2 0 0 1 H I G H E R S C H O O L C E R T I F I C A T E E X A M I N A T I O N
Geography
Stimulus Booklet
Mining 0.1%
Construction 1.3%
Business/
finance 16.5%
Primary 4.7%
Transport &
communications 6.8%
Retail &
hospitality 22.2%
Utilities 0.3%
Community services 36%
445 230 females employed
Manufacturing 12.1%
744 750 males employed Mining
0.5% Construction 11.9%
Manufacturing 24.2%
Business/finance 11.4%
Primary 11.1%
Transport &
communications 6.1%
Retail &
hospitality 18.1%
Utilities 0.8%
Community services 15.9%
FEMALE
FEMALE MALE
Auckland
5040
30
20
10
0
1 cm = 10 companies
Number of companies
Overseas-owned companies
New Zealand-owned companies
Wellington Christchurch
Dunedin
Other South Island
Other North Island
1987 1997 19971987 1997
1987 1997 1987 1997
1987
19971987
N
Transect Urban Centre
Source A — The Top 200 Companies, 1987 and 1997
Source B — Full-time Employment by Industry, 1996
Page 1
Kirkpatrick, Russell, 1999, Bateman Contemporary Atlas of New Zealand, David Bateman Ltd, Auckland.Kirkpatrick, Russell, 1999, Bateman Contemporary Atlas of New Zealand, David Bateman Ltd, Auckland.
90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35
Source F — T opographic Map – Christchurch
The Christchurch Urban Area demonstrates a clear geographical spread based on the Index of Deprivation (IOD). Deprivation is the state of being worse off than the society in which one lives. The IOD is based on: • access to telephone • income from government benefits •u n e mployment •i n come level • access to a motor vehicle • single parent families • low qualifications • level of house ownership • living space
1010 1008 10101020
1000
L
980 990
1010 1000
1020
X
1 74
National State Highway Provincial State Highway Roads:sealed unsealed Foot track Walkways Forested areas: Plantation / Bush Swamp Mud flat Sandy beach Lighthouse, Beacon Hotel (accommodation) Camping ground Picnic area Maori Pa site Lookout point Railway line, station
Scale 1 : 100 000 02 km Contour interval 50 m
Housing New Zealand Tenancies Index of Deprivation
Standard Area Unit (SAU) boundary Number of Housing New Zealand tenancies within each SAU Most deprived Least deprived
138
Increasing Deprivation
10 8 6 4 2 0
New Brighton
Source C — Index of Deprivation, Christchurch City by Meshblock 1996 Census Source G — Synoptic Chart and Satellite Image for 2 December 2000
Source D — Deprivation
Cartogram Scale: 1 cm2 : 25 000 people 100 000 10 000 1000Christchurch
Source E — Cartogram KEY for Source F Source H — L yttelton Harbour 10.00 am 12.00 noon
Page 2 Page 3
43°37′
Kirkpatrick, Russell, 1999, Bateman Contemporary Atlas of New Zealand, David Bateman Ltd, Auckland.
Kirkpatrick, Russell, 1999, Bateman Contemporary Atlas of New Zealand, David Bateman Ltd, Auckland.
90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35
Source F — T opographic Map – Christchurch
The Christchurch Urban Area demonstrates a clear geographical spread based on the Index of Deprivation (IOD). Deprivation is the state of being worse off than the society in which one lives. The IOD is based on: • access to telephone • income from government benefits •u n e mployment •i n come level • access to a motor vehicle • single parent families • low qualifications • level of house ownership • living space
1010 1008 10101020
1000
L
980 990
1010 1000
1020
X
1 74
National State Highway Provincial State Highway Roads:sealed unsealed Foot track Walkways Forested areas: Plantation / Bush Swamp Mud flat Sandy beach Lighthouse, Beacon Hotel (accommodation) Camping ground Picnic area Maori Pa site Lookout point Railway line, station
Scale 1 : 100 000 02 km Contour interval 50 m
Housing New Zealand Tenancies Index of Deprivation
Standard Area Unit (SAU) boundary Number of Housing New Zealand tenancies within each SAU Most deprived Least deprived
138
Increasing Deprivation
10 8 6 4 2 0
New Brighton
Source C — Index of Deprivation, Christchurch City by Meshblock 1996 Census Source G — Synoptic Chart and Satellite Image for 2 December 2000
Source D — Deprivation
Cartogram Scale: 1 cm2 : 25 000 people 100 000 10 000 1000Christchurch
Source E — Cartogram KEY for Source F Source H — L yttelton Harbour 10.00 am 12.00 noon
Page 2 Page 3
43°37′
Kirkpatrick, Russell, 1999, Bateman Contemporary Atlas of New Zealand, David Bateman Ltd, Auckland.
Kirkpatrick, Russell, 1999, Bateman Contemporary Atlas of New Zealand, David Bateman Ltd, Auckland.
1677
1872
2079
3267 795
459 303
9531
2751
945
390 666
156 180
2787 2250
Auckland Wellington
Christchurch Dunedin
390 666
Four main urban areas Large towns Small towns Rural areas Number of persons 156
In-migration Out-migration
Dunes
Water Quality Measuring Sites
Pollution pressure Recreational pressure
Mud exposed at low tide Grass areas Pines Wetlands Native Paintings Urban areas Industrial areas 7
Historical Maori Site
Selected Bird Numbers January average
1987–1991 Roosting or nesting sites The Avon–Heathcote Estuary:
Conflicting Uses of a Sensitive Ecological Area Source I — Resource Management of the Avon–Heathcote Estuary, 2000
Source J — Net Internal Migration: Four Main Urban Areas 1991–96
2001
1972 most untreated sewage removed from estuary and rivers 1981 gasworks closed
end of river estuary dredging rapid silting
1925 start of estuary dredging industrial pollution 1850 European settlers arrive
c. 1550 estuary formed open ocean sediment Sediment core
Heavy metals L H
muddy sandsandy mudmuddy sand
A von–Heathcote Estuary
Source K — Sediment Core
Page 4
Kirkpatrick, Russell, 1999, Bateman Contemporary Atlas of New Zealand, David Bateman Ltd, Auckland.