Based on this, the study argues how different patterns of representation of Bangladesh are constructed in travel narratives. Students must submit at least four copies of the article (one for the ULAB library, one for the master's program, one for the registration office and one for the thesis advisor). I understand that if it is proven that part of my thesis has been plagiarized, the university may revoke my master's degree in social sciences.
Master of Social Sciences (MSS) in Media and Journalism Studies (MSJ) University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh (ULAB).
Introduction
Study Framework and literature Review
Research Design and Method
Research Findings and Discussions
Representing Bangladesh for foreign travelers 18
Discussion: Comparison between foreign and local travel writings 65
Conclusion and Recommendations
Introduction
- Background of the Study
- Types of travel writing
- Why people like to write and read about traveling
- Research Objectives
- Research Question
- Significance of the study
- Limitation of the Study
The aim and purpose of the travel writing is important, otherwise the writing can become a showpiece for the tourism industry. There are many places to explore in Bangladesh and the traveler can share his/her experience through travel writers. The academic significance of this research is to investigate how cultural representation creates meaning in the perception of the readers of travel writing in different media.
At the same time, the nature of travel writing in newspapers and blogs is not uniform and therefore requires more serious investigation.
Study Framework and Literature Review
Literature Review
First-hand travel writing is a very good example of identity formation. Travel writing is a first-hand experience for the author and reflects and recognizes the themes of Russia.” In this quote, I notice that travel writing represents the culture and behavior of people.
In this research I found a relationship with my research which shows that the Bengali travelogues represent the country, the people, the place and the culture.
Theoretical Framework
Conceptual Framework
Representation of Bangladesh
Research Design and Method
As it is a qualitative and exploratory research, the main focus is on the content analysis of the travelogue records. I was given many books on travelogues but I took only four books to study. One book shows Bangladesh from the perspective of many foreign travelers and the other three books are the views of local travelers.
The books I selected for my study were very organized thematically and it was easy for me to codify from the text. Moreover, the selected books also reflect the same themes, which is why I chose these four travel books. Based on content analysis, this study adopts an interpretive approach where I review and interpret the content of travel books to discover how the nation and its place is represented in the writings, what are the issues picked up by writers, what kind of beauty is sought and what kind of activities are offered to a potential tourist.
Therefore, the central design of this study is devoted to finding themes and arranging them in a way that they can meaningfully answer the research questions posed.
Variables of the study
Travel writing has been defined earlier in a way that is distinct from travel and tourism writing. So this is a variable that brings some literary value to this study and this is what I actually want to write about in my travel writing thesis. Bangladesh has been represented in many ways, but in my study through travel writing I am looking at the geographical and cultural representation of different tourist destinations of Bangladesh.
In my research, the study population is contemporary travel writing representing Bangladesh. Among the great sources of travel writing across the platform that build the population of this study; One English book and three Bengali anthologies of travel book contents were selected for content analysis. After doing some systematic studies of travel books, I selected some topics mostly mentioned in those books and coded accordingly.
So, based on the topics, I found that most of the books have the same topics. I coded the textual analysis based on the frequency of the most mentioned topics and activities.
Research Instrument
For the study, the books selected are "Experience Bangladesh" edited and published by Ashrafuzzaman Ujjal and the other three books are "Deshe Berao Desher Manush-vol: 1, 2 and 3" published by Bangladesh Tourism Extension Forum (BTEF) . Textual analysis is a way for researchers to gather information about how other human beings make sense of the world. Methodology or a data collection process for those researchers who want to understand the ways in which members of different cultures and subcultures understand who they are and how they fit into the world in which they live (Mckee, 2003).
The purpose of text analysis is to describe the content, structure and functions of the messages contained in texts. The important considerations in text analysis include selecting the types of texts to be studied, acquiring appropriate texts, and determining which particular approach to use to analyze them (Frey, Botan, & Kreps, 1999). So in my research textual analysis is applicable to find out my research objectives which is representation of Bangladesh through the travel writings.
Research Findings and Discussion
Representing Bangladesh for foreign travelers
- Center of attraction
- Forest
- Island
- Tourist Places
- Ocean
- Beach
- Capital City
- Center of Activities
- Adventure
- Bicycling
- Hospitality
- Archeology
- People & Culture
Here travel writers share their feelings about the natural beauty of the islands of Bangladesh. So during travel and travel writing in literature, the story of Bangladesh generally comes out along with the travel description. The palace at Puthiya is one of the finest examples of ancient royal architectural splendor.
One of the most famous tourist places in Dhaka is Ahsan Manzil, which is an attractive area for foreign travelers. This is one of the must-see buildings in Dhaka with its rooms furnished in the style of the era in which it was built, and its garden and view over the river. Cox's Bazaar is rated as one of the natural wonders and the longest uninterrupted sandy beach in the world, which attracts local and foreign tourists even in the off-season.
The fascinating Chawkbazar is one of the largest wholesale markets in the country where people can get all kinds of products. From there it is just a few steps east to the Armenian Church, one of the oldest in the region. I was surprised by the contrasts in the city, and never more so by my visit to a huge multi-storey shopping complex, one of the largest in Asia.
Exploring the largest mangrove forest Sundarbans and the Royal Bengal Tiger is as adventurous for any traveler as the tiger known to be one of the most furious animals on earth. We left Dhaka unclearly as it was 3am and most of the roads were empty. I was charmed by their youth, energy and enthusiasm and touched by the genuine hospitality and friendliness of the people I met in the village.
In the travel book Experience Bangladesh, the writer explains her experience with the history of the archaeological site of Moinamoti.
Travel Activism: Travelers as Writers
- Bangladesh Tourism Expansion forum: Deshe Berao Desher Manush
- The BTEF Focus: Representing Bangladesh
- Writing focuses on unusual spots
- Theme wise traveling
- Culture and Festivals
- Off track traveling
- Archeology and History
- River Traveling
- Islands
- Beach
- Legends
- Forest
- Literary travel writing
- Travel writing and publication
In the introduction of the travel book titled "Deshe Berao Desher manush, Vol.3" the editor says,. BTEF members usually select the places that are not established travel destinations in the country so that people become aware of these places and get ready to visit. They write about unusual places through travel writings that promote and inspire travel in the country.
A trip to the sea to explore whales and dolphin in the Bay of Bengal under the territory of Bangladesh. In The book -3 the travelogue titled “Ajhodda gramer kodla Moth” dealing with the 17th century archaeological structure at Bagerhat district. In the travel book "Deshe Berao Desher Manush-vol: 1, 2 & 3" they published their travel writings under the theme 'river'.
In the paper, the author described an unknown river named "Jadukata" located in Sunamganj district. For three days we just walked along the largest sea beach in the world. 1” travelogue titled “Ramnath Bishwash: Desher Prothom Vu-porjotok”, says the author about Ramnath Bishwash,.
1, 2 &3” the forest travel stories can make travelers and readers interested in exploring the forest areas. These books will be released at the Ekushey Boimela, an international book fair in Bangladesh. The financing of these publications comes from donations from members based on their own interests.
Discussion: Comparison between foreign and local travel writings
In this section, I intend to make a comparison between these two types of travelogues that I have explored in the previous sections. In my content analysis, I found records of the sea beach in various samples of foreign and local travel records. So, in travelogues with these observations and experiences, they clearly paint some hidden beauty.
The representation of Bangladesh comes out through the travel writings in different patterns from two different perspectives. In this chapter, I categorized two types of travel writing that represent Bangladesh in travel books. In the first part, I have discussed contemporary travel books that represent Bangladesh to foreign travelers.
The section below describes shows the different perspective of representation of Bangladesh in contemporary travel books for foreign travelers. In the second part, I discussed the groups of local travelers who are dedicated to travel. They inspired and motivated young travelers and locals to visit those places and feel the countryside.
They documented through travel writings in the form of newspaper articles, blog posts and books to motivate the local travelers to visit these places. So general readers and local travelers become interested in traveling more in their own country.
Conclusion and Recommendation
Summary
I analyzed their point of view through the content analysis of their documents, more precisely travel books. I realized that Bangladesh has so many places to travel and through travel writings, they focus on potential travel destinations. As part of their travel activism, local travelers want to see new and unusual places to explore the beauty of Bangladesh; of its people and their livelihood, culture and history.
They took up travel writing as another means of their activism to represent the country so that local travelers and general literary readers would be interested in exploring our homeland. And, it can be said that an overall view of the Bangladeshi landscape is portrayed through all these travel writings.
Conclusion
Together with the local travelers, they represent Bangladesh more vividly as they are travel activists, writing about the unusual places, cultures and livelihoods that create a local tourism discourse.
Recommendation
Bibliography
Ilaalcha Afrikaa Barreeffama Imala Keessatti: Bakka bu’iinsa Itoophiyaa, Keeniyaa, Rippabiliika Koongoo fi Afrikaa Kibbaa, 1930–2
