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OF LYMPH NODES OF SHEEP AND LAr1BS:
A STUDY OF NORMAL SHEEP AND THOSE WITH ARTHRITIS
A THESIS PRESENTED IN PARTIAL ( 20%)
FULFILMENT OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY IN
VETERINARY PATHOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTH AT MASSEY UNIVERSITY,
NEW ZEALAND
SHUTANG,YAO 1986
1 SUMMARY
N i n eteen g roups of l ymph nod e s from s i x Romney ewe s a n d s i x fema l e l ambs aged seven yea r s and s i x months re s pe c t i ve l y a s we l l a s 50 pop l i teal l ymph node s from furt her 2 5 l ambs we re exami ned .
The s i ze , we i ght a n d s hape of e a c h node wa s mea s u red a n d recorded . We ight wa s found to be t he mo s t objecti ve i nd i rect met hod of d e s c r i b i ng t he s i z e of a
l ymph node .
There wa s a wi de range of norma l we i ghts , bot h betwee n l eft and ri g h t l ymph node s from t h e same a n i ma l a n d between t h e s ame node from di ffe ren t
a n i ma l s . I n re trospect , more a n i ma l s s houl d have been exami n e d to determi ne t he extent of t h e s e ra nge s .
The re l at i ve total we i ght of l ymph nodes i n re l at i on to c a rca se we i g ht wa s greater i n l ambs t han i n ewes , and t he jejunal l ymph node s s h owed t he g reatest d i ffere n c e . The d ry ma tter content o f l ymph nodes from l ambs wa s greater than that from ewe s .
Twen ty- s i x s t i fl e and hoc k j o i n t s , wh i c h had been c l a s s i fi ed a s a rt hri ti c by mea t i n s pe c tors , together wi t h t he a s soci ated i ps i l atera l and con tra l atera l popl i te a l a n d med i a l i l i ac l ymph n o d e s were exami ned .
On l y 6 2% of condemned jo i nt s h a d s i gn s of mac roscop i c p a t hol og i ca l c ha n ge .
On l y s i x popl i teal nod e s and one med i a l i l i ac node we re e n l a rged . There wa s no corre l a t i on between en l a rgement of t hese nodes and s i gn s o f d i sease i n t hese s t i fl e o r hock joi n t s .
E v i dence i s p re se nted to s how t hat pathol ogi c a l en l a rgement of l ymph nodes may often be i ndi s t i n g u i s habl e , o n v i s u a l exami n at i on , from n o rma l l ymph nodes a t t he upper l i mi t s o f t he normal ra nge . The se fi nd i ngs have re l evance to a c ri t i ca l e v a l ua t i on of t rad i ti on a l meat i n specti on proce d u re s .
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I wi s h to t han k t he Faculty of Veteri na ry Sci ence at Ma s sey Un i vers i ty for pro v i d i ng me wi t h t he opportun i ty to s tudy fo r t he degree of Ma ster of
P h i losophy .
I wi s h to expre s s my mo st s i n c e re grati tude to my c h i ef s upervi s o r , Pro fe s s o r D . K . Blac kmo re who s o generously gave o f hi s valuable t i me a n d a s s i sted a n d s upported m e t hroughout t he con s t ructi on o f t h i s t he s i s .
I am mo s t gra teful to Or A . S . Da v i e s , my supervi sor, for h i s much
apprec i ated a d v i ce and a s s i stance rega rd i ng a n a tomi cal matters , and h i s most valuable superv i s i on d u r i n g the wo rk o f t h i s t he s i s .
I would also l i ke to expre s s my s i ncere g ra t i tude to Mr . P . Mad i e who made hi mself a v a i lable at all t i mes to p ro v i de a s s i s tance wi th h i s broad knowledge a n d expe r i ence .
My t h a n k s a re als o e xtended to : Or M . R . Alley for p rovi d i ng me wi t h e x peri men tal a n i mals a n d h i s enthu s i a sm towa rd s my study; O r G . V . Petersen for h i s con s t ruct i ve s ugge s t i ons; D r . D . J . Hamp son fo r help i n g me to wo rk out some stati s t i cal f i g u re s; Mrs A. Scott , t he sec retary of the Depa rtment fo r her k i ndne s s of teac h i ng me to operate t he compute r; t he staff at Longburn Freez i ng Wo rks for a s s i s t i n g me wi t h the collecti ng of sample s , a n d all of my fri ends who g a ve me a s s i stance i n one way or a n o t her duri n g t he prepara t i on of t h i s t he s i s .
Fi n ally , I hea rtly thank my wi fe , Xi u Qi n , for her e n c o u ragement and mental A I
s upport , a n d my p a ren t s , pare nts- i n -law , a n d all my relat i ve s fo r t he i r loo k i n g a fter m y two lovely d a ug hters and encourageme n t s duri ng m y e ndeavours i n New Zeala n d .
SUMMARY
ACKNOWLEDGEME NTS GENERAL I NTRODUCT I ON MATE RIALS AND METHODS
CONTENTS
SECTI ON-ONE t10RPHOLOGY AND MORPHOMETRieS OF LYMPH NODE S NORMA L LAMBS AND EWES
RESULTS D I SCUSSI ON
FROM
SECTI ON-TWO THE E F FECTS OF ARTHR I T I S ON THE S I ZE OF POP L I TEAL AND MED I AL I L IAC LYMPH NODES
RESULTS D I SCUSS I ON GENERA L D I SCUSSI ON
RE FE RENCES APPEND I X
Page 1 2 7 1 3
17 17 83
89 89 92 94 96 100
3
Tabl e 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
LIST OF TABLES
Age a n d l i ve a n d carcase we i g hts of l ambs exami ned Age a n d l i ve a n d c a rc a s e we i g hts of ewe s exami ned We i g h t of l ymph nodes of l ambs
We i g h t of 50 popl i teal node s of 2 5 Romney l ambs We i g h t of l ymph nodes of ewe s
Avera g e mea s u reme n t of l ymph node s of l ambs Ave ra g e mea s urement of l ymph nodes of ewe s
Tota l we i g ht o f l ymph n ode s of l ambs and percen tage of body and c a rc a se we i g ht
9 Tot a l we i g h t o f l ymph n odes o f ewe s and pe rcen tage of body and ca rca s e we i g ht
10 Wet a n d d ry we i g hts of l ymph n odes of l ambs 1 1 Wet a n d dry we i g h t s of l ymph n odes of ewe s 1 2 The ma x i ma l d i fferences o f we i ghts (g) of l ymph
n o d e s from s i x l ambs and s i x ewes : A compa ri son of i nt ra a n d i n te r a n i mal d i ffe rence s .
Page 1 7 18 70 7 1 7 2 7 5 7 6
7 8
7 9 8 0 8 1
8 2
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
1 S h a pe of man di bul a r nodes of l ambs a n d ewe s 20 2 S h a pe of pa roti d node s of l ambs and ewe s 22
3 S h a pe of l atera l retropha ryn g e a l nodes of l ambs and ewe s 24 4 S h a p e of medial retropha ryn g e a l nodes of l ambs and ewe s 26 5 S h a pe o f superficia l cervi c a l nodes of l ambs a n d ewe s 28 6 S hape of prope r axil l a ry nod e s of l amb s a n d ewe s
7 S ha pe of pop l iteal nod e s of l ambs a n d ewe s
30 32 8 S ha pe of i s c hi a tic nod e s of l ambs a n d ewe s 34 9 S h a pe of s ubi l ia c nodes of l ambs a n d ewe s 36 10 Shape of medi a l il iac nodes o f l ambs a n d ewe s 39 11 S h a pe o f ren a l nodes of l ambs and ewe s 41 12 S h a pe o f superfici a l inguinal nodes of l ambs a n d ewe s 43 13 S h a pe of l e ft t ra c heobronchia l nodes of l ambs and ewe s 45 14 Shape o f c ra ni a l tracheobro n c hi a l nodes of l ambs and e wes 47 15 S h a pe o f caudal media s tin a l n od e s of l ambs 49 16 S h a pe o f c a u d a l media stinal nodes of ewe s
17 S h a pe o f hepatic nodes of l ambs a n d ewe s 18 S h a pe of co l ic n odes of l ambs a n d ewe s 19 S h a pe o f i l eoco l ic nodes of l ambs a n d ewes 20 S h a pe o f j e j u n a l nodes of l amb 1
21 S h a pe o f j e j u n a l node s of l amb 2
22 S h a pe of j e j u n a l nodes of l amb 3 23 S h a pe of jej u n a l nodes of l amb 4
50 52 54 56 58 59 60 61
5
24 S h a pe of jej u n a l nodes of 1 amb 5 62
25 S h a pe of jej u n a l nodes of l amb 6 63
26 S h a pe of jej una l nodes of ewe 1 64
27 S h a pe of jej u n a l nodes of ewe 2 65
28 S h a pe of jej un a l nodes of ewe 3 66
29 S h a pe of jej u n a l nodes of ewe 4 67
30 S h a pe of jej un a l nodes of ewe 5 68
31 S h a pe of jej u n a l nodes of ewe 6 69
32 Di s t ribution of weight of popl itea 1 l ymph nodes 73 33 Hypotheti c a l dis t ribution of weight of norma 1 a n d a bn o rma 1
pop l itea l l ymph nodes 74
