DSpace at Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University: The study was undertaken on five thousand Hisex Brown parent stock layer breeders at Mirsarai Poultry Farm and Hatchery for a period from 02/03/2012 to 30/03/2012 to observe housing, feeding, breeding, lighting, and disease control practices of Hisex Brown birds with a view to observe production performance of the parent breeder stock under controlled housing system.The production performance was compared at 6 to 7 months of laying period under slat system in controlled house. The selected farm supplied average 25.4gm,61.5gm and 113.38gm for starter(0-5wks),grower(6-17wks) and layer(18-50wks) for a day and the average body weight gain was 248.2,1171.67gm and 2145.21gm respectively for female.The average hen house egg production (24th-50th week)was 85.03%.The peak production achieved at 26th of age and the value is 90% which constant 32 weeks age .The peak production was 26-32 weeks of age (Average 90.57%).Average hatchability (24th-50th) was 84.78% which is efficient.The highest Hatching percentage was recoded at 42,43 and 44th weeks that was 90.62%,91.60% and 91.04% respectively.The management system was controlled properly by proper feed supplement,vaccination, fumigation, ventilation, bio-security and hygienic management regularly.

The landless and marginal farmers do not have enough capital; they have very limited access to national resources or any development activities of the country. Landless and marginal farmers in the rural areas raise about 90 percent of the total goat populations. The majority of the goat population maintained by the women and children is another important socio-economic aspect of goat keeping in rural areas, helping them in income generation, household income stability and increased self-reliance.

A general confrontation of farmers' problems showed that the largest proportion (60%) of farmers had high problems, one quarter (25%) had medium problems and a small proportion (15%) of farmers were in the category of low problems for breeding farmers. Black Bengal goats (H. Kober, 2005). Most of the goat population is maintained by poor marginal farmers who do not have the economic capacity to house them separately. The study found that only 15% of farmers had a separate house for their goats.

They are housed on the stoep, corridor, cowshed, kitchen and in the open yard of the homestead. The skin of the Black Bengal goat in particular is unique throughout the world (Banerjee 1980). The collected data was cross-verified, processed and analyzed by the reporter himself in accordance with the objectives of the study.

In this section, the adopted feeding, housing and management practices of goats under a semi-scavenging system were examined and briefly discussed in the goat farming households.

Information related to grazing i. Type of Grazing Fields

Extra Feeding Status A. Concentrate feeding

Roughages Feeding i. particulars of roughages

• Housing system of goats under semi scavenging rearing
• Problems of Rearing BBG under scavenging systems
• Problem Faced by the Goat Rearers
• Extent of Confrontation of Problems of rearing goat
• Level of problem confrontation of goat rearers
• Probable measures for solutions of Problems
• Improved HYV Fodder Production by NGO at Roadsides & Fellow land
• Prevention of Disease
• Ensuring adequate Veterinary services and health care Facilities
• Make available quality bucks
• Supply of credit at low interest rate
• Provide Veterinary Extension Services and Training

It shows that the housing type for goat rearing in the study area was found as 32.00 percent inside homestead, 28.00 percent attached house and 28.00 percent was extra house than a thatched house. Over time, about 58.00 percent of goat herders kept their goats and kids in housing for most of the night, followed by a significant part of the night about 22.00 percent (Table 2). Most of the goat breeders contain about 50.00 percent maintained the floor of the goat house as "kacha" with regular use of litter (sand, ash, sacks, leaves, etc.) followed by 42.00 percent of the goat breeders kept their goat and kids only in kacha floor based goat house.

The table shows that about 100 percent of the goat herders adopted vaccination and deworming of their goats and kids. About 100 percent and 56 percent of goat herders contracted PPR and goat pox from their goats and kids, respectively. The goat herders have about 4.00 percent regular hoof trimming, 20.00 percent on weekly basis, 34.00 percent on monthly basis and 50.00 percent never practice hoof trimming.

Adult women cared for about 36.00 percent of the goats or head of household, followed by their children. The table also shows that about 94.00 percent of goat farmers always practiced grazing their goats and 72.00 percent did not practice feeding their goats concentrates regularly. The table shows that about 30.00 percent of goat farmers did not take care of clothing during the winter months and 54.00 percent used warm bedding for their goats and children.

Most of the goat breeders (58.00 percent) were not aware of curative treatment of their goats and kids and about 68.00 percent of the goat breeders were aware of marketing the goats and kids at reasonable time and market prices (Table-3). Most of the goat breeders' neighbors directly complained that the goats and his goats were destroying the plants and crops. Most of the goat herders kept their goats and kids on a small kacha house near the main residence.

The data also revealed that more than half of the percentage (52.00 %) of the goat breeders belonged to high confrontation problems, with 26.00 percent and 22.00 percent belonging to the medium and low problem categories, respectively. In the study area on an average considering the whole herd size about 88.00 percent of the goat keepers suggested to take the necessary care for animal health and. Table-7 showed that about 82.00 percent of the goats have suggested the improvement of veterinary services for promoting the growth of goats.

For sustainable goat farming in rural areas, 70.00 percent of the goat farmers proposed to make available quality goat through an established minibuck station from the financial support of local NGOs to the interested poor households for goat mating at a reasonable price (Table 7) . Table 7 shows that about 92.00 percent of the goat farmers express their keen interest in obtaining credit facilities at reasonable interest rates from local banks and NGOs for goat rearing.

Table 2 indicates the housing system of goats under semi scavenging rearing system in the study areas

CHAPTER-VI

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

• Introduction
• Summary
• Recommendations
• Limitation of the Study

To assess the existing husbandry practices of black Bengal goats under rearing system in the study area; To identify the nature and extent of confronting the problems of rearing black Bengal goats in the under-clearance system; The study was conducted in four villages in Patiya Upazila. Taking into account the main objectives of the study, the area was selected purposefully and the data was collected in a convenient manner.

In this study, the existing BBG rearing practices were assessed and their overall problems related to goat rearing were identified and their proposed remediation for improving the goat rearing systems in rural Bangladesh. The Department of Livestock Services is being expanded in respect of veterinary services and other facilities. The Government and NGOs should extend their microcredit facilities at a low interest rate to the small-scale goat breeders. operation to meet the challenge of feeding the goat.

Establishment of disease diagnostic laboratories shall extend reliable diagnostic facilities to the goat breeders. Improvement of the economic and other characteristics of goats through selective breeding and preservation of superior breeds through the establishment of a national breeding herd. A proper extension service similar to that of crop production should be established to create awareness among the farmers about goat production and to make available the improved technologies.

Increasing the availability of premium breeding goats through goat breeding stations in the study areas. Some farmers do not hesitate to even sell a goat to repay the loan without informing the relevant authorities. Asian Livestock Monthly Technical Journal of the FAO Livestock and Health Commission for Asia and the Pacific (APHCA.

Asian Livestock Monthly Technical Journal of the FAO Animal Production and Health Commission for Asia and the Pacific (APHCA) 8: 85-87. A Study on Productive Performance and Genetic Potential of Black Bengal Goats, Ph.D, Thesis, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. In: Proceeding of national workshop on animal breeding held at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh on 26 November 1998, pp: 17- 36Herre W.