This is to certify that this traineeship and thesis entitled "Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board" has been done by the following student under our direct guidance and this work has been done by him in the laboratories of the Department of Electrical and Electrical Engineering under the Faculty of Engineering from Daffodil International University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Electrical and Electronic Engineering. The report provides an overview of Training and Development Division, BREB H/Q, Network Operation Division, Dhaka Division, Testing & Repair Division and Meter Plant Division of BREB. In the fall semester 2018, we got an opportunity to complete the industrial training in Bangladesh Rural electrification Board under pbs-1 is one of the largest electricity distribution companies in Bangladesh.
In the year 1933 a power generating station named ""Dhanmondi power House" was established in generated 1500KW power and they are the last commercial vendor of the distribution system among the public. In 1959 East Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority (EPWAPDA) established to look after the generation, transmission, distribution and sale of electricity throughout the province of the erstwhile East Pakistan.To improve service to the consumers and to improve revenue collection by reducing the prevailing high system losses, Dhaka is Electric Supply Authority (DESA) created by an ordinance promulgated by the President of the People's Republic of Bangladesh in 1990.
They thought that there were a lot of losses due to the wire used previously and to reduce that they learned about the American wiring system. At that time we used covered wire to distribute electricity, the coverage of the wire caused the losses. The owners of PBSs are the customer members and the PBS management is accountable to a locally elected Board of Directors and the overall performance of the PBSs is monitored by REB.
Some of the PBSs are still not financially independent as most of their consumers are residential.
Definition of Conductor
Conductor Testing Name
Conductor testing List
Grid Substation
- Transmission Line
- List Raw Materials of Transformer
- Significance of ∆ to Y connection
- Transformer faults
In a Grid substation has different incoming power supply line is called primary power line .primary power lines of a grid substation will be either 400kv or 200kv. Input HT power is stepped down by a step-down transformer and makes an output line known as secondary line. Transformer is an electrical static device no change of power and frequency only change of current and voltage.
These instrument transformers provide the required current and voltage, which are essential for the operation of these measurements and the protection of the equipment. Daffodil International University 11 | Page A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another via inductively coupled conductors - transformer coils. The changing current in the first or primary winding creates different conductors of the transformer core and thus a changing magnetic field through the secondary winding.
Thus, a varying magnetic field induces a varying electromotive force (EMF) of "voltage" in the secondary winding. A study of fault data on modern transformers shows that between 70% and 80% of faults are caused by short circuits between windings. But the turn fault detection and technique used in recent years are difficult, such as gas analysis, partial discharge etc.
Also, vector group mismatch is not a direct error, so it is not considered a serious problem. The verification process used to determine the vector group is difficult because the clock number settings associated with their phase angle must be preserved. It also cancels out third harmonics because they are not supported in a three-string system.
A delta connection on the secondary side offers the possibility of large circulating currents if the characteristics of the 3 windings are not perfectly balanced. The Y-Δ transformation can be used to eliminate one node at a time and produce a network that can be further simplified. To maximize the life and efficiency of a transformer, it is important to be aware of potential faults that can occur and know how to detect them quickly.
Winding failure due to short-circuits
Regular monitoring and maintenance can make it possible to detect new defects before too much damage is done.
Terminal failures
On-load tap change failures
Abnormal operating conditions
Phase sequence and vector group compensation 7. External faults
- Protection systems for transformer
- Losses in Transformer
- Power Transformer
- Isolation Transformer
- Current transformer
- Potential Transformer
- The purpose of Potential transformer
- Relay
- Circuit breaker
- Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) circuit breaker
- Control room & Panel Board
- Lighting arrester
- Power Factor Loss
- Power Factor Monitoring & Upgrading
- Effect of Low Power Factor
- Methods for power Factor Improvement
Thus, part of the energy is lost due to the heat produced by the resistance of the coils. The primary lines are connected in a triangle (∆) to the transformer, and the secondary lines are connected to the Y connection. Typically, an isolation transformer further consists of a Faraday shield, which is actually a screen of non-magnetic metal, wound between the primary and secondary and then connected to the transformer core.
The current transformer helps in transforming the current from higher value to lower value, which means that the current transformer reduces the current to a required ratio. In the substation we can easily identify the current transformer because the current transformer is connected in series. The relay is an electrical protective switch which is mainly used to detect any kind of abnormal system condition.
Control relay panels facilitate centralized control of relevant controlled equipment in power plants, switch stations and industrial plants. A lighting arrestor is that material used in electrical power systems to protect the system's insulation and conductors from the harmful effects of lighting. System loss is defined as subject to common distributed loss production and transmission processes.
They thought there were a lot of losses because of the wire we used before, and to reduce that they learned about the American wiring system. At Kabirpur Grid substation we have seen that the power factor was around 0.95, but usually the average is around 0.95. We know that power factor is defined as the ratio of kW to KVA.
This increases the reactive power and as a result apparent power creates a large angle ( ) between KW and KVA and a large angle produces poor power factor (pf=. Poor power factor affects the power distribution system, loss in the distribution network and voltage drop in the power line .
Static Capacitor
Synchronous Condenser
When a synchronous motor runs without load and over-exit, it is called a synchronous capacitor. When a synchronous motor is over tripped, it provides leading current and acts as a capacitor. When a synchronous capacitor is connected across the supply voltage (in parallel), the leading current draws and partially eliminates the reactive component, thus improving the power factor.
An auxiliary device must be used for this operation because the synchronous motor has no self-starting torque.
Phase Advancer
Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board and palli bidyut samite are at organization of different categories BREB is a government organization and palli bidyut is semi government organization. The administration giving this facility in the rural places of our country is Palli bidyut samity which already has a very deep name among the people of Bangladesh and we are very happy to get a chance for the internee there. There we saw power transmission, distribution protection, system, repair of various power equipment like transformer CT, PT, Distribution Line etc and we also saw power upgrade and new line construction.
