Chemical Composition and Larvicidal Activities of essential oil of Piper betle from the Indonesian Plants against Aedes aegypti L.

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Chemical Composition and Larvlcidal Activitles of Essential Oll of Piper befle from the Indonesian

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I N T E R _{N A T , o I { A L}

Chemical

composition

and Larvicidal Actil'ities

of cssential

oil of Piper

betle from the Indonesian

Plants

agaif,rt

fiwdpgleppt!\ _ -n':

\ _ e n g r e s s

:: I'.

DWIWA[II'UNI

Dcpartment of Biology, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education- University of Jember, Indonesian

Mav.20I0

Abstract

Aedes aegypti are the most important of insects n,ell-knou'u fbr their public health importauce, since they act as vector for many tropical and subtrnpical diseases such as dengue fever, yellow fever. Aedes aegypti L. is thc ntu.jot' r'cc:lot' o.f tlengte .fl:ver, un endemic di,sease in Indonesian. In vierv of the recently increased interest in developing plant or;gin insecticitles as an altemative to chemical insecticide, this srudy rvas undertaxcn to assess the larvicidal potential of the essential oil colnposition ch, mical o1' Piper betle lrom the lnclonesian plants against medically important species of rnosquito vectors, Aedes aegypti L'. Methods: The essential oil u,as extracted by stearrt distillation and iherr chernical composition determined by GL -Chrornatography couple to mass spectroscopy. Bioef'licacy of the essentiul oil contposition chcrnical wa-s evaluated untler liibclrrtory conditions t'sing IIt - IV instars Aedes .regypli larvae. rvere analyzed by medsu:'€'ment of their LC50. Results: Among the cheruical c(rnl[rsition of the essentirl oil ale eugenol, kavikol and estragol, eugenol rvas the most sensitive (LC -5t) : "10. 6 ppm), followed by kavikol (54, 9 ppm) and estragol (57. 6 ppm). Interpretation & Conclu,rion: From the results it can be conclucled that lbe Aedes aegl'pti litrvae was susceptible to the eugenol. Such lindings would be uselul in pronroting researcrt airniirg at tlre developrnent ol'nerv agent for Aedes aeg.t'trtti laryae chernical cotnpouncls frotn 'ndigeiro'-rs

plant sources as an altemative to chenrical larvisides.based on bioactive

Key rvolds: larvicidal activity - Ae tles aeggoti - essential oils - eugenol, dengue