weGGd kvnxb K‡jR XvKv
XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g›U, XvKv
cÖZxKx hyw³we`¨vq hyw³evK¨‡K ev ePb‡K `yB fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| wb¤œiƒc:
1| mij hyw³evK¨
2| ‡hŠwMK hyw³evK¨
1| mij hyw³evK¨: †h hyyw³evK¨ †Kej GKwU wµqvgyjK wee„wZ cÖ`vb K‡i Ges hv‡K Ab¨ †Kvb As‡k wef³ Kiv hvq bv Zv‡K mij hyw³evK¨ e‡j †hgb: iv‡mj nb hyw³we`|
2| ‡hŠwMK hyw³evK¨: †h hyyw³evK¨ GKvwaK welqm~PK wee„wZ cÖ`vb K‡i Ges hv‡K wewfbœ A_©c~Y© As‡k wef³ Kiv hvq Zv‡K ‡hŠwMK hyw³evK¨ e‡j| †hgb: iv‡mj nb hyw³we` I MwYZwe`|
AvaywbK cÖZxKx hyw³we`‡`i g‡Z ‡hŠwMK hyw³evK¨ Pvi cÖKvi n‡Z cv‡i| wb¤œiƒc:
ms‡hŠwMK hyw³evK¨:
†h †hŠwMK hyw³ev‡K¨ Zvi Ask¸‡jv Ges, I, Avi, wKsev BZ¨vw` †hvRK Øviv ms‡hvwRZ nq Zv‡K
ms‡hŠwMK hyw³evK¨ e‡j| †hgb: †m Pv Lvq Ges Kwd Lvq| GLv‡b `ywU mij ePb Ges bvgK †hvRK Øviv hy³ n‡q‡Q|
1| †m Pv Lvq| 2| †m Kwd Lvq|
cÖZx‡Ki gva¨‡g ePb ev hyw³evK¨ `ywU cÖKvk Ki‡j †`L‡Z cvq─
1| †m Pv Lvq-- P 2| †m Kwd Lvq-- q
‡hŠwMK hyw³evK¨
Pvi cÖKvi ‡hvRK cÖZxKx iƒc
ms‡hŠwMK hyw³evK¨ Ges, I, Avi, wKsev p q
cÖvKwíK hyw³evK¨ hw`----Z‡e/Zvn‡j p ﬤ q
‰eKwíK hyw³evK¨ nq---bv nq/bZzev/A_ev p ˅ q
mggvwbK hyw³evK¨ hw` Ges †Kej hw` p ≡ q
wb‡laK evK¨ ‡Kvb wKQz A¯^xKvi Kiv
˷
pms‡hŠwMK hyw³evK¨:iv‡mj nb hyw³we` I MwYZwe`| p q
wb‡laK evK¨: Ggb bq †h mvBdzj †gavex|
˷
p‡hŠwMK hyw³evK¨
cÖvKwíK hyw³evK¨: hw` e„wó nq Zvn‡j gvwU wfR‡e| p ﬤ q
mggvwbK hyw³evK¨: †m m¤§vwbZ n‡e hw` Ges †Kej hw` ‡m mr nq| p ≡ q
‰eKwíK hyw³evK¨: nq Zzwg Pv Lv‡e bv nq Kwd Lv‡e| p ˅ q
weGGd kvnxb K‡jR XvKv
XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g›U, XvKv myZivs ms‡hŠwMK hyw³evK¨wUi cÖZxKx iƒc nj: p ● q
ms‡hŠwMK hyw³ev‡K¨i mZ¨gvb : ms‡hŠwMK hyw³evK¨ ZLbB mZ¨ nq hLb Zvi mn‡hvMx ePbI mZ¨ nq wb¤œiƒc:
p q p . q
T T T
T F F
F T F
F F F
p q p ﬤ q
T T T
T F F
F T T
F F T
p q p ˅ q
T T T
T F T
F T T
F F F
p q p ≡ q
T T T
T F F
F T F
F F T
p ˷ p
T F
F T
ms‡hŠwMK hyw³ev‡K¨i mZ¨gvb
cÖvKwíK hyw³ev‡K¨i mZ¨gvb
‰eKwíK hyw³ev‡K¨i mZ¨gvb
mggvwbK hyw³ev‡K¨i mZ¨gvb
wb‡laK hyw³ev‡K¨i mZ¨gvb
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