vifai tahf SBT MHAM DAM yen C6HG nic sAn THJUIH radHG. CH6NG THUM MHOHG
NANG CAO CHAT LUONG, HIEU QUA HOAT D 6 N G CUA VIEN KIEM SAT NHAN D A N TRONG CONG TAC
PHONG, CHONG THAM NHUNG XAY RA TRONG HOAT DONG TU PHAP
LE MINH LONG*
T
rong cdng tdc diu tianh chdng tpi phgm vd tham nhung ttong hogt dpng tu phdp, Co quan didu tra \^dn kilm sdt nhdn ddn (VKSND) cd trdch nhiem tidn hdnh dieu tra logi tpi phgm ndy, qud trinh gidi quylt to gidc, tin bao ve tpi phgm, kiln nghj khdi td tdi phgm tham nhiing xdy ra tiong hogt dpng tu phdp, neu thiy ed diu hidu tpi phgm thi Co quan dieu tra VKSND t6i cao ra quyet djnh khdi td vy dn, tiln hdnh dilu tia, xir I;^ theo phap lugt vd phdi ttd ldi kit qud gidi quyet cho co quan kiln nghi; VKSND thye hanh quydn cdng td, kiem sat vipc tudn theo phap lugt tiong didu tia, tray to, xet xd vd Tda dn thyc hipn chiic ndng xdt xir ddi vdi tdi pham vl tham nhiing xdy ra tiong hogt dpng tu phdp;Co quan hd tip tu phdp, thi hdnh dn cd trdch nhipm to chiic thi hanh dn. Ngodi nhipm vy tryc tilp diu ti-anh, qud trinh thyc hidn chiic trach nhiem vy dugc giao, cac Ca quan dieu tia, Vipn kilm sdt, Tda an, Thi hdnh an cd
ttach nhipm phdng ngua, chdng tham nhung xay ra ngay ttong npi bd co quan don vj minh. Cdc co quan nhd nude cd thim quyin khi phat hien cd tham nhiing xdy ra thi kien nghi Co quan dilu tta VKSND toi cao xdc minh, dieu tta theo phap lugt. Qud trinh dieu tra, tray td vd xet xir cdc vy an tham nhiing xdy ra ttong hogt dpng tu phdp, Co quan dieu tra VKSND tdi cao tiln hdnh xdc minh didu tra, VKSND va Tda an phai phdi hgp chat che, ho ttg tao didu kien dd cdc viec didu tra, tray to vd xet xir dugc kjp thdi nhanh chdng, khdch quan, diing phdp lugt. Khi dau tranh phdng, chdng tham nhung xdy ra tiong hoat d^ng tu phdp, VKSND phdi chju sy gidm sat cua cdc co quan ddn cii vd gidm sat xa hpi; phdi chju sy Idem sodt ciia cdc eo quan tiln hdnh td tung vd cdc co quan dugc giao thyc hipn mgt sd
Tiin sT. Pho Thd tnrong Ca quan diiu tra Vi0n kiim sdt nhSn dan tdi cao.
^ Tap chi S624fthmg12/2ai5)^KIEM SAT I 3 7
CHDTlaiD£
thdm quyin ttong hoat ddng tu phdp (kidm sodt Idn nhau).
Nhimg vudng mdc. bdt cap trong cong tdc phdng. chong tham nhiing xdy ra trong hoat dpng tuphdp vd nguyen nhdn:
Qudn triet va thyc hidn chu traong cdi cdch tu phap da dugc de ra tiong cdc van kien, nghj quydt cua Dang, nhat la Nghj quylt sd 08 NQ/TW ngdy 02/01/2002 cua Bd Chinh trj v l mdt so nhiem vu tipng tam cdng tac tu phap ttong thdi gian tdi va Nghj quylt sd 49-NQ/TW ngdy 02/6/2005 cua Bp Chinh tri v l chien lupc cdi each tu phdp d i n nam 2020, Van kien Dai hdi Dang l i n thii XI v l djnh hudng: "... xdy dung he thong tu phdp trong sgch, vimg mgnh, bdo vi cong ly, ton trpng vd bdo ve quyen con ngudf\ VKSND cdc cap da tang cudng cac bipn phap dau ttanh phdng, chdng tham nhiing ttong hogt ddng tu phdp. Tir nam 2006 din tiiang 6/2014, Co quan didu tta cdc cap da phan logi td giac, quydt djnh khdi td 312 vu an tham nhung ttong boat ddng tu phdp, chiem 7,56% sd vu an tham nhiing, chuc vy (312 vu/4.127vy), ban hdnh nhieu kien nghj phdng ngira. Trong dd, tii nam 2010 ddn thang 6/2015, Co quan dilu tta VKSND da khdi td: 210 vy/226 bj can, ban hdnh 254 van bdn kidn nghi cdc co quan tu phdp.
Thdng qua boat dpng thye hdnh quyin cdng td, kidm sdt hoat ddng tu phdp, VKSND cdc cip da true tilp phat hidn kiln nghj Co quan didu tta VKSND tdi cao khdi td xii ly hinh su ddi vdi 226 ngudi cd diu hipu phgm tpi ve tham nhiing, kiln nghi xu
ly hanh chinh 390 ngudi cd hdnh vi tham nhiing nhung chua ddn mire xu ly hinh sy, da gdp phdn nang cao chat lugng, hieu qud cdng tdc dau ttanh phdng, chdng tdi pham v l tham nhiing xdy ra ttong hoat ddng tir phdp, bdo vd quydn con ngudi, giii gin su ttong sach cua cdc co quan thuc hien cdc hoat ddng tu phap, tgo niem tin ciia Ddng, Nha nude vd nhdn dan vdi cac co quan bao vd phdp luat. Tuy nhidn, bdn canh nhung k i t qud dat dugc, hogt ddng cua VKSND ttong cdng tdc dau ttanh phdng, chdng tham nhiing xdy ra ttong hoat ddng tu phap thdi gian qua vdn edn bdc Id nhieu tdn tai, thilu sdt. Tinh ttgng tham nhiing xdy ra ttong hoat ddng tu phap dien ra phiic tap, nhung chua dugc phat hien va xir ly nghidm minh; cdc hanh vi nhan va dua hdi Id, Igi dyng chdc vu quydn han tiong khi thi hdnh cdng vu hoac lam quydn tiong khi thi hdnh cdng vy nham chidm doat tdi sdn ciia nhiing ngudi tien hdnh td tyng vdn xdy ra nhung khdng dugc phat hien hogc neu phdt hidn ciing khdng dugc chuyen den Co quan dieu tia dd didu tra, xd ly theo phap ludt. Trong mdt sd tradng hgp, do sg bj anh hudng den thdnh tich ciia cd nhdn, tap thd nen thu tradng cdc don vj cd can bg tham nhung chi xd ly hdnh chinh, khdng chuyen kien nghj khdi td de dieu tta va xd ly theo phap luat. Sd vy an tham nhung, tieu cue ttong boat dgng tu phdp duge phat hipn khdi td, dieu tta va xu ly theo phap ludt cdn han chd, chua dap ling ydu cdu cai cdch tu phdp. Nhiing tdn tai, thieu sdt ndu ttdn xuat phat td nhiing nguydn nhdn co bdn sau ddy;
Tgp chi
38 I KIEMSAT_ / S o 24(thwg 12/2015}
VI^H K I ^ SAT N H A N DAH TtX CdNG lAC DAD TRANH PHdNG, CHdNG THAM HHONG
- Ca chd chinh sdch, phdp luat nhd nude ta ehua hodn thipn, thieu ddng bg, nhidu chd djnh phap lugt cdn chdng cheo, mdu thuan, so hd de bj Igi dung. Vide kilm sodt quydn l\rc ttong hogt ddng tu phdp chua chat che, phdn cdng, phdn cip chua ro rdng, ranh mgeh, ehua ddm bdo tinh minh bgch; chua tang cudng vai tid lanh dao ciia Dang dd hidn thyc hda cdc nghj quylt ciia Ddng vd chju sy gidm sdt cua cac co quan, td chirc dan cd, cdc co quan thdng tin bdo chi va chua phdt huy vai tid eiia qudn chiing nhan ddn tham gia diu tranh phdng, chdng tham nhiing xdy ra tiong hogt ddng tuphdp
- Cac quy djnh cua phdp ludt cdn chdng cheo, ehua ro rdng; mdt sd chd dinh phdp ludt cdn dp dyng tuy nghi. Vipc gidi thich, hudng ddn phdp lugt chua kjp thdi vd chua dugc quan tam diing miic, khidn cho vide nhgn thiic, dp dung phap luat giiia nhiing ngudi thyc hipn cdc boat ddng tu phdp, giiia cdc co quan tu phdp khdng thdng nhat.
- Quy djnh vl tiach nhipm ngudi diing diu chu dpng phdt hipn vd xu ly ede hanh vi tham nhiing ttong don vi minh qudn ly cdn thilu ey thi; ngudi diing diu dan vj chua nhdn thuc diy du vl tinh nghidm ttgng cua td tham nhiing xdy ra ttong boat dpng tu phap; mpt sd thu trudng don vi vdn ehua quan tam dung miic den cdng tac nay trong don vj minh hoac tridn khai mang tinh hhih thdc, thilu guong mlu; y thdc trdch nhipm chua eao, bao che khdng xu ly cip dudi vi phgm ho^c chi xu ly npi bg.
Nhieu trudng hgp mac du da phdt hipn ro cap dudi cd dau hieu tdi pham, van khdng chuyin Co quan dilu tia VKSND tdi cao de xdc minh didu tia va gidi quyet theo lugt djnh. Cd trudng hgp, lanh dgo don vj da bao bipn, gay khd khan cho Co quan dieu tra VKSND tiong vide thu tiidp chiing cii chiing mmh hdnh vi phgm tpi. Ndu Co quan dieu tia kidn quydt khdi td hinh sy de dieu tra, xu ly theo phdp ludt thi tac dpng cdc quan hp khdc thuc ep dd khdng xu ly hinh sy.
- Ngudi cd hdnh vi tham nhung ttong hogt dpng tu phdp Id nhiing ngudi cd hidu bidt, cd kidn thiie phdp ludt, ed nhidu quan he ndn phuang thiie, thu doan thyc hipn va che gidu hdnh vi vi pham vd tdi pham rat tinh vi, gay khd khan, cdn tid cdng tac thanh tra, kidm tia vd dilu tia xu ly. Nang lye tinh do eua mdt sd cdng chiic thyc hien cdc hogt ddng tu phap chua ddp ung ydu cau; cdn ne nang, ttanh ne, nggi va cham nen khi phat hipn ddng ngbidp cd tham nhiing cung khdng bdo cdo, de xuit xu ly din den tinh tigng tu nhung vi pham nhd tiep tyc vi phgm phap lugt nghidm tipng va nay sinh thanh tpi phgm.
- Vide phdi hgp cua giiia cdc Co quan thyc hidn cae hoat ddng tu phap chua chgt che, mang tinh hinh thiic, chi quan tam ddn diu tranh chdng tdi phgm ngodi xa hdi, chua quan tam phat hidn tham nhiing ttong don vi minh; vide dp dyng mire hinh phgt ddi vdi cdc bj cdo phgm t0i vd tham nhiong trong hogt dpng tu phdp cdn nhe, chua ddm bao tinh ran de; chit lugng hogt dgng thanh
, Tap chi So24(thangT2Q015)V_jaEM SAT i 3 9
CHUYtND^
tra, kilm tia gidi quylt don khieu ngi, td cdo tham nhiing tiong hogt ddng tu phap chua kjp thdi, cdn de keo dai.
- Co quan dilu tra VKSND chua phdi hgp tdt vdi ede eo quan tu phdp ttong tidp nhgn xu ly, td gidc tin bdo tdi phgm vd tham nhiing ttong hoat ddng tu phdp; chua phdt huy dupe vai ttd vd sire manh tdng hgp cua cac td chiic chinh trj, cua co quan ngdn lugn vd cua qudn chung nhdn dan tiong diu ttanh phdng, chdng te ngn ndy.
Didu kidn co sd vat chdt tiang thiet hi, kinh phi phyc vy cdng tdc didu tra eua Co quan didu tra VKSND tdi cao cdn han chd; bien che cdn thidu, chinh sdch dai ngd ddi vdi Didu tia vidn ehua tuong xiing vdi tinh chat cdng vide phdi dam nhiem.
De ndng cao hiiu qud hogt dong cua VKSND trong cong tdc ddu tranh phdng, chong tham nhiing xdy ra trong hogt dong tuphdp, theo chung toi cdn quan tdm mpt so gidi phdp do Id:
Thu nhat: VKSND edn ttanh thu ttidt de sy lanh dgo cua Ddng dd hien thyc hda cdc nghj quydt ciia Ddng ttong cdng tdc dau tranh phdng, chdng tham nhiing xdy ra ttong hogt dpng tu phap, xdc djnh cdng tdc nay Id rat quan trpng dnh hudng den sy phat tridn eiia ddt nude. Vi vay, de ttanh thu sy lanh dgo cua Ddng, dam bao cho boat ddng ciia VKSND thye hidn dung quan diem cua Ddng vd phdp ludt cua Nhd nude can xdy dung quy c h i phdi hgp giiia VKSND vdi Ban Ndi chinh.
Quy chd phdi hop phdi ddm bao chd dp ldm vide vd quan hp cdng tdc giiia eac
ban, ngdnh duoc chat che thudn Igi ttong vide chi dao, ddn ddc dieu tta, tmy td, xdt xii ddi vdi vy, vide tham nhiing nghiem ttgng, phiic tap hoac d u lugn xa hpi dac biet quan tam, ttong do cd cdc vu vipc tham nhung xdy ra trong hogt dpng tu phap nghiem ttpng, phdc tap.
Thu hai: VKSND phdi edng khai, minh bgch hda ede hoat ddng thyc hdnh quydn cdng td, kiem sdt boat ddng tu phap coi ddy Id mdt nguyen tac co bdn ttong qud trinh thue hidn chdc trach nhiem vy dugc giao.
D I hogt ddng cua VKSND ddm bdo cdng khai, minh bgch, ngdnh K i l m sat nhan dan can tranh thu sy ung hg vd chiu sy gidm sat cua cdc CO quan, td chiic dan cu, cdc eo quan thdng tin bao chi vd tang cudng phdt huy vai tid cua quan chiing nhan ddn tham gia d i u tianh phdng, chdng tham nhiing xdy ra tiong hgat dgng tu phdp. Trong dd, can dac bidt quan tdm tdi ket qud cdc hogt ddng thye hdnh quydn edng td vd kidm sdt hogt dpng tu phdp (quyet djnh phd chudn khdi td bj can, quydt djnh tray td); cdc bdo cdo dinh ky ciia VKSND ve cdng tdc phdng, chdng tham nhiing, tidu cyc xay ra ttong hoat ddng tu phdp.
Thu ba: Qudc hdi da thdng qua B0 ludt Hinh sy, Bd luat Td tyng hinh sy, Bp ludt Td tung dan sy, Ludt Td tung hanh chinh, Luat Tam giu, tam giam, Luat Td ehiic VKSND, Luat To chuc Cdng an nhdn ddn, Luat Td chdc Tda an nhan dan... Day Id nhung dgo ludt c a bdn nham tao co sd phap ly thuan Ipi ddm bdo co chd de VKSND thuc hipn cd hieu qud cdng tdc dau tianh
Tap chi
40 I KIEMSAT^ / S o 24(thang 12/2015)
VttH Edx SAT NHAH DAN vdi cdMG TAC DAU TRANH PHdNG, CH6NG TRAM NHOHG
phdng, chdng tdi pham ndi chung, dau tianh phdng, chdng tham nhiiog xdy ra ttong hogt ddng tu phdp ndi rieng. Vi vay, can td chiic qudn triet day dii d i n cdc cdn bp, cdng chiic ttong todn nganh Kidm sdt dd trien khai thye hien.
Thu tu: Ngdnh Kidm sat nhan ddn c i n quan tdm ddi mdi td chuc, ndng cao chit lugng hogt ddng cua VKSND cac c i p khi thye hdnh quydn cdng td, kilm sdt hogt ddng tu phdp dd phdp lugt dugc tuan thu nghiem chinh, ddm bdo ngan chan kjp thdi khdng tgo so hd de Igi dung tham nhung tiong hogt dpng tu phdp; quan tam ddi mdi td chuc vd hogt dgng cua Co quan dieu tra VKSND tdi cao de thyc hidn cd hieu qua edng tdc didu tta vd xii ly ddi vdi tpi phgm vd tham nhiing xdy ra trong hogt ddng tu phdp; tang cudng hogt dgng cua C o quan Thanh tta nganh, dam bao xay dyng c o quan ndy dii manh de thyc hien cd hieu qud edng tdc phdng ngira cdng chiic ttong ngdnh K i l m sdt tham nhiing khi tiiyc hipn cdc hogt dpng tu phdp; rd soat, xay dyng, hoan thipn cdc quy chd nghiep vu thyc hdnh quydn cdng td, kidm sdt boat ddng tu phdp; quy che thanh tia ndi bd ttong ngdnh kidm sdt vd cac quy chd phdi hgp giiia Vipn kiem sat vdi cac c o quan hihi quan; quy che phdi hgp giira Ca quan didu tia VKSND toi cao vdi cdc c o quan duge giao thyc hipn ede hoat dpng tu phap vd cdc CO quan chuc ndng khac ttong vide phoi hgp tiep nhgn, gidi quydt to gidc, tin bao v l tgi phgm, khdi td dieu tta vd x u ly ddi vdi t0i phgm vd tham nhiing xdy ra
trong hogt ddng tu phdp. Vide xay dyng cae quy c h i phdi dam bdo chat che, khoa hgc ban chd tdi da cac so h d ttong hogt dpng tu phdp nham ddm bdo co chd de ngdnh Kiem sat thyc hipn edng tdc dau ttanh, phdng ngira tham nhiing xdy ra tiong hogt ddng tu phdp.
Thir ndm: VKSND cdn tang cudng phdi hgp chgt che vdi Ca quan didu tra, Ca quan Tda dn, Thi hdnh dn vd cdc co quan dugc giao thyc hidn cac hoat ddng tu phdp de kjp thdi phdt hipn vd phdn loai xu ly ddi vdi hdnh vi tham nhiing xdy ra tiong boat ddng tu phap. Neu thdy dii can cii xdc dinh pham tgi vd tham nhiing khi thyc hidn cdc boat ddng tu phdp thi chuydn Co quan didu tta VKSND tdi eao dd khdi td, didu tra vd xu ly theo phdp ludt ndu thdy chua ddn miic xu ly hinh sy thi kien nghj C a quan ed thdm quydn xu l^ hdnh chinh de phdng ngiia ddi vdi td ngn nay.
Thir sdu: Tang cudng qudn ly chat che cdng chuc tiong ngdnh Kiem sdt dugc phan cdng thyc hanh quydn cdng td, kiem sat hogt ddng tu phdp; quy djnh chat che vd trach nhidm ciia thu tradng don vj tiong vide phat hidn va x d ly ede hdnh vi tham nhiing trong don vj minh qudn ly, thye hipn vide kidm sodt chat che thu nhgp eua edng chuc tiong ngdnh Kiem sat dugc giao nhidm vy thyc hidn cac hoat ddng tu phdp ddm bdo liem chinh tiong hogt ddng tu phdp; bdo ddm chd dp, chinh sach, xdy dyng lye lugng, bd sung bien chd, thyc hidn nhipm vy thue hanh quyin cdng td, kiem sat boat dgng tu phdp.*
, Tap chi S624(«iang12/2015)^KIEMSAT I
