Vietnam Journal of Physiology 14(4), 12/2010 ISSN: 1859 - 2376
The aims of this study were describing the height, weight, and average chest pubertal appearances and determining the circumference and estrogen concentration in relationship between age and some biological subjects have increased dramatically. There is indexes. The subjects included 652 Ede propotional relationship between those school girls and 687 Kinh school girls in 2009, indexes and age.
Dak Lac provinces. The reaults showed that: Key words: pubertal appearances, age appeared puberty at Ede school giris and relationship between age and some biological Kinh school girts is 12,23 ± 1,40 and 12,05 ± indexes
1,51 respectively. Other indexes composing
THai GIAN PHAN XA CAM GIAC - VAN DONG CUA HOC SINH DAN TQC KINH VA
S A NDiu TU 11 -15 TU6l
T I N H VTNHPHUC
Nguyin Thj Bich Ngoc, Ta Thiiy Lan Tnr&ng Dai hpe Sir pham Ha Npi
Muc tieu ciia cdng trinh nay la xac djnh thdi gian phan xa cam giac- van dpng ciia hoc sinh mpt sd dan tpc a miin nui phia Bic nwdc ta. Nghien ciru dwac tiin hanh tren 600 hoc sinh dan tpc San Diu va 1205 hoc sinh dan tpc Kinh tir 11 din 15 tudi. Kit qua nghien ciru cho thiy, thdi gian phan xa cam giac- van dpng ciia hoc sinh dan tpc Kinh va San Diu giam din tir 11 din 14 tudi. Thdi gian phan xa thj giac- van ddng cua nam hoc sinh Kinh liic 11 tudi la 357,11ms, din 14 tudi giam cdn 315,12ms va 15 tudi la 316,47ms; cua hoc sinh nir Kinh liic 11 tudi la 368,49ms, din 14 tudi giam cdn 325,26ms va 15 tuoi la 329,31ms. O hqc sinh nam San Diu thdi gian phan xa thj giac- van dpng liic 11 tudi la 369,17ms, din 14 tudi giam cdn 337,41ms, d tuoi 15 la 339,32ms. Doi vdi nir hoc sinh San Diu, thdi gian phan xa cam giac- van dpng liic 11 tudi la 383,25ms, din 14 tuoi giam cdn 355,31ms, a tuoi 15 la 356,21ms. Thdi gian phan xa thinh giac- van dpng cua hoc sinh nam Kinh luc 11 tuoi la 366,51ms din 14 tudi giam cdn 314,18ms va a tuoi 15 la 325,73ms; doi vdi hoc sinh nCr Kinh liic 11 tuoi la 380,02ms, din 14 tudi giam cdn 336,38ms va d tudi 15 la 338,02ms; doi vdi nam hoc sinh San Diu liic 11 tudi la 381,15ms din 14 tudi giam cdn 345,17ms va a tudi 15 la 346,85ms; doi vdi nir hoc sinh San Diu luc 11 tudi la 394,41ms, din 14 tuoi giam cdn 359,53ms va d tudi 15 la 360,18ms. Thdi gian phan xa cam giac- van dpng ciia hoc sinh dan tpc Kinh ngin han so vdi hoc sinh dan tpc San Diu trong ciing mdt dp tudi. Thdi gian phan xa thj giac - van dpng ngan han thdi gian phan xa thinh giac - van dpng vdi p<0,05 a tit ca cac lira tudi. Thdi diim giam nhanh toe dp phan xa cam giac - van dpng a hoc sinh dan tpc Kinh va San Diu diu vao luc 12- 14 tuoi.
TCr khoa: phan xa cam giac- van dpng, hoc sinh miin niii
1 . D A T V A N D £ tang len trong qua trinh phat triln ea t h i va Phan xa la mot trong eae nguyen t i c ca chju anh hudng cua d i l u kien sing. Phan xa ban trong hoat dpng t h i n kinh, la ca sd cua vdi eae thu quan ngoai nhu phan xa thj giac - mpi hoat dpng trong ea t h i . S l lugng phan xa van dpng, phan xa thinh giac - van dpng hinh
Vietnam Journal of Physiology 14(4), 12/2010 ISSN: 1 8 5 9 - 2 3 7 6
thanh va phat triln g i n liin vdi sy hoan thien eae c i u true eua he t h i n kinh. Toe dp phan xa phu thude vao mCpc dp phat triln cua he t h i n kinh va t i e dp d i n truyin xung dgng t h i n kinh. T i e do phan xa edn phu thupe vao dilu kien mdi trudng va dilu kien hpc tap. Thdi gian cam giac - van dpng cua tre em da duge nhilu tae gia nghien CLPU tren nhilu d i i tugng khac nhau [1], [2], [6], [7], X u i t phat tu- tinh hinh tren, ehiing tdi tiln hanh d l tai vdi muc tieu xac dinh tho'i gian phan xa cam giac- van dpng eiia hpc sinh mot s l dan tpc miln nui phia bIc ciia nudc ta,
2. 0 6 l TU'gNG VA PHLPaNG P H A P NGHIEN CU'U
2.1. Ddi tipang
- Dan toe Kinh g I m 1205 hpe sinh tCr 11 - 15 tuli, trong dd cd 604 nam va 601 nQ'.
- Dan tpc San Diu g I m 600 hpe sinh tCp 11- 15 tuoi, trong dd cd 304 nam va 296 nQ'.
2.2. Phu'O'ng phap nghien ciru
- Do thdi gian cam giac - van dpng eua hpe sinh tu' 11- 15 t u l i blng phuang phap eua Dd Cdng Huynh va es [1]. Cae khau trie nghiem duge chuang trinh hda bing d l hpa Pascal va thyc hien tren may vi tinh. Tiln hanh do 5 l i n va liy gia tri trung binh.
- X u ly s l lieu theo phuang phap thing ke Bang 1. Thdi gian phan xa thj
dung trong y - sinh hpc [3],
3. K^T QUA NGHIEN CLFU VA B A N LUAN K i t qua nghien cu'u dugc trinh bay tren cae bang 1-2 va hinh 1-2.
Thdi gian phan xa thj giac - van dpng eiia hpe sinh giam d i n tu' 11 d i n 14 t u l i va I n djnh 6' iLPa t u l i 15 d i i vdi hpe sinh dan toe Kinh va dan toe San Diu,
Thdi gian phan xa thj giac - van dpng cua hpe sinh nam Kinh luc 11 tuli la 357,11ms, d i n 14 t u l i giam edn 315,12ms, d t u l i 15 la 316,47ms. Thdi gian phan xa thi giac - van dpng eua eua hpc sinh nQ' Kinh lue 11 tudi la 368,49ms, d i n 14 tuli giam edn 325,26ms, d 15 t u l i la 329,31ms. Phan xa thj giac - van dpng eua nam va nu' hpe sinh Kinh d l u giam nhanh vao lue 12-14 tuli.
Thdi gian phan xa thj giac - van dpng cua hpe sinh nam San Diu lue 11 tuli la 369,17ms, d i n 14 tuli giam edn 337,41ms, d t u l i 15 la 339,32ms, O l i vdi nQ' hpe sinh San Diu, lue 11 t u l i thdi gian phan xa thj giac - van ddng la 383,25ms, d i n 14 t u l i giam edn 355,31ms va I n djnh d tuli 15 la 356,21ms.
T i e dp phan xa thj giao - van dpng d ea nam va nQ' hoc sinh San Diu d l u giam nhanh vao lue 12-14 tuli.
giac - van dpng (ms) ciia hgc sinh.
Dan tpc
Kinh San Diu
Tuoi
11 12 13 14 15 11 12 13 14 15
Giai tinh Nam(1)
n 120 120 121 122 121 60 62 59 61 62
X±SD
357,11±31,94 345,23±29,73 328,41±33,56 315,12±28,85 316,47±37,48 369,17±34,75 356,35±35,56 342,17±29,93 337,41±51,29 339,32±49,14
Giam - 11,88 16,82 13,29 -1,35
- 12,82 14,18 4,76 -1,91
NQ'(2) n
121 121 120 120 119 61 58 60 57 60
X±SD
368,49±31,25 356,38±44,73 340,35±41,31 325,26±35,89 329,31±26,47 383,25±28,85 374,17±41,13 361,53±47,84 355,31±40,47 356,21±26,78
Giam - 12,11 16,03 15,09 -2,05
- 9,08 12,64 6,22 -0,90
X | — X ,
-11,38 -11,15 -11,94 -10,14 -12,84 -14,08 -17,82 -19,36 -7,90 -16,89
Pl-2
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
Vietnam Journal of Physiology 14(4), 12/2010 ISSN: 1 8 5 9 - 2 3 7 6
Q cung mdt lu'a tuli, thdi gian phan xa thj giac van dpng eua hpc sinh nam Kinh va San
Diu t h i p han so vdi d hpe sinh nCr Kinh va San Diu ed y nghTa thing ke vdi p<0,05. So sanh thdi gian phan xa thj giac - van dpng eua hpe sinh eung gidi giQ'a 2 dan tpc eho thiy, thdi gian phan xa eua nam va nu' hpe sinh Kinh d l u ngin han so vdi nam va nQ' hpe sinh San Diu trong eung mpt dp tuli vdi p
<0,05,
K i t qua tren bang 2 eho thiy, thdi gian phan xa thinh giac - van dpng eua hpe sinh dan toe Kinh va San Diu giam d i n tu' l l d i n 14 tuli. I n djnh lue 14 len 15 tuoi.
o i l vdi hpe sinh Kinh, thdi gian phan xa thinh giac - van dpng cua nam hpe sinh lue 11 tuli la 366,51ms, d i n 14 tuli giam edn la 324,18ms, d tuli 15 la 325,73 ms; eiia nu' hpe sinh luc 11 tuli la 380,02ms, d i n 14 tuli giam edn 336,38ms, I n dinh d tuli 15 la 338,02ms.
o i l vdi hpc sinh San Diu, thdi gian phan xa thinh giac - van ddng eua hpe sinh nam lue 11 t u l i la 381,15 ms, d i n 14 tuli giam edn 354,38 ms, va I n djnh d tuli 15 la 346,85ms.
T i e dp phan xa nay giam nhanh vao luc 11 - 13 d i i vdi ca nam va nQ',
Tuang ty nhu tho'i gian phan xa thj giac - van dpng, ed sy khae biet rd ret v l thdi gian phan xa thinh giac - van dpng eua hpc sinh giu'a cae ICra t u l i tu' 11, 12, 13 va 14 trong moi gidi vdi p < 0,05 vdi ea hpe sinh Kinh va San Diu, cdn d lu'a tuoi 15 sy sai khae eua ehi s l nay khong dang k l .
6" eung mpt ICra t u l i , thdi gian phan xa thinh giac - van dgng cQa nam ngan han so vdi 6' nQ' eua ea hai dan tpc Kinh va San Diu vdi p<0,05. K i t qua nghien CLPU cho thiy, thdi gian phan xa thinh giao - van dpng eua hpe sinh Kinh t h i p han so vdi d hpe sinh San Diu trong eung mot dp t u l i vdi p <0,05. Nhu vay, t i c dp phan xa thinh giac - van dpng cua hpe sinh Kinh nhanh han so vdi hpc sinh San Diu.
Qua bang 2 cdn eho thiy, thdi gian phan xa cam giac - van dgng cua hpc sinh ea 2 dan toe dat gia tri nhd nhit 6' thdi dilm 14 d i n 15 tuli. D i l u nay cd t h i duge giai thich la vao thdi dilm nay, he ca va he thin kinh d tre da phat triln hoan thien v l e i u true va chii'c nang, cQng nhu t i c dp d i n truyin eua eae day t h i n kinh hudng tam va ly tam[4],[5].
Dan too
Kinh San Diu
Tuoi
11 12 13 14 15 11 12 13 14 15
Bang 2.Thdi gian phan xa thinh giac - van dpng (ms) cua hpc sinh.
Gio-i tinh N a m ( 1 )
n 120 120 121 122 121 60 62 59 61 62
X + SD
366,51±33,18 357,36±29,82 343,35±33,71 324,18±36,35 325,73±33,94 381,15±35,27 367,52±39,92 354,38±41,89 345,17±33,67 346,85±39,05
Giam
9,15 14,01 19,17 -1,55
13,63 13,14 9,21 -1,68
NQ'(2)
n 121 121 120 120 119 61 58 60 57 60
X±SD
380,02±32,09 368,74±34,96 352,49±31,76 336,38±43,34 338,02±35,04 394,41±36,56 381,24±31,15 370,96±36,72 359,53±35,37 360,18±29,03
Giam
11,28 16,25 16,11 -1,64
13,17 10,28 11,43 -0,65
X,-X,
-13,51 -11,38 -9,14 -12,2 -12,29 -13,26 -13,72 -16,58 -14,36 -13,33
Pl-2
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
<0,05
Vietnam Journal of Physiology 14(4), 12/2010 ISSN; 1 8 5 9 - 2 3 7 6
IE
D 53 3 0 Q
Hinh 1. Thdi gian phan xa thi giac - van dgng cua hoc sinh theo tudi. dan toe va giai tinh.
Trong tat ca cae lu'a t u l i tu' 11 d i n 15, thdi gian phan xa thj giac- van dpng eua hpe sinh dan toe Kinh va San Diu ngin han thdi gian phan xa thinh giac - van dpng vdi p<0,05.
Dieu nay cd t h i la do cd sy khac biet d khau tilp nhan kich thich ngoai vi va khau XLP ly thong tin d trung uang thin kinh ciia 2 loai phan xa nay[4].
So sanh vdi s l lieu eiia mgt s l tac gia khae [1],[6], thdi gian phan xa cam giac -van dpng eua hpe sinh trong nghien cu'u ciia chung tdi dai han so vdi nghien CLPU eua T r i n Thj Loan tren hpe sinh 6' Ha Npi va ngin han so vdi nghien CLPU cua D l Cdng Huynh va es tren d i i tugng thanh thilu nien khu vyc san bay Bien Hda, So vdi thanh thilu nien d xa Van Phuc - Ha Ddng trong nghien eiiu eua Do Cdng Huynh va es, thi thdi gian phan xa cam giac-van dpng cua hpe sinh trong nghien eiiu eua ehung tdi dai han d lu'a t u l i 12 d i n 14, D i l u nay ed t h i do d i i tugng nghien CLPU eae tae gia va ehung tdi tren cac dia ban khae nhau, ed i l l sing, sinh hoat khac nhau [7]
4. K^T LUAN
- Thdi gian phan xa cam giac - van dpng eiia hpe sinh dan toe Kinh va San Diu giam d i n tCp 11 d i n 14 t u l i va on djnh a ICpa t u l i 14-15. Thdi dilm giam nhanh t i e dp phan xa
EflSS
ossnB
Hinh 2, Thai gian phan xa thinh giac - van dong cua hoc sinh theo tuoi. dan tgc va giai tinh.
cam giae - van ddng d hpe sinh dan toe Kinh va San Diu d l u vao lue 12 d i n 14 t u l i .
- Thdi gian phan xa thj giae- van dgng eua nam hpe sinh Kinh lue 11 t u l i la 357,11ms, d i n 14 t u l i giam edn 315,12ms va 15 t u l i la 316,47ms; eua hpe sinh nCp Kinh luc 11 t u l i la 368,49ms, d i n 14 tuoi giam edn 325,26ms va 15 t u l i la 329,31ms. 6" hpe sinh nam San Diu thdi gian phan xa thj giae- van dpng lue 11 tuoi la 369,17ms, d i n 14 t u l i giam edn 337,41ms, d tuli 15 la 339,32ms. O l i vdi nu- hpe sinh San Diu, thdi gian phan xa cam giae- van dpng luc 11 t u l i la 383,25ms, d i n 14 t u l i giam cdn 355,31 ms, d tuoi 15 la 356,21 ms.
-Thdi gian phan xa thinh giac- van dgng eua hpc sinh nam Kinh lue 11 t u l i la 366,51ms d i n 14 t u l i giam edn 314,18ms va d tuli 15 la 325,73ms; d i i vdi hpc sinh nQ' Kinh luc 11 t u l i la 380,02ms, d i n 14 t u l i giam edn 336,38ms va d- tuli 15 la 338,02ms; d i i vdi nam hpe sinh San Diu luc 11 t u l i la 381,15ms d i n 14 t u l i giam edn 345,17ms va d" tuli 15 la 346,85ms; d i i vdi nCr hpc sinh San Diu lue 11 t u l i la 394,41ms, d i n 14 t u l i giam edn 359,53ms va d tuoi 15 la 360,18ms.
- Trong eung mot dp t u l i , thdi gian phan xa cam giae- van dpng eua hpe sinh nQ' ldn
Vietnam Journal of Physiology 14(4), 12/2010 ISSN; 1859-2376
han so vdi hpc sinh nam d ea hai dan toe Kinh va San Diu.
- Thdi gian phan xa thinh giac - van dpng ludn Idn han so vdi thdi gian phan xa thj giac - van dpng d ea hpe sinh dan toe Kinh va San Diu.
T A I LIEU THAM K H A O
1. 0 6 Cong Huynh va cs (1997), Nghien CLPU chi s l IQ va thdi gian phan xa cam giae - van dpng 6' thanh thilu nien tuli tu' 6 - 1 8 tuoi d Nam san bay Bien Hda, B i e san bay Bien Hda va xa Van Phue-Ha Ddng-Ha Tay, Dy an nghien CLPU Y - sinh hpe, Dy an Z1, Bp QuIc Phdng, Hpe vien Quan y.
2. Mai Van Hu-ng (2002), Nghien cu'u thdi gian phan xa earn giae - van dpng ciia sinh vien trudng Trung hpc Su pham Thanh Hda, Tap chi Sinh ly hpe 1:19-23.
3. Nguyin Dinh Khoa (1975), Phuang phap thing ke va u'ng dung trong sinh hpe, Trudng Oai hpe t i n g hgp Ha Ngi.
4. Ta Thiiy Lan (1992), Sinh ly t h i n kinh tre em, Trudng Dai hoc Su pham. Ha Npi.
5. Ta Thuy Lan (2007), Sinh ly hpc thin kinh.
Tap II- Sinh ly hoat dpng thin kinh eip eao, NXB Dai hpe Su pham.
6. Tran Thj Loan (2002), Nghien cu'u mpt s l chi s l t h i lye va tri tue eiia hpe sinh tu' 6 - 17 tuoi tai quan C i u Giiy- Ha Npi, Luan an Tiln sT Sinh hpe, Trudng Dai hpe Su pham Ha Npi.
7. Nghiem Xuan Thang (1993), Anh huang eua moi trudng ndng khd va ndng i m len mpt s l ehi tieu sinh li d ngudi va dpng vat.
Luan an PTS Sinh hpe, Trudng Dai hpe Su pham Ha Npi I.
SUMMARY
The sensation-motor reflex time of Kinh and San Diu pupils aged 11 - 15 in Vinh
Phuc province
Nguyen Thi Bich Ngoc, Ta Thuy Lan Ha Noi University of Education
The goal of this process was detenminded the reflex time of some ethnic minority pupils mountainous area in North Vietnam . The study was conducted with 1205 Kinh pupils and 600 San Diu pupils aged from 11 to 15.
The result have been shown that there was a gradually reduction in the sensation - motor reflex time of pupils aged from 11 to 14 and a stability at age of 15. The sensation - motor reflex time of male and female Kinh pupils was 357.11ms and 368.49ms respectively at 11 years old, decended to 315.12ms and 325.26ms at 14 years old, stable in 316.47ms and 329.31ms at 15 years old. The sensation - motor reflex time of male and female San Diu pupils was 369.17ms and 383.25ms respectively at 11 years old, decended to 337.41ms and 355.31ms at 14 years old, stable in 339.32ms and 356.21ms at 15 years old. The auditory reflex time- activity of male and female Kinh pupils was 366.51ms and 380.02ms at 11 years old, decended to 314.18ms and 336.38ms at 14 years old, stable in 325.73ms and 346.85ms at 15 years old. This index of San Diu pupils is the same with this performed by Kinh pupils, at 1 lyears old: 381.15ms for male and 394.41ms for female, at 14 years old: 345.17ms for male and 359.53ms for female, at 15 years old:
346.85ms for male and 360.18ms for female.
There was a period in which these indexes rapidly reduced in Kinh and San Diu pupils aged from 12 to 14. At the same age, the sensation - motor reflex time in Kinh and San Diu male pupils was shorter than in females'.
The auditory reflex time- activity is longer than that of the visual reflex time - activity in both Kinh and San Diu pupils.