The following sections describe our assessments of matters relevant to the purpose of the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act. This saying is derived from the eating characteristics of two birds, the cockatoo and the cockatoo.
Pupu Harakeke - Flax Snails
Pepeketua / poraka - Frogs
Mokomoko – Lizards, geckos, skinks
Otaota - Plantlife
Wetland species impacted
The Intrinsic Value of Ecosystems
Manuka and totara (a) are co-dominant in the north-eastern forest area of the site, frequently occurring with karaka and occasional puriri, kowhai, kahikatea and titoki. Other areas of hills in this part of the site include kanuka/manuka forest (e) with frequent rewarewa, tanekaha and mamaku, and occasional totara, while totara forest (f) occurs in a small area with regular kahikatea and occasional rimu and towai.
Public Health
However, most of our marshes are pockets between agricultural lands and therefore we consider them all to be vulnerable to the use of chemicals by application. It is considered that due to the lack of information presented in the application there may be significant negative impacts on the Ngati Hine Marshes.
Ngati Hine te Iwi
A 1994 survey found that cattle had access to areas of the range during the summer. Water is the primary health aid for Ngati Hine to prevent and treat health problems. The use of the proposed chemicals will stop all of the above practices within Ngati Hina.
This will cause a significant negative impact on the health of Ngati Hine people; spiritual degradation, the loss of culture between generations and the loss of an important aspect of our relationship to water.
Drinking and Washing
Some of these are performed or administered in rivers or next to the puna, but many are prepared in the home where the waiora is taken. Our mother, had a special place next to the river where she washed our clothes, there was a beam across the river, and this is where she soaked and soaped the clothes, put them on the flat part of the beam, and with a ' patupatu” a short strong piece of wood, she would bash, bash, bash, the dirt out of the clothes. When everything was cleaned up, we all ran over to the swimming pool just further from the shed, a deep big hole in the river.
Due to the socio-economic situation of the Ngati Hine people living in the kainga, we do not want to burden them further by requiring them to purchase water tanks, filters or manage their water consumption in accordance with the possible spraying of chemicals proposed in .
Swimming
An interesting feature of "Waikaka" was that a small deep and gravelly river flowed from the hills, and the rare fresh water fish "kokopu" was caught there and nowhere else - it was as big as a trout - but I do not remember ever eating it – although he was a treat with the kaumatua visiting our grandparents. No one returned to Waikako or Matakamoe after our grandparents died. One of my uncles who still lives in Opahi told me that the "Te Kokopu" or fresh water fish disappeared when the bushes and trees were cleared and the small stream "kokopu" flooded during every storm.
The Relationship of Maori and their Culture and Traditions
Ancestral Lands
The Northland is a relatively narrow land mass, with no part of Ngati Hine more than 40km from the coast. During his reign, he wrote several books referring to "here tangata, here kurua", the importance of connecting people and connecting the land. One of the hapu of Ngati Hine is called Te Orewai after the children of the Hape who caught the tuna at Opahi and caused the water to stir….
There are at least two hundred known names for papakainga throughout Ngati Hine.5 Many of the names are still used today.
Water
The impact that the application has on the papakainga of Ngati Hine (ancestral lands) is that by allowing the use of chemicals over our waterways, our cultural value to these ancestral lands will be diminished. The proposed use of chemicals over Ngati Hine waterways will impede the use of tapu restrictions in a way that will have a negative impact on the spiritual significance of the waterways and the culture of Ngati Hine. This application will have a significant negative impact on the culture of Ngati Hine by using chemicals over areas of the river considered to be significant due to tuna activities in the area.
The significant negative impact will be the devaluation of Ngati Hine culture, a loss of intergenerational exchange and the degradation of spirituality.
Tohu
Ko te tikanga ka whakamahia nga ara wai hei tohu rohe ki te wehewehe i nga whenua i waenganui i nga whanau, hapu me nga iwi. Ko te pukapuka tenei o te rohe o Te Kopuru e tohia ai nga rohe, mai i I. Waiharakeke, Te Oro, Otiiria, Waikotokoto, Te hautapu, huri whaka te hauauru, haere ki runga i te raina, Apatariki, ka taka ki te awa o Ngawhi, ka tikina i runga i te Apuroa, Tehawera raina, haere, heke iho ka wetekina, ki Hakoko, hono atu ki te raina, me te whanganga i a Haane Wiremu I Pakaraka, i Kora, Mangatete, ka wetekina, ki te Kowhai.
The application will affect all these rivers due to cultural and spiritual degradation due to the use of chemicals in these waterways.
Kaiawa – river food
Breaking in horses
Puru Tuna
We are therefore very concerned about the significant issues this application raises in relation to kaiawa and their potential to have long-term impacts on Ngati Hine. The inventor of what is now called trench warfare is Ngati Hine rangatira Kawiti. And so at Ohaeawai, in the battle against the redcoats, he designed the first battleground using underground trenches and tunnels.
Little is expressed in the application as to whether the chemicals will penetrate puru tuna in Ngati Hine.
Sites
Waahi Tapu
It is especially used when the heart is broken for parting with a lover. This is a very important ceremony that Ngati Hine must allow no further risk due to the high number of suicides associated with a loved one's farewell. When Ngāti Hine Forestry came, the Pākehā decided to build a fence in the middle of the lake or along the lake, knowing that no one would dare to take the fence down because they knew it was sacred more of Ngāti Hine.
The lake was used by Ngāti Hine warriors to cleanse themselves during war.
Other Taonga
Takawhetawheta - writhing, writhing, takawhetawheta na te tuna roto te whiri - the eel writhes in the hole. Nanao tuna, is to put your hand into holes that are underwater in the river bank, and you feel for the eels - the eels are grabbed and thrown on the bank. Along the center of the four bowls is "te aho tapu" - the sacred thread that binds all four.
The application does not state whether the use of chemicals may affect the behavior of the aquatic species mentioned in the maramataka used by Ngati Hine.
The Economic and related Benefits and Costs of Using the Hazardous Substances
Land Based Organic Businesses
Tohunga rongoa collect rongoa plants and other species from the lands and waterways to produce healing tinctures, baths, balms, etc, which they sell in Ngati Hine and further afield. There are currently thirty people enrolled in our local rongoa course which ends at Motatau Marae with at least half of the students supplementing their income at the local rongoa. The above paragraphs demonstrate organic businesses based on Ngati Hine ancestral lands on which the use of chemicals on our waterways would have a negative impact.
Due to the economic impact this application will have on Ngati Hine businesses, we consider it to be significant.
New Zealand’s International Obligations
Precautionary Approach
Known groundwater contaminants, as determined by the State of California (for actively registered pesticides) or from historical groundwater monitoring data (for banned pesticides).
Te Tiriti o Waitangi
Rangatiratanga
Tikanga Maori
Na ko nga ture me nga tikanga o te Maori o Great Britain, ko nga ture me nga tikanga ano. Karekau he tangata, e ai ki a ia, e whai mana ana ki te takahi, i te nuinga, i te iwi whanui, i te reti, i te riihi, mo te whakaturanga i te reo pakeha me etahi atu tikanga o te mana rangatira ki roto i tetahi whenua kua kino te ahurea. o nga tangata nunui. Ko te kupu mo te manene, ko te tomo, he mohio anake ki nga mahi a ona ringa, a kahore he korero mo te whenua.
Mehemea he kawenata te kawenata ki nga kooti whenua Maori me nga ruri, me nga reiti o nga whenua, ka taka ona ture.
Ture Ngati Hine
Kia taea ai e tatou te Maori te whakahaere i a tatou tikanga katoa me a tatou mahi katoa, me whakamarama ano tatou. Me noho ano te mana o tenei whakahaere ki runga ki ia hapu, ki ia hapu, ki runga hoki ki o ratou takiwa, ia takiwa, ia takiwa o te motu, kua papatupupu. Ko te tino tikanga tenei o nga tangata kua oti te ture kia wehe atu i te ture a te kawanatanga a ko te ture here tenei i roto i to tatou whenua kua tukuna he panui ki Ingarangi kia mohio ai kei hea te ture a te iwi. Ko Ingarangi, ko nga iwi i herea e o ratou whenua tupuna, kei te Maori te mana ki o ratou whenua me o ratou tikanga katoa puta noa i te rohe whakahaere o nga whenua tupuna i herea.
There is the potential for this application to be included in the WAI49 claim on the Taumarere River and Te Moana Pikopiko in Whiti, submitted by Sir James Henare in respect of Government decisions regarding the management of the environment and its impact on Ngati Hine.
Waitangi Tribunal Report on freshwater and geothermal resources
Our rivers and harbors are our traditional taonga and our local hapu/whanau are affected by this amended reassessment agenda, and the presumption is that the Crown owns or has all the rights to our coastal and freshwater rivers, streams and harbours. Therefore they have the right to apply deadly, dangerous, chemical aquatic poisons to our waters and kaimoana for their own agendas and they also bypass and ignore the local whanau hapu.
Whether the Effects Can Be Avoided, Remedied or Mitigated
Recommendations
Table of Relationships
The language of Ngati Hine and its traditions Hapu names Tauparapara Whakatuku Kowhaiwhai Music, moteatea, paisa, ngeri Calendar traditions Whanau Papakainga.
Table of Effects
