Failure Analysis On Corrosion of Al-Zn Heat Reflector in Timber Dry Kiln

FAILURE ANALYSIS ON CORROSION OF i l - Z n HEAT REFLECTOR IN TIMBER DRY KILN

AMELIA RANMATIKA

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS

FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES BOGOR AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

ABSTRACT

AMELIA RAHMATIKA. Failure Analysis on Corrosion of Al-Zn Heat Reflector in Timber Dry Kiln. Supervised by M

NUR

INDRO and ANTHONIUS SITOMPUL.

Al-Zn alloy coated steel sheet (JIS G3 _{141) was used as a heat reflector in timber}

dry kiln. After six months continuous service at 1 1 0 ' ~ in moist condition, the heat reflector is corroded. Failure analysis method was used to analyze this corrosion phenomena. Macroscopic and microscopic examination with some cl~aracterizations have been performed to determine the elemental composition and corrosion products. The elemental composition of corroded heat reflector that were detected by SEM-EDS are sulphur, chloride, calcium, sodium and potassium. XRD analysis revealed the zinc aluminum carbonate hydroxide hydrate (ZII~A~~(OH)I~CO~.~I-IZO) known as black rust staining and iron oxide (FeFe204), as corrosion product. Environmental condition in timber dry kiln with the existence of acid and alkaline elements make the corrosion process occur. Those elements came from the dried timber and steam that adhered on the heat reflector surface and they attacked the Al-Zn coating and base metal. The humidity and high temperature in timber dry kiln environment are factors that increase the corrosion rate of the heat reflector.

FAILURE ANALYSIS ON CORROSION

OF Al-Zn

WEAT REFLECTOR

IN

TIMBER

DRY KILN

AMELIA RAHMATIKA

Thesis

a paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Degree of Strata 1 Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Bogor Agricultural University

DEPARTMENT OF PHUSICS

FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES BOGOR AGRICULTURAL UMVERSITY

Title : Failure Analysis on Corrosion of Al-Zn Heat Reflector in Timber Dry Kiln

Name : _{Amelia Rahmatika} NIM : _G74052428

Approved by

lSt Supervisor,

(Drs.

Moh.

Nur

Indro,

M.Sc)

NIP

: _{19561015 198703}

1

₀₀₁

NIP

: 19620415 198810 1 001

PREFACE

Praise be to Allah SWT, the lord of the World, that this research can be finished properly. Failure analysis is examination of the characteristics and causes of component failure. There are many cases of component failure in daily life which can be analyzed by failure analysis method. One of the types of component failure is corrosion. In this final report, I analyzed a case of corrosion failure and the title is "Failure Analysis on Corrosion of Al-Zn Heat Reflector in Timber Dry Kiln".

I wish to acknowledge my gratitude to:

I. Mom and Dad, who always pray for me every time. I'm so grateful and be the luckiest person in the world that have parents like you.

2. Drs. Mohammad Nur Indro, M.Sc, as the 1" Supervisor and Drs. Anthonius Sitompul, M.T, as the 2nd Supervisor. Thanks for the guidance, supports, advices, spirits, encouragement and sharing.

I also indebt to thank the following people for their contribution in helping me finish this final report :

1. Drs. Sulistioso Giat Sukaryo, M.T. Thanks for the guidance and sharing. 2. All staff in P T B N BATAN.

3. All lecturers and Staff in

P B

Physics Department. 4. All friends in Physics '42.

5. My lovely brothers, Amru and Harits. Thanks for your supports and being the best brothers for me.

Hope this thesis can be useful. Critiques and suggestions are expected to improve this thesis to be better.

Bogor> November 2009

POTENSL ANTIBAKTEM

KITOSMi

SEBAGAI PENGAWET

ALAMI

PPaI)A

TAWU

PROGRAM STUD1 BIOWMIA

FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAENUAI?J ALAM

INSTITUT PERTANIAIV

BOGOR

ABSTRAK

FARIDHA KUSUMANINGJATI. Potensi Antibakteri Kitosan sebagai Pengawet

Alami pada Tahu. Dibimbing oleh SURYANI dan A M D

ENDANG ZAINAL

HASAN.

Kitosan merupakan senyawa turunan kitin yang terdapat pada serangga,

crustaceae, dan beberapa jenis fungi. Senyawa ini memiliki potensi sebagai

antibakteri, termasuk penggunaannya sebagai pengawet n~akanan. Penelitian ini

bemjuan menguji potensi antibakteri kitosan sebagai pengawet tahu dan

mendapatkan konsentrasi optimal kitosan yang dapat diaplikasikan sebagai

pengawet. Perlakuan yang digunakan terdiri atas larutan kitosan (0.05%, 0.1%,

0.2%, dan 0.3%), akuades, larutan natrium benzoat

1%,

dan larutan formalin 1%.

Pengukuran dan analisis yang dilakukan, yakni pH tahu, angka hitung lempeng

total atau

Total Plate Count _(TPC),

dan uji organoleptik (kenampakan, aroma, dan

konsistensi).

Sifat antibakteri kitosan mampu menghambat laju pertumbuhan bakteri

dengan hasil uii statistika berbeda nvala (~<0.05). Larutan kitosan 0.05%

mekpakan konsentrasi minimum yang optimal d a l k menghambat

TPC

hingga

ABSTRACT

FARIDHA KUSUMANINGJATI. Antibacterial Potency of Chitosan as Natural

Preservatives in Tofu. Under the directions of SURYANI and A H W

ENDANG

ZAINAL

HASAN.

Chitosan is a derivative compound from chitin which extracted from insects

cuticles, crustaceae, and some fungus. This compound has

a

potency as an

antibacterial, including its use as natural food preservatives. The aim of this study

was to examine the antibacterial potency of chitosan on tofu preservation and get

the optimal concentration. The tofu was treated with

0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%

chitosan, distilled water,

1%

sodium benzoate and

1%

formaline.

Some

measurements and analysis which used were pH of tofu, total plate count (TPC),

and sensory tests @erfonnance, aroma, and consistency).

POTENSI ANTIBAKTERI WTOSAN

SEBAGAI PENGAWET ALANII

P19;EDA

TA3R.J

Skripsi

sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Sains pada

Program Studi Biokimia

PROGRAM STUD1 BIOWMXA

FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILRlU PENGETAMUAW ALAM

INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGQR

Judul Skripsi

:

Potensi Antibakteri Kitosan sebagai Pengawet Alami pada Tahu

Nama

:

Faridha Kusumaningjati

NRP

:

G44 104044

Disetijui

Dr. Suryani. MSc

Ketua

Ir. AE Zainal hasan, MSi

h g g o t a