Asif Rahman, Samia Ahmed, Mohamed Abdi Hassan to the Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering (ETE), Daffotil International University, has been accepted as satisfactory in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the bachelor's degree in Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering and ap. - proven in terms of its style and content. We would like to express our deepest gratitude to all our faculty members, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, for their kind help in completing our thesis and we would also like to thank the staff of ETE Department of Daffodil International University. This research work presents the analysis of the radiation exposure level of workers in the department of X-ray, CT scan and MRI.
The information was collected and examined at that specific department and compared to the standard radiation dose level verified worldwide by the International Committee on radiological protection (ICRP). A mobile radiation shield (thermoluminescent dosimeters) was used to measure radiation levels in working environments in certain departments that manage radiation from diagnoses in different places in the city. Shows the dose exposed by the urology department. Shows the dose exposed by the cardiology department.
Analysis and Investigate the effect of Radiation on professional workers in Radiology and Imaging Department
INTRODUCTION
- PROBLEM OVERVIEW
- AIMS AND OBJECTIVE
- LIMITATION
- JUSTIFICATION
- MOTIVATION
- ABOUT RESEARCH
- RELATED WORKS AND CONTRIBUTIONS
- DISCOVERY/HISTORY OF RADIATION
- RADIATION AND RADIOACTIVITY
- TYPES OF RADIATION
- Ionizing radiation
- Benefits of Ionizing radiation
- NON IONIZING RADIATION
- HARMS OF NON-IONIZING RADIATION
- MEASUREMENT OF RADIATION
- X-RAY
- PRODUCTION OF AN X-RAY FROM X-RAY MACHINE
- PROPERTIES OF X-RAY
- Types of X-Rays
- X-Rays Uses
- TYPICAL EXPOSURE LEVEL DURING X-RAY EXAMINATION
- TREATMENT BY USING X-RAY RADIATION
- Computed Tomography Scan (CT scan )
- Some common uses of the procedure
- Radiation Doses from CT Scans
- Benefits & Risks
The negative electrons are attracted to the positive nucleus as a result of the electric force. Ionizing radiation includes the more powerful end of the electromagnetic range (X-rays and gamma rays) and subatomic particles, for example, electrons, neutrons, and alpha particles.[16] Ionizing radiation applied to restorative designs is also commonly grouped into classifications depending on whether the radiation source is external or internal to the patient.
Estimating the amount of radiation an individual is exposed to uses the amount of vitality consumed by the body's tissues. Delivers the total doses of radiation over a comprehensive period of time to ensure solid tissue in the tumor zone. When the entire cerebrum was treated, the patient regularly received additional near-radiation to the area of the tumor.
Computed tomography (CT) of the body uses advanced x-beam innovation to help distinguish an assortment of diseases and conditions. Regularly the best strategy for recognizing cancer in the breast, midsection and pelvis, for example lymphomas and tumors of the lungs, liver, kidneys, ovaries and pancreas.
Benefits
The successful part considers an uncomfortable correlation between different CT situations, however it only gives an imprecise measure of true risk. The most important are the number of sweeps, cylinder current and filter time in milliseconds (mAs), patient size, main filter extent, sweep step (level of coverage between adjacent CT slices), cylinder. Voltage in kilovolt peaks (kVp), and the particular scanner plane used.[24].
Risks
- Limitations of CT Scanning
- Positron emission tomography (PET) or PET-CT scan
- Lowering Radiation from CT Scans
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- BRAIN TUMORS
A PET output is used from the beginning to gradually detect a tumor while a patient accepts treatment. A PET scan is an approach to making images of organs and tissues inside the body using different substances, for example sugars or proteins. Changing the scan based on the size and weight of the patient or the body part being examined.
To get a clear picture, an exceptional color called a differentiation medium is given before the scan. This color can be injected into a patient's vein or given in the form of a pill or liquid to swallow. Most cells in the body develop and separate in a methodical manner to form new cells, as expected to keep the body healthy and functioning properly.
Every year, more than 16,000 people discover that they have a brain tumor; the tumor may be incipient or threatening.
BENIGN TUMORS
MALIGNANT TUMORS
- Brain tumor post-treatment MRI
- Benefits and Risks of MRI
- INTRODUCTION
- Materials and Method
- METHODOLOGY
- CALCULATION OF RESULT
An MRI scanner can be used to take pictures of any part of the body (for example, head, joints, midsection, legs, and so on) in any imaging course. This analysis used the quantitative strategy in collecting information from a number of different hospitals in Dhaka city, Bangladesh, including the radiology department, CT scan department, MRI department, cardiology department, urology department, and neuromedicine department. collected and examined using diagrams and graphs to know the retained part of any work that manages radiation in the above-mentioned departments where the material and a few studies will be used. This overview is supplemented with the estimation of the coercive part due to spilled and scattered radiation from certain radiologies in a selected hospital.
The TLD tag is the equipment that can be used for radiation control, similar to the next type of device in the old days "film type" x-ray identifications, which should be replaced every month and physically prepared. comfort during several months of use. A staff they help get concrete reports from the completely customized reading of the TLD and advertising strategy performed by a TLD Automatic Reader. The adjustment factor RCF used was 0.020 NC/µSv for the radiation where personnel serving in the clinical field had the opportunity to uncover, as decided to use the manufacturer's guidance and suggestions in the International Atomic Energy Commission (IAEC) Standard.
In this way, after the exposure to the radiation, the fallout radiation was estimated in the control panel and the patient holding up the area. What is the example of diseases or illness that can be killed by using X-ray. Answer: Intense radiation mostly refers to a huge number of parts of radiation that people get in a short time frame.
Chronic dose rejects the combination of small doses received by the individual, which would be repeated over a long period of time, for example, 20 rem every week continuously for a long enough time consumed by professional workers. The following tables detail how the data were collected and calculated to find the estimated value for each personnel using the TLD to monitor recording the radiation dose in mSV and to calculate the total days and estimated dose exposed per year and finally compares the result with the International Accepted Dose approved by the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP). Total days Dose mSV Dose mSV Dose mSV Total dose mSV Estimated dose per year mSV.
This is the line graph that contains data that we get from the X-ray department employee. CT Scan Department staff data and the calculation is the same procedure as the above department, in which the table contains the following data below . Based on these values the line graph was configured and the choice value is 6.47 mSv.
Level of Radiation dose in CT scan
- PERCENTAGE
- ANALYSIS & DISCUSSION
- Summary
- Suggestions and Recommendations
- Conclusion
- Future Work
The nuclear medicine department's personnel data and the calculation is the same procedure as the department above, where the table contains the data below. The cardiology department's personnel data and the calculation procedure are the same with the department above, where the table contains the data below. There is the configuration of the diagram based on the total exposed dose rate of all six studied departments.
That each staff member will not exceed the portion rate of 20 mSV suggests that depending on the above outcome, the staff under these offices often keep up by continuing to use safety rules and measures for living in radiation area so that a strategic distance can be maintained. of radiation introduction from their specializations. In it, all radiation workers, including radiologists, radiographers, darkroom professionals, experts, radiation oncologists, residents from the beginning with the assistant specialists, questionnaires representing the hospitals. The appropriation of workers according to their age, the radiation workforce, was maximum numbers in the age group of 25-40 years.
From the survey, they said that the vast majority of emergency clinics use manual film processors, but that they use an auto processor. From the survey it was found that most of the fresher or the young radiation technologists are only aware of the radiation and they try to maintain safety against radiation dose. In addition, numerous elements have undertaken a significant job in pouring radiation damage on the person, which are various kinds of physical, chemical and biological effects, which are mostly due to ionization and excitation of the particles or muscles of the substances.
The progressions created in the structure of the substances by this impact are fundamentally irreversible and are known as radiation damage. Assurance in radiology aims to achieve two closures: firstly, to limit the introduction of the patient to the basic level that will produce a palatable result and secondly to assure every other individual, especially the word-related specialists, of the valuable pillar, scattered, and spilled radiation. During the assessment time frame, only the radiation portions at the control site were considered and the radiation portion comprising the filter area was ignored, which was unimportant by any stretch of the imagination.
The filter used between the X-ray cylinder and the patient must be changed within three months. Since it is extremely impossible to maintain a strategic distance from ionizing radiation in clinical demonstration tests, therefore, it is an ideal opportunity to assess the overall assessment of the risks and advantages of introducing radiation during clinical analytical tests. The aim of the investigation was to quantify the part of the patient during radiation imaging systems such as x-ray, CT scan, MRI and thus establish the extraordinary health risk of disease risk of patients experiencing x-ray and CT innovation.
Ramos et al., "Effects of radiation in interventional radiology using biological and physical dosimetry methods: A case-control study", Proc. Lerchl et al., "Tumor promotion by exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields below human exposure limits," Biochem. Prihoda, “Genetic damage in human cells exposed to non-ionizing radiofrequency fields: A meta-analysis of data from 88 publications.
