ｾ Department of Agricultural Engineering ;.ｾ ｾ ｆ｡ｃｉｊｾｙ of AjjriculturalｔＮ｣ｾｮｯｬｯｧｹ Unlvtr.lltas GlldjahMads
•
IS
be
ＢＬＬＬＮｫＮｾＬ August
2
0 13
The International Symposium on
Agricultural and 8iosystem Engineering
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS
"Improving The Role of Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering Toward Food & Energy Self-sufficiency and Sustainable Agriculture"
Supported by: Sponsored by:
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ｉ｜ＧﾷｾｾｾＢＧＺＧＮｊＧ
ISB:\.
978-602-14315-0-4
Editor:
Lilik SuuaTso
\luniningnun
Rc"ic\\crs:
Prof Dr, Sakae ShihusaIVa(Tokyo Uni versit y ofAgricul [lire andTeehnology, Jap"n)
Prof. Dr. Sumio Kawano (Kagoshima CnivcrsilY. Japan)
Prof: Dongil Chang. Ph.D. (Chungnam ｾ｡ｬｩｯｮ｡ｬ Uni\"ersity. Korea)
Associate Professor Taka:.hi Okayasu. Ph.D. (KYliShu Uni\er;;iIY)
Prt,)f. Vinod Jindal. Ph.D. (Visilling Profcs:l>or..\1ahidol Uni\crsit)'.Thllil::md)
Prof. lk Sahid SusanTo(L:niH:rsimsGadjah Marla, lndonc:.ia)
Prof. Dr. Budi Rahardju (Unhersitas G:ldjah ;,,'Iada, Indonesia)
ｐｲｯ｣ｻＧ･､ｩｮｧｾ
The Inlcnl:llional Symposiulll Oil Agricullural and lJiosystcm [ngilll'('ring 2013
ThclIle : Improving The Role of Agricultural and l3iosystclll Engineering Toward Food and Em:rgy Self-sul"ticiency and Su:.:tainable Agriculture:
Published ｢ｾＧ :
Jurusan Tcknik PenanianFukulJasTcknologi Penanian Unin:rsitas G<ldjah i\lada
JI. Flom :'\0.1 Bulaksumur. Yogyakana. IndonC'sia 55281
Telephant' fa:-- :-62-274-5635-12
£-moil: [email protected],id
Copyright law protected
])on'l to qUOle, reproduce and translate :':0111e or all of these boob without the permission of the Pllbli:.:hcr
First Edition: 2013
The Illternational Symposium on AClltullural orHI B,osystem ｅｉ｜ｾｩｬ｜ｾｾＧｬｮｧ (ISABE) 2013
ｾ
LIST OF CO'<TE'<T
Foreword .
Li!lt ofCOntCnt .
MAIN PAI'EH.
. II
Inlonn:uiz:ltion Agricuhure in Japan Author: Tnkashi Okayasu
SUB-TII[.\I[: POSTH...\IH/[ST.--\1\'1) FOOO [i'"GIi\EEnL'\'G
\'1-1
ｄｾＧｳｩｧｮ ofThcnnal Conductidty Apparatus Base on Tran::.iC'nt-statc Radial Cylindcr A-I Method
Authors: Bal11bang Dwi Argo, \v,'ahYlInallto A. Nugroho. VOl'S B. Pristya and
Ubaidillah
Effect Extraction \'1cthod of Composilion Fatt)' Acid Dieng Carica Seed" Oil ｉ｜Ｍｾ
(Carica candamarcensisHOK)as Edible Oil
Authors: Dcwi Larasati, Haslil1r1 andBUl1lbclllg KUl1arto
Adsorption Equilibrium Sntdies of Hio-Based Butanol from Fennelllation Broth by A-3
Immobilized of PotatO Starch Sorbenl Authors: Dina Wahyu, Tsair-Wang Chung
Q\1ality ｒｾＧｶｪ･ｷ oCThr("c Types ofｍｾ｜ｬＱｧｯ･ｳｴ｣｣ｮ Using Ultmsonic Wavc" /\--1
Authors: EllllllY Dannawmi, Amir Hnlllzah
Intluence of Air Flow Rate on DI)'ing Characterislics ofClo\c .-\-5
Authors: Jun:lcdi Muhidong, lnge Scorpi Tulliza (lnd Ishak
ｐｾｲｦｯｲｬＱＱ｡ｮｲＮＺ･ Tesl of EC]LlipmciIl And Ｎ｜ｾ ｃ｜ｾＧ hines Of BClI1[IIW !,vliIIer for A-n
Mcchanization Technology DC\'clopmC'nt Of Hanana ｬＧｲｯ｣ｾｳｳｩｮｧ In South
Kalimaman Provine..:
Til<.> Imernatlonalｓｹｲｮｰｯｾｩｵｭ on Agritultur;; andｂｬｯｾｹｳｴ･ｭ Engineennll(rSAB::) 2013
Continuous Dehumi di tita tiOIl of Organic Sorbent Powder ill Two Connc\:ted A-7 Fluidizcd Beds with A Cooling and A Heating Pipe
J\uthors :Sukmawaty,Syahrul
Method of Waxing on Quulily and Shelf-life ofSemi-Clltting :Vlangosteen in Low A-S
TempcffilUre Stomgc
Authors: Usman ,\hmad. bnmy. Dannuwati. and :\Iur Ruhma Rcfilia
AcithtiedSodiulll ChloriteTreatments for Improving Shelf-life of Unripe Shredded A-9
Papaya
Authors: Vinod K. Jindal. PompailinSimatand NipOli Chmnchan
Fighting for Malnutrition in Indonesiaby Production of Anificial Rice Based on ..-\-10
ArrowRoot and Cassava with Addition of Cowpea
Authors Danial Fatchllrmhman, \Venny Bekti Sunarharum, Anugerah Dany
I'riyal1lo,Fathy Fasial Bal1£tnllll
Produci Featun:sandCOSlAnalysis
or
fl.10CAS (ModIfiedCassa\'aSt.areh) Based A-IIBakel)'PrOOllC!:;
Authors: Darmawan Ari Nugroho. Ibnu WahidFA
Fuel Feeding Rate ControllingBase on tlKTemperatureDistributioll Simulation 011 /\-12
Rosella Pod (Hibiscll.\' sabd(lI"!Ur/ finn) DI)'illg Prol'css
AUlhors: Dyuh Wulandani. Leopold Oscnr ;-iclwan. IMad..: Dewa Sllbrata
Idelllification ofｄｾｴ･ｮｮｩｮ｡ｬｬ｜ Factors in Processing and Technology: A Case Study A-13
ofFruit ProcessingIndustries (Fl'ls) in Indonesia
Author: Ida Bagus Suryaningrat
ProfileｯｦｔｨｾＧ Pe<ll1lll Moistun: ContelH During Deep Bcd Drying
Authors: Ans<lr, Sirajllddin,Widhiantari
'"
Theｬｮｬ･ｭ｡ｬＧＨｬｮｾ SymposIum onAgri'll!llJr011o1ndSoosyslem Eniｮ･ｾｲｩｮｧ (lSA6Ejl013
-Effect LindakCacao Fntir Macurity(Theobroma Cacao F.)wnh High Level of A-15
Polyphcnolsas Amioxidanls
Au\hors :Jumriah Lrll1gkong and ivlulyrni Iv!. Thahir
Studyof Active Packaging System byUsing Ethylene Adsorber10Prolong the A-16
StOt1Igo: LiteofAvocndo Fntits(P('rseaolllericlIJw Miff)
Author: Lilik Pujantoro. Andi :-.l'urfaid.1.h and Yadi Haryadi
The Dc\､ｯｰｭｾｴＱｉ of Technology Bundle in Packaging of Export Quality of A-17
\ ｬ｡ｬｬｧｯｾｴ･･ｮｳＧ T ranspomn ion
Authors: Ni Luh Yulial1ti and Gcdc Arda
Synthesis ofChitos<ln·Ag+<IS Anlibackrifll l'vbterial 1\-18
Authors: Shinta Rosalia Dcwi.Sri Juari Santosa and Dwi Sis\\anw
Developmcnt of Collee ｬｩ｣｡ｮｾ Calfeine Extraction using PressurenndTempcr:.Hurc A- [9
Controllable ReactOr
Author: Sukrisno WidyotOlllO
Optimiz:llion ofThc High Refined C..--lIulosc Process Production frol11lhc Sago A-20
Fiber\V,lsleby j\ Ddigniticmion ｐｲｯ｣ｾＧｳｳ Involving Nitric Acid. Sodium hydroxid-:
and Hydrogen peroxideasThe Dcligniljcming Agent
Author: Suprmno
Sl!H-T1IE:\IE: L\'ERGY ANO AGRICUI.TURAL ＧｉＺ｜ｃｉｾｅｒｙ
Technical Allalysis and Performance Test of A Small Scale Hanana Milling
t>.lachine
,\uthors : ;\dc M Krnll1:1clibrala,Totok j-krwnntoand 130yRic:lI'c!o
The International Symposium on Agricultural and Boosys:em :nginecrmg (.SABE) 2013
Oesign of t-.lcnsurcmen! System \\'aler Comen! in Pressurized Chamber withollt B-2
Disturbing the Process
Authors: Anang L.'1striytanto. Sudjito S . Roedy Sand SUlllardi
DC50ign of Farm Road Construction at the Tel1iary Plot of Paddy Field B-3
Authors: Aso:p S:lp<..'i. Erizal. Tatang SUlllarna
Acrodynamics Properties of Castor Bcan and It's Application for Blower Syslem at 13-4
Ricinus CaSlOr Bean Ilulling Machin\:
Authors: Cahyawan C:tlllr Edi \'brg:llla, Rahmat Sahani. and Baklruddin
The EtTectofSugarcanc Liller Compost toSoil Physical r-,..lechanical Properties and 13-5
Ramon Sugarcane Perfonnancc
Authors: Iqbal. TinekC' Mandang.E. :"'amaken Semhiring, ｾｉＮａＮ Chozin
Tillage CharUl:t\.'rblics of Rotavators in F3ml:l.nd Conditioll of Korea H-u
Authors: Dae-Cheol Kim, Ju-Seok"\lam. t\lyoung-Ho Kim and Dae-Chun Kim
Feasibility Alwlysis of Palm Oil \1il1 Efl1ucnt lJtilizalion as A Source of Electrical 8-7
Energy
Authors: Supriha\in, E. Gumbira-Sa'id, O. SlIpnlllo. D,O. Suryanto and SMonu
Potentia I Product iOIl of i\griculturnl 13 yprodl.1cls :lnd The Economic Feasibi lily of B-8
Rice Straw as /\ Fecdstock for Bioelhanol in Korea
Authors: Yconghw3n Bac, Kidong Park, Keul11 Joo Park
Snldy on Oil Palm Fresh Fwit BUllch Bruise in I bnc:::.ling and Transpol1mion as A 8-9
Function (0Quali(y
Authors: Andreas \\'ah)'\l Krisdiano and Lilik SUliarso
Application of KUBOTA DC-uOfor PaddyWei Field Han'esling B-IO
l
ｲｨｾ ｉｮＺｾｲｮ｡ｴｩｯｮ［ＩＬＧ Symposium un AiricuｴｵｲｾＱ and Biosys(em Eng,neenog (I$A:I:!1013
Engineering Charactcristics and POIenlial Energy ofDil Palm Fntit Bunches B-II
Harvesting
Authors: Wawnn HCnll.:lWan. Dcsrial. Muhanumtd Iqbal Nazamuddin
Design of Iron Whc<.:1 of A Light Tractor for Crop l\laintenancc in L;nconsolid::ucd B-12
Paddy Field
Authors: !':'adilC P.A,S, l. W. ASllka. D, \1, SlIbnlta and A. Azis
Design ::mdPerformance Test oft\ktnl Kiln Venturi Drum Typefor Coconut Shell H-I}
Carbonization
Authors: S. Endah Agustina nnd Nllrul Hasanah
Design of Sugarcane(Sacc:/wl"l/m Officiiml"lllllL)CUlling :'vlachine for Seedling H-l-l
Pr..:paration with Bud-chip \Iethod
Authors: Siswoyo Soekamo, Luqman Budi Seti.:lwanandAskin
The Clay (omCn! Effect on the Formation of Shallow t\lolc Drainage: An 13-15
Experimental Study
Authors: Siti Suhary,:ltlill. 13nl1lbang Pllrwalltalla. Abdul Ro.mq and Nluhjidin
\1awardi
The Usageof Shaft to Shaft Transmission for ROli\l"YSaw Crusher for Paddy Stl"Uw 8-16
Authors: Tri Tlingglll, Tamaria Panggabcan and Hildal\gustina
Functional Intcr.lction between Pressure- and SoilSinkage for TCITl'strial Robotic 13-17
｜Ｇｾｨｩ｣ｬ･ｳ
Author: Lenny S:lulia
Design A Mechanical Device for ｾｴｮｫｩｮｧ Briquettes 8-18
Authors: Wiludjeng Tris.:lsiwi. AgllS t-.largiwiY3mo. Petru" Hary Tjahja SOl'dlbyo
A Method of Workload Application fur Tractorｔｲ｡ｬ｜ｳｭｩｾｳｩｯｮ 8-19
Authors: Su (hul Kim,Yoo Joo Kim. SCling lae Park
•
The IntErnallOnal Sympos,urn on Agricultural ond B,osYltemｅｮｾｩｮ･･ｲｩｲ･ !ISAB:) 2013
SCB-TIIL\IE: LA:'\'U A:\'D W.-\TEn IlESOCnCES J:::'\'Gl:\'EERI.'IG
Waler Conservation Concern inSuwk:lrta, ｬｮ､ｯｮＮＮＺｾｪ｡ C-l
Author: Agus Suyamo
Influcnceof Increasing Rain dueto Climateｃｬｩ｡ｬｬｾ｣ｯｮ Forest Slope Stability in Aso C-.::'
City. Kumamoto Pr..:lecturc.J:IP:lIl
Authors: Aril Aditian andT..:tsuya Kubota
Evaluation on Land Usc towardthe Environment SUpp0l1 ill POllorogoRegency C-3
Authors: I3nl11bang Rnhadi,TUllggul Sutnn Haji,Euis Elili Nurlelilland i\lovin
Lusiana
The Potential andConstraint!>of Agricultural EnginecringApplication inTidal C-4
Lowlands SUPPOl1 Sustainable Food Crops Farming lA Cas\,.' Study of Form..:r
ｔｲＺｬｬｬｾｭｩｧｲ｡ｴｩｯｮ Areaof Banyuasin Regency, South Sum:ltra Province. Indonesia)
Authors: Husin, Robiyanto H. Susanto. Henyamin Lakitan.Ardiyan Saptawan and
Yl. Yazid
The EffcL·\ ofElcvaliol1 Oil PlllllliJ1gC<lknclerill \\'i;st Timor ｕｾｩｬ｜ｧ Agriculluml C-5
ｒ｡ｩｬｬＡｾＱＱＱ Inde.\ (ARI) tvlclhods
Authors: Jonathan E.Koehuall andJuliScty:mto
Ana! ysis of Soi I Erosion011 The Catchment Ar.:a of Musi Hydro-POWc'r Plan!, C-f)
Bellgkulu Province
Authors: Khairul Amri. A. Halim,:'\!gudiamoro :'Ind1\1. FaiLBare-hia
Distribution and Char<l<.:teri:'lic of Landslide'i in Vokanie- \ lountains of West Java. C-7
ｉｬｬ､ｯｮ｣ｾｩ｡
Authors: Ngadisih. Ryuichi Yatabc. t'elr.L P. I3handary and Ranjan K. Dahal
rheIntc,nat,onal SVmp<Hium on Ag,iluJturJI Jnd Biosy,lemｾｮｧｩｮ･ＨＧＬｩｮｬｬ (ISABE)2013
S...dimcnt Relmed Disasters Induced by Imcnsc Precipitation During I lurricane ｃｾｓ
Events in :\IllC\'O Leon, ｍｾＧｸｩ｣ｯＮ
Auchors; Luura Sanchez-Cascilla, Tetsuya Kubota. Israel Cnnw-Silva and Hasna\\ ir
Prediction of Water Balance10Detennine Growing Period ofｓｬｬｧ｡ｲｾＧ｡ｬＱ･ C-9
(Saccharum OfficiI/arumL.)In Kalasan. Sit-man
ａｵｴｨｯｾ : K:unelia Dwi Jayanti,ｉｾｵｲｵ Sudira and Bambang I-Iendro Sunarmimo
EtTeclofSilica Extr:tClcd from Sugar Cane Bagasse and Compo:.t to Soil's Physical C-10
Properties Under Rninfall Simulator
Authors: ,\1usthofn Lmfi, Hafidz YuswandhilOUand Wahyun::uuo Agung:\l
Detenn;n;ng The Rclat;onships 8clwecn Soil Elecmeal CondnCli,ily nnd Some Soil C-II
Properties Measured by The Real-Time Soil Sensor (RTSS)
Author:. : Ni Nyoman Slllastri, Sakae Shibusflwa find f....I;l:.akazll Kodnira
lmpkmenlingAMinimum Em ironmcntal Flow nnd Its Effectson Wafer
Managemelltnt Sckmnpung IrrigatiollArea
Authors: Endro Pr3scryo Wnhono. D. Legonoand!stinrtolind 13.
C-11
C(Jl1stmim and Accclcnning Factors of Hydrology aile! \Yakr Resources in C-13
Monsoon ｒｾｧｩｯｬＱ for The Devclopment ofIrrigated Paddy Lal\d:A C:lse Snldy ,·n
!.lnli Island
Author: S::lhidSUSal1lO
Dcvdopmellt of !:lio-System Management for Land and\V<Iter Conservat ion of ("-14
Watershed
AUlhor: Snhid Susanro
Th.. JII:erll"tiollaf Symp:llil,lm 011 Agri(l,lflllraJ JOe' Biosysr",m rlleioeermg (JSMlE)ｾｏｬ｝
Prospec!i\'cs of Water Table Management on Reclaimed Tidal Lowl3nds with C-15
SubsurJilcc Drainage Systems (Case Srudy of Banyll Urip of Banyl.lasin, South
Sumatera Province. Indonesia)
Authors' Erry Koriyami. Robiyall1o H. Susanto. Dedi Setiablldidaya.ｾｧｬｬ､ｩ｡ｬｬｬｯｲｯ
and F.X. Suryadi
Load Force of Water in Tuocsall Irrigation Waler-Scooped Wheel
Authors: .\Johanllnad Agita Tjandra and Apri Roma Habeahan
Organic Y1ulching for Soil Water Conservation
Author: :'\1uhjidin Mawardi
I'erfonnnncc of Rotary Sprinkler on The 01)' Land
Author: Silli ;-"f ur Fl1ridah. Daniel Useng. ,\lahmud Aehmad. Aryuni
Soil Const'rvation ｓｴｲｾｬｬｬＧｧｹ for Potentially Landslide Areas in Gilltllllg
Sllh-Watershed. Celllral Java Province. Indonesia
/\uthors: Nur Airnlll Pulungfln. Chandnf SCly:man, So:kar Jatiningl)'as, Jllnun Sanohadi
SUB-THEME OJ: CNVIR01\'i\1ENTAL Ei\CI1\'EEnl.\'C;
Water Quality (0005 and COD) Mapping of West Tanull Calla I as \\Imer
R\,.'sourees JorJrrigalion
Awhors : MouJi Dc Rizka Dewantoro and Yan El J{izal U.D.
C-16
C-17
C-IS
C-19
D-I
n
CllllfilCICrislic of Friction and Shading Rate for AJ-Screl'n Curtain 0-2
Authors: Wonsi" Choi, Sunmi Choi. Kyungran Kim. Changju Lee. Jacyoung !3yun. undSungyoung Park, and Daeyoung Park
Tne InternJI onal Sympo,:um On Agritu.\UfJI ,,00 B,osystemｾｮｧｩｮ･･ｦｬｬｬＸ (ISABE) 2013
Utilization of Cassava Ped as Feed by Fcrmenwtiotl (Z,'1"O \Vast(' Application in D-3
Mocnr IndllStly)
Authors: Andrew Setinwan. Gcnsi Ginting. Sukatiningsih. Achmad Subagio
Ulilization of Tofu Liquid WasH: as Growing \lC'dia lor Hair Wom1(TI/bifex sp.)10 D--t
Reduce Environmental Pollution
AllIhors : Arief Muammnr, Aditya \'Iahendra, Astin R. Safitri
Cultivation ofChlol"ello5/). ill Tofu Processing W:lstcwater Using Raceway 0-5
Recirculated PondIlioreactor
Authors: WahyunantoA. t\'ugroho. r..'lustofa Lutti
Effect ofTransicni Organic LOJd f1ucnlation using Cassava ｜ｖ｡ｾｴ･ Water on D-6
Anaerobic Hybrid Reactor
Authors: Yllsroll Sugi<"lrlo. Pratin Kulbv:lllijayn
Reduction of (vlctal t-.lercury Concentration by The Plant's \·131a Lele(A::olla
pinllOIaR. H,..) lor Irrigation Waler
Amhors: Rllsnam. ,\smi\\arti and ;"laid:lr Pratomo
SUB-TIIEMEIh: 13I0PIIYSICSEi\GI!\I::ERI1\G
D-7
Inoculation of Uromyel:ldium Teppcrinnum Causes Gall Rust Disease in Various 0-8
ProvenmlCI,.'::' Sengon(Fafca/(l,.ia mofllcc{/I/(I(f\liq.)
Authurs: j\ricf t-.tu3mmar, Gila i\lcidiana. Filria R. RatmacJllnti. Sili H.f'.:urrohm:1h
and Diah Rachmaw.:ui
Spectral Imaging Technology for Quality r.:valtmtion of Agricultural ｲ｜Ｇｬ｡ｬ･ｲｩ｡ｬｾ D-9
AlIlhor: Byoung-Kwan Cho
TheＱＢＨ｣ｲｮｾｴｩｯＢｊｉ SYln ..ｾｳｩｵｭ onAericullUfJI,mcBiOWIlemＨｮｆＬｬｉＱ｣｣ｲｩｮｾ lISABE)20 1J
.
Phenotypic Characters Analysis of Cross Melon(Cucumis metaL.) Tacapn
Cuhi\'ar
Authors: Gallies Riza Arislya ,Andi"a Tripranl\ldya Ollggo. Budi Sctiadi D;ll)'otlO
Yield Function .'Vlodel of Vegetable Crops
Author!'.: Ralunan Ari[ Rahmad Hari I>umomo and HildaAgustina
Jelent!fic,ltioll of:"Jilrogcll Sw tliS in BmssicajUII("(:'{/L. Usi 11gCoIor MomCllt,
G LCMand 13ackpropagarion Ncural Network
Authors: [ Putu Gede I3udisanjaya.I. K.G. Dilflna Pulra andI ｾｹｯｬｬｬ｡ｮ Satya
Kumara
D-IO
D-II
0-1]
Rcal Time [)cto:ctionof Pin Hole on Worm-eaten Chestnut with 2CCD Camera 0-13
Authors: Soo Hyun Park,$00 Hee Lee. Seong t\lin Kim and Sang Ha Koh
Growth and Liglll Utilization EfficictKy of LCtltu:e as Affected by Frcquency and 0-1-1
DutyRatio of LED Illumination
Authors: JacSu Lco..: and Yong Hycoll Kim
i\ \Iodel-Based Approach for Extracting Viscoelastic Propenies from Ultrasound D-15
McasuretllCnls
Authors: Sri \Vnluyo.YaGlIO. (j;lJ)gYao"me!Jinglu T(Ul
Energy and｛ｭｩＡＧＮｳｩｯｮｾ on LClnuru(Sardinellasp.) Fishing in Bali Stmit 0-16
AUlhors; Miftahul Choiron, \Vahyu Supanono.Ag. Suryandono
Scale·upofProduction Systcm Prior to COlllmcn.:ial ｍｯｾｳ lSphagfl/l1ll sfJ-) Rooftop 0-17
Greeningｾｬ｡ｴＨＧｲｩｈｊ
Authors: Mirwan Cshada, WHdan Fnjar I3achtinr. Ario \\'ic<!ksol1o.llaruhiko
MUr:lse
The RoJ.: ofSct'd Producer in Mainwining Corn Production Susl<linabilily
Alllhors: \\'inda Amilia. Didik Pumadi. Hcnry Yuliando
Xt
Theｉｮｬ･ｲｮＳｴｯｯｮｾＱ Symposium en Agritvl(UrJI and B,owstem Engineeril\& (ISAB£) 2013
5 ri
Non DCSInH:live Measurcment of C:Hcchin ComelH ill Gambir(Unctlritl gambir 0-19
Roxb) Using NIR Spectroscopy
AUlhors: Andasuryani, Y.A. Purwanto. I.\\'.Budiaslra, K. Syamsll and Lady
C.E.Lengkey
NonDestructivc Prediction or Ripc-St.:lge Qualityof .\1:lt1go FrtlitCV 'UL'dvng ｄＭｾＨｊ
Gmeu'stored in Low Temperature byL\'IRSpeclroscoPY
Authors: Yohanes ATis Purwanto, Putri Wulandari Zainal, SUlrisno,L'SIll:lll
Ahmad. Yoshio Makino, Sciichi 0:.hit3, Yoshinori Kawagoc and Shinichi Kuroki
SUIl-TI-IL\IE : SYST£i\1 AI\D J\IAN.-\GE:'\IENT
Production Oplimization ofCmde Palm Oil al PTPK VII Unll Usaha l3etung by E-l
Csing Goal Programming Mcthod
Authors: Ra11l11"d Hari PUl'1l01110, En doArgo Kll11COroand ｜ｾ［ｬＱｩｳ Scpli:1I1
Application of Analytical Hierarchy Process in Selection ofl-krbal Product ｛Ｍｾ
Author:.: luh PUlll \\"rasimi. DC\\'a Ayui\nom Yuarini_ Ida Ayu i\lahalllla
Tuning",{ and 1Made Anom Sutrisna Wijaya
Subak Devcloplllcml'rograms to lmpkment Agro-[colOurism E-3
Authors: SumiY.:lti_ Wayan Windia. [ Wayan Tikuand Ni ;':yoillan Sulnstri
A Sll1dy on Delenninant Factor1\fTcr.:1ing ｐｃＧｲｦｯｮｮ｡ｮ｣ｾ of Palm Oil Productivity in E-t Pc1alnwan Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: \Vidya Alwarrilziand PUlll [langga
Oesignof Wireless Measurcrncnl of Soil Gases nnd Soil Environmcnl Based on ｅｾＵ
Programmable Systcm-oll-Chip lPSOC)
Authors: AriefSudar1ll3ji. Akio Kiwg:lwa and Junichi t\killl
Tile Internil:lOrlillｓｹｭｰｏｓｉｾｭ onａｧｮ｣ｵｬｴＧｾｲｊｉ i1ndBrnystem Engmeennl:1s/.SEj 2013
"
Development of UV and Violet Illumination SystC'm with High Power LED for [-6Fluon.:sccncC' lm.:lging
Authors: Ho)'oung Lee, Moon S. Kim. Soo HYUll Park and Sung Ha :.Ioh
Development or Real Time Change Point Analysis lorFidd En\"ironmcrHal
Informal ion inAgriculture
Authors: Andri Prim.:! Nugroho. Takashi Okrlyasu. tvluneshi MilsuOka. Eiji Inoue.
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Using Po:ak Sun HOllr Data
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Authors: Hanim Z. I\manah. Sikia Jnsanl'vluli:1\\'ati and Sri Raha)oe
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The International Symposium on Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering (ISABE) 2013
Non Destructive Prediction of Ripe-Stage Quality of Mango Fruit Cv
'Gedong Gillen' Stored in Low Temperature
by
NIR Spectroscopy
ｙｯｨｾｬｬＱ･ｳ Aris Punv<lntolJ Putri Wuland:.1ri Z<lillalJ Sutrisno· 5111:111 Ahmadi Yoshio ｍｵｫｩｮｯｾ Sciichi ｏｳｨｩｴ｡ｾ Yoshinori Kawagoe5and Shinichi Kuroki6
IDepartment of Mechanicaland Biosystel1l Engineering, BogorAgricultural University Email: arispurw:l1lto0.ipb.ac.id
ｬｃ･ｮｴｾｲ forTropical HorticultureStudies, l3ogor Agricultural L:nivcrsity JFacully of Agro-industrial Technology. Dharma Andalas University ｾｇｲ｡､ｵ｡ｴ･ School of Agriculwra[ and Life Sciences. The University of Tokyo
5College of13iorcsource Sciences, Niholl University bGraduate School of Agricultural Science. Kobe University
Abstract
This study demonstrates the use NIR spectroscopy to prediL't the internal ｱｵ｡ｬｩｴｾ
parameter in mango fruil non ､･ｳｴｲｵ｣ｴｩｶ｣ｬｾＮ Soluble solids coment (SSC). pH and firmness of mango fruits cv:Gedong Gincu') \\ere examined by NIR reflectance tolind out factors 10 be
considered in online detection. The wnvelength range of 1000-2400 11m was selected and data pre-processing was used 10 enhance ｴｨｾ precision of calibration models based all partial least square (PLS).The coefficient of correlation (r) of SSe. pH and firmness were 0.756. 0.94 and 0.89. and the stnndard error of prediction (SEP) ｜｜Ｇ･ｲ･ＲＮＱＰｾｯｂｲｩｸＮ 0.157 and 0.63 kgf. respectively. It is concluded that by using the NIR measurement system. in the appropriale spectral range. it is possible to nondestructively predict the ripe-slage quality of mango ft'uit i.e. SSe. pi I and firmness.
Ke.nrords: fl/al1Ko jmif, NiR specfl"OsC'Opy. inremal qualify. l1ondesfrucfil'e predicfion. ripe-s/age qlfalify
Introduction
Gcdong Gincu is one of the exotic cultivar mango fruit (.Hcmgl{em hu!ica L.) in Indoncsia due to ils sweet laSle. medium siL.e and beauly orange color. Mango tj'uit an;' usually harvested at the hard green stage (unripe) \\hen they are physiologically mature but before the onset of (he climacteric rise (Lakshminarayana el al.. 1970). Mature hard green mango fruit auain a superior eating quality \\ hen ripe \\ hile immature ones do not (MedlicoH et aI., 1988). After harvesting, the hard green mango fruits nre usually directly rransponed 10 market. in order to delay the ripening process during long-distance transportation. hard green mango fruits are stored at low temperaHlre condition. Monitoring of quality parametcr during this hi'lndling step \\ill be very imponanl.
"
The International SympoSium 00 Agricultural.md Biosystem Engineering lISAB::} 2013
whereby it 3nalyse sample rapidly (a fc\\ seconds per sample) and no need sample preparation (Pissard et al .. 2012: Saleh eta!" 2012). In addition. it is a chemical·free: (limited to the I"eagents required
lor
reference analyses and no waste is produced (Pissard et al.. 2012; Vanel
aI., 2009).and can be carried out on-line(Saleh eta!" 2012).The lise of NJR spectroscopy 10 measure internal qualil) attributes of fruits produce has been investigated extensively during the last decade. Use ofN1R spectroscopy in fruit is receiving extensive research efTorl. and commercial applications are in the earl) stage of implement8lion(Abbolt el al .. 1997: Armstrong. 1000), The abilit) 10 ｲ｡ｰｩ､ｬｾ 'scan' fruil on-line, and then son it. means that if a given characteristic can be accuratel) measured. fruit can be segregated inlO distinct classes and either handled or marketed In a different manner.
The variety of sHldied fi'uit is large. ranging from apple (Clark et al.. 1003: McGlone et al.. 2005: Alamar et al.. 2007), kiwi fhlit (Moghimi et al.. 2010). citrus (Kim et al.. 2004). mango (S,II'anwong er al.. 2003). mandarin (Guthrie et al.. 2005: Gomez et al.. 2006), peach (Carlomagno. et al.. 2004) and pear (Han et aI., 2006). 1\11orc applications and recent developments have been reviewed (Nicolai. 2007). Previous studies havcsho\\n thai f'\[R has the capability to cvaluatt: soluble solids contt:nt (SSC) in ript: mango fruit (cv:Caraboa') (Saranwong et ill.. 2001. 2003). The objeclive oflhis stud) \\as to develop calibration model and prediction orthe intcrnal quality parameter I.e. Soluble solid contcnt. pH and firmness in mango fruit cv. Gedong Gincu during low temperature condition using NIR ｳｰ･｣ｴｲｯｳ｣ｯｰｾＮ
Materials and methods
SaIIIpic Prep.lnlt iOIl
The 153 mango fruits cv. Gedong Gincu uSt'd in this ｳｴｬｬ､ｾ \\ere ｲ｡ｮ､ｯｭｬｾ divided into t\\O groups of samples: the first group \\as llsed [0 de\elop the calibration models (103 samples) and Ihe other for predicting qualil) and model validation purposes (50 samples).AlIsampleshadbeen harvested fi-om the samc fanner orchad during oneday at commercial maturity or at the level maturity of 80-85 pcrcent.Samplcs of mango fi'uits were stored at tcmperature of
13°C.
This was a simulation condition for long distance tnlllsponation for mango fhlits. Measurement was carried alit evel'Y 2 day5 during pel'iod storage of 22 days. After acquisitionofspectra. SSC was measured lIsing digital Refractrometer. pH was menslired using digital pll meter (0-2-1. HORIBA) and firmness \\as measured using Rheometer model CR-300.NIR Spectrn Collecting
Spectra of mango fruits \\we collected in the range of 1000-2-100 nm \\Ith an
incremem of 5 I1Il1 using
,
1\11RFlex t\ -500 (Blichi Labortechnik AG. Flawil. S\\ itzcrland) atroolll temperature 01'25
C.
Spectradata
were collected by measuring the diffllse reflectance ofsampJes. Operation ortlle instrument and data collection ofNIR spectra were conducted by llsing N1RWare 1.2 softw(lre (Blichi Lab0l1cchnik AG, Flawil. Switzerland).Chcmometric anal)siswas conducted by using NIRCal 5.2 sofh\are (BUehi Labortechnik AG. Flawil. Switzerland).A large amount of spectral dalais usually obtained from NIR inslrument sand )idd
suseful analytical information (Blanco and Vil1arroya. 2002: Osborne et al.. 1993). Ho\\-ever. the data acquired from NIR spectrometer contains background information and noise besides sample inforlllHtion. In order to obtain reliable. accurate and stable calibration Illodels. it isnecessary topl'c-process spectral data before lTIodeling(Cen Hnd
He.
2007). Spectral pre-pl'occssing techniques arc required 10 remove anyir I'clcvant information induding noise.·
.
The fntcrn.>tional Symposium on Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering lISABE) 2013
uncertamtles. variability. interaction sand unrecognized fcmures.Dcrcrmining of pre-treatment method 10 develop cl11ibration model NIR depends on material type and CQnlelH to be predicted (Mouazcn ct al.. 2005).
C:llibratioll model
Calibration model was established using PLS algorilhm.Slalistical parameters lIsed 10
c\aluate [he dc\eloped N1R calibration modclwcrc:
1) Bias. i.e .. the a\erage deviation bet\\cen the reference value (xn) and the predicted vallie ()n) of V·Set. It is recommended that Bins should equal to zero(\Villiams and Norris.
1990).
Bias
=
ｾ
I(x n
-
Yn)(I)
2) rhestandard errorofcalibrmionset (SEC), i.e., the swndard deviation of the differences bcmeen the reference value (x,,)and the predicted value (y,,) ofC-Set. colTccled for bias.
SEC =
ｊＭＧ｟ｾＨｘｮ
-
Yn -
Bias)' (1),\'-1
3) Thestandard errorofvalidalionscl (SEP). i.e .. the standard deviation of the diflhenccs between the reference value (Xl) and theｰｮＺｾ､ｩ｣ｴ･､ value (Yu)
orv-scl.
corrected for bias.SEP =
ｊｎｾｬ
2:(x n
-
Yn - Bias)"l (3)4) Coefficient ofcorelation(r) between [he reference value(xrl) and the predicted \·allle (Yo).
r = ｌＨｘｮＭｩＢＬＬＩＨｙｮｾｙｮＩ
JHX'1 XIl )2HYn YIl)2
The l1lodel is considered l1lore lIseful when I' value approaches I. whereby r value is larger titan 0.90, considered as highcorrelation (\Villiams and NOITis. 1990).
5) Coefficient ofdctermination(R2) bel\\een the reference value(XII) and lhe predicted value (l,,)·
G) Coeflicientofvariation(CV); CV in C-Set: CV = SEC X 100
x
CV in V-Set: CV = SEP X 100
.i
(5)
(6)
(7)
A very reliable calibration could be achieved \\hen the value or CV in C-Set \\as lo\\er than 5% and the value orcv in V-Set \\as lower than 10% (l\lltekel al .. 2006).
The International Symposium on Agrirultural and Biosystem EngillE!ermg (ISABEl2013
Results and discussion
NiH. SpcetnlAnalysis
Referencesdma ofSSe. pH and firmness in sample of mango fruits for calibration set
and validation set are shownon Table l.
Table I. Reference values ofSSe. pH and firmness in mango li"uits
N'
Minimum Maximum Mean SDSSC(°Bri.x)
Calibralion 103 10.23 21.07 16.55 3.12
Valid1uion 50 10.13 21.07 16.33 J._J'
"
pH
Calibration 103 2.99 <.78 0'<6 3.61
Validation 50 2.99 4.78 0.-15 3.60
Firmness(kgt)
Calibnllio!1 10J 0.26 3.9-1 1.27 1.62
Validation 50 0.28 3.93 1.30 1.57
Ｂ＿｜ｉｵｭｾｲ of samples
Figure I and 2 sho\\ original spectra and normaliLed pre-treatmcntNIRspeclra in mango IhJits. The original one sho\\s that there is a parallel shift of speclra. II occurred ｉｸＮｾ｡ｵｳ･ slXclra data ofNIR did not onI) contain sample information. but also background information as \\ell as noises. Therefore. pre-treatment \\as needed before modelling to get reliable. accurate and stable calibration model (Cen and H. 2007). Spectra data resulted from dilTuse reflectance measurement at solid sHlllple would be lollowed by scattering noise as a result of particle size difference (Chell et al.. 2013). This case \Vas supported by nlanco and Villarroya(2012) who acknowledged that physical propel1ies of solid samples influence spectra of solid samples. Spectra pilllt'l'Il of neat· inli'ared reflectance indicated that wavelength of 1215-1395 11m was CHz. 1450 nm and 1940 11m were water. 1765 nm was CH:? and celulose. and 2252-2400 was carbohydrate.
[image:18.604.75.526.199.355.2]"
The Internation<ll Symposium on Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering (ISABE) 2013
2400
2200
Carbohydrate
1940
O-H 1450
1400
1200
1600
1800
2000
nm
[image:19.601.86.522.92.414.2]Wavelength, nl11
Figllre 1. Original rel1eCl{\m:e NIR spectra of ll1::lllgo jj'uits
1000
0,2-RefleCtance
1,0
f i..
."
r
".
"CH
21215nm
03
ｾ
0-10 1450nITI
Carbohydrate
2152-2400
11m22W
2(-))
1WJ
I
CH, 1765
11m0-1-1
1940
11m0,6
u u
ｾ
I
ii;
u
u0.41
<::
u
'"
02'
I
,
0,0-lWO
[image:19.601.120.515.454.734.2]Wavelength. 11m
Figure 2. Normalized reflectance IIR speClraormango IruilS
The International Symposium on Agricultural and S.osyslem Engineering (ISABEj2013
C111ibration model
Calibralion and validation of t\IR speclra \\ere carried OUI to predict SSe. pH and firmness ormango fruils. Calibralion \\as oblained basedon the correlation bel\\een data of NIR reflectance with SSC, pi I and firmness (Table 2). For calibration set. il \\"as obtaint'd that l3ias. SEC. CVand ｒｾ \\ere 0.230. 2.10-1.26.12.72 and 0.571101' SSe. -O.()O-l.. 0.15707. -1.35 and 0.884 for pll, -0.048, 0.63,
38.S5
and 0.787 for tirlllncss. respcctiely. Fat' prediction set. it was obtained lor Bills. SEP. CV andR1
were 0.260-1.. 2.64867. 16.22 and 0.39 for SSe.-0.0006. 0.17512. 4.87 and 0.87 for pH. 0.009-1. 0.69. 43.84 and 0.75 for firmness.ｲ･ｳｰ･｣Ｈｩｶ･ｬｾＮ The resull showed lhallhc model has a good correlalion. This value \\as good as Mouazcn et <II.. (2005) slaled that calibration model having value ofJ{l bcl\\cen 0.66 and 0.81 indicmed approximate quantitative prediclions. bet\\cen 0.82 and 0.90 \\as considered [0 be a good pred ict ion. and larger than 0.91 revealed exce llent.
SEC and SEP value in [his slUdy has a quite small. This restllt was good since there \\as a small dif1erence bet\\een SEC and SEP values. Good calibration model has a small difference oct\\een SEC and SEP. A large ､ｩｭｾＧｲ･ｮ｣･ is an indicmiol1 ofcalibrmion SCI of nO! a represcntmi\e of validation set (Lammertyn el al.. 2000). When SEP value is larger than t\\O times than SEC. most likely over fitling will occur (I Iruschka. I990). SEI' \,(llues oflhis study were snuliler than SI:::e. which led to prevent the over lining.
[image:20.609.75.526.464.707.2]Figure J. 4 and 5 show data distribution ofcalibnllion and prediction ofSSC. pH and firmness. The I' value indicates that PlS \\as an appropriate calibration technique (0 e:\tracl spectra \arialian relate to SSe. pH and firmness ormanga fruils. l3ias value al set calibrarion for SSe. pll and firmness of this ｳｴｵ､ｾ \\ereO.2JO. -0.004 and -0.0-18. respecli\e1). When the evaluation was conducted using new sample at set validation. l3ias value for SSe. pH and firmness were 0.2604.-0.0006 and 0.009-1.. respectively.!t showed that acclIr<H:y ofca\ibration could be ITIClinlained to pt'cdict SSe. pH and firmness.
Table 2. Calibration and validmion ofNIR model for SSC. pH and lirmness
Calibration Validatiun
sse (o13rix)
",
10J i\1 " 50Bias 0.130 Bias 0.260-1
SEC
2.1O-l26SEP
2.6-1867CV(%) 12.12 CV(%) 16.22
R'
0.571R'
0.39pH
N'
IOJN'
50Bias -0.004 Bias -0.0006
SEC
0.15707SEP
0.17512CV (%) -l.]5 CV(%) 4.87
R'
0.884R'
0.87Firmness (kg!)
N'
103N'
50Bias -0048 Hias 0.009'
SEC
0.63 SEP 0.69CV(%) 38.55 CY(%) -l3.8-1
R'
0.787R'
0.75N·: number of samples
The International Symposium on Agricultural and 8iosystem Engineering (ISABE) 2013
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sse by
reference method and predictedsse by
NIR3 3.2 3,4 3,6 3e 4 4,2 44 46 4,8
o
ｯｾ
o o o ｹＮ｣｡ｾ･ＢＰＳＷＲ 1<'_0&64 00,0
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Figurc4.Measured pH by retel·ellce method flnd predictcd pi! byNIR
o
•
(0
o 0
y-0809.· OES2
I<'_C722 o o 0 0
o.
o oi
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[image:21.601.210.384.548.725.2]The Intern"tional Symposium on Agricultural and Biosystem EngineeringＨｉｓａｂｾＩ 2013
Conclusion
This study has eswblished a technique, based on \'IR spectroscoP) ofth.: fruit. for predicting the ripe-stage qualities i.c. SSe. pH and lirnllless of mango ft'llits C\ Gedong Gincu.
By
means of pani<ll least square (PI.5) regression relationship \\;15 establishedbetwcen reJkClance spcett'a and
sse,
pH and firmness parnmeters. PLS method I'esultcd good calibrmiol1 results forsse,
pH and Jirmness prediuioll. The prediucd valuC's \\ere highly correlated with destructively measured values. It was concluded that by using the NI R spectroscop) measurement system. in the appropriate spectral range. it is possible to nondestructivel) predict the SSe. pH and lirmness of mango !i·uit.Acknowledgement
This \\ork \\as supported b) Bilateral Exchange Program JSPS-DGHE Joilll Rcsc:lrch ProjcCt 1--1-1010 to 31-3-2012(JSPSlr\P/l09596 November20. 2009).
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August. -t-l.46.
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8. Clark.
c.J..
V.A. kGlone and R.B. Jordan. (2003). Detectionof bro\\ll hean in 'Braeburn' apple by transmission nNIR speclroscOP). PoslllwTe!'>f Biology GndTeclll1%gv 28.87-9.
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H
istoryand development. Laboralory Praclice31.
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77.313-319.II. Guthrie ..LA. K.B. Walsh. DJ. Reid and e.J. Licbenberg. (2005). Assessment of internal qutllity attributes of mandarin fruit
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The International Symp::lsium on Agriculturalｾｮ､ Biosystem Engineering (I SABE) 2013
13, Hruschka.W.R. (1990). Dara analysis: wavelength selection mel hods, In P. Williams and K. Norris (cds.) Near-!l!{rared tecll11ologv ill the agricllllllral alld food industries. St. Paul. MN: American Association ofCercal Chemists Inc.
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in the determination or basic chemical composition of pork and beef C=ech. .J. .--lllllll
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r
ki\\ iIrLl
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