Tu'lieu tham khao So 4(82) ndm 2016
N| X A Y DITNG TIEU CHUAN BANH GIA THE LlTC CHUYEN M 6 N CHO NAM VAN DONG VIEN 17 - 1 8 TUOI
DOI TUYEN BONG DA TINH TAY NINH
NGUYEN THANH D E ' , N G U Y E N THANH TUAN"
TOM TAT
Bdi viit sir dying cdc phuongphdp nghien cuu thudng quy trong thi due the thao di xdy dung tieu chudn ddnh gid the luc chuyen mdn cd du do tin cdy cho khdch the nghien cuu, ddng thdi tiin hdnh xdy dung thang diem, bdng phdn lo0 tong hcrp, qua do img dyng ddnh gid thi liic chuyen mdn ciia nam van dgng vien (VDV) 17- 18 tudi doi tuyen bdng dd tinh Tdy Ninh.
Tit lihda: thd lue, tidu chuin danh gia, nam van dpng vidn 17-18 tudi.
ABSTRACT
Developing standards for assessing professional strength of 17-18 years old male footballers of Tay Ninh football team
The article used normally ruled method in sporting reseach to develop reliable standards for assessing professional strength of experimental objects, establishing scales and general classification; in light of which, the researchers developed standards for assessing professional strength of 17-18 years old male footballers of Tay Ninh football team.
Keywords: physical strength, evaluative standards, 17-18 years old male fooballers.
1. Dgit van de moi co thd dua ra nhiing du bao dang tin Bong da la mon thd thao ddi khang cay vd tidm nang va kha nang phit tridn true tidp, do do mpt VDV bong da hidn cua cac VDV do minh huin luydn. Didu dai can eo mgt trinh dp thd luc cao. Dd do Iam cho qua frinh huin luydn dat hieu VDV CO trinh dp thd lue cao, huin luydn qua cao hon.
bdng da hidn dai diing phuong phap huin Dd danh gia chinh xac hinh dd tlij luydn vol lupng v ^ dpng ion. Song tidn luc cua VDV cin eo mpt tidu chuin danh hJnh huan luy$n voi lupng van dpng ldn gia khoa hpc va toan difn. V6i tim quan phdi dua rdn co sd trinh dd thd luc nhit trpng trdn, chiing toi tidn hanh nghien dinh. Do do, danh gia dung uinh dp thd ciiu "Xay dung tidu chuin danh gia thJ lire cua mot VDV bong da la vide lam rit luc chuydn mon cho nam VDV 17-18 quan trpng va can thidt. M jt khac, nhir co tudi dpi tuydn bong da tinh Tay Ninh".
nhihig thdng tin chinh xac vd trinh dp thd Trong nghidn ciiu niy, chung tdi sir luc ciia VDV ma huan luydn vidn mdi dung phuang phap tham khao tai lidu, didu chmh kd ho?eh huin luyen, didu phuong phap phong vin bing phidu, chinh lugng v?n dgng mgt each hgp li, phuong phip kidm tra su pham va -!?• J 7 * " 8 ^ l i ^ Su pham Th^ due - Th^ thao TPHCM; Email: [email protected]
TilS, Tru6ng Bai hpc Su' pham Thl dye - Thl thao TPHCM
TAP CHi KHOA HQC OHSP TPHCM Nguyen Thanh Be vd tgk
phuong phap toan thdng kd.
Khaeh thd nghidn ciiu ciia chiing tdi gdm 26 VDV 17 -- 18 tudi cua ddi tuydn bdng da tinh Tay Ninh.
Khaeh the phong van gdm 2 chuydn gia, 14 huan luydn vidn, 2 trgng tai, 2 can bg quan H, 2 giang vidn bdng da Trudng Dai hge Thd due - Thd thao Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh (DHTDTT TPHCM).
2. Ket qua nghien curu va ban lu^n 2.1. Xdc dinh cdc test ddnh gid the luc ehuyen mon cua nam VDV 17 - 18 tuoi dgi tuyen bdng da tinh Tay Ninh
Nghidn ciiu dugc tien hanh theo 3 budc sau:
+ Birdc 1. Tdng hgp cac test danh gia the luc chuyen mdn cua VDV bdng da nam liia tudi 17-18 ciia eae tac gia trong va ngoai nudc nhu; Duong Nghidp Chi va cdng su (2004), Pham Nggc Vidn Bang 1. Kit qud phong vdn cdc test lira tudi 17
va cdng su (2004), Ld Van Lam (2007), Pham Xuan Thanh (2007), Tran Qudc Tuan - Nguydn Minh Nggc (2002), Nguydn Thidt Tinh (1997), Trudng DH TDTT Bac Kinh (1994), Nguydn Van Dung - Vu Thai Hdng (2007), Nguydn Thd Truydn - Nguydn Kim Minh - Tran Qudc Tuan (2002). Kdt qua da lua chgn va tdng hgp dugc 60 test danh gia the luc eho cac VDV bdng da tre. Can cii vao dac didm mdn bdng da va phii hgp vdi tinh hinh thue td tai dia phuang, chiing tdi chgn dugc 9 test.
+ Birdc 2. Phdng van cac huan luyen vidn, chuydn gia, nha chuydn mdn vd cac test danh gia thd lue chuydn mdn eua van ddng vidn bdng da nam liia tudi 17-18 dgi tuydn Tay Ninh. Kdt qua phdng van d Bang 1.
ddnh gid thi luc cda VDV bong dd nam 18 tinh Tdy Ninh
9
>•
1
Ten test
Chay 15 m xuat phdt cao (s) Chay 30 m xuit phat cao (s) Chfy5x30m(s)
Chsiy 2000m (s) Chfy cooper (m) Bat xa tai cho (cm) Bat cao t ^ chd (em) Chay xoay Ird 5 coc x Sm (sidy)
Nem bien cd dd (cm)
So phieu Phat
ra 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
Thu ve 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22
Thuwng xuyen SD Dong
y 16 12 16 10 12 15 9 16 13
T i l e
%
72,7 54,5 72,7 45,4 54,5 68,2 40,9 72,7 59,1
it sir dung Dong
y 4 4 3 4 6 4 5 3 5
Ti le % 18,2 18,2 1,.6 18,2 27,3 18,2 22,7 13,6 22.7
Khong sir dung Dong
y 2 6 3 8 5 J 8 3 4
Tiid 9,1 27,3 13,6 36,4 22,7 13,6 36,4 13,6 18,2
173
Ty lieu tiiam khao So 4(82) nam 2016
Trong sd 25 phidu phat ra, chung tdi da thu vd dugc 22 phidu tra loi. Tii kdt qua 6 bang 1, chgn cac test danh gia thd luc chuydn mon cho VDV bong da nam lira tudi 17 - 18 ddi tuydn Tay Ninh co tdng s6 phidu tra liii o hai mire thucmg xuydn sir dung va it sir dung trdn 75%, kdt qua chgn dupc 6 test sau: Bat xa tai chd (cm), Chay 15m xuit phat cao (s), Chay 5 X 30 m (s). Test Cooper (m), Chay xoay tro 5cgc x 5m (giay), Nem bien co da (cm).
+ Birdrc 3. Kidm nghidm do tin cay cua test.
Bang 2. KSt qud kiem nghiem do tin cdy Ida tudi 17
Vide kidm nghiem dugc tidn h ^ trdn 28 nam VDV bong da lua tudi 17-18 tinh Tay Ninh. Chimg tdi tidn hanh kidm tra hai lin, thoi gian giiia hai lin each nhau 7 ngay, cac didu kidn va thir tu quy trinh kidm tra giua hai lin la nhu nhau. Dd kidm tra dp tin cay ciia test, chiing tdi tidn hanh tinh hd s6 tuong quan (r) ciia timg test giiia kdt qua kidm tra lan 1 va lan 2 thu duoc kdt qua a bang 2 sau day:
- Neu he sd tuong quan r > 0,8, p <
0,05 thi test c6 dii dp tin c|iy.
- Ndu he sd tuong quan r < 0,8 thi test khong du do tin cay.
cdc test the luc cho VDV bong dd nam 18 Tdy Ninh
Yeu t6
Thl lux
TEST Bat xa tai chd (cm) Ch^y 15 m xuat phat cao (s) Chjy 5 X 30 m (s) Chay cooper (m)
Chay xoay trd 5 cgc x 5m (giay) Nem bien co da (cm)
LANl 240,54 ± 12,49
2,07 ±0,12 20,10 ±0,65 2952,7± 175,5
15,78 ±0,61 234,04 ±13,86
LAN 2 X ± ° ' 2 240,15 ± 12,17
2,07 ± 0,10 20,20 ±0,56 2951,9± 136,3
15,85 ±0,56 236,54± 15,02
r 0.97 0.89 0.87 0.97 0.89 0.88
P
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,0S Bang 2 cho thay he sd tin cay giua
hai lan kidm tra deu cd (r> 0,8 va p<
0,05). Didu nay cho thay hd thdng cac test trdn ddu cd mdi tucmg quan chat che vdi nhau, du do tin cay dd danh gia thd luc chuydn mdn cho cac VDV bdng da nam liia tudi 17-18 tinh Tay Ninh.
Qua cae budc tdng hgp tai lieu, phdng vin va kidm nghidm do tin cay, bai vidt da xac dinh dugc 6 test vd thd luc chuydn mdn cho VDV bdng da nam liia tudi 17 - 18 ddi tuydn Tay Ninh dam bao
tidn eiia tinh nhu sau: Bat xa tai chd (cm), Chay 15 m xuat phat cao (s), Chay 5 x 30 m (s), Test Cooper (m), Chay xoay trd 5 cgc X 5m (giay), Nem bidn cd da (cm).
Bdng da la mdn thd thao thudng xay ra nhiing cudc biic pha tdc do d c^
cu li ngdn khac nhau. Trong bdng da, cac cau thu phai ludn di chuydn dd kem ch^t hay thoat khdi su deo bam cua doi phuong. Chinh vi thd, trong tan cdng hay phdng thu, cau thii nao cd tdc do tdt hon se chidm uu thd trong tinh hudng tranh
TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Nguyen Thanh Be vd Igk
hudng tidp theo. Ben canh dd, do thdi gian thi dau tuorng ddi dai va thudng xuydn xay ra nhung cugc tranh chap tay ddi va dua tdc dd d eac cu li ngan lidn t\ic, do do dd duy tri tde do lidn tue lap lai trong thdi gian thi dau ddi hdi VDV phai cd siic ben tdc do. Bdng da hidn dai ddi hdi cd su phat tridn eao cac td chat the l\rc, cac ciu thu phai thudng xuyen di chuydn, thay ddi nhip dd tran dau. Tai lieu ciia nhidu nha nghidn ciiu cho thay trong mdt tran dau, cau thil di chuyen tu 12km - 15km bao gdm cac hinh thiic chay xen kg, chay nudc nit cu li ngan, chay tdc do trung binh, chay cham va di bg. Theo Wiherr - Van Gool (1982 198DJ, trong bdng da, chay nudc nit chidm 18% tdng quang dudng ciia mgt tran dau vdi tdc do 6,92 - 8,15 m/s (cu H 30m - 50m), chay tdc do trung binh va chay cham chidm 44% quang dudng trong mgt tran dau vdi tdc do 2,04 - 6,92 m/s, di bd 36,3% tde do 1,30 - 2,04 m/s, do dd, siic bdn chuydn mdn cao trong vide giai quydt cac tinh hudng thi dau nhu chay chd, kem ngudi, phdi hgp...
Bdn canh siic nhanh, siic bdn thi bdng da khdng thd thidu siic manh. Siic manh ciia con ngudi la kha nang khac phuc luc ddi khang ben ngoai hoac dd khang l^i nd bang su nd luc cua co b4p.
Trong mgi hoat dgng cua bdng da ddu clin ddn siic manh ciia co thd. VDV khdng chi sii dgng siic manh cua ddi chan dd thuc hidn dugc nhiing cu siit ciu mdn manh, nhung dudng chuydn dai chinh xac, nhiing dgng tac bat nhay danh dau va tranh cudp can trd ddi phucmg...
Thuc td cijng da cd khdng it nhOng ban
thang tu nliihig pha siit bdng xa gan giira san, hay phan cdng nhanh bang nhung dudng chuydn dai tii san nha cho ddng dgi ghi ban. Chinh vi vay, cac bai tap siic manh cung rat can thidt cho cdng tac huan luydn bdng da trd.
Bdng da la mgt trong eac mdn thi dau thd thao ddi khang true tiep, chinh vi vay, ben canh cac td chat nhanh, manh va bdn, cac VDV bdng da cdn phai hdt siic kheo leo trong cac tinh hudng thi dau xay ra lien tue trdn san. Bdn canh dd, kheo leo edn la ndn tang quan trgng cho vide phat tridn eac kl thuat ca nhan thuan thuc va dieu luydn hem. Su kheo leo ddi vdi VDV bdng da thd hidn qua kha nang tranh cudp bdng tu chan ddi phucmg, dan bdng qua ddi phuang cung nhu cac tinh hudng tranh chap va ca diit diem.
Nhiing nam qua, ciing vdi su phat tridn eua cac kT thuat bdng da eua cau thu, tuy chua nhleu nhung td chat kheo leo cung dugc cac huan luydn vidn va cac nha nghidn ciiu quan tam.
Nem bidn la ddng tac kT thuat duy nhat cho phep cae cau thu (trii thii mdn) dugc dung tay cham bdng. Trong mgt tran dau bdng da nao cung ddu cd sd lan nem bidn rat ldn, cdng thdm quy djnh ciia Luat Bdng da la khi true tidp nhan bdng tu qua nem bidn se khdng bi bat ldi vidt vi, cho ndn nhung qua nem bidn se la nhiing ca hdi tan cdng r4t tdt, dac bidt la nem bdng thang vao trong khu clu mdn se tao su uy hidp rat ldn doi vdi khung thanh ciia ddi phuang.
Qua phan tich va ban luan trdn luan van su dung cae test chay 15m xuat phat cao, chay 5 x 30 m, test Cooper (m), bat
175
Ttr lieu tham khao SS 4(82) nam 2016
xa tji chd (cm), chay xoay tro 5 cgc x 5m (giay) va nem bidn c6 da (cm) diing dd danh gia thd luc chuydn mdn cho VDV bong da nam lira tadi 17 - 18 dpi tuydn Tay Ninh la hpp li. Kdt qua nghien ciiu trdn ciing triing vol cac tac gia nhu:
Duong Nghiep Chi, Pham Ngpc Vidn, Le Van Lim, Trin Qudc Tuin, Nguyen Minh Ngpc, Vu Thai Hdng, Nguydn Thd
Truydn, Nguydn Kim Minh, Tran Qudc Tuin va Nguydn Thidt Tinh.
2.2. Xay dung tieu chudn ddnh gid thi life chuyin mon cua nam VBV17 - IS tuoi doi tuyin bdng dd tinh Toy Ninh 2.2.1. Xdy dung thang diem C: Dua vao ket qua kidm tra va cong thirc tinh didm, tidn hanh lap thang didm cho cac test kdt qua thu duge 6 bang 3.
Bdng 3. Thang diim ddnh gid thi luc chuyen mdn cua VB V bdng dd nam ilia tudi 17-18 ddi tuyen Tdy Ninh
TEST
Bat xa tai ehd (cm) Chay 15 m xuat phat cao (s)
Test Cooper (m) Ch^y xoay trd 5 cgc X 5m (giay) Nem bidn co da (em)
DIEM 1
216 2,31 21,39 2602 17,00
2 222 2,25 21,07 2689 16,69
3 228 2,19 20,74 2777 16,39
4 234 2,13 20,42 2865 16,08
5 241 2,07 20,10 2953 15,78
6 247 2,01 19,77 3040 15,48
7 253 1,95 19,45 3128 15,17
8 259 1,89 19,12 3216 14,87
9 266 1,83 18,80 3304 14,56
10 272 1,77 18,47 3392 14,26 2.2.2. Xdy dipig tieu chudn phdn logi
tdng hap
Bang 3 cho thiy dd danh gia thd luc chuydn mdn cho timg VDV bong da nam ilia tudi 17 - 18 dpi tuydn Tay Ninh, ngoai thang didm cin co mpt tieu chuin phan lo^ thd lue cua khaeh thd nghidn cim theo gia tri timg test. Tuy nhidn, dd dd dang thuan tidn cho vide luong hoa cac ydu td khac nhau trong danh gia, phan loai cho timg VDV, bai vidt quy uoc phan loai tieu chuin timg chi tidu theo 5 mirc nhu sau:
+ Xdp loai tdt: Tir 9 didm ddn 10 didm;
+ Xdp loai kha: Tir 7 didm ddn can 9 didm;
+ Xdp loai trung binh: Tir 5 didm ddn can 7 didm;
+ Xdp loai ydu: Tir 3 didm den c&n 5 didm;
+ Xdp loai kem: Tir 3 didm trcr xuong.
Dd danh gia thd luc chuydn mdn cua khaeh thd nghidn cim co 6 test ddnh gia. Gia tri tdi da cua mdi test la 10 diem ndn tdng didm co the dat tdi da la 60 didm. Til nhirng quy uoc trdn, ehung ta CO bang didm tdng hpp phan loai nhu sau (xem bang 4):
TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Nguyen Thanh Be vd tgk
Bdng 4. Bdng diim tdng hgp phdn logi thi luc chuyen mon ciia VDV bong da nam lua tudi 17-18 dpi tuyen Tdy Ninh
Yeu to Thd luc
Test 6
Phan loai Tdt
5 4 ^ 6 0
Kha 4 2 ^ < 54
Trung binh 3 0 ^ < 4 2
Yeu 1 8 - > < 3 0
Kem 0 ^ < 1 8
2.2.3.Ung dung tiiu chudn ddnh gid trinh dp thi luc chuyin mon ciia VDV bong dd nam lua tuoi 17-18 dpi tuyin Tdy Ninh
Can cii vao thanh tich kidm tra vd didm theo bang 3 va phan loai theo bang 4, chiing tdi thu dugc kdt qua d bang 5 dudi day:
Bdng 5. Tong diim phdn logi ddnh gid the luc chuyen mon cdc VDV bong da nam lira tudi 17-18 dpi tuyin Tdy Ninh
T
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2
DIEM VDV Nguydn Minh Diic Phan Gia Thuan Le Qudc Bao Phan Thanh Tam Le Van Hien Le Minh Tho Nguyen Hoai Phong Phan Vu Thanh Duy Le Trpng Phiie Huynh Hoang Than Tran Thanh Anh Hd Viet Nam Trin Vo Thanh Minh Phan Minh NghTa Vd Van Truong An Vd Minh Tam Nguyen Hdng Hiiu Pham Hiiu Hao Trin Van Tii Le Anh Hao Nauven Huynh Dire Neuven Van Nhut Hao
B a t x a t^i cho
(cm) 5,6 5,6 4,9 7,3 2,4 8,6 9,2 5,1 2,4 6,7 4,8 8,8 3,2 3,8 4,0 4,1 4,1 4,1 3,2 3,6 6,7 6,5
Chay 15m XPC (giay)
1,3 0,3 5,7 6,5 5,0 8,7 3,5 7,5 6,2 5,3 4,0 4,5 4,5 4,0 5,7 5,8 3,5 5,3 6,0 2,6 6,2 9,0
Chay 5x30m
(giay) 2,7 2,2 5,4 5,5 4,2 8,8 4,9 7,6 3,6 5,7 3,5 5,3 4,4 5,6 5.9 3,8 5,4 1,5 4,3 3,6 6,8 10,0
Test Cooper
(m) 2,1 6,1 6.1 6,9 2,5 7,0 2,7 4,9 7,0 3,3 6,5 1,4 2,1 7,4 5,7 3,8 6,1 3,3 6,8 5,2 7,7 7,6
Chay xoay trir
5m X 5 coc (giay)
5.6 2,8 5,9 8,7 5,7 3,0 1,6 4,9 4,4 7,8 5,2 4,1 6,6 7,3 5,8 5,6 3,2 5,4 8,2 1,5 5,4 5,4
Nem bien cd da (cm) 3.7 2.3 3,7 4,4 5,1 8,7 0,8 3,7 7,3 5,1 4,4 5,1 3,7 4,4 2,3 3,7 5,9 6,6 9,5 6,6 4,4 3,7
Tong diem 21,0 19,2 31,7 39,3 24,9 44,8 22,7 33.6 30,9 33,9 28,3 29,2 24,5 32,5 29,2 26,8 28,1 26,2 37,9 23,1 37,2 42,2
X i p loai TB TB TB TB TB KHA
TB TB TB TB TB TB TB TB TB TB TB TB TB TB TB KHA
Tu' li§u tham khao Sd 4(82) ndm 2016
-
Mai Tuan Kiet Nguyen Phudc Hidu Nguyen Thanh Duy Nguydn Phude Toan
2,2 5,9 4,8 2,8
5,5 6,5 2,8 4,5
5,6 7,0 2,0 4,6
6,5 4,9 4,5 2,1
6,4 3,6 1,0 4,9
6,6 7,3 6,6 4,4
32,7 35,1 21,6 23,3
TB TB r TB ( TB Ket qua bang 5 cho thdy:
Xdp loai tdt khdng co VDV nao;
Xdp lo?ii kha co 2 VDV chidm ti Id 7,69%;
- Xdp loai trung binh co 24 VDV chidm tile 92,31%;
Xdp loai ydu khdng cd VDV nao;
Xdp loai kem khdng cd VDV nao.
3. Ket luan
Tir kdt qua nghidn cim trdn, chiing tdi nit ra nhihig kdt luan nhu sau:
Da xac dinh dupc 6 test vd thd luc chuydn mdn cho VDV bong da nam lua
tudi 17 - 18 dpi tuydn Tay Ninh dam bao dp tin cay va phii hgp vdi didu kidn thuc tidn ciia Tay Ninh nhu sau: Bat xa tai ehd (cm), Chay 15 m xuat phat cao (s), Chay 5 X 30 m (s). Test Cooper (m), Chay xoay trd 5 cpc X 5m (giay), Nem bidn cd da (cm).
Da xay dung dupc bang didm, bang phan loai va bang didm phan loai tdng hpp dd danh gia thd luc chuydn mdn cho nam VDV 1 7 - 1 8 tudi dpi tuydn bdng da tinh TSy Ninh.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Duong Nghidp Chi va cdng su (2004), Nghien ciru img dung khoa hoc cdng ngM ndng cao trinh do tgp luyen thi ddu cua bdng dd tre (tudi mdu gido tdi 18 tudi), Bk tii khoa hpc ddc lap cip Nha nude, Vidn Khoa hpc Thd due - Thd thao. Ha Ndi.
2. Le van Lim (2007), Gido trinh do ludng thi thao, Truong Dai hpc Su pham Thd due - Thd thao Ha Tay, Nxb Thd due - Thd thao. Ha Ndi.
3. Nguyen Kim Minh va cdng su (1999), Budc ddu ddnh gid trinh do tap luyen vd du bdo triin vong aia vdn dgng vien bdng dd U17 Qudc gia, B4o cao kdt qua nghien ciru. Ha Ndi.
4. Pham Xuan Thanh (2007), Nghien cm liiu chi ddnh gid ndng luc nam van dgng vim bdng da tre ilia tudi 14 - 16 (giai dogn chuyen mdn hda sdu), Luan an Tidn si Giao due hpc, Vidn Khoa hpc Thd due - Thd thao. Ha Npi.
5. Nguyen Thiet Tinh (1997), Hudn luyen vd gidng dgy bdng dd Nxb Thd due - ThS thao. Ha Ndi.
6. Nguydn Thd Truydn, Nguydn Kim Minh, Trin Qudc Tuin (2002), Tieu chudn ddnh gid trinh do tap luyen trong tuyin chon vd hudn luyen thi thao, Nxb Thd due - Thd thao. Ha Ndi.
7. Phpn Ngpc Vidn va cdng su (2004), Chuang Irinh hudn luyen bdng dd tre 11-IS tudi (tdp 1,1 3). Nxb Thd due - Thd thao. Ha Ndi.