-39 tir 40-49 lon hon 50
So imfUR II 13 20 7
Till 21.57%
25.49%
39.22%
13.73%
Nh^n xit: Dp tuoi trung binh Ithao sdt S\f phan b6 vj gicJi tinli cOa cin bO trong la ichoang 40 tu6i, trong do nhom 2 va nhom 3 trung tam y tk thf phong tai tuySn tinh/thanh vi chiem ti le cao nhSt tong so (64,71 %). Ti le cin quan/huy$n:
bO tren 50 tu6i chi chi6m hon 13%.
90 Tap chi Y hpc dvt phong, T|p XXII, s6 7 (134)
Bieud6tile%nannnCr
• Nam
• NQ
Bi4u do 1. Ti l# phSn bo p h i n tram theo gio-i tinh
3.3. S u phan bo phan t r f l n i vO hoc vj ciia c i n bg t r o n g t r u n g tam y te dir ph6ng tai tuyen tinh/thanh v i q u i n / h u y 9 n :
Bdng 2. Ti 1^ phSn b6 v4 htfc vj cua cdn bg (Bang d p khdc g6m c6: kT s u h6a, du-wc td, dup-c sT, y td)
H9C>i Bac SI YsT Cir nhan KT thuat vien C K I . C O . T h S . T S
Bang cap khac T6ng
So liivng 9 9 12 8 7 6 51
T y l e 17.65%
17,65%
23 53%
15 69%
13.73%
11.76%
100 00%
3.4. Sy phSn bo ve chuyen mon ciia can bo trong trung tam y te du phdng tai tuyen tiinh/
thinh va quan/huyen:
Cong tac chuyen mon dugc xet den 4 nhom nhu sau Nhom 1: Chuyen mon dieh tl
Nhom 2. Chuyen mon xet nghiem Nhom 3: Chuyen mon lam sang
Nhom 4: Chuyen mon khac (chuyen khoa tSm thkn, y hgc du phong, da khoa)
T^p chi Y hoc du photig, Tap XXII, so 7 (134) 91
Bieu do cong tic chuyen mon
30 25 :D 20 g' 15
u^ 10
II
Nh6m
Bleu d6 2. Bi^u do phdn b6 cdng tdc chuy&n mon
Nhyn \0i So can bg cong l>ic irong irung tam y te d^r phong lai 3 linli/lhanli khao sat co bang cap hi biic si va sau dyi hgc eliiem ti li;
kha cao v6i han 3(1"» Cac cin bg co bdng cu nhan van chiem da so. Ti le co b3ng cap khac chiem chi khoang 10%. Dieu nay ehiing to h?
du phong eung thu hiit dugc can bg y te rat cao.
Trong so eac cong tac chuyen mon trong trung tam y te du phong thi can bg djch le ehiem ti le cao nhat vai ban mgt niia so can bp co chuyen
mon li d}ch te. tiep den la can bg xel nghi?m chiem tl le khoang 30%, trong khi do nh6ni can bg lam sang va nhom chuyen mon khac (chuyen khoa tam than, y hgc du phong va da khoa) chl chiem ti 1? thap tren duoi 10%. Dieu nay cung phii hgp vai chiic ndng ciia dgi y te d\r phong trong cong tac phong chong dich, moi dpi 7-10 nguai chi co 1.2 bac si lam sang con cac can bg con lai la can bo dich te ho3c
\et nghi?m.
3.5. Thoi lugng cac khoa hgc chuyen mon da tham gia
Bang 3. Ti le phan b6 phiin trdm ve thdi luvng cdc khda hgc chuyen mon da tham gJa
Thdi lirgng T l If % Nho hon I tuan 4"^ 1 %
\\t 1 - < 2 ludn II S"o
Tir 2 - SluSn 9.2%
Tir 8 tuan - <6thang 3 .^^o Tir 6 thang tra len 4.6%
3.6. Thdi gian tham gia cong tic ciia cSc c6n bp trong trung (am y tl dy phong t^i tuy^n tinh/th^nh vk qu^n/huyfn
3.6.1. Thoi gian cong tdc cua cdn b{> chuyin ngdnh djch ti
92 Tap chi Y hpc dir phong, Tgp XXII, s6 7 (134)
Bieu do thdi gian cong tac dich te
, 42% 40% ,
J tif 5 den 8 nam
Bilu do 3. Thffi gian cong tdc trong nh6m djch te cua cac can bp TTYTDP
3.6.2 Thai gian cong tdc cua cdn bp chuyin ngdnh xet nghiem Bi^u do thcfi gian cong tac xet
ngliiem , 4% '"^
_i tren 8 nam
Bieu dd 4. Thdi gian cong tac nhom xet nghiem cua cdc can bg TTYTDP
Nhain x6t: Trong cong tac ve dich te cac can bp cong tac duai 5 nam va tren 8 nam chiem da so, so lieu nay cho thSy lire lugng can bg tre sin sang thay Xhk cho luc lugng can bp lau nam trong cong tac phong chong dich.
Trong cong tac xet nghiem thi hau het la cac
can bg tre, it kinh nghiem han so vai nhom cong tac dich te vai hau het eac can bg cong tac dual 5 nam tai Trung tam y te du phong. Tuang tu cae can bg xet nghiem, cac can bg lam sang trong trung tam y te du phong cung la cac can bo tre chiem hon 80%.
Tap chi Y hgc du phong. Tap XXII, so 7 (134) 93
3.7. KI mnig da diiye tap huin eiia die ciin bg trong trung tfim y tk d\f phdng tai tuyen tinh/
tlii^nh ^a (|iiaii/liii>eii
Bdng 4. Ki ndng djch t6 du'g-c t$p h u i n nhl6u nh^t
Ky ndng N^i dung ky ndng Til#
1 Gidm sdi
2 SLI' dyng trang thi6l bi ph6ng chfing djch 3 L6n k6 hoacti xu' li 4 djch
62 75%
49 02%
50.98%
Bdng 5. KT ndng xdt nghidm aie</c t$p hudn nhidu n h i t
N^l dung k$ ndng TM$
K9 ndng 1 Thu th$p vdn chuyfin mSu Ky ndng 2 Cdc phuang phdp x6l nghi$m
Bdng 6 Cdc ky thu$t xdt nghidm du-gv ddo t^o cho cdn b^ can b$
KT nang xet nghi|m S6 l u ^ n g Ti 1$ %
S6t xu^l huy^t Tay chan mi^ng
Khac Tong cong
40 49
10 20%
8 20%
81.60%
100 00%
- Npi dung khdc bao gom ' ciim. tesi nhanh Hl\'. lao. sol Nhan xet: trong cac kl nSng ve djch
te hpc thi cac ky nang duoc tap huan nhieu nhat la ky ndng giam sat, ky ndng sir d^ng trang thiet bi, va kT ndng len ke hoach xii ly 6 dich. Trong khi d6, ky ndng v^ phuong phap xet nghiem dugc tap huan nhiSu nhat voi hau
bet eac can bg deu dugc t^p huan cac phuong phap \ei nghidm ddc bi?t la cac phuang phap xet nghiem vc cum. HIV, lao, tuy nhien ve cac b?nh ia\ chan mi?ng \ a sot xuat huyet lai chua dugc lap huan nhieu voi chi 10.2% so can bg dugc tap huan \ c ky ndng nay.
3.8 Ngi dung muon dugc dko taio ciia ckn bg trong trung tam y te d\f phdng t^i tuyen tinh/
th^nh v^ quan/huyfn
Bang 7. Tam quan tr^ng cua ngi dung t^p hu4n viA cong v i ^ hifn tai cua cdc cdn b$
Npi dung Solvgng T i 1$ %
Dich te hgc Benh mai noi
Xir ly 6 djch
35/47 39/46 36/44
74.46%
84.78%
81.81%
94 Tap chi Y hpc dv ph6ng. Tap XXII, s6 7 (134)
37/46 37/44 30/44
80,43%
84.10%
68.18%
Bang 8. Kien thiFc hi^n t^i con thieu nhieu nhcit ve cdc ngi dung can ddo t^o cua cdc can bg
Ngi dung So iirg'ng Ti If % B^nh mai noi 17/47 3ft 17%
Do lucmg tan so benh tr^ng 24/4(i 52 17%
Xet nghifm ca ban vA phan tich kel qud 20/47 42 55%
3.9. Mu-c do quan tSm ve ngi d u n g can d u g c d i o tao ciia c i c can bg trong trung tam y te du- phdng tai tuyen t i n h / t h i n h vk quan/huy^n
Bdng 9. MO'c d$ quan tdm vk n^i dung c i n d y g c dao t^o ciia cdc cdn bg N§i dung So lug-ng Ti 1^ % Dich te hpc
Do luimg tan so b?nh trying Xet nghiem co ban va phiin lich kel qua
3.10. Mire dp ini tien ciia cac ngi d u n g can ddo taio
Bdng 10. Ngi dung d ^ kien cho khoa hgc uu tien hgc ngay ma can bg muon tham gia Ngi dung So lu^ng Ti Ik %
D|Ch t l hgc 25/46 54.34%
Benh mai noi 25/45 55.55%
Lgp kk hoach cac bien phap can ttiiep ^^'^^ ^^•"'•^°'^°
3.11. To chii-c hinh thi^c c^c Idp tap huan
Bang 11. Hinh thu-c t<^ t^p huan Nhom Hinh tht>c lo-p tap t|ip huan
1 Gidng ly thuyet 2 Ly thuyet ket hgp thuc hdnh 3 L^ thuyet k i t hgp thgc hanh.thyc dja
4 Ly thuyit kit hgp thye hanh, thye dja ket hgp v6'i h6 trg gidng vi6n tdp huan 5 Hgc chii dOng qua Internet, E-learning
6 Hinh thiPC khac
T?ip chi Y hpc du phong, TSp XXII, s6 7 (134) 95
Bi^u do hmh thurc I6p tSphuSn 35
30
§ . 2 5 -S 20 I 15
>o 10
I I I
1 2 3 4 5
Nhom
Itii'U 6b 5. Bii-ii ili'> hinh Ihirc Urp t^p huan
3.12. lluVi gian diio ta<i theo yeu eau i ; u ciin bg t r o n g I r u n j i tam y tc d y phong tal tuylii linh/tliiknh \k quan/huy^n
ThiTi gian lap hgc dugc chia lam 4 nhom:
Bans 12. T l I9 % su Iini chyn tua cdn hi) tSp luiini \ i ' Ihoi gian mfflofp hgc
ThiVi gian s6 lu-gng Til?
1 ! -2 ngay 2 I -2 tuan 3 I-2 thang 4 Tren 6 ihang
4 28 4 15
54 90%
7 Wo 20-40".
Nhan xet: Hau het cac khoa hgc cac can bg trung tam y te du phong da tham gia co thai lugng nho hon 1 tuan chiem gan mgt nua so khoa hgc, cac khoa hgc khoang 1-2 tuan chiem khoang hem 10%, cac khoa hgc dai h^n tren 6 thang chi chiem duai 5%. Tuy nhien, thai lugng khoa hpc ma cae can bg mong muon dugc tham gia nhieu nhat la tir 1-2 tuan. Biku nay cho thay chuang trinh dich tl hpc th\rc dia 2 tudn rat phii hgp, vcri 1 tuan ly thuyfit va 1 tuan thuc dia.
IV. K E T LUAN
Day la khao sat dau tien ve nhu ciiu dao tao cho dpi phong chong dich thugc bung tam
> Ie dg phong tu>en tinh/thanh, quan/huy?n tai khu vgc phia Nam giup chung ta nam dugc thong tin \a nhu can dao tao nhdm phuc vu cong tac phong chong dich cho he Y te dy phong. Tuy c5 mau ciia lan khao sat nay con h^n che nhung ciing phan nao mo ta dugc mot so thong tin can thiet ciia trung tam y te dir phong nhu co cau to chuc, cac kien thiic va kj ndng da dugc tap huan, cac kien thirc ky ndng con thieu va cac kien thiic ky nang ciin dugc uu tien tap huan.
Ve ca cau to chiic thi so lugng can bg la bac sT chi^m g5n 18% tuy chua dugc ehuSn ve y hgc dg phong la it nhSt phai co 30% bac sT a tuyen tinh va 20% tuy8n huyen, tuy nhien neu cgng luon ca can bg sau dai hgc thi tong 96 Tap chi Y hpc dir phong. Tap XXII, s6 7 (134)
so cac can bO la bac sT va sau dai hpc Id han 30% d^t chuan cua y hgc du phong theo thong tu 08/2007 ciia B6 Y T6. Vg ky thual vien x^t nghiem cung chi c6 15.69% chua dat chuan y hpc du phong la 20% a tuyen tinh do do nhu cau ve dao tao ky thuat vien \et nghigm van rat can thiet.
Giao trinh phii hgp nhat Id gido trinh 2 tuan, 1 tuan ly thuyet, 1 tuan thgc dja kel hgp bao cao thgc dia va chia se kinh nghi?i-n. Mpl so noi dung ve dich tS hpc da dugc tap huan lai nhieu lan do do can tap trung thi'i gian dao tao cho nhiJng ngi dung m6i cho hgc vien' kien thirc ve benh mai luii, phuang phap do luong tan so benh trang, dich te hgc va truyen thong.
Tir do chimg ta c6 ke hoach chuong trinh tap huan hieu qua va phii hgp \ai nhu cau vai can bg dg phong khu vuc phia Nam. Tuy nhien, de mo ta va phan tich mgt each tong the va ma rong doi tugng khao sat de co biic tranh tong the hon vk nhu cau dao tao ciia can bg y te du phong khu vuc phia Nam, nhom nghien cuu
mong muon dugc khdo si.il ti en cd mau Icrn ban de nam ro han nu'a nhu cau dao tao ngan han Cling nhu ddi han de nhiim nang cao nang luc cho c;ic can bp he du phong ciia khu vuc phia Nam noi rieng vd Vigt Nam noi chung.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Training needs assessement.
h t t | 5 : / / w w w . o p m . g o v / h r d / l e a d / TrainingNeedsAssessment asp 2. Needs assessment m inlructional design.
http://vi'wwnwlink,coin/~donclark/hrd/isd/
assessment.html
3 Janice A, Miller, SPHR and Diana M.
Osinski, Training neels assessement. 2006 4 Needs Assessment Training. NOAA http://
WW w. CSC noaa.gov/needs/
5. Susan M. Heathfield. Conduct a Simple Training Needs Assessment.
6. Needs Assessment—The First Step: http://
www.statetrainmg.ca.gov/files/TNA-DOE.
ppl6.
Tap chi Y hgc d\r phong, T|ip XXII, s6 7 (134) 97
TRAINING NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR STAFF OF PREVENTIVE MEDICAL SYSTEM IN HO CHI MINH CITY AND SOUTHERN PROVINCES
Hoang Quoc Cuong, Ho Xuan Nyuycn, Vicn Trung Kien, Phan Tu Nghia, Nguyen Quoc Huy, Nguyen Vu Quant; An, Iran Thinh*, Van Hung*, N«u\en Thanh Son**, Nguyen I hi Kim ( h i * * , Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong
Pasteur Institute in Ho Chi Minh City
* AIDS Committee of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC PAC)
** Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Viet Nam
Inorderto improve the skill.siind capacity to woik nTthc slalT of Preventive Medicine al the provincial and district in HCMC and 20 southern provinces, thereby improving the quality of services provided to the community, we have made a survey of staff working at the Center for Preventive Medicine in three cities: Ho Chi Minh City, Lam Dong, Dong Thap province. In this survey, we used cross- sectional survey method. After questionnaire was piloted in Ho Chi Minh City Preventive Medicine Center, Thu Due district Preventive Medicine Centers, Medicine Center in Linh Tay commune. Preventive Medicine Center in Dong Thap province, health centers Cao Lanh
official survey we conducted with a sample size of 51 people. The officers will be interviewed through d questionnaire. Information, data were stored and statistical analysed by software Epi Data version 3.1 and Epi Info version 3.5 3. Excel 2010. Survey results show that epidemiological staff who work less than 5 years and over 8 years claim the majority;
staff lack skills and training needs most Is the knowledge about the epidemiology learning, emerging diseases, measure the frequency content condition, basic testing techniques and analysis of test results, the testing method of hand, foot and mouth disease and dengue.
98 Tap chi Y hpc d\r phong, Tap XXII, s6 7 (134)