TABLE TIF C:I:II'¡TENT:i
Chapten tlhaF ter
Ëhap ter'
Chap ter
tlhapten Chapter
Ëhap ter
tìhapter' Chapter Chapter
1:
4:
a
ltt :
Moder'n l"len Reach Kangåptro I sl and lgutr-1Ê09
E,ealirrg, Ëalt Ëathering and Salitanv l4en
1 Ë1 B -1824
Untr'ff i c i a.l Settl ers 1Ë25-1S-?.4
The First 0+f icial Settlement on Ka.rrgar'oo
Ieland 1g:{d
The Fai lune of the South AuEtral ian E:ampan/ Settl emerrt 1Ê13.5-1Ê43
Ëmuggì eFs, Squat ter= arrd .Ëurv e'f arE-
1 944- I ã52
Sheep and 5h i prarreckE 1Ë53-1Ë-åÊ
5e t t I er'=., Churche.-. and Schc'oì :. 1.qéü-l Ll¡.:i
Squatter=, Pastar'a.l ists and Selectors 1Ê70-rg¡v
Land Leg i sl ¡.t i on and the Prsc I amat i on
n{ Llounc i I =. 1ÉLlü-19?û
ShipFin.-r ta K.I. lEilt-1'ã41:l
Sh i pF'i ng ts H. I . l B4rl-194F
.Shippinlr ta K.I. lg5tl-185'7 Shipp¡nE to H.I. 1F'srJ-tg6?
5,4. Co Property c'n H.I. l'lc'r¿enrL'er 1838
Fastoraì Leeees Held Dur'ing LÉ74 F+sttr'i'al Leaee= Èrr K.L l.q50-1131r?
L*nd U=e Bn K.I. lÐ50-19-/rl r-rap=. Gn H'I. lË=1-IBFL:I
tlr'op YieldE on K.I. lL?=?-lSFrl
Li,"'eç.tocþ; [rlumþers tr,n H.I. tË59-1El?Ll Hundr'ed of Dudley, f:aunty ,rf Carnåruon Fastan;\l LeaE.e:, on H.I. in lEtE'3
Po=.ta.ì Rnute= c'n H.I. in 1Ê44
Page
3rl 53
ÉLl
1[7
.1.-a-1
L '=/
?14
?43 275
?fr4
?a?
?:+ll
?a?
2-/7 2Fg 303 3[til
Str 5
i-lü -i
307
3rt 5,
31 L]
511 Concl uei on
A¡,pendix 1:
II FJ.
À'
ll -_¡ .
"
4:It E¡
J.
I U.l.
" 7:
" Ë:
" P:
" ltl:
" ll:
" 1?:
I lã.¡Ér¡
"
14:Bibl iagr.aphy:
KANGAROO ISLAND 18OO - 1890
THEI''IE
This history outl ines th* development e{ å. Kangaroo
Island society with a distinct senga of identity. It diecuÊËeE in particular iElanders' oFinions of govËnnment pol ic ies and att i tudeç, and the ir neå.ct ions to EEt/Ênnment
deci=.ion-= af{ecting them. It dc,es not cünsider' counter
bal anci ng Adelai de opi nions.
Kangaroa I sl ander=. haue I ong conE i dered themse I ues and thein çociety di-=tinct fram othen South ¡lu-=tnal ianE.
They have alr4ays had -ì strong tnadition af :-tr¡ndv
self-sufficiency. The fir-=t EuroFeånB lo settìe there wÊnp ÊãÊapeÉE {rom their e.nciety, determirr ed ta make I ir¡eç o{ the ir own in the d¡++ icul t isl a.nd enrr ir'onmen t.
Tho-=e u¡ha cE(ma af ter them r.\rÉl'É is.oìated by gÉr-rgraph;v årrd
circumEtance. This pnaduced å ssnEe ol dif+ePence which
Ferã i s.t=- to th i E day.
Islandere haue long Eeìier¡ed that tl-re Is.land'E Ë.trrtsll
FtrrFut at ion and i ta isol at ian a.E- än isl and har¿e f nequentl y led tn the allacation of gaper'nment reeourCes. in [,Jå:r'E' which ha'.¡e neglected Kanganoo Island's special needs.
Yet, t¡h i I e th i=' u iev,¡ has Pemained in the ir
cGnsc i ouEnÊse, ¡ t (.{å.Ê neveF Eo strong that i el andene souqht -=epÂnati,¡n in EvP7y wåT {rom c,ther Au:'tral ian=r Err rantempl.+ted s.euÊnånce a{ the ectrramic I ink:s uJith the old
societies. Ecsrromicallyr islandenE heue
alr¡ayEbeen
a dependent commünity¡ PnoducingeÊsentially for
exporttarrd
Felxing for cemfort, ¡f not {on
suFViualr Én importe.This thesis tnaces the
senseol difference
whichbath island life and its
EeFtat*ateneçsfcom
Adelaide created.DECLARAT I CIN
This thesis containE no material t*¡hich has been
accepted for the au¡ard ef any ather degnee oP diploma in eny Un i vers i ty, end to the Þest of my knor¡rl edge and
hel ief , ¡t cc,ntaine no material previously publ ished or r¡lritten by another pePson! except rrrhen due FPference is made in the text.
The au thor consen tg. to th i e the= i s be i ng made
auailable fon Fhctocopzing and loan i+ accepted {on the at¡.rard o{ the degree.
Jean M. Nunn
A T KI'¡ EII¡I L E O G EI'l ENT S
l4y thanks are due to many people fon thein ualuable ee=.istarrce irr gathen ing and FreFar ing mater ial {or th is
h ietony.
I am indehted ta memberç o{ the Etaf {E c,{ -=.euenal I ibran ie= incl uding the Mi tchel I Library in Sydne;ør the
l'lational Library in ËanheFF¿r, the State Library o{
Ta=-mani¿ in Hobant and the Bann Smith Libnanz in Adelaide. Tha staffE o{ the State LiErary of -Êouth
Auetral i a, the t4on t ì sck L i hnan'¡ and the Ênch i tres of Sc'u th Auç.traliar gave mÉ panticul.srly '.¡aluahle heìp and guid-+nce in my Eearch for necLìpds relating to the eanly
=.ettl*ment of l(an'¡aroo lelarrd.
ttly FÉçpanch in the Þepan tmerr t of La.nds rrå.s made
pl eas:tnt and praduct iue through tl-¡e l-reì p r EG wi I I ingl r girlen, of Tony Doubìet and othenE, DiEcussions I¡rith Jshn
Þallr,.ritz and Êandy l4arsden of the State Heritege Brancht Department of Enuironment årrd Planningr r¡,eFe of mutual :tdt¡antage. Th* ç.ta{{ of the South Au=tnal ian l"lu=-eum and
the Etaf Í rti the 5ou th AuEtnal i an Ar t Gal I erY, i n pant icul ar' l4r.- E. F+r'gher, cr¡rrtr ibuted the ir spec i*l
knor¡.¡l ed'¡e.
Many peaple helped in å ua.riet>'of r^ra;r'E xnd I -enr
gnateful t'¡ l4r R.H. Angae, Þlrs B. Ëea.re, l4r and l'lr=. tlr,l in
Êeì1, t'lr Eorr ald Belì, Þlr' K.T. Er-¡rFc'r¡Jr I'lr' Jr:,hn Elar¡lninEr
l4r'e. Judy Edr¡ra.r'd-.., l'1r' l'1iìton Gaoley of the .5outh
Au=.tr'alian Telecommunicatiane l4u=eum, ÞlrE B.H. Kelly, Dr' Leith l'4acG¡ll¡vFåy, l'1n: E. Millbanl(, l4n Ronald Pan=ons,
l'1r=. J. Ri=,chhieth, Þ'lr å.M. Raw=.ell, trn N.B, Tindale, [¡r John Tregenza r l4ns D. Tre thewey, Dr and l'lns P. Uenco, Dn Joan l¡Je I ch ar¡d 0r John '/oung.
¡'4y thesis could not haue been r*rritten r¡rithaut the
coÉpenatian and suppont ,:f my family and friends. l,ly hus.band, Ron, =-har'ed m:v enthusi-r=m and entrc'ur'aged ml'
absonption in reseanch End t.rriting. He gàtre pn.ì¡:tical help which enaEled me to cc'ntrentrate on thie r¡ork. l'4y son, Graham, crlnu inced mE that I coul d and Ehoul d u=Ê a r¡Jr-rr-d Fr'tr'cpÊ.---c¡r' to t¡ritÊ my thesis arrd this pr'c,ued to he
en inualuable tool . l4'/ {amily all encounaged me to
pPr'EÊr.rPt-É.
I ca.nnat ÉKFrÊE=. adequatelf my thanl(=. to my
EUFeruisor, Bill Gammaçe, f¡r hi= patient and painstal(ing guidance while I worked Ên tl-ris. tl-reç.i=.. He gåue ËÉrrJFrd aduice r¡hen I struggìed and pncGUnagement when nry
con{idence {lagged.
Finall>'I mu:.t Fåy triEute to thc,=-e Kangaron IEland pianeens r¡rhû 'cÂme t'¡ I i{e' for me r¡¡hile I r.esÉarched and
t,,rrote th is thesi=.. ThÉ}. r¡JprÉ ml. in.-F inat ian and it iE ta them, and th*in descendant=, that I offer these pågeÉ.
I
L
.f
4
LiEt of Iì ìustr'atic'ne
l'latthet.r l.lichcl¡.ç.
Fl i nders Baudi n
Por t i an of hand-made Dom i no P i ece
Sketch c,f a [,,load Hnue.e, fell doc'r'ç' end
r,,rindot"ls, "f or South Austr'al ia 183ó T.H. Beare
.lc,l-r n tJhite, "l.lear the Fianeer'=' Anchar'âQÊr I'lepean Ba¡*r Hanga.roo IsIgnd"
Rot'e r t an d t'lar'y Th om.lg
Emile Eoua.rguPr "Ile de=- Kangar'ouc-r'r r: 1840 Fo'l i ce Comm i =.ç. i aner' Al exander Tal men
tJa.ì ter G. J'la.s.on , " Ca.F,E tJ i I ì oughbr', Ke.nQäFoo I=.land", c 1Ê55
Stunt Light, Cape tÂlilloughbY
Paçre
la
8a
é3a 83a 93a
?? e.
I 28a
I 33a
l5l a
151b
l60a
I é6a
I ó8a
I é?a
I 73a
174e.
I BBa I ?Cta
l71a
5
6 7
I
7
10.
11.
12. M.¡.ry Seymour' and her daughten King=.cate Henny l¡Jal I en's Gr'aue,
Pi oneen Cemeteny
l'lichael f,alnan
Hope Cattage bui I t hy Calnan Érother=' 13.
14.
15.
1'5.
21 .
LL.
?¿l
tÀ|. Le i gh Osma.n I i ,
l''lou emhe r
Fl inders
teme t e r'l'
"Enca.mpment af
ter'
the D'EstreeBa/r
Kangaroo2?,
1853Light, Eape Bor'dar Fi.I
at Ha.r'ueys Retur'n, K.I
l,,lr.eclt a{ the
I sì and" ,
1É. Gl ouer', R.E,,
I =l end" , 1 878
" CaF e Bor ds. r Kan gar c,r-r
I ?, Thoma.s La=.hme.r''-.. t^le I I
Perrneshat^, E¡ i çtr' i c t 20. Ficneer'Cottage
AuquEtus Reer¿e=
Reeues Homestead
Jnhn l¡J i cl¡,ha.m Daw
"Fir'Et Hames.tead a{ the Dar¡l Famill'at lrlepean
Ea.;v, Kanga.r'oo Island", lBó0 I 92a
Ê5. Tl¡e Excauatian in the rnck at the toFt a{ the
cl iff nesr Point Tinl ine
2å. Thre=.hinq Floor'l.lear' D'Estnee Eay I 95a
.¿_f .
28, I 9óa
2?. Kangar'oo Ieland, FioneÉFË' Home.(n.d')
30, Fenneshat,l Ceme tÉry l?7a
31 . Thr'eshing Floor PenneEhat¿ District 1î8a i2. Thr'eshing Flc,or'neår'Pelican Lagoon l??a 33. An eanly uiew a{ christmas cove, Penneshaw. ZDâa.
34 . 1'1r' a.n d Ì4r'E Joh n H i r's t 230 e
3F. t,lil I ia.m Holme= Ha.mil ton ?4?b 36. A. Scot t Erca.d, "The f ir's't Etone l-rcruÉ'P erec ted
in South Auç'tralie (built hv Geor'ge Batest
f i=hpFfrråFr, ) Gn Kanga.r'on I =ì and" , 255a 37. Old George "FinebaìI" Bates 25óa '-18. l..J i
=.anger' Far'menç.' A=.e.emhl y Ronm 2ó0a :19. Pioneer' Cattage [^lisanger' Distrirt 24la
¿10. Fr'eç.ton T. Bell
41 . ,-lohn Tur'ner ,rnd h i E home a.t Sm i th'E Bay
42. Llueens.cli{{e Hntel, Kinq=cote 26?a
43. E¡.rly Settìer's' Eullnck Tea.m
q4. f:amp -3cene at l,rleç.ter'n Riuer 5i I r.rer t4ine 264a Il luetr'ations numbenecl 10, 12, 15, 19, 2O, ?2, 31r 32'
:!Ê and 39 r¡.rere taken by,Ic,hn t¡allr¡.ritz and reFraduced b¡* trour tes)' af State Her i tage Bnanch , Depar tmen t of
Enu i r'oñmerr t and Pl ann i ng r S.A.
I I I ustrat ions numbened ?l , 23, 27, 35, 40, 4l and 42 å're {r'am The Gyclopedia o{ Sc,uth Austral ia, Uolume 2'
I I ì ustrat ions numb'ered 14 and 23 ar-e f rom Pastonal Fianeers a{ -south Austnal ia, LJolume ?.
I I I ue.tra.t ionE numbered 13, 14, ?å and 28 ànP f nom the
auther'E er/,rn cal lection.
Richard f,ha.pman
Ruinç. o{ Har'riet Hame:.tead
Li=.t of l4aos
Page
1. l"latthew Flinden:-' Cl-rant of Kangarao
I =l and's I'lor th Caas.t I S02. 7h
:-1. Su ther'l and's Char t and Tnack Acr'oçs
Fiangar'oa I sl and, I gl9. 40h
4. Light's :-ìl<etch of I'lepee.n Bâv! 183ó. ?0b 5, The Tr'*cl¡, of the "Afr'icainP'ç." FaËs.PnqeF=-t
t.lov. lEt to 10th 183ó. 1D0b'
ó. S.A. Compån¡"=. Flan af Kirrgscote.
Shoa.l Be.y e.nd Cygnet Ri\rerr lg3ó. ltzb 7. t.liìliam f.he=.:.er', Kangar'oc' I=ìa.nd, 1838. llBt' B. l¡lilliam Ches=er', l.lepean Bavr 1838. llBc
Ê. Pa:.tnr'*l Flerr 1874. Él4t'
lû. Fr'opoçed llnunty Cannårvon and Proposed
Hundred af Dudì et', 1874. 2l ?b
11 . F ir'st Suruey Hundred of Þudl ev, le76 2l?r- 12. l{anr¡ar oo I =-l and Larrd Hol d i rrçt=. r 1Ê76. 223b 13. Fr'oposed Hundred aÍ Menz i ee, 1877 . 224b 14. SaF,Fthir'etc,r¿.rn, Thomae.' Homestead' 225b
1 5. Hundr ed of Dudl ey. 245b
1c'. Hundr'ed of l'lenzies. 24Át'
L7 . Propased Hundred of Ha i nes, I 880 . 24Éc tÊ. Fr'npc,ç.ed Hundr'ed of Ca.eeini, 1gg2- 247b
19. Hundred c,f Ha. i nes. 247c
?[, Hundr'ed o{ f:ag'sini 24Bh
21 , Tr¡t.ln e.t Pinery [Brou,.lnlor¡r], 248c 2e. 'Ior.,-rn et l4a.:rr,.rell. Hundr'ed a{ l4enziee. 24?h
¿-¿t.
24.
¡Jq
7,5.
Pa=. t or'a I F a=. t or'a l
Haìdines. l{.I..
Fl an tJithdr'e.v.rn
1850-1889.
t87?
Pastora.l Fl an l,J i thdnat.Jn l8?2
K.=rr ç¡a.r'oo Island - l4oder'n placÊ nÀme=. and
{ormeP equ i ual en tE
265b
Irr Pncket
I n Packe t
I n Pocke t
Ahb uiå.tionç.
ÊPFS Angas PaPens Fol i o Ser i es AFL-IS Anga=' Papere Quar to Ser i eg
AONSIÁJ Arch i ues O{{ i ce of New Sou th l¡Je'l es
Ë.|^J.4.
c,yc. o
DL....
H. R.A.
H. R.þ1.
HTÊ. . .
K.I...
t{.I.c.
L.T. E'.
l'.lL ÞILËA P},I8.
PRESA PRS.
FRGS RAHS
S.A. Co. . . 5.4.
t.
R.SAtiG SAPtt SAPP SAR.
sG. .
Countny t¡Jomen "- AE=.oc i at i an Ërclapedia of Snuth AuEtnal ia
Department of Lands, South Augtnal i'r
H i ston i caì Reconds of Austral i a
HiEtorical Records of Ner¡ Ëouth t"'lale='
Hobant Town Gazette Kangaroa I sl and
Kanganoo I sl and Cour i er
Land Titles El{{ice, Adeìaide
14i tchel I LibraPYr SYdneY
l4ar t I c,ck L i brary of Sau th Au=-tral i ana Pacif ic ManuscriPts Bureau
publ ic Recond 0{f ice of S¡_,uth Austral i a
Pnoceedinçts o{ Rayal Society aÍ Scuth Austnal i a
Proceedi nçrs of Rayal Getlr-JnaFh i cEl Soc i ety of South AuEtnal i a
Royäì Austnal i an Hi stor i cal Sac i etv Journal
Scuth Austral ian tamPanY
South AuEtnal ian ËomPanY RePant
,Sc,uth Auetr'al iarr Ëûuernment Éazette
. Søu th Austnal i an Pan I i amen tarY
DeÞates
South ÈuEtnal ian Panl iamentary Papers
Ëou th Austnal i an Reg i e'ter Sydney Lìazette
+
S.AS .l¡J .
