TRANSLATION AND VALIDATION OF THE FOOD NEOPHOBIA
SCALE TO THE INDONESIAN VERSION AND ITS APPLICATION
ON ETHNIC FOOD STUDY
TRANSLASI DAN VALIDASI SKALA NEOPHOBIA MAKANAN KE
DALAM VERSI BAHASA INDONESIA DAN PENERAPANNYA PADA
STUDI MAKANAN KHAS DAERAH
BACHELOR THESIS
Submitted to the Faculty of Agricultural Technology
in partial fulfillment of requirements for obtaining the bachelor degree
By :
Yohanes Kristo Sugiarto Utomo
13.70.0076
DEPARTMENT OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
SOEGIJAPRANATA CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMARANG
TRANSLATION AND VALIDATION OF THE FOOD NEOPHOBIA
SCALE TO THE INDONESIAN VERSION AND ITS APPLICATION
ON ETHNIC FOOD STUDY
TRANSLASI DAN VALIDASI SKALA NEOPHOBIA MAKANAN KE
DALAM VERSI BAHASA INDONESIA DAN PENERAPANNYA PADA
STUDI MAKANAN KHAS DAERAH
By :
YOHANES KRISTO SUGIARTO UTOMO
NIM : 11.70.0070
Department : Food Technology
This bachelor thesis has been approved and defended
In front of examiners in 31st January 2017
Semarang, 27th February 2017
Agricultural Technology Faculty Soegijapranata Catholic University
Supervisor Dean
Dr. Probo Y. Nugrahedi, ST., MSc. Dr. V. Kristina Ananingsih, ST., MSc.
Co-supervisor
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STATEMENT OF THESIS AUTHENTICITY
With this I state that Thesis with title “TRANSLATION AND VALIDATION OF FOOD NEOPHOBIA SCALE TO THE INDONESIAN VERSION” have no other work that has been proposed to get academic title on University, and as long as I know there is none work or opinion that had been wrote or published by another people, except that has been writing is referred in this manuscript and mentioned in references.
If someday part or whole of this Thesis is proved and founded as plagiarism, then I deserved to be canceled with any risk of its punishment as the regulation that applicable in Soegijapranata Catholic University and/or the applicable of legislation.
Semarang, 27th February 2017
iv SUMMARY
v
RINGKASAN
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Praise and thanks to God because of His blessing, the author has finished the bachelor tesis entitled Translation and Validation of the Food Neophobia Scale to the Indonesian Version and Its Application on Ethnic Food Study. There are so many
new knowledges during finishing this thesis at Soegijapranata Catholic University. The author hopes this thesis can be useful for the others.
The author would like to express the sincerest gratitude to everyone who has helped in finishing this thesis :
1. Dr. V. Kristina Ananingsih, ST., MSc. as the dean of Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Department of Food Technology Soegijapranata Catholic University. 2. Dr. Probo Y. Nugrahedi ST, M.Sc., as the supervisor who has always supported and gives advices during finishing this thesis. Thank you for the guidance and patience during completing this thesis.
3. Inneke Hantoro STP, M.Sc., as co-supervisor who has guided the author during finishing this thesis. Thank you so much for the time, patience, motivation and advices.
4. Six English experts from Faculty of Language and Arts, Dr. Angelika Riyandari, Ph.D; Dr. Cecilia Titiek Murniati, Ph.D; Dr. Antonius Suratno, Ph.D; B. Retang Wohangara, SS. M.Hum; Dr. Ekawati Marhaenny Dukut M.Hum; and Emilia Ninik Aydawati M.Hum for the big contributions in translating and discussing the questionnaire.
5. Dr. Aussama Soontrunnarudrungsri as the lecturer whom the author had his internship program also for the introduction of food neophobia as research theme. 6. All students who participated in this study from Faculty of Bussiness and Management, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Psychology, and Faculty of Language and Arts Soegijapranata Catholic University for the contributions of being a respondent in the author’s survey.
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8. Elizabeth Ivone Fernandes S.Si, M.Sc for the support, laugh, consultation, and accompanion in the process of this thesis.
9. Author’s parents (Ong Lianawati and FX. Sugiarto Utomo), Brothers (Ko Danny and Ko Dimas), and Sister (Cici Kristin) for all the support that are given.
10. Raymundus Pito W STP and Novani Sutikno for the laughter, love, unforgettable moments, and undeniably amazing supports that has been given to the author that will never be forgotten.
11. Fiorency Santoso, Rosita Kusumaningastuti, Yusefta Clarencia, Agatha Putri Algustie, Angela Lauvina, Cindut, Geng Tikus (Raphael Argasae, ko Danny, Ko Daniel, kak Bolli, ko Theo) for the laughter and accompanion for the author. 12. All related parties who helped the author in finishing this thesis which cannot be
possibly mentioned one by one.
Semarang, January 2017 The Author,
viii CONTENTS
STATEMENT OF THESIS AUTHENTICITY ... iii
SUMMARY………. ... iv
1.2.2.Translation and validation of questionnaire ... 4
1.2.3.Cronbach Alpha Coefficient ... 5
1.2.4.Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ... 5
1.2.5.Ethnic Foods ... 6
1.3. Objectives……... 7
2.RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 8
2.1. Place of Study... ... 8
2.2. Methods……... ... 8
2.2.1.Translation and Validation into Indonesian Language ... 8
2.2.2.Food Neophobia Test ... 10
2.2.3.Statistical Analysis ... 10
3.RESULT……….. ... 12
3.1. Translation Process ... 12
3.2. Demographic Data ... 17
3.3. Food Neophobia Scale (FNS) and the Indonesian FNS ... 17
3.4. Screening of Ethnic food... 20
4.DISCUSSION ... 23
4.1. Translation Process ... 23
4.2. Demographic Data ... 26
4.3. Translation and Validation into Indonesian Language ... 27
4.4. FNS of Focused Ethnic Food ... 30
5.CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 32
5.1. Conclusion……. ... 32
5.2. Suggestion …….. ... 32
6.REFERENCES….. ... 33
7.APPENDICES….. ... 36
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7.1.1.Original (English) Questionnaire ... 36
7.1.2.Indonesian Questionnaire ... 36
7.1.3.Forms of Screening Method ... 37
7.1.4.FNS of Focused Ethnic Food ... 37
7.1.5.Ethnic Food Poster ... 40
7.2. Statistical Analysis of All Respondents ... 41
7.2.1.Cronbach Alpha Coefficient ... 41
7.2.2.Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ... 41
7.2.3.ICC of Summed Questionnaire ... 44
7.2.4.Wilcoxon Tests ... 44
7.3. Statistical Analysis of A-AB English Grade Respondents ... 47
7.3.1.Cronbach Alpha Coefficient ... 47
7.3.2.Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ... 47
7.3.3.ICC of Summed Questionnaire ... 50
7.3.4.Wilcoxon Tests ... 50
7.4. Statistical Analysis of Focused FNS ... 53
7.4.1.Alpha Coefficient of Pempek Palembang FNS Questionnaire ... 53
7.4.2.Alpha Coefficient of Ayam Betutu FNS Questionnaire ... 53
7.4.3.Alpha Coefficient of Umbut Rotan FNS Questionnaire ... 53
7.4.4.Alpha Coefficient of Sate Ulat Sagu FNS Questionnaire ... 53
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Food Neophobia Scale ... 3
Table 2. Translation to Indonesian Language ... 11
Table 3. Back-translation to English (source) Language ... 13
Table 4. Final Conclusion of the Translation Method ... 14
Table 5. Demographic Data of Respondents ... 15
Table 6. Original Food Neophobia Scale (FNS) and the Indonesian FNS ... 18
Table 7. Food Neophobia Classification ... 19
Table 8. English’s Grade Based Comparison ... 19
Table 9. Screening of 10 ethnic foods ... 20
Table 10. Reliability of 4 Chosen FNS Questionnaires... 21
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LIST OF FIGURES
