Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4 Western Australia, Series 4
Volume 3
Number 9 1962 Article 12
1-1-1962
Australian tractor tests : International A554D : report on test no.
Australian tractor tests : International A554D : report on test no.
36 (farmers' edition) 36 (farmers' edition)
G H. Vasey W. F. Baillie
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Recommended Citation Recommended Citation
Vasey, G H. and Baillie, W. F. (1962) "Australian tractor tests : International A554D : report on test no. 36 (farmers' edition)," Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4: Vol. 3: No. 9, Article 12.
Available at: https://library.dpird.wa.gov.au/journal_agriculture4/vol3/iss9/12
This article is brought to you for free and open access by the Agriculture at Digital Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4 by an authorized administrator of Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected].
AUSTRALIAN TRACTOR TESTS
INTERNATIONAL A554D
REPORT ON TEST No. 3 6 (FARMERS' EDITION)
TESTED FOR INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY OF AUSTRALIA PTY. LTD.
npHIS Report is taken from the full Technical Report No. 36; results are shown here -*- in briefer form: fuller explanations are added. Values quoted may be rounded out to two instead of three significant figures; to this extent the values may differ slightly but not significantly from those shown in the Technical Report. Some values are taken from graphs shown in the Technical Report, which are not shown here. The Technical Report is not available in large numbers, but it may be seen at, and copies of this farmers' report may be had from, the offices of the State Departments of Agriculture, the Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations (Queensland), and the Com- monwealth Department of Primary Industry.
1. THE TESTS After r u n n i n g - i n , three types of tests Note: The tests are now carried out were carried out, in order to measure the under a procedure in which t h e m a i n tests performance of the engine, as directly of engine performance are done directly measured by t h e power in t h e engine on t h e engine itself (removed from t h e crankshaft (shaft horse-power, shp), the tractor for the purpose), a n d not t h r o u g h performance of the power outlets, m e a s - the belt pulley. ured on t h e pto a n d belt pulley a t their
The belt outlet h a s been a b a n d o n e d as proper speeds, and the performance of the the m a i n test a t several overseas testing tractor as a whole, as measured by drawbar stations in favour of tests on t h e engine pull, tractor speed, wheel slip, and draw- itself (Germany) or on t h e pto (Nebraska b a r horse-power (dbhp), with t h e tractor and British S t a n d a r d tests). r u n n i n g on a bitumen test track.
The Australian Tractor Testing Committee is a joint body established by agreement between the Commonwealth, the States, and the Universiy of Melbourne; under this agreement, the tests are carried out by the University of Melbourne. The address of the Tractor Testing Committee is: C/o Department of Primary Industry, 301 Flinders Lane, Melbourne.
T h e m a i n results of t h e s e tests are given in Sections 2 a n d 3. Other m e a s u r e m e n t s a n d observations were m a d e of various features of t h e t r a c t o r ; t h e s e are given in Section 5.
2. SUMMARY OF POWER OUTPUT Table A (See n o t e ( a ) below)
Belt ! Draw- Pulley bar
Full power—h.p.*
At engine speed—r.p.m Fuel economy—lb./h.p.-hr.
Fuel consumption—Ib./hr.
Fuel consumption—gal./hr.
56-9 1,800
0-46 26-4
3 - 2 54-0 (b) 1.800
0-48 2 6 1
3 - 2 51-7 (c)l,800
0-51 26-3
3 - 2 50-8
1,800 0-54 27-0
3 - 3
• M a n u f a c t u r e r ' s declared r a t i n g : 55 h p m l n .
Rated Speed—1,800 r p m .
Fast Idling Speed required to give full power a t r a t e d engine speed—1,920 rpm.
C r a n k s h a f t Torque—at r a t e d speed, 166 lb ft; m a x i m u m 189 lb ft a t 1,100 r p m . Best Economy—0.44 l b / s h p - h r a t 85%
load a t about 1,200 r p m .
(a) Observed values, n o a t m o s p h e r i c corrections applied t o dlesel e n g i n e s .
(b) E n g i n e speed required t o give British Standard p t o speed of 540 rpm.
(c) S e e n o t e i n s e c t i o n 7 ( 3 ) .
3. DRAWBAR TESTS
(1) T h e following Tables B. C. a n d D, show t h e d r a w b a r p e r f o r m a n c e of t h e tractor, on t h e b i t u m e n test t r a c k , on r e a r tyres 18.4 x 30, carrying m a x i m u m weight (2,530 lb. front, 7,290 lb. r e a r ; t o t a l 9,820 lb.), working in t h e gears n a m e d in t h e tables. Height of d r a w b a r 20 inches.
D r a w b a r tests, using unballasted weight of t r a c t o r (6,920 lb.), were carried out, b u t are not r e p o r t e d h e r e .
Table B.—Maximum Power, Rated (3rd) Gear
Observed maximum dbhp at rated engine speed
TABLE C.—Pull a t M a x i m u m d.b.h.p.
All gears, rated engine speed. See note (f)
Gear
1 2 3 4
DBHP
45 49 5 1 51
Pull lb.
7,610 5,350 4,140 3,410
Speed m.p.h.
2-23 3-46 4-60 5-64
Wheel Slip o/ /o
15 8 5 4 Koad gear, not tested
Table D.—Fuel Consumption, Various Loads, Rated (3rd) Gear
Pull Percent.
of full load
Speed
m.p.h. DBHP Slip
%
Fuel
Gal./hr. lb./dbhp hr.
1,690 ....
2,470 ....
3,080 ....
3,740 ....
40 6 0 75 90
5 0 5 4-92 4-84 4-74
23 32 40 47
1 2 3 4
1-9 2 - 4 2 - 7 3 1
0-70 0-60 0-56 0-54 (d) DBHP is the product of p u l l (lb.) a n d speed ( m p h ) divided b y 375.
(e) Wheel slip can be measured b y n o t i n g t h a t , i n travelling a g i v e n distance, t h e back w h e e l s m a k e m o r e turns w h e n working u n d e r load t h a n w h e n r u n n i n g w i t h n o load on t h e drawbar. T h e differences i n t h e s e revolution c o u n t s divided by t h e former c o u n t g i v e s t h e slip as a ratio, w h i c h c a n b e w r i t t e n as a p e r c e n t a g e (quoted i n t h e s e tables t o t h e nearest w h o l e n u m b e r ) . (f) These are not t h e m a x i m u m pulls available i n t h e gears (i.e., n o t the m a x i m u m s u s t a i n e d p u l l s ) , b u t t h e pulls at m a x i m u m db power, i.e., at full e n g i n e power at rated engine speed.
(2) T r a c t o r Weights (lb.)
Weight Condition Front Hear Total
Standard (h)
Full weight, heaviest recom- mended (i)
Includes—
Water ballast (lb./wheel) ....
SoUd ballast (lb./wheel) ....
2,380 2,530 75 40
4,900 7,290 715 620
7,280 9,820 7 9 0 660
(h) Weight a s usually sold.
(1) Weight of tractor In drawbar t e s t s q u o t e d In t h i s report.
(3) Wheels and Tyres
Tyres Type Size Pressure
Front Rib
7-50 1 16, 6-ply 36 p.s.i.
Rear Open centre bar tread 18-4 x 30, 6-ply 16 p.s.i.
4. THE: T E S T T R A C T O R
(1) T h e test t r a c t o r was chosen a t r a n d o m from t h e c u r r e n t r u n of p r o d u c - tion by a representative of t h e Victorian 742
Wheat and Woolgrowers Association. The t r a c t o r was r u n - i n for 12 h r s . a t t h e testing station.
(2) Fuel Settings.—The engine of t h i s t r a c t o r h a s only one fuel setting, a t which all t h e tests were carried out.
(3) Governor Control.—The engine was under t h e control of t h e governor set to give full power a t rated engine speed.
(See Section 2 above, fast idling speed).
(4) Fuel.—Distillate, Diesel I n d e x 66, Specific Gravity 0.82; weight per Imperial gallon 8.20 lb.
(5) Specification.—Engine No. AD264- 12252. See also Section 7.
5. OTHER OBSERVATIONS (1) Duration of Test.—65 h o u r s , includ- ing r u n n i n g - i n .
(2) Repairs and Adjustments.—As p a r t of preliminary r u n n i n g a n d a d j u s t m e n t was m a d e on t h e "torque control" setting of t h e fuel p u m p .
(3) Engine.—Fuel p u m p setting checked
—within specified limits.
Radiator water used—none.
Lubricating oil—S.A.E., 30.
Weight to engine, 19.8 lb.;
Weight from engine after tests, 13.8 lb.
(4) Steering.—With t r a c k widths, front 54", r e a r 641", wheel base 76£":
Turning circles: Without brakes, 29' 0"
L.H., 28' 7" R.H.; with brakes, 22' 9" L.H., 23' 9" R.H.
Comment: Easy to steer u n d e r load, sensitive to steering wheel; power assisted.
(5) Centre of Gravity, with t r a c t o r in s t a n d a r d weight condition b u t n o t includ- ing driver, 4 i " above and 25J" forward of rear axle.
(6) Driver's Accommodation.—Access to seat, from rear, either side. With seat in most forward position steering wheel
impedes access to seat. Footroom a n d support: flat top of transmission housing, foot plates either side; rear platform for s t a n d - u p working. Seat: permanently upholstered dish seat with fixed back rest, mounted on a r m pivoted forward, a n d suspended on coil spring a n d damper.
Seat can be tilted to alternative higher riding position or folded back for weather protection. Whole assembly c a n be set central or 15° to left or right. Accessibility to controls: all controls readily accessible.
Pedals 25" a p a r t a n d 6" below loaded seat.
R e a c h for operation of pedals may be difficult for short people.
Noise: sound pressure level measured at t h e driver's h e a d in open field (tractor fitted with prototype spark a r r e s t e r / muffler now declared to be s t a n d a r d fitting)—
at full power, rated speed—102 u n i t s ; a t fast idling speed—98 units.
The special unit Is the decibel (db) of pressure com- pared with a base level of virtual silence. The levels quoted above are typical of tractors, which generally are noisy by accepted industrial standards.
(7) Instruments.—Indications were con- sistent t h r o u g h o u t tests.
(8) Inspection of Engine and Trans- mission after Test.—After testing, t h e tractor was partly dismantled and i n - spected and found to be in a satisfactory condition.
(9) Instruction Books.—Adequate.
6. INTERPRETATION OF TESTS (1) Power at Outlets (pto and Belt) Pto and belt outlets should r u n at their recommended speeds, which in this in- stance substantially conform to i n t e r - national s t a n d a r d s . The figures shown in Table A represent t h e powers available at those speeds. (See also section 7 (3).)
(2) Fuel Consumption
Fuel consumption in gals., hour, though a simple unit often quoted h a s little m e a n - ing unless t h e corresponding power o u t - p u t is also quoted. Specific fuel consump- tion ( I b . / h p - h r ) , the weight of fuel con- sumed per unit of energy developed, is a
better guide. T h e u n i t of energy h e r e is t h e h p - h r (similar t o t h e electrical unit, t h e k i l o w a t t - h r ) . W h e n specific fuel con- sumption is least, t h e engine is giving its best economy or efficiency.
Gallons per/hr may be changed to Ib/hp-hr as follows (referring to table A above):
3.2 gals/hr while developing 56.9 hp means 3.2—56.9 gals/shp/hr=0.056 gal./shp/hr.
0.056 gall./shp/hrX8.20 lb/gaUon for this fuel=0.46 lb/shp/hr, as shown.
(3) Drawbar Tests
(i) D r a w b a r tests a r e carried out on a h a r d p r e p a r e d surface. Most field condi- tions p r e s e n t h i g h e r resistance to t h e tractor's motion, so t h a t , in t h e field, t h e m a x i m u m d r a w b a r pulls available in a n y gear will usually be less t h a n those shown in t h e tables.
(ii) Wheel slip m a y also be greater in t h e field; to t h a t e x t e n t t r a c t o r speeds in miles per h o u r in t h e field will be less t h a n those shown in t h e tables.
(iii) Because of (i) a n d (ii) above, t h e d r a w b a r horsepowers available in any gear in t h e field will usually be less t h a n those shown in t h e tables.
7. B R I E F SPECIFICATIONS I n t e r n a t i o n a l A554 D
(Based on Information Supplied by Manufacturers)
(1) Engine—No. AD264-12252.
4-stroke; 4 cylinders, vertical; c r a n k - shaft along t r a c t o r ; indirect injec- tion diesel.
Bore, 4"; stroke 5£"; compression ratio, 16.7 : 1.
Rated speed: 1,800 r p m . Fuel t y p e : Distillate.
Fuel s y s t e m : C.A.V. 4-cyl. in-line p u m p , single hole pintle type i n - jectors. IHC replaceable-element full flow filter. T a n k capacity, 17£
gallons.
Air C l e a n e r : Oil b a t h , centrifugal p r e - cleaner.
Governor: Mechanical, centrifugal, i n - corporated in fuel p u m p .
Electrical system: 12-volt b a t t e r y a n d generator.
S t a r t i n g : Electric, glow plugs i n p r e - combustion chambers.
Cooling: Water (pressure s y s t e m ) , 6- blade fan, p u m p , a n d t h e r m o s t a t . E x h a u s t : Vertical, a h e a d of operator,
effluent upwards.
Lubrication: Oil p u m p , s u m p gauze filter, external full flow replaceable element by-pass filter.
(2) Chassis—
4-wheel; pneumatic tyres. Wheelbase 76i".
Track widths: F r o n t 54"; r e a r 64£".
Tyre sizes: F r o n t 7.50 x 16; r e a r 18.4 x 30.
Steering: Power assisted, worm drive.
Weight: Maximum, 9,820 lb.
(See Section 3 (2) above).
(3) Belt Pulley-
Right h a n d side, forward working.
Diameter 11"; face w i d t h 7£".
Speed (at 1,800 r p m engine s p e e d ) , 1,115 rpm.
Belt speed a t 1,800 r p m engine speed is 3,212 ft./min.; t h i s differs slightly from overseas s t a n d a r d s (namely, 3,100±100 fpm). Belt speed would be 3,100 fpm a t 1,740 r p m .
(4) Power Take-Off—
Centre rear; anti-clockwise; 2 9 i "
above ground; guarded.
Speed: a t 1,800 r p m engine speed, 543 rpm," in accordance w i t h overseas s t a n d a r d s (namely, 536 ± 10 r p m ) . Dimensions: 6 spline, If" diameter.
Independent drive, h a n d o p e r a t e d over-centre clutch.
(5) Drawbar—Swinging—9 positions across.
Height, as tested, 20". adjustable, 16", 18", 20". Removal of swinging d r a w - bar leaves fixed d r a w b a r .
(6) Transmission—Conventional gears.
Clutch: 12" single dry plate.
Gear rations and road speeds (assum- ing no wheel slip) on 18.4 x 30 tyres, at rated engine speed, as advertised
(see table).
(7) Hydraulics—Optional, not fitted.
(8) Three-point Linkage—Optional, not fitted. Conforms to BS 1841-1951, Category 2.
Gear ....
Batto*...
Speed m.p.h.
Forward 1
114-7 2-6
2 80-5
3-7 3 61-9
4-3 4 51-1
5-8 5 18-3 16-1
Beverse
63-3 3-4
* Includes Differential 3-27, Final drive 5-62.
U n i v e r s i t y of M e l b o u r n e December 1961
G. H. VASEY, Officer i n C h a r g e T r a c t o r T e s t i n g .
W. F . BAILLIE.
Tractor T e s t i n g Officer,
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