DEFENSE MECHANISM OF AMBA REFLECTED IN LAKSMI PAMUNTJAK’S THE QUESTIONS OF RED NOVELS (2014):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Derpartment
by
FITRAH ABDUL KAHAR A320120255
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
vi MOTTO
“Because one day you leave this world behind, so live a life you will remember.” Avicii
“Don’t worry about the failures, worry about the chances you miss when you don’t even try.”
“Allah intends for you ease, and He does not want to make things difficult for you.”
vii DEDICATION
Sincerely, the researcher would like to dedicate this research paper to:
My Beloved Father in Heaven, My Mother Hj. Jawariah, My Brother Amar Ma’ruf and Muamar Kadafi, and also My Big Family in Bima.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikumWr. Wb.
Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin. All praises belong to Allah SWT to his blessing and mercies given to the researcher, he can complete his research paper
entitled DEF ENSE MECHANISM OF AMBA REF LECTED IN LAKSMI PAMUNTJAK’S THE QUESTIONS OF RED NOVEL (2014) : PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH . In conducting this research, the researcher got some helps from many people. On this best occasion, the researcher would like to express his deepest gratitude and appreciation to the following people:
1. Allah SWT
2. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., Dean of School of Teacher Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
3. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, Head of English Department Muhammadiyah University,
4. Dr. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum. as the consultant who has patiently guided the researcher in arranging this work, provided time for consultant, and gave the researcher nice suggestion,
5. Nur Hidayat, M. Pd. as the academic consultant who has given the researcher guidance as long as she studied in Muhammadiyah University,
6. All lecturers of English Department, for being good educators, guide, and mentor,
7. his best gratitude for his beloved parents Bapak Ruslih in heaven and Ibu Hj. Jawariah “thanks for big love, prayers, support, motivation, and everything during his life,”
8. his beloved brother Amar Ma’ruf and Muamar Kadafi who have given love, care, prayers, and support. “Thanks for everything,”
ix
11. Thanks to his Family who contributed during his study H. Muhtar and Hj. Sukiati, Raodah (Bibi Dau), Halimah (Dae Lamu), and others who cannot be mentioned one by one.
12. Thanks to his beloved friends in Genk, Wahyu Setiawan, Pandu Herwinanda Putra, Fachruddin Aji Muhriffin, Dedik Saputro, Tomi Juniarta, Nidaul Khoiriah, Cynthia Putri, and also Innayatul Maula.
13. Thanks also to EMPEROR Family.
14. Those who cannot be mentioned one by one toward their support to the
researcher completing this research,
The researcher considers that this research paper is far from being perfect. Therefore, suggestion and criticisms are welcome and accepted. He hopes that this research paper would be valuable for readers.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Surakarta, 3, October, 2016 The Researcher,
x SUMMARY
FITRAH ABDUL KAHAR. A320 120 255. DEFENSE MECHANISM OF AMBA REFLECTED IN LAKSMI PAMUNTJAK’S THE QUESTIONS OF RED NOVEL (2014): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA, OCTOBER, 2016
This research aims to analyze defense mechanism of Amba, reflected on Laksmi Pamuntjak’s The Questions of Red novel, the purpose of the research is reveal what is defense mechanism, what kind of defense mechanism and how is defense mechanism reflected in Laksmi Pamuntjak’s novel using Psychoanalytic Approach. The type of this research is qualitative research. The researcher took the data from the novel include the narration, monologue, and dialogue. The techniques of collecting the data is using library research, and the technique of the data analysis is using descriptive analysis which comprises procedures: data collecting, data display, and conclusion. Problem statement of the research is: 1) What kind of defense mechanism done by Amba. 2) Why does Amba choose that way to face her problem or anxiety.. 3) The results of defense mechanism chosen by Amba and the result of this research show: 1) Amba’s ego defense mechanism leads her to become an independent woman and has a high self confidence. The ego defense mechanism lately can become her friends to through her life, 2) the use of the ego defense mechanism gives strength to Amba to face her problems.
Keyword: Defense Mechanism, psychoanalytic approach, The Questions of Red.
Consultant
Dr. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
xi RINGKASAN
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tentang Defense mechanism yang terdapat dalam novel The Question of Red karya Laksmi Pamuntjak, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan mencari tahu tentang apa saja jenis defense mechanism, faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi munculnya defense mechanism dan bagaimana pengaruh defense mechanism terhadap Amba yang terdapat dalam novel The Questions of Red karya Laksmi Pamuntjak. Penelitian ini menganilisis masalah defense mechanism menggunakan Psychoanalytic Approach, jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, dimana peneliti mengambil data dari novel berupa narasi, monolog dan dialog. Teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik deskriptif: Hasil dari penelitian yang di dapat oleh peniliti adalah: 1) Defense mechanism membuat Amba menjadi orang yang mandiri dan percaya diri. 2) Defense mechanism memberikan kekuatan kepada Amba dalam menghadapi masalahanya.
Consultant
Dr. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
NIK. 589
xii CONTENT
TITLE ... i
DECLARATION ... ii
APPROVAL ... iii
ACCEPTANCE ... iv
TESTIMONIAL ... v
MOTTO ... vi
DEDICATION ... vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... viii
SUMMARY ... x
RINGKASAN ... xi
CONTENT ... xii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1
A. Background of the Study ... 1
B. Previous Study ... 4
C. Problem Statement... 5
D. Limitation of the Study ... 5
E. Objective of the Study ... 6
F. Benefit of the Study ... 6
G. Research Method ... 7
H. Paper Organization ... 8
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY ... 10
A. Notion of Psychoanalytic Theory ... 10
1. Structure of Personality ... 11
xiii
3. Defense Mechanism ... 17
B. Structural Element of the Novel ... 24
C. Theoretical Application ... 27
CHAPTER III STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ... 28
A. Structural Element of the Novel... 28
1. Character and Characterization ... 28
2. Setting ... 56
3. Plot ... 58
4. Point of View ... 64
5. Style ... 65
6. Theme ... 68
B. Discussion ... 69
CHAPTER IV PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS ... 75
A. Analysis of Amba’s Personality ... 75
B. Anxieties of Amba ... 90
1. Realitic Anxiety ... 90
2. Neurotic Anxiety ... 91
3. Moral Anxiety ... 91
C. Defense Mechanism ... 92
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 98
A. Conclusion ... 98
B. Suggestion ... 100
