Perception-attitude and practice about COVID 19 and its vaccine among low-income urban people. The purpose of this study to explore the perception, attitude and practice about COVID 19 and its vaccination among the low-income people in urban Bangladesh. Result: This study found that there is a lack of awareness among low-income people about the COVID 19 and its precautions, containment strategy has created poverty and unemployment and forced them to be burdened with debt, which has created obstacles to get treatment from the hospital to receive.
While there has been much publicity around the world for the development and implementation of the COVID 19 vaccine, the cultural and religious beliefs of low-income people are barriers to receiving vaccination. Conclusion: Low-income people in urban Bangladesh have limited knowledge of COVID-19 and its vaccination. All participants are still in a life-threatening situation due to their lack of awareness of health education related to COVID 19.
KAP: Knowledge Relationship and Practice COVID 19: Coronavirus Disease 2019 CHW: Community Health Worker WHO: World Health Organization.
Introduction
Now there are many drugs used to treat COVID 19 and vaccines to prevent this disease in the world (22). From the beginning, there has been ignorance, rumor, misinformation and misconception among the common people worldwide about COVID 19 (25). People's perceptions, attitudes and practices towards the COVID-19 pandemic play an essential role in its spread or prevention.
Vaccines are being distributed, but it is very important to scrutinize public acceptance of COVID 19 vaccinations. A global survey report on COVID 19 shows that 48% of the people in their survey are reluctant to take the COVID 19 vaccine and were unsure if they would have the vaccine (37). It is also believed that there may be a number of misconceptions and beliefs among the common people about the COVID 19 vaccine in Bangladesh.
Page | 13 Thus, it is very important for the government and policy makers to know the perception, attitude and practice of Bangladeshi people about the COVID 19 vaccine in order to address all the vaccine distribution challenges.
Study Objective
Main Objective
Specific objective
Study Design
- Study site information
- Study participant
- Data collection period and Time
- Dada collection Tools
- Sample selection process
- Data collection process
- COVID-19 safety preparation
- Data management
- Data Analysis Plan
- Ethical issues
To collect the data for this study, two qualitative data collection techniques In-Depth Interview (IDI) and observation were used. Other qualitative data collection techniques (e.g. FGD) were not possible to use for data collection in the study due to COVID 19 pandemic. In addition, a semi-structure checklist for observation, a smartphone for recording, notebook and a pen for keeping notes are also used for data collection.
The help of community leaders is in both slum areas for data collection. Initially, the research objectives and participant selection criteria were explained to them and their help was sought to complete the data collection. All the interviews were summarized after immediate data collection to identify new issues for further investigation in the following interviews.
All interviews were transcribed verbatim from audio to soft copy in Bengali after the end of data collection.
Participants Characteristics
Among the participants, two occupational housewives (who lost their jobs and small businesses during COVID-19) and rickshaw puller are the same and high participation in the study (22.0%). Page | 26 All respondents to this study live in a rented house in a slum area in the city of Dhaka. Most of the respondents lived with their families and after the COVID 19 pandemic started, 8 participants sent their families to the village and Dhaka living in the mess due to minimizing their living costs.
Most of the respondents have only one family member engaged in an income-generating activity.
Knowledge about corona virus
- Reason of COVID 19
- Spread of COVID 19
- Sign & symptom of COVID 19 patient
- Risk of COVID 19
- Not infected the COVID 19 ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined
- Observational findings regarding Practice about wearing mask and maintaining social distance . 39
Most of the respondents stated that they do not know the cause of attacks with the coronavirus. Because the rich people embezzle the rights of the poor, that is why Allah has given them the COVID 19 disease. They mentioned that rich people pay less than the price of the rickshaw to the poor rickshaw puller.
Page | 31 In addition to this, the respondents informed that the coronavirus comes to the population due to people's negligence. A few of the respondents believe that the COVID 19 disease will not happen to the poor because they work hard so they can adapt to any weather. But the rich do not work hard and they spent most of the time in the air-conditioned room.
Some respondents also said they had heard that the coronavirus spreads through sneezing, coughing and touching people. But they don't know how it spreads to other people through the infected person's sneezing, coughing and frolicking. Some respondents think that diabetics and high blood pressure are symptoms of COVID 19 disease.
Most respondents think that no family member is not at risk during this corona pandemic. If this rule is maintained, the germ will not enter the body of the people. Page | 37 According to one of the respondents, a housewife (who lost her job during COVID 19) said so.
Most of the respondents said that they had heard about wearing masks and maintaining social distance to save them from the corona virus. However, few respondents believe that they do not believe in wearing masks and maintaining social distance to protect against the corona virus. Some respondents said that they had never seen or heard of their family members or relatives or neighbors getting sick after the corona was discovered.
They could not take the patients to the hospital because of the army patrols on the road.
Economic factor
Loss of income during COVID 19 Period
Then the neighbors didn't come to our house because they thought my mother had the coronavirus. So I always had my mother's jaundice & COVID 19 report which people didn't believe” [IDI-10, Rickshaw puller, male, age;30]. In addition to this, one respondent also told about the loss of his small business due to corona.
Since lockdown was given in the country due to coronavirus, I had to close the hotel.
Coping strategy/ practice of against loss of income
In this corona time, I have sent my family to the village, who are now staying in the mess to save rent.
Perception about COVID-19 vaccination
Willingness to receive COVID 19 vaccination
Most of the respondents think that if the vaccine becomes available in their area, they will not take vaccine. I believe in Allah that Allah will not kill me through disease as long as I live” [IDI-02, Domestic servant, Female, Age;30]. But other participants think that they are eager to take COVID 19 vaccine if it is available for their area.
If the coronavirus vaccine is available in our country, then I am eager to take this vaccine. Because we can save ourselves if we take this vaccine” [IDI-09, Housewife (lost job), Female, Age;32]. A few of the respondents think that if most of the people from their neighborhood take the vaccine, they will also take the vaccine.
Perception about wearing mask and social distance after receiving vaccination
I think it is necessary to wear a mask or maintain social distance even after taking the vaccine” [IDI-09, Housewife (job lost during COVID 19), Female, Age;32].
Discussion
Strengths and Limitations
This study is one of the few qualitative studies in Bangladesh conducted to evaluate low-income urban people's perceptions of COVID-19. As the research was conducted during the lockdown, face-to-face interviews were conducted to explore in-depth information about COVID 19 and its associated vaccine.
Conclusion and Recommendation
Page | 59 https://www.thedailystar.net/coronavirus-deadly-new-threat/news/govt-offices-closed-march-26-april-4-cabinet-secretary-1884730. Panic and generalized anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic among Bangladeshi people: an online pilot study early in the outbreak. Janssens W, Pradhan M, Groot R, Sidze E, Donfouet HPP, Abajobir A: The short-term economic effects of COVID-19 on low-income households in rural Kenya: An analysis using weekly household financial data; (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding the COVID-19 Outbreak in Bangladesh: An Online-Based Cross-Sectional Survey: Plos One;. First COVID-19 suicide case in Bangladesh due to fear of COVID-19 and xenophobia: Possible suicide prevention strategies. Strategic assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: Comparative lockdown scenario analysis, public perception and governance for sustainability.
Acceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine among adults in the United States: how many people would be vaccinated. Bhopal S, Nielsen: Vaccine hesitancy in low- and middle-income countries: potential implications for the COVID-19 response; VinerRM, et al. This is an open access article licensed under CC BY (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/).
Rapid assessment of food and income security. Round 2: How BRAC International volunteers and program participants are coping with COVID-19.
Guideline_ English
Probe: If he/she knows about any kind of vaccine, how do you know about vaccines. If so, ask where he heard about this vaccine, through whom he heard about it, how he heard about it, the vaccination process 11. Would you be interested in getting vaccinated for yourself or any of your family members.
What do you think you and the government should do to protect us all from the corona virus.
Guideline_ Bengali
Consent form _ English
Your participation in the study is voluntary and you have the sole authority to decide for or against your participation. You will also be able to withdraw your participation at any time during the study without giving any reason. Refusing to participate in or withdrawing from the study would have no negative impact on receiving services from me or IUB in the future.
If you have any questions about your rights as a participant in a research study, you can contact or meet in person at the following address: School of the Public Health Department, Independent university of Bangladesh, Basundhora residential area, Dhaka, Or my supervisor Mr. If you accept my proposal to enroll in my study, please indicate this by putting your signature or your left thumbprint in the field provided below.
Consent form_ Bengali
