73 type, Clear Selection), to clear all the selections on the management compartment feature class, required for the last two steps. Step five and six involve the export of the data. The
‘Table to Table’ tool in step five creates a geodatabase table of the compartment codes and Treatment field, r emoving the r emaining data. T he input rows is the M Cs feature cl ass, Output Location is the EKZNW_Fire_DSS geodatabase, Output Table: Year Treatments and the Field Map is where the data that are not required is deleted. This results in a table making it easy to update the excel spreadsheet in the future. Step six utilises the ‘Table to dBase’ tool to export the resultant geodatabase table (Input Table) from the previous step to a folder (Output Folder) containing the excel spreadsheet. The output is a dBase (.dbf) table, a format useable in excel.
The user can copy and paste the Treatment Field data into the specific Year column receiving t hat pr escribed bur ning t reatment i n t he ex cel sp readsheet. The Scheduled and Not Burnt entries will be recognised by the Data Validation, and the Years Since Last Burnt (YSLB) column will be updated. During the subsequent year, if there are unplanned fires due to ar son, l ightning, acc idental/runaway or i nvasive t hen t he U ser ca n open t he ex cel document and change the affected compartments to the treatment that occurred. This will automatically update the YSLB and will reflect on the ArcMap document.
74 Table 3.4: Data types and description within the EKZNW_Fire_DSS geodatabase.
3.5.1 Fire Regimes
The fire regimes for each altitudinal belt based on percentage area burnt and y ears since last burnt was determined by specialists and workshops with Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife (Fig.
3.13 and Table 3.5). There is the ecologically ideal, minimum and maximum percentage area burnt for each altitudinal belt in terms of how many years it has been since the compartments, found i n each bel t, hav e been b urnt. This was based on t he hi storical fire regime of the area, the ecological requirements of the flora and fauna communities and past scientific research co nducted in t he area (e.g. Everson and T ainton (1984); Killick (1963);
Rowe-Rowe and Lowry (1982)).
Feature Name Type Description
Management
Compartments (MCs) Feature Class Study site divided into the UDP-WHS managerial compartments
MCs subdivided by
Altitudinal Belts Feature Class UDP-WHS management compartments subdivided by the three altitudinal belt
Altitudinal Belts Feature Class The three altitudinal belts found in the study site, i.e. Alpine, Sub-Alpine and Montane
Management
Compartments _Annotated
Annotation Feature Class
Annotated labels of each subdivided MC:
percentage area.
Precautions Feature Class, Table and Relationship Class
A feature class of precautions/ special attention found with UDP-WHS including images and fire treatment suggestions.
Fire_EDSS Toolbox Toolbox containing the two models required in the EDSS
Ideal, Min and Max
(Specific Altitudinal Belt) Tables
Three tables per altitudinal belt of ideal,
minimum and maximum % area burnt per Years Since Last Burnt (YSLB)
Selection_ Specific
Altitudinal Belt Feature Classes Temporary prescribed burning selection for each altitudinal belt (outputs of a model run)
75 Table 3.5: Fire regime parameters for each altitudinal belt in terms of percentage area burnt and years since last burnt (YSLB)
YSLB Montane (%) Sub-alpine (%) Alpine (%) Ideal Min Max Ideal Min Max Ideal Min Max
1 30 7 45 20 10 40 0 0 5
2 35 5 39 30 8 35 5 0 8
3 15 3 30 25 6 30 5 0 10
4 10 3 22 15 4 22 5 1 12
5 5 2 15 5 2 15 5 2 15
6 2 1 10 2 1 9 10 3 18
7 2 1 7 1 0 5 10 4 21
8 1 1 5 1 0 3 10 5 25
9 0 0 2 0.5 0 2 20 5 30
10 0 0 2 0.5 0 1 30 5 35
0 10 20 30 40 50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
% of area
YSLB
Sub Alpine (1800 - 2800 m a.s.l.)
0 10 20 30 40 50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
% of area
YSLB Alpine (> 2800 m a.s.l.) 0
10 20 30 40 50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
% of area
YSLB
Montane (< 1800 m a.s.l.)
Ideal Minimum Maximum
Figure 3.13: Fire r egime parameters for each altitudinal bel t i n t erms of per centage ( %) area burnt and years since last burnt (YSLB) per burning period (per annum). The hatched bars are the i deal per centage ar ea to be bur nt per y ear si nce l ast bur nt. The so lid and dotted lines are the maximum and minimum percentage area.
76 3.5.2 Annotation
The percentage area and years since last burnt (YSLB) of each management compartment is required while making decisions regarding where to burn. Therefore these data needs to be visually represented on the layout. The management compartments are labelled with the expression [Percentage_Area] & " "& "%". These labels were converted to annotation with a reference scale of 1:100 000 and stored in the EKZNW_Fire_DSS geodatabase (Fig. 4.4).
The annot ated l abels are a se parate feature r elated t o t he m anagement co mpartment feature. Therefore t he l abel ex pression can be ch anged to i nclude more i nformation. The other label is the YSLB, using the expression [YSLB] & " "& "YSLB" (Fig. 4.4). The scale range w as set to not sh ow l abels when zoomed out bey ond 1: 150 000 to pr event den se clustering of labels at smaller scales.
3.5.3 Precautions
The uKhahlamba Drakensberg Park contains various elements resulting in World Heritage Site status, these elements include archaeological relicts, cultural significance and endemic and r are sp ecies. To maintain and co nserve t his unique region, sp ecial m anagement objectives are required for various aspects associated with these elements (e.g. campsites, rock art sites, fire-sensitive species) to prevent damage and/or loss.
A feature class, ‘Precautions’, was created containing these elements. This was created to alert the deci sion makers that t here i s a po tential pr ecaution w ithin t hat management compartment. The element is displayed with a marker that the decision makers can select and display a window with all the required additional i nformation of t hat specific el ement including an image, (Fig. 3.14) and a descriptive .pdf document. The exact location of Rock Art si tes are not di splayed i n any of t he de cision su pport system i mages within t his dissertation due t o the sensitive nature of the data and t o ensure the future archaeological integrity of the si tes. Therefore depi ction o f si tes and asso ciated l ocations within t his dissertation is purely fictional and are used for operational purposes.
77 Additional information related to these specific elements is required to help decision makers in pr escribed bur ning management deci sions. D isplaying t his information i s achieved through the use o f ‘Attachments’. T his allows for addi ng files to i ndividual f eatures in numerous formats (e.g. PDFs, i mages, docu ments). A ttachments ar e si milar t o hy perlinks but allow the association of multiple files, storing of the attached files in a geodatabase and viewing o f t hese files in num erous ways. The feature cl ass has t o be within an A rcGIS version 10 geodatabase, namely ‘EKZNW_Fire_DSS’. The geodatabase was a 9.3.1 version and had t o be upg raded by right cl icking i n t he A rcCatalog t ree under t he g eneral t ab o f properties and selecting ‘Upgrade Geodatabase’. To add information, the ‘attachments’ had to be enabl ed on t he feature class in the ArcCatalog. This enabling created a new table to contain attachment files and a new relationship class to relate the features to the attached files. The creation has to be done outside of an editing session, whilst adding attachments to the feature must be done during an editing season. Adding files has to be done during an editing se ssion, found i n t he ‘Attributes’ section (Editor t oolbar). T he f eature m ust be selected, and the files added through the ‘Attachment Manager’. The data added can include an i mage o f t he pr ecaution el ement, l abels, ar ea and su ggested prescribed bu rning technique .pdf (Fig. 3.14). The at tachments ar e stored in t he g eodatabase t able and Figure 3.14: HTML popup display window showing precautions for sensitive area, i.e. rock art sites, within the uKhahlamba Drakensberg Park World Heritage Site
78 therefore do not have a link to the original source and can be used from different computers.
To view this information on map layout, the HTML pop-up tool is used, which is found on the EKZNW FDSS toolbar.
3.5.4 Toolbar
A new toolbar ‘EKZNW FDSS’ was created in the ‘Customize Mode’ menu which opens the toolbar dialog box. It was developed to house all t he t ools that were r equired in se lecting management compartments requiring prescribed burning (Fig. 3.15; Fig. 4.4).
Figure 3.15: The ‘EKZNW’ toolbar in theuKhahlamba Drakensberg Park World Heritage Site (UDP- WHS) ArcMap document.