PELAKSANAAN PEMBAGIAN HARTA BERSAMA SETELAH
TERJADINYA PERCERAIAN MENURUT KOMPILASI
HUKUM ISLAM
(Penelitian dalam Wilayah Hukum Pengadilan Agama Langsa
Kabupaten Aceh Timur)
TESIS
Oleh :
INTISARI perkawinan (munakahat). Di Indonesia perkawinan diatur dalam UUP No.1/1974 dan aturan pelaksanaannya PP No.9/1975, dan khusus bagi orang Islam berlaku juga ketentuan yang diatur dalam KH1. Pasal 35 UUP mengatur tentang Harta Benda dalam Perkawinan, yaitu “Harta benda yang diperoleh selama perkawinan menjadi harta bersama”. Apabila perkawinan putus (terjadi perceraian), menurut KHI harta bersama dibagi antara suami d a n i s t e r i d e n g a n p e m b a g i a n y a n g s a m a ( 1 : 1 ) . D a l a m w i l a y a h h u k u m Pengadilan Agama Langsa ketentuan KHI berbeda dengan ketentuan adat setempat, sehingga ketentuan KHI tidak terlaksana dan perlu penelitian.
Penelitian ini bersifat diskriptif analitis, lokasi penelitian wilayah hukum Pengadilan Agama Langsa Kabupaten Aceh Timur. Populasi seluruh k e c a m a t a n d a l a m w i l a y a h h u k u m P e n g a d i l a n A g a m a L a n g s a , y a i t u 8 w i l ay a h k e c a ma t a n . S e b ag a i s amp e l d i a nib i l 4 k e c ama t a n . P e n g a mb il a n sampel secara purposive yakni responden telah ditentukan dengan melihat kasus di Pengadilan Agama Langsa terdapat pada masing-masing wilayah keca matan sa mpling dengan jumlahdesa 62 desa, responden terdiri dari
*) Universitas Samudra Langsa, Fakultas Hukum **) Institut Agama Islam Negara Sumatera Utara Medan ***) Universitas Dharmawanasa Medan
****) Universitas Sumatera Utara, Pasca Sarjana
Baharuddin Numbur : Pelaksanaan Pembagian Harta Bersama Setelah Terjadinya Perceraian…, 2001
cerai talak 31 pasangan, cerai gugat 45 pasangan, dan harta bersama 20 pasangan. Sebagai alat pengumpulan data digunakan daftar pertanyaali yang telah dipersiapkan, di samping itu untuk melengkapi data yang dip-,_-Toleh dari responden juga digali informasi dari instansi terkait.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa:
a. Pelaksanaan pembagian harta bersama setelah terjadinya perceraian d a l a m w i l a y a h h u k u m P e n g a d i l a n A g a m a L a n g s a b e l u m t e r l a k s a n a sebagaimana mestinya, terutama bagi perceraian dengan cerai gugat, suami me nganggap perceraian ini pendurhakaan dari isteri sehingga suami tidak bersedia memberikan bagian isteri dari harta bersama.
b. Anggapan masyarakat di wilayah hukum Pengadilan Agama Langsa t e r h a d a p K H I k h u s u s n y a p e m b a g i a n h a r t a b e r s a m a m e n d u k u n g p e n e r a p a n n y a , m a s y a r a k a t l e b i h m e n g u t a m a k a n p a d a pelaksanaan hukum agama dan hukum adat setempat;
c. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh Kantor Pengadilan Agama Langsa dalam penerapan KHI adalah keterikatan yang erat antara masyarakat dengan a d a t s e t e m p a t s e h i n g g a m a t e r i h u k u m y a n g t i d a k s e s u a i d e n g a n k e t e n t u a n h u k u m a d a t ( a d a t i s t i a d a t ) m e r e k a t i d a k b e r s e d i a melaksanakannya, kendala ini telah diupayakan jalan keluarnya melalui penyuluhan hukum dan koordinasi dengan instansi terkait.
Saran penulis agar personil Pengadilan Agama Langsa Kabupaten Aceh Timur terus meningkatkan penyuluhan hukum dan koordinasi dengan instansi terkait guna memasyarakatkan KHI sehingga dapat menjadi haunt positif di Pengadilan Agama Langsa serta dalam diterima oleh masyarakat.
Abstract
The Implementation of common Property Distribution After Divorce Referring To Islam Law Compilation (The Research in Law Area of Langsa Religious Court Kabupaten Aceh
Baharuddin Numbur*)
Prof.Dr.H. Abdullah Syah, MA**)
Prof.Dr.H.M. Hasballah Thaib, MA***)
Prof. H M Sanwani Nasution S H****)
Al-Qur'an and As-sunnah. are the main source of Islam law establishing both the human relationship with Allah SWT and among human. One of human interrelationships occurred in m a r r i a g e ( m u n a k a h a t ) . T h e m a r r i a g e i n I n d o n e s i a h a v e b e e n arranged at UUP No.1/1974 and its processing rule at PP No. 9/1975 and specifically, Moslem involve additional rules which had been established in KHI. Verse 35 of UUP defined the Property in a Marriage as "the obtained property in a marriage will belong to common property". When the divorce occurred, the property, according to KHI, will be evenly distributed between husband and wife with the equal ratio (1:1). In the law area of Langsa Religious Court, the KHI rules is quiet different with the local custom. Consequently, KM rules are insufficiently executed and subject to the research.
The research was analytical-descriptive. Its location was law a r e a o f L a n g s a R e l i g i o u s C o u r t K a b u p a t e n A c e h T i m u r . A l l population in the law area were involved, including 8 sub district areas. Sample is taken from 4 sub districts. The sampling was taken purposively, where the respondent was determined by considering the cases in Langsa Religious Court at each sampling sub district with 62 villages. The respondents consisted of 31 legal divorces, 45 accused divorce and common property of 20 partners. The data collection used the prepared questionnaire. In addition, information from the authorities also was collected to provide the data obtained from the respondents.
*) Samudra Langsa University, Law Faculty.
**) State Islam Religion Institute, Medan North Sumatera. ***) DharmawangsaUniversity, Medan
****) North Sumatera University, Postgraduate
Baharuddin Numbur : Pelaksanaan Pembagian Harta Bersama Setelah Terjadinya Perceraian…, 2001
The research result showed that:
a The distribution of common property after divorce in law area of Langsa Religious Court had been insufficiently done, especially in the case of legal divorce. The husbands were in objection to share the property because they considered it as the wife's rebellion.
b The community assumption in law area of Langsa Religious Court to KHI, especially on the common property distribution, seemed not to support it. They were likely to implement the religious law and local customs.
c The problem faced by Langsa Religious Court Office was the closed linkage between the community and local custom. C o n s e q u e n t l y , t h e y w o u l d n o t a c c e p t t h e l a w m a t e r i a l inconsistent with the local custom law. The problem was tried to he solved by law counseling and coordination action with other parties.
The writer suggests that the officials in Langsa Religious Court Kabupaten Aceh Timur will continually increase the law counseling and coordination with the involved parties in order to p u b l i c i z e K H I . I t m a y b r i n g K H I i n t o p o s i t i v e l a w i n L a n g s a Religious Court and will be accepted by the community.
