ENGLISH MATERIALS FOR SEMESTER I
Class/Program : XII/ SCIENCE, SOCIAL, LANGUAGE Year : 2013/2014
I. LISTENING
A. EXPRESSIONS
1. Asking and Giving Suggestion 2. Expressing Request
3. Giving Complaint
4. Expressing Possibility or Capability on Doing Something 5. Giving Instruction
6. Making Promise 7. Expressing view 8. Admitting a Fault 9. Blaming
10. Expressing Curiosity 11. Expressing Attitude
B. SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXTS (poster, pamphlet, banner, etc.) C. MONOLOG TEXTS ( Narrative, Explanation, Discussion) II. SPEAKING : See LISTENING
III. READING
A. SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXTS B. NARRATIVE TEXTS
C. EXPLANATION TEXTS D. DISCUSSION TEXTS IV. WRITING : See READING A.EXPRESSIONS
1. Asking and Giving Suggestion (pp. 163-164) SB p. 33
1.1. Listening Activity
A.Read the following dialogs
Dialog 1
Elang : O come on. You look pale. Don’t
let something worse happen
Eka
: You could be right. O.K. let’s
go there.
Joy
:
Let’s think what we will write for
our final assignment.
Eraz
: What if we write about acid rain?
I don’t think everyone knows
about it.
Joy
: Good idea.
Any better ideas?
Gendhis :
Don’t take a difficult topic
.
Eraz’s idea is hard to do. Why
not writing about how tsunami
happens? I have a book on it.
Besides, it is a hot topic lately.
Joy
: What do you think, Eraz?
Eraz : It’s a good suggestion
Gendhis: O.K. I’ll bring my book
tomorrow. Joy and Eraz,
please
find some more information on
the Internet or newspaper. And
Ratna, please
bring your laptop.
Joy
: Consider it done.
Ratna: I will. Don’t worry.
B. Your teacher will ask you some
questions about the dialogs in Task A.
Listen to him/her carefully and answer
the questions
C.Listen to the cassette and write down the
expressions
1. Let’s get inside
2. Don’t be in a hurry
3. You’d better go early
4. Get your uncle a cup of tea, please
5.
What if
we take a rest now
6. Turn off the television and go to bed
7. Call 911 when you are in trouble
8.
Perhaps
you need to go on vacation
9.
I think we should
prepare ourselves now
10.
How about
asking Mr. Garin about this
math
Problem
11. Study the following expressions
Giving a suggestion Responding
We’d better have a break for lunch
now
Why don’t you ask your friend about
the assignment?
I think you should take a taxi to the
seminar
We’d better make an English
conversation club
Why don’t you ask your friend to do
the task together?
I think you should take a private
course
Perhaps you need to repair your
motorcycle tomorrow
Why not asking Ms Vivi to check our
work?
How about going to McArthur
Monument? It has an amazing view
It’s a good
Please, stop here! I
want to buy some drink
1.2. Speaking Activity (XII IPA 4: 31 Juli 2012) perform on 7 August 2012
Make dialogs based on the following situation!
1.
You study hard for the coming
mid-term test. Your books are scattered
around in your room. It’s really a mess.
Your father/mother asks you to clean it
up. She/He suggests you to put the
books which you don’t use on the shelf.
How would the conversation go?
2.
Your pen-pal is going to visit you for
three days. You plan to take her around
your city, like to the museum, the
shopping mall and the souvenir market.
Your mother suggests you to take her to
the beach. The place is not far from your
house. She also suggests you to bring
the raincoats because the weather is
unpredictable. How would the
conversation go?
3.
Reading Activity
Activity 1
Summary of Explanation Text
An explanation text is a kind of genre that explains each step of process (the how) and to give reasons (the why) of something happens/occurs in scientific and technical fields. In other words, it tells how or why something happens/occurs. Some examples of explanation texts are:
Why something occurs
Why things are alike or different How to solve a problem
How something works
The structure of an explanation text is as
follows:
1. General statement
:
state
the
phenomenon to be explained
2. Sequence of explanation: a series of
paragraphs that tell the how or why
(explanation) something happens
3. Conclusion
Common grammatical features in an
explanation text include:
1. Use simple present tense
2. Use passive Voice
3. Conjunctions of time and cause
4. Use complex sentence
Grammar Focus
1. Passive Sentences
Look at the sentences below
A : Do you know the cycle of water?
B : Yes, I do. It has been explained by Mam Sineri.
The sentence “It has been explained by Mam Sineri” uses passive form.
A verb is in the passive voice when its form shows that something is done to the person or thing denoted by the subject. We use Past Participle (V3).
Look at the sentences:
Liana waters the flowers every day. (Active
sentence)
The flowers are watered by Liana every day.
(Passive sentence)
sentence. Meanwhile, in the second sentence, the agent becomes the object of the sentence.
Note the change of active sentences into the passive ones as follows:
Tense
Active Voice
Passive Voice
(V3)
Simple
Present
eat/eats(V1/V1+-
s/-es)
am/are/is eaten
(V3)
Present
continuou
s
am/are/is eating
am/are/is being
eaten
Present
Perfect
Have/has eaten
Have/has been
eaten
Simple
Past
Ate (V2)
was/were eaten
Past
Continuou
s
was/were eating
was/were being
eaten
Past
perfect
had eaten
Had been eaten
Simple
future
Will eat
Will be eaten
Modal
Can/may/must/sh
ould eat
Can/may/must/sh
ould be eaten
Activity 2
Determine the active form of the following passive
voices
1. Passive : John
is called
by Andi.
Active : Andi
calls
John
2.
Passive
: The apples
are being peeled
by Tika.
Active : Tika
is peeling
the apples.
3. Passive : The motorcycle
has been repaired
by
father.
Active : Father
has repaired
the motorcycle
4. Passive : The suitcase
was kept
by Cintya on
the cupboard.
5. Passive : The house
was being built
by the
men.
Active : The men
were building
the house
6. Active
:The paintings
should be exhibited
in
public place.
Passive
:The painters
should exhibit
the
paintings in public place
7. Passive : The explanation text
is written
in
simple present tense.
Active
: The writer
writes
the explanation text
in simple present tense
8. Passive : The flight
will be taken off
at nine in
the morning
Active : The pilot
will take off
the flight at nine in
the morning
9. The meals
had been finished
when we came.
=They
had finished
the meals when we came
10.
The test
will be done
next week.
=The students
will do
the test next week
Remedy task
Determine the active form of the following
sentences!
1. Mr. Numberi has been promoted as a
General Manager.
2. Last night accident will be put in the
morning news.
3. Tom and Jerry were caught last week.
4. My aunty is examined at hospital every
two weeks.
5. The message is being sent through
internet.
2. Gerund
Pay attention to the following dialog:
A: What do you like
doing
in your spare time?
B: I like
gardening
. What about you?
A:
Playing
football is my favorite.
The words ‘
doing
’ and ‘
gardening
’ in those
sentences are
gerunds
. They function as the
object
of a verb. Meanwhile the word ‘
playing’
in the sentence is also gerund. It functions as the
subject
of a verb.
a.
Gerund as a subject
Examples:
1.
Smoking
is prohibited in this room.
2.
Writing
poem is her hobby.
b.
Gerund as an Object
Examples:
1. Please keep on
trying
although you often
fail.
2. I don’t mind
picking
you up at the bus
station
A gerund is used:
1. After some main verbs
Certain verbs followed by a gerund are:
Examples:
We have finished
presenting
our paper
If you want to master English well, you
should practice
speaking
every day.
2.
after an
adjective
, verb or noun followed
by
a preposition
Admit
appreciate consider
delay
Feel
like
finish
forgive
Involve
mention
mind
miss
Put off
recommendresent
risk
Detest
give up
practice
understand
Enjoy
imagine
prefer
suggest
Deny
face
escape
postpone
Examples:
Vita is really
good
at
singing
.
Tomy
apologized
for
arriving
late.
3.
In some fixed expressions
Examples:
I can’t bear
listening
to the long speech.
I can’t help
feeling
that I hate the boy.
Now compare the uses of the – ing form
in the following sentences:
Joining an extracurricular activity is
good for students.
(The word joining is a gerund)
Dewi and Maria are joining English
club.
(The word joining is a present
participle used in simple present
continuous tense).
Listening to a long speech is a
boring activity.
(The word listening is a gerund,
boring is a present participle used as
an adjective).
2.1. LISTENING ACTIVITY
Complete the dialog based on
what you have heard!
Harry : The path seems unfamiliar
for me.
Harry : Please, be calm. Let us just
try the
path on the right.
Louisa : O.K.
A moment later ………
Louisa : Why do you stop here?
Harry
: Sorry …. From here I forget the
way to our
grandma’s house.
Louisa
: (
Crying
)
It is your mistake
. Why
did you ask me
(2) ……….
Harry :(3) ……….You always complain
about
(4) …………. Running away and going
to grandma’s
house are the best things we can do
to escape from her.
Louisa
: Yeah, I know. But we could have
gone in the
afternoon, not at night like this. We
can’t see
everything clearly. Moreover (5)
………..
Harry : Stop it. It’s no use blaming each
other. Now
(6) ……….. We should sleep
here in the
forest. Then, we can continue our
journey
tomorrow.
go to a nearby house and (8)
………
Harry : You’re right. O.K. Let’s go
Study the following expressions
1. Making Complaints
I want to complain about ……
(Well), this is the most
unsatisfactory
(I’m afraid), …. It just isn’t good
enough
…. Just won’t do
Can you do anything about …..
I’m sorry to say this, but ……….
Honestly, I’m fed up with …..
Really, I’m fed up with …..
2. Blaming someone
How could you do such a foolish
thing?
I hope you are sorry
What on earth were you thinking?
I think you are the one to blame
Are you out of your mind?
It serves you right
I think you are the only person who
could have done it
Its your fault for (doing something)
3.
Reading Activity
Once upon a time, a man had a wonderful parrot. There was
no other parrot like it. The parrot could say every word, except one
word. The parrot would not say the name of the place where it was
born. The name of the place was Catano.
The man felt excited having the smartest parrot but he could
not understand why the parrot would not say Catano. The man
tried to teach the bird to say Catano, however the bird kept not
saying the word.
At the first, the man was very nice to the bird but then he got
very angry. “You’re stupid bird!” pointed the man to the parrot.
“Why can’t you say the word? Say Catano! Or I will kill you,” the
man said angrily.
Although he tried hard to teach, the parrot would not say it.
Then the man got so angry and shouted to the bird over and over;
“Say Catano or I’ll kill you”. The bird kept not to say the word of
Catano.
One day, after he had been trying so many times to make the
bird say Catano, the man really got very angry. He could not bear
it. He picked the parrot and threw it into the chicken house. There
were four old chickens for next dinner “You are as stupid as the
chickens. Just stay with them” Said the man angrily. Then he
continued to humble; “You know, I will cut the chicken for my
meal. Next it will be your turn, I will eat you too, stupid parrot”.
After that he left the chicken house.
the floor. At the moment, the parrot was standing proudly and
screaming at the last old chicken; “Say Catano or I’ll kill you”.
(Taken
from:
www.narrative.com
)
Activity 6. State T if the statement is true and F if the
statement is false.
1.The parrot was born in Catano
2.The parrot could say every word
3. The man felt excited having the smartest parrot
4. There were five old chickens
5. The man tried to teach the bird to say Catano.
Activity 7. Read the fable of “The Smartest Parrot” again.
Write down the direct speech found in the text. Then,
change it into indirect speech. See the examples given.
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech
1. “You’re stupid bird!”
pointed the man to the
parrot
2. The man tried to teach
the bird, “Say Catano!”
3. “Say Catano! Or I will kill
you,” the man said angrily.
4. ____________________
__________
5. ____________________
__________
1.
The man pointed to the
parrot that it was stupid bird
2.
The man tried to teach the
bird to say Catano
The
social
function/purpose/aim/goal :
IS USED TO ENTERTAIN, TO TEACH and
TO INFORM which is gain and hold
the reader’s interest in a story.
CAN BE IMAGINARY (fairy tales, fables,
and legends, myth, folktale, horror,
etc.)
Generic structure/Organization of
the text
ORIENTATION
:sets the scene (when
&
where)
and
Introduces
participants/character (who)
COMPLICATION
: a crisis arises,
something
happened unexpectedly
RESOLUTION
: the crisis is resolved,
for better
or for worse
RE-ORIENTATION
: closing to the
narrative (optional)
Notes:
unexpectedly : tidak terduga
arise
: muncul/timbul
resolve
:
menyelesaikan
masalah/
menemukan jalan keluar
Notes on Narrative Text
It is important to know that the social function of the
narrative text is to inform and entertain. Narrative text will
tell the story with amusing way. It provides an esthetic
literary experience to the reader. Narrative text is written
based on life experience. In literary term, experience is what
we do, feel, hear, read, even what we dream.
Narrative text is organized focusing at character oriented. It
is built using descriptive familiar language and dialogue.
There are some genres of literary text which fit to be
classified as the narrative text. Some of them are:
Folktales, it includes fables, legend, myth, or realistic
tales
Mysteries, fantasy, science or realistic fiction
Commonly, narrative text is organized by the story of
grammar. It will be beginning, middle and end of the story.
To build this story grammar, narrative text need plot. This
plot will determine the quality of the story. Plot is a series of
episodes which holds the reader’s attention while they are
reading the story.
face the problem and how they have ability to handle that
problem
Analysis the Generic Structure
Orientation: It sets the scene and introduces the
participants/characters. In that parrot story, the first
paragraph is the orientation where reader finds time and
place set up and also the participant as the background of the
story. A man and his parrot took place once time.
Complication: It explores the conflict in the story. It will
show the crisis, rising crisis and climax of the story. In the
parrot story, paragraph 2, 3, 4 are describing the
complication. Readers will find that the man face a problem
of why the parrot cannot say Catano. To fix this problem, the
man attempted to teach the bird. How hard he tried to teach
the bird is the excitement element of the complication.
Resolution: It shows the situation which the problems have
been resolved. It must be our note that “resolved” means
accomplished whether succeed or fail. In the last paragraph
of the smartest parrot story, readers see the problem is
finished. The parrot could talk the word which the man
wanted. The parrot said the word with higher degree than the
man taught the word to it. That was the smartest parrot.
In the middle of the story you can use; next, after that,
then, afterward, meanwhile, so, subsequently, second,
third, etc.
Activity 3. Read the text carefully. Then, answer the
following questions.
Towjatuwa and a Crocodile
Towjatuwa lived in the
inland
of Papua. He really loved his
wife
who was being pregnant. He
hoped
that his child would be a great
hunter
in the future. One day his wife was ready to deliver the baby.
Towjatuwa had an elder of the village help his wife. But, the
expected baby could not be delivered by his mother.
“Towjatuwa, it seems that your wife can’t deliver the baby as
usual, we need something sharp and clean to bring out the
baby from the womb” said the elder.
yawned. Towjutuwa then saw that the crodile has a big body
and sharp teeth. He was afraid. “Don’t be afraid, I will not
attack you!” the crocidile said. Towjatuwa was amazed
because the crocodile could speak. “My name is Watuwe. I
am the one who have an authority here in Tami river. I really
appreciate your help over me. What are you looking for here
in the river, hey the man?” The crocodile asked. “I am
looking for a sharp stone in order to help my wife to deliver
the baby. But, I haven’t found one.” Said the man. “I will
help you. To night, I will come to your house. Now, go
home!”
Towjatuwa then went home happily. He hope that the
crocodile who had the authority over Tami river would help
him. The crocodile fulfilled his promise. At night, Watuwe
came to Towjatuwa’s house. He saw Towjatuwa’s wife was
really sick. With his sharp teeth, they cut off Towjatuwa’s
wife’s stomach. Short after, the baby was delivered safely.
Watuwe then went back to the river.
Towjatuwa was really happy because his wife and the
baby saved. From the time on, he promised before his baby
and his descents that they would never hunt and consume the
flesh of the crocodile.
Questions:
1. What does the text talk about?
2. Who are the characters?
3. Where did it happen?
4. When did it happen?
5. What happened to the main characters?
6. How was the ending of the story? Happy/ sad?
Grammar F
ocus
1. so/too/either/neither
Read the following sentences:
Snow White was beautiful and
so
was the
Queen.
S1 to be compl. to be
S2
Snow White was beautiful and the Queen
was
too
.
The sentences mean:
Snow White was beautiful
The Queen was beautiful.
To avoid repetition we can use ‘
so
’ and
‘
too
’ with the patterns:
Combine the sentences below using ‘so’ and
‘too’
1. My father is at home.
My mother is at home.
My father is at home and so is my
mother
S1 + to be/Verb + O/Compl. + and + so +
aux. + S2
My father is at home and my mother is
too.
2. My family went to the beach last Sunday.
Mr. Korwa’s family went to the beach last
Sunday
My family went to the beach last Sunday
and so did Mr. Korwa’s.
My family went to the beach last Sunday
and Mr. Korwa’s did too.
3. We have done the test.
She has done the test.
We have done the test and so has she.
4. My father works at a bank.
Their fathers work at a bank.
My father works at a bank and so do
theirs/their fathers.
My father works at a bank and their
fathers do too.
For Negative sentence we can use ‘
either
or
‘
neither
’ with the Formula:
Examples:
1. Nayla doesn’t like pets.
Mery doesn’t like pets
= Nayla doesn’t like pet and Mery doesn’t
either.
Or
= Nayla doesn’t like pets and neither does
Mery.
2. Lina will not see the movie.
S1 + V + O + and + S2 + aux. + not +
either
Agus will not see the movie.
= Lina will not see the movie and neither
will Agus.
Or
= Lina will not see the movie and Agus will
not
either.
2.
Since
,
For
,
As
: Sentence
connectors
Study the sentences:
1. The king asked for more gold to
the god
since
he was greedy.
2. The old woman ate much food
for
she hadn’t eaten for few days.
3.
As
it was going to rain, I decided
to bring an umbrella.
Since
,
for
,
as
can be used to give the
reason for an action or situation
(similar to because).
As
and
since
are used when the
reason is already well-known, or is
less important than the rest of the
sentence.
Since
is a little more
formal than
as
.
As-
and
since-clauses
often begin
the sentences.
For-clause
never
come at the
beginning of the sentence.
1.
Since
Herlince didn’t come to
school many times, she is left
behind in her study.
2. Many people don’t like him
for
he
is an arrogant person.
3.
As
my sister hasn’t been to
Jakarta, I decide to accompany her
to go there.
LISTENING ACTIVITY 3
I. Answer the questions based on what
you have heard!
1. What is the dialog about?
2. Why does the girl think that it is
possible for everyone to have
mobile phone?
3. Does the boy have the same
opinion? Why?
4. According to the boy, what makes
people
in
underdeveloped
communities think deeper before
buying the mobile phone?
5. The boy says, “You’re right, but
have you thought about
underdeveloped communities?”
What
does
the
phrase
‘underdeveloped
communities’
II. Choose A,B,C,D, or E for the correct
answer!
1. What is the dialog about?
A. The possibility of passing the
examination
B. The impossibility of passing the
examination
C. The preparation for the final
examination
D. The students’ achievement in the
final exam
E. The students’ health during the
final exam
2. Who are talking in the dialog?
A. A teacher and a student
B. A brother and a sister
C. Two teachers
D. Two schoolmates
E. Two classmates
3. Where does the dialog happen?
A. In a theatre
D. In a TV
station
B. In a radio station
E. In a bank
C. In a mall
4. What does the boy do?
A. An announcer
B. A radio broadcaster
C. A television presenter
D. A famous actor
5. The girl says, “Actually, I want to
know how you can become a
talented radio broadcaster.” What
does it mean?
A. She asks about possibility
B. She asks about impossibility
C. She expresses her opinion
D. She expresses her curiosity
E. She expresses her happiness
EXPRESSING CURIOSITY
Is it possible that Ika will come
to my party?
Do you think we can finish our
work on time?
Is there any possibility of going
abroad to study for everyone?
I think so
I’m sure
That’s
SOME EXAMPLES OF SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXTS
task A. Notice the texts below! Text 1
Text 3
of advertisers (particularly of events, musicians or films),
propagandists, protestors and other groups trying to
communicate a message. Posters are also used for
reproductions of artwork, particularly famous works, and
are generally low-cost compared to original artwork.
Another type of poster is the educational poster, which
may be about a particular subject for educational
purposes.
Task D. Observe the texts above (text 1,2 and 3)
What does each text tell us about?
LISTENING
A. Write down the expressions you have heard! B. Choose A,B,C,D or E for the correct answer!
1.When does the dialog happen?
A. In a final test D. In a PE lesson
B. In a meeting E. In a class
C.In an examination
2.What happen to the girl? A. She has got a headache B. She has got a stomachache C.She has got a backache
D. She has got a toothache E.She is dizzy
3.Who is the boy?
A. An OSIS chairperson B. An OSIS secretary C.A class captain
D. A principal E.A teacher
4.What will they do to celebrate the school anniversary? A. Help the victims of earthquake
B. Have sports competition C.Have a celebration party D. Have a school bazaar E.Visit an orphanage
5.The boy says, “I think it is a great idea.” What does it mean?
A. He make a promise
B. He requests something C.He gives something
D. He expresses his view
GRAMMAR FOCUS
Modals (can, may, will, must, have to, should/ought to) Modal
You can leave the meeting now Can I come to your house in
the evening?
It can’t be true
May polite request
formal permission less than 50 %
certainty
May I borrow your laptop? You may pick the roses
We don’t see Diana. She may
be in the library Will 100% certainty
Willingness Polite request
I will pick you up at four.
The phone is ringing. I will
pick it up.
Will you give me some money
mom? Must Strong necessity
Prohibition
(negative)
95% certainty
The students must go to
school on time.
People must not use drugs
Rendra is not in his classroom.
He must have lunch in the
Tonny doesn’t have to buy new
mobile
Read the following dialog:
A : I didn’t see Maya in the farewell party last night. B : Really? She might have gone to Bandung.
A : Why was she in a hurry?
The word ‘might have’ is a modal perfect. A modal perfect is usually followed by past participle.
The functions of modal perfect are as follows: 1.Should have
Function: to express the belief that an event or situation are right and desirable. However the event didn’t happen.
Example:
I’ve got flu. I should not have played football in the rain. 2.Could have
Function: to show that the subject had the capability or opportunity of doing something, but for some reasons he/she didn’t do it.
Example:
You could have asked Andy to pick you up at the bus station.
3.Must have
Function: to express a conclusion about past situation. Example:
Yesterday I passed your house, but it seemed that nobody was at home. You and your family must have gone out.
4.Might have
Function: to express a possibility in the past. Example:
I didn’t meet Rangga in the meeting. He might have been absent.
LISTENING ACTIVITY 4
A. Complete the dialog based on what you have heard! Retno: Yesterday was (1) …………
Adi : What happened?
Adi : Did you commit traffic offences? Retno: (3) ……….
Adi : So, what was the problem?
Retno: I didn’t wear the standard helmet! And (4) ……… a steep fine.
Adi : Well, (5) ………..! I’ve told you a thousand times about your helmet.
Retno: Yeah, (6) ……….., but why should the penalty be a fine.
Adi : Of course, if it’s only a warning, people will simply ignore that! So (7) ……….
Retno: But take a look at me now. (8) ……….
Adi : You wouldn’t have said that if you had bought the helmet soon after they had this new helmet regulation.
Retno: Yeah, you’re right. (9) ………. Adi : So, what are you going to do?
Retno: Well, I intend to buy a standard helmet now, may be tomorrow.
Adi : O.K. (10) ………. Shall I take you home then?
Retno: Thanks, you are a good friend sometimes.
B. State True (T) or False (F) for the following statements based on the dialog above! Correct the false ones.
1.____ Yesterday Retno was pulled over by the police on her way home.
2.____ Adi was fined because he broke the traffic regulation.
3.____ The penalty for traffic breakers decreases because they ignore the traffic regulation
5.____ Tomorrow Retno will probably buy a standard helmet.
Study some Expressions below:
1.Expressions of Accusing Someone Read the following dialog:
Dani : Are you looking for me, Ma’am? Teacher : Yes, please have a seat.
Dani : Thank you. What’s the matter, Ma’am?
Teacher : Dani, one of your classmates told me that you cheated in the test this morning. I’m afraid you did it. That’s why you’ve got a very good mark.
Dani : Absolutely not, Ma’am. I will never do such a thing. Please ask Retno who sat next to me.
Teacher : O.K. I trust you.
The sentence “I’m afraid you did it” is used to accuse someone.
Study some other expressions below:
Accusing Someone Responding
I think you’re the only person
who could have done it
No one else would do such a
thing but him
You are the one to blame
You did all these, didn’t you? You have made this floor dirty,
haven’t you?
Admit it that you often bother
me on the phone
No, I’m not. Trust me.
You’re probably right No way. I’ve never
done such a thing
No, I didn’t do it No, I have not But I never do it
2.Admitting Mistakes
Read the following dialog:
Keni : Sorry, it’s my fault. I accidentally dropped it in the puddle.
Didi : How come?
Keni: I was shocked when I saw a rather deep puddle in front of me. I jumped to avoid the puddle, but the magazine slipped out of my hands.
Didi : How terrible.
Keni : I’ve tried to clean it but not very successfully. I’m sorry.
Kesya said, “ Sorry, it’s my fault.” Is used to admit that she had made Didi’s magazine dirty. Every time we make mistake or do something wrong, we’d better admit it so people will forgive us.
Here are some other expressions:
You’re right. I’m very responsible for this mess. I admit what I did was wrong.
I didn’t mean to
Yes, I take the blame
You’re right. I shouldn’t have done it. I admit what I have done is wrong
3.Expressing Intention Read the dialog:
Simon : Rina, what are you doing with these pictures? Rina : Please help me choose some good pictures. I
want to follow a student photography contest.
The sentence in italicized typed is used to express one’s intention on something.
Study some other expressions below!
I really want to do it. I’m really longing for ….
I wish I could …………
I intend to continue my study in a medical school I wish I pass the final exam with satisfying marks. We intend to buy a house rather than renting one.
Grammar Focus
Contrastive Conjunction : though, although, in spite of,
despite.
1.Although, even though, though
The conjunctions are followed by clauses; Pattern:
Examples:
Even though Nia had studied hard, she failed the
test.
The Blacks carry four cats, although they live in
small flat.
2.In spite of/Despite
The conjunctions are followed by noun phrases. Patterns:
a.
Examples
In spite of/Despite (his) having a bad cold,
Thomas still played tennis.
In spite of/Despite (their) studying hard last
night, they didn’t get more than seven. b.
Examples:
In spite of/Despite his bad cold, Tony still played
tennis.
Although/Even though + Subject + Verb
In spite of/despite + (possessive adjective) + Verb-ing
In spite of/Despite their hard study, they didn’t
get more than seven c.
Examples:
In spite of/Despite the fact Tony had a bad cold,
Tony played tennis.
In spite of/Despite the fact they studied hard last
night, they didn’t get more than seven.
LISTENING ACTIVITY 6
1.Complete the dialog based on what you have heard. Dialog 1
Virga is going to watch a play. Now she is having a conversation with Denias about the play she is going to watch.
Virga : Denias, you told me that (1) ……. have read or heard the story before? The title sounds so interesting. Denias : Yeah. My English teacher has told me the story
Virga : (2) ………?
Denias : Hey, it’s not going to be interesting if you know the story.
Virga : Come on, Denias. (3) ………….. about the story? Denias : Trust me! It’s not going to be surprising if I let you know the story.
Virga : But, in fact, you know the story. I think it would be a pity (4) …………
Denias : Virga, I just happened to know the story, and I think (5) ………
Virga : O.K. May be you’re right.
Study the expressions below!
Making Plans
I’m thinking of taking the subject I’m certainly going to ….
I’m going to …. That’s for sure. I’m hoiping to ……..
I thought, I might …….
I’m not going to … if I can help it I’m certainly not going to ………. I don’t really feel like ……. –ing ….
I’m not really planning it.
Persuading
Why don’t you ……
I really think you’d do well to …..
Are you really sure you can’t/couldn’t …… Oh, come on!
Don’t be like that Just this once
I really think it would be a pity if we didn’t …… Can’t I persuade you to …..
Are you quite sure you won’t consider …… ?
Preventing/Asking Someone not to do Something You mustn’t ….
You can’t …..
You shouldn’t (really) ………….
You are not (really) supposed to ……….. You’d better not ……….
I don’t really think you should ………. (For goodness) don’t look!
Stop!/Wait!
Regreting
I regret to say that …………. Regretfully, I must say ……….. I’m so sorry for ………
How could it happen?
If I had (hadn’t) ……., I would (wouldn’t) have ………….
3.3.Reading Activity
A. Listen to your teacher and complete the text based on what you have heard!
How Photosynthesis Works
(1) ___________ is a very complex (2) ____________, and for the sake of (3) ______ and ease of understanding, plant biologists divide it into two (4) ______________.
In the second stage, called the light independent (9) ________ (formerly called the dark reaction, (NADPH) provides the (10) ________ that helps from glucose, and ATP provides the energy for this and other reactions used to (11) _______
These two stages reflect the (12) _________ of the term photosynthesis, to build with (13) _________
SEMESTER II
I. LISTENING
A. Expressions
Listen to the cassette. Complete the dialogs based on what you have heard.
Dialog 1
Diane : Rosie, don’t you forget that tomorrow we’ll have a physics test?
Rosie : (1) ---. Thanks for reminding me anyway.
Diane : (2) ---. So, have you prepared yourself for it? Rosie : I have. How about you?
Diane : Me too. But, I’ve got a feeling that (3) --- than the last one.
Rosie : That’s why, we should study harder and do our best. (4)
……., right?
Diane : Definitely! (5) I do hope that we can do the test well
Rosie : Right. Dialog 2
Amir : Hello, Dian. What a coincidence to meet you here!
Dian : Amir! Hi, how are you? (1) --- Where are you now?
Amir : I’m fine, thanks. Now, I study at SMA 3. And you are at SMA 1,
right?
Dian : You’re right. Anyway, what are you doing here?
Amir : Well, today there are many undergraduate scholarships offered by some foreign universities. I think, (3) There’s
nothing to lose to try.
Dian : You’re right. You know, this is what I like from you. (4) --- and never give up trying.
Amir : Thanks. So, what about yourself? What will you do after the graduation?
Dian : (5) I intend to study mass communication.
Amir : Good choice. Dian : Thanks
B. Genre
Listen to the cassette. Complete the following text based on what you have heard.
I have a new (1) ---, entitled Planet Earth: An Illustrated History. Do you have it too? Let me tell you about the book.
The first thing that you will notice about this book is the (2) ---. The Editors of Time have once again brought together pictures that defy the (3) ---. They capture animals and natural events that seem (4) --- in their beauty. You could spend hours just soaking in the photos.
However, if you close the book after looking at the photography, you will miss the well-written, informative captions and (5) --- that accompany the pictures. The coupling of facts with images will open the heart of romantics to the (6) --- and cause the scientist to pause with wonder that is bigger than (7) ---.
Whether you want to learn about the Northern Lights or bees, Planet Earth seems to cover it all. It does not provide long, (8) --- but covers enough trivia to keep readers interested. I (9) --- Planet Earth as a gift that readers, young and old, can open with (10) --- again and again.
IV.1 Expressions
A. Comlplete the dialog based on what you have heard!
Donita : Ben, have you read my short story? It is being displayed on the wall magazine.
Ben : Yes, I have.
Donita : (1) ……… I mean, … is it good enough? Ben : Yeah. (2) ……….
Donita : O, come on. Please tell me the truth.
Ben : That’s true, Donita. Your story is truly very ielonteresting, especially the ending. I love that part. You know, (3) ………..
Donita : Thank you. Actually, I tried to give the readers surprise. Ben : (4) ………. It seems that you experienced it yourself. Donita : Um….. I tried to develop my imagination.
Ben : Your imagination is really wonderful. (5)……… some day.
