Finish: When any part of the athlete's upper body reaches the level of the finish line. Upper body: Any part of the body (such as the head, neck, arms, legs, hands or feet). Become familiar with the operation of the timing device and practice a few times (see Types of Timing Equipment).
Hurdles
Track Umpiring / Course Marshal
No fouls have occurred: raise a white flag or an approved method of telling the umpire "all clear". Violations have occurred: raise the yellow flag or approved method and keep it raised until the Referee confirms it, then proceed with the infringement form. The Referee will hold the yellow flag raised until the report is accepted and forwarded to the Referee.
To ensure that every athlete is given an equal opportunity to compete fairly and perform to the best of their ability. Make sure any turns or loops in the course are clearly marked to avoid confusion for athletes. Note: Competitors may communicate with anyone outside the competition area as long as it does not disrupt the event.
Get help using any type of device that can communicate with others.
Relays
Athletes are lined up on the outside of the track in order of lane drawing on a line 3 meters inside the start of the upper receiving area. The line is indicated by the placement of cones on the inside and outside of the track. After the next runners have passed the crossing point, the waiting athletes must take their waiting positions in the order of the positions held by the next runners.
After completing the change, incoming runners must clear the track quickly, trying to ensure that no interference is caused to other teams. Medley: at the start of the front straight on the third leg of the event. If an infringement is noticed at a Takeover Zone, the Official/Referee will raise a yellow flag or approved method, and report it to the Referee.
Any violations observed by officials should be noted on a pre-printed form and collected by the referee to adjudicate the violation.
Race Walking
If the Course Judge is unable to form a definitive opinion about a violation, they must not penalize the athlete. It is essential that the forward foot be in contact with the ground before the rear foot is lifted. Each step judge may row an athlete once (Caution) for loss of contact and bent knee.
The Chief Walk Judge is the ONLY Judge who informs an athlete of his disqualification. Each walking judge must hand over his referee slip to the main walking judge as soon as the competition ends. When there are less than 4 referees, the number of reports for disqualification of a competitor is indicated in the table below, otherwise 3 reports (red cards) are required for disqualification.
In certain circumstances, standing judges may not be able to stand at the outer edge of the track, eg when obstacles are in progress. The main race judge (or their assistant) must instruct the athletes on the rules of the race and the conduct of the event, before the start.
Javelin
It should be thrown over the shoulder or upper throwing arm and should never be dropped or thrown. At no time during the throw, until the javelin is thrown into the air, must the competitor turn completely so that his back is facing the arc of the throw. The test is only valid if the tip of the metal head hits the ground before any other part of the spear.
The spear does not have to stick, but marking is easier if it does. The measurement of each shot shall be made from where the tip of the metal head first strikes the ground at the inside edge of the bow along a line from the landing point to the center of the circle of which the bow is a part. The selected point is marked by the spike and the zero end of the tape is held on the spike.
The band is pulled tight through the center of the circle of which the bow is a part (8 meters from the bow). The distance is measured at the point where the tire crosses the inner edge of the runway arc.
Discus
The athlete must not touch the top of the circle or the ground outside the circle with any part of the body during the test. For a valid course, the discus must fall so that the point of impact is within the inner edge of the lines marking the sectors. The athlete may enter the circle from any direction (preferably from the back half of the circle), but must exit the circle via the back half of the circle.
During each trial, the athlete may stop and place the discus down in the circle and then resume the trial, provided no other violation has occurred. Once the competition has begun, athletes may not use the circle or the ground within the sector for training tracks with or without equipment. Officials choose the imprint made by the discus upon landing closest to the circle.
The distance is measured at the point where the tape crosses the inner edge of the circle. If the puck hits the cage and is deflected back into the sector, it should be a valid and measured test if there is no other violation.
Shot Put
The athlete must not touch the top of the circle, the stop/kick board or the ground outside the circle with any part of the body during the test. The shot must land so that the 'impact mark' is within the inner edges of the lines marking the sector. At the start of the attempt the shot must touch or be close to the neck or chin and must not fall below this position during putting.
During each trial, the athlete may stop and place the shot in the circle and then resume the trial again, provided no other violation has occurred. The officials select the 'imprint mark' made by the shot upon landing closest to the circle. Each measurement is to the nearest cm below the specified distance unless the reading is a whole centimeter.
High Jump
If an athlete fails to commence an attempt within 60 seconds of their name being called by the official in charge, a fault will be recorded. An athlete may abort an attempt (baulk) as many times as they like, provided that the last attempt is started in 60 seconds. The athlete with the lowest number of jumps at the height where the tie occurs is awarded the highest place.
If there is still a tie, the highest place will be awarded to the athlete with the lowest number of failures throughout the competition up to and including the last height covered. When it comes to first place, the athletes who are right must make one more jump at the height at which they failed. If no decision is made, the bar will then be lowered or raised to the height to be announced by the event's main judge. , they will then attempt one jump at each height until the tie is broken. Athletes get the best of all their jumps, including those in a jump-off.
If it is a different place, the athletes are allocated an equal place in the competition. If the organizing committee has announced that there will be no skipping, all equal places will be equal.
Long Jump
Must place the take-off leg on or in front of the take-off area closest to the landing area. If any part of the leg is beyond the leading edge or if the entire leg is outside either end of the take-off area, then it is a wrong / invalid track and is recorded as "No Jump". If, while running, an athlete touches the ground beyond the take-off line with any part of the body, whether running with or without jumping; it will be considered a trial even if it has not ended.
If an athlete walks back through the landing area to the take-off area after completing the jump, it is a 'no jump'. During landing, an athlete may not touch the ground outside the landing area closer to the take-off point than the nearest break (take-off) in the landing area. All jumps must be measured from the nearest break in the landing area made by any part of the body to the leading edge of the take-off foot (U6-U11) or to the take-off line or its extension (U12-U16).
In the case of an athlete (U6-U11) taking off before reaching the take-off zone, the jump is measured from the nearest break in the landing zone, made from any part of the body to the rear edge of the take-off zone. . The measurement should be made perpendicular to the back of the lifting or stretching area.
Triple Jump
Markers are not allowed in the landing area/pit, or beyond the take-off area. During the landing, a jumper must not touch the ground outside the landing area closer to the take-off point than the nearest break (press) in the landing area. The band is pulled taut and the distance is measured to the nearest centimeter below the distance jumped, unless the reading is a whole centimeter.
D beats B on countdown to third best trial C beats A on countdown to second best trial X should be used to indicate an invalid trial.
Suggested Equipment Specifications
60 Metre Hurdles - (Six Flights) Orange Track Markings
AGE-
B/G HEIGHT RUN -
IN SPACING RUN - OUT
80 Metre Hurdles - (Nine Flights) Black Track Markings
AGE-B/G HEIGHT RUN - IN SPACING RUN - OUT
90 Metre Hurdles - (Nine Flights) White Track Markings
AGE HEIGHT RUN - IN SPACING RUN - OUT
100 Metre Hurdles - (Ten Flights) Yellow Track Markings
AGE HEIGHT RUN - IN SPACING RUN – OUT
300 Metre Hurdles - (Seven Flights) Green Track Markings
AGE GROUP
FRONT EDGE OF MAT -
ONLY
AGE TAKE OFF
FRONT EDGE OF MAT OR BOARD FROM EDGE OF PIT
AGE GROUP NOMINAL
AGE GROUP NOMINAL WEIGHT
COLOUR CODING
