The majority of students do not read anything except what is in the syllabus, there is hardly any reading for pleasure. I visited Damascus in the mid 1980s, thinking about the ruins and devastation brings tears to my eyes.
INDIGENOUS IDENTITY & THE NEW LIBERAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY
In this article, I have used ecofeminist lenses to examine the conflict between indigenous identity in Bangladesh's Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) and CHT's new liberal development interventions in the use of land and natural resources. Chittagong Hill Tracts is a unique area of Bangladesh with its diversity both in landscape and indigenous people.
AN ECOFEMINIST PERSPECTIVE
Under new liberal development regimes, indigenous people face threats to their collective identity embedded in deep connection with land and nature (Pandey, 2017; Swiderska, 2021). The first premise connects the conflict between indigenous people's identity and new liberal development policy with ecofeminist understanding of oppression of nature through patriarchal, capitalist and colonial framework.
CONCEALED IDENTITY & INDIGENOUS LAND RIGHTS IN BANGLADESH
The above-mentioned articles of the constitution protect those affirmative actions of the state that could otherwise amount to discrimination (Halim, 2008; 76). The cases of land dispossession suffered by the indigenous peoples of the plains are perhaps even more widespread than in the case of the CHT.
PIONEERS OF DEVELOPMENT
Since the division created India and Pakistan with two distant wings, Bengal in the east remained subject to the whims of the west. In rural Bangladesh, investing in girls' education is the new normal.
TRIBUTE TO BANGLADESHI WOMEN
Garment export revenue reached US$1.20 billion in the fiscal year of Bangladesh's total exports). To remain competitive in the global market, one of the important strategies has been product diversification and market access.
ACHIEVEMENT & ASPIRATION
BANGLADESH ECONOMY
Medium and low growth projections are more important and are considered here.1 Following are the important points to note. First, negative growth begins in 2056-2061 in the low growth projection, but not in the medium growth projection. Gray workers turn to state social protection - the only source of life - in the absence of pension funds for them and if they did not have enough income to save and opportunities to invest.
The high concentration and distant destinations tend to exacerbate shocks from changes in the export receiving countries and rising transport costs. The memories of that night are still vivid in the hearts of many, about Operation Searchlight.
EYEWITNESS ACCOUNTS OF MARCH 25, 1971
I left the front and back doors open and put a table next to the high wall in the back so you could easily climb over. In this atmosphere, the sound of distant gunfire gradually grew closer to our house. We chose the safe place in the house, in the small passage between two rooms.
I was sitting with my elder daughter (Nasreen, alias Shilu) in the room where Road number 32 was visible through a window. As we passed by Rokeya Hall in the car, we saw that a huge rain tree, which had been cut down to block the road, was being cleared away by Pakistani army men.
ALY ZAKER & THE LIBERATION WAR
Listen, I have important things to tell you," said Kabir Bhai, "Have you heard the programme, 'The Whole Truth', broadcast by Radio Pakistan, Dhaka?". I am in charge of the English Swadhin Bangla Service Betar Kendra (Independent Bangla Radio Station).Also, every other day, I had to compose a line, The Naked Truth, to answer Pakistan's Whole Truth.
So he somehow climbed out of the bunker and rolled down to the Baliadanga Swamp. At the end of the war, I gladly gave all my papers and tapes to the authorities.
A FREEDOM FIGHTER REMINISCES
IH: Discussing the war is a good start, starting with what inspired you to join and where it has brought the country today. Trustee Didar (TD): We the youth of 1971 brought the dream of a Bangla Sonar which we studied and felt the exploitation of which was abundant in those days. I left home when I was 12 years old, got selected to join Faujdarhat Cadet College from where I completed HSC in 1970 and joined Dhaka University, I was 19 years old.
INTERVIEW OF TRUSTEE FREEDOM FIGHTER
COMPANY COMMANDER’S RECOLLECTIONS
One of those in our group was a distant uncle who was in the film industry, an assistant director. After the war, one of them wanted to stay back in the army and was officially commissioned with the second batch. I was not a student of Dhaka University, but I was in the processions and heard the names of the four Caliphs (Char Caliphs) and went to their meetings.
There were many people from Uttar Pradesh and Bengal in the East India Company army. IH: Thank you for your contribution in the liberation war and also in the intellectual field.
FROM DHANMONDI TO RAJSHAHI
On the night of March 25, we were greatly distressed by the crying and screaming of women and children coming from the direction of the East Pakistan Rifles (EPR) headquarters. It was so inadequate that the military could have removed it in minutes. The young men had a premonition that the army would take to the field that night.
Confused and stunned by the sounds and sights, we climbed up to the roof to understand what was going on. We all went to the roof to understand what was happening.
COLONEL ZAMAN’S ONE-MAN BAND
As he waved me goodbye, one of the fighters told me that the Indian artillery deserved credit for the success of the operation. However, on my return I found that the jeep had disappeared from the place of the ambush. But we had no instructions from the Bangladesh government or the army chief's headquarters about the future of the freedom fighters.
S A Hai, a Bengali officer of the Army Medical Corporation, was killed in Jessore on March 30. Imam and I were brought to one of the sections and put in the same cell.
1975 JAIL KILLINGS
This was the jail where Badrunnessa Ahmad (his wife) was also imprisoned for a month in 1954. Imam, Secretary Khondokar Asaduzzaman and Khairul Kabir, Managing Director of Janata Bank were also brought to the jail and put in jail I saw that the whole yard of the prison was divided into parts with high walls.
Professor Akhlasur Rahman was very good at bridge and was the life of the party after his arrival in our section. Not only was there no news, but irritatingly, the prison authorities would black out anything they deemed political (and therefore objectionable) before allowing the paper to be read.
PRISONER NURUDDIN AHMAD’S RECOLLECTION
Janab Khaleque, a Maulana Shaheb who was imprisoned with us, represented the prisoners before the jail authorities regarding our food. Quite often, the prison officers were able to get large sums of money with the scammers. We were hunted in the repulsive politics of the period after the assassination of Bangabandhu.
I gave him the milk and cookies I had in my cell and walked out the prison gate with Asaduzzaman, who was released with me that day. In chapter 4, called "Genocide", the author (like many other Bangladeshis) confronts "the emotion of the first.
BOOK REVIEW
On the night of March 25, 1971, Dhaka University became a predictable target for the Pakistan Army. But the semi-colonial experience was only one aspect of the subalternity of the Bangalees. A mass killing inside a university by the Pakistan Army may shed some light on this.
It contains the most comprehensive data on violence in Bangladesh in 26 categories over the past nine years. The Walking Museum on 1971 Genocide: The birth of Bangladesh cannot be contemplated without considering the glorious role and painful sacrifice of the University of Dhaka.
DECODING TERRORISM & COUNTER TERRORISM IN BANGLADESH
In recent years, recruiters of violent extremist groups have used cyberspace as a platform to radicalise, recruit and train.4 To counter the threat of cyber terrorism, Bangladesh has established the National Telecommunication Monitoring Center which helps monitor of such activities.5 Dhaka also took smart counter-terrorism steps by disseminating counter-narratives through or promoting tolerance in society through commercials, posters, documentaries and films and mobile app-based grievance mechanisms and information sharing capacity known as Hello CT, Report 2 RAB and BD Police Help Line.6 The government is working with relevant agencies such as the Islamic Foundation Bangladesh to prepare and disseminate religious counter-narratives, the prescribed Khutba (which is provided during the Jumman prayers on Fridays)7 formulate and redesign the curriculum of the Madrasah education system. 9Bangladesh Institute of Peace and Security Studies, “National Workshop on Countering Violent Extremism-Capacity Building Program (CVECBP)”. The statistics and figures reflect Bangladesh's improvement and success and its determination in the fight against terrorism and violent extremism.
Finally, despite the male-dominated domain of terrorism and violent extremism in Bangladesh, women have often been implicated as perpetrators in the past few years. Hidden Threats and Missed Opportunities to Prevent and Counter Violent Extremism in Indonesia and Bangladesh,” The RUSI Journal, 164, no.
DISCUSSION DIALOGUE
Basically, during my personal work on climate change, I was able to have two influences, one was when I worked with the Bangladesh Ministry of Disaster Management in 2013-2014, I was part of policy making on disaster management and climate change. In addition, on the side of climate change, we participate in the climate change conference every year and advocate policy-making in the climate parliament as well. We all get on well together, but we lack moral or civic sense in these cases.
Politics is primarily about working for people and working under the reflection of people's ideas. The dire state of the country gave Henry Kissinger the courage to infamously call Bangladesh a "bottomless basket" that same year.
INNOVATION & PARTNERSHIP FOR DEVELOPMENT
At the time of independence in 1971, Bangladesh's economy was in shambles, battered by years of Pakistani economic oppression and battered by natural disasters, including the massive 1970 cyclone that caused 250,000 deaths; and finally, from the destruction caused by the war. Because of Bangladesh's impressive development journey, that doomsday scenario is now fast becoming a distant nightmare. The journey began with relief-based interventions, which soon embraced the ideas of safety nets and then safety ladders.2.
Non-governmental organizations helping Bangladeshi refugees in India, such as Oxfam, started relief operations in Bangladesh right after independence. United Nations began relief operations on 24 August 1971, as the United Nations Relief and Works Agency in Dacca (UNROD).
THE RISE OF BANGLADESH
In the aftermath of the devastating famine of 1974, the Bangladesh government introduced two programs. Successful application of the graduation approach can lift people out of ultra-poverty in 24 months. The life and culture of the forest communities revolves around the forest and its ecology.
Reservation of the forests, beginning in the days of British colonial rule, has severely curtailed the rights of various ethnic communities to the land and forests. Monoculture plantations have been the greatest threat to native forests in the hills and plains, affecting the life and livelihoods of forest-dependent communities.
