The Portrait of Black Women's Position Under Patriarchal Oppression in Alice Walker's The Color Purple.

THE

PORTRAIT

OF

BLACK

WOMEN:S POSITION

I]NDER

PATIIIARCHAL

OPPRESSION

IN

ALICX

WAIXER'S

rE-sglsBlqu4

ftlEsrs

Stth

Ld rt

tuitl

Fulflbnan

o

6.t

quiiad.r,t

olrt

SuiMsadnw@

Bv:

TORI

YEDA

FI.ANA

061850(!

ENCLISf, DEPARTMENT

FACI'LTY

OI

LETTERS

..ANDALA,S

trNIlTRSrIY

PADANC

2010

ABSTRAK

Skripsi

ysg

b€dudul ,,The

Prnra

or

Btr.k

_{Wohenis posilion undcr}

frtriarchrl

Oppr€sion

in

Atic.

Wrtker's Tlrc Cotor purplc',

ini

mefrbahas

lenlue pe{ua.ge

B@ir! kuln hitab yana sclalu mendapa&b penind.stu ddr

domnrasl

dri

kaD'n pria kuln hitan.

Dalm

_tenetirian ini, pcnulis lertebih duhr

melihdtjoh-jenn penindas& ymg Jilakulm kau.r pria kcpanJ

*uila

kulir hilan

dan kemudia.

diltrjutkan

dcnee

perjuansar

d,rj weila

kuLn

rian

trmLt rncmbcbdkm din da.i _Fnindasar ldscbul

itDulis

mensanalhis novcl

ini

b.rdd!

rar

sudur

Fndrne

tc.rnis

dln

ncnSguald

teori kdtik

s4ra

feminh

ysg dikenn*rle

otch hl0inc Sno{a.lrr.

lk

an

a!

Vrito

Melalui

leo

iri,

Fc.trlis nrengdralisis

gmbare

kcrcnjnda\an

ymg

dialdi

wdita

dalm karya sanra pcnulis wmira. {Jnruk menduku g reori ini. pcnulf menagunakd

lco.

41,.1Ferlrd

olch Barbtra _{Snrjd ka.eni donjnrsi}

Bi

diaimi oleh

*aiia

tulii

hjb

dd

_{rEnutn novcljuga}

'rcnpahd

wmiiu kuln

hlm.

Anahk

dia*ali

dened

dalie

hri,

plot, sudut pinddjs. rrdakter,

do

rma.

lenelhi&

i.i

nenssunalm neLode deskriptil dinbadara dm

ddisis

di

ubil dri

nov.t ilu scndid

da

sunbcrshber

lainnva bcr$at

dai

buta, anikel drr _Fn.aritur

Dalan pcnclftiar ini, penulis mengmbil

kesimpul

bJn\r

prir kulil hitxti

sclalu

ncncmpark

wmita kulil

hian

sebaeri inGnor dm Lid,l punya ha* untdk

melak

kd

tckcnae

di

lue

runah. Seblgai suFrior.

lna

kulil

hnm

selxlL'

melalukm p€nindam d31m kehidupan berumah L?ngga

da

nrembeikb badss

driam bidang

Nndidikd

scna pekelen. Penindasln

hebut

meFbrat wmita knh

tilam

menjadi

td.il

dd

lida! b€bos

dalm

berekspresi Sehingga

Mtul

leFa dai

peni.ddd wmik

kulir hitan h@s berdi

Dtul

beriumg. PcrjuMem ini dilakukln agd

srnik

kulit

hnm

nemiliki p€Fanr@

h.l

dm _tosni dcng& pda _kulit hitam

AI}STRAK

Skipsi yms berjudul !'Thc Portrait

0f

Black

lvonenir

Posilion

undu

F,l.ir.ch,l

olp.esJon in

Alice

w,lkcr!

I!s_.1!!!9r_I!lpE'

inr mcmblhN Llnlms pcrjuansd

vdita

kulit hitam yans selalu nend.palktu penndas.n d.tr donrinasi

d.d

kaum pda kulit

hilln.

Daldn p€nclilian ini, _{rcnuLn tcncbih} dulu nel ihal j _{enis-j enis peninddm ya.g dilakukan kaun} pria

L?.da

wdilr

[tr]i( lnlon

dln

kmudian

dilmjulkan densan p€rjuan8an

d.ri

srnl.

knh

Inram 0nxrk

me.rbehakln diri dan _{I)enindNr lcscbut}

Prnulis

dc gdrlkis

norcl

i.i

bcrdasrkd

sudut

pdda.A taftinls

dan

ncnggMal,e teori

kilik

sasira

lcnids

yars

dikenuk,te

oleh Elnine

sfuwrll.r.

tvonan

a:

wtuet. Mcldlui

lcoi

ini, pcnulis ncnsuatisis

!mb!.e

tctrrrindnr.o

yog

dialui

rvuitr dald ldya

saslra pcnulis wMih. IJnluk tuendulunA reon

i.i,

pcnllis ncnggunahM tcori ,1aci

/crl,'v

oleh Ba$dx

s

iil|

ktucdx

dd

ir.si

i'ii

dialmi olch

*mita

kulit hil,m dar penuLis nolcljusa,ncn'paklr

w.iit.lulil

Iilail

A.alish

diasali

dcns

an.lh

lrtlr.

plor.

$dul

p.n.l.nc,

kirktl,

dm

ictrr Pcnclnim ini

ncnscu.t

melode deskiptil dinrda dara

du mlisisdienbil

drri

novci ilu scddin

dd

sunbcFsumber

lai

rya bcrsal

ddi

bulu.

dikcl

d

p$canm

Dalanr

Fnelitid

ini, _Fn0lis hengahbil kesinrpulrn _{brhRr nnr kdlil} hllnm

selalu menemlalkd wlnita kulil

hibn

sehaeai inrenor Jan lidak _r0nya

h,l

umul

mclakukan pekerjdn

di

lur

rumah

seb.gri

superior. _I)ri3

luli

hnatr

selah

ncl.luh.

pcninddd dalan tehjdupm berumah L1nssr

du

nenbenko

bads

daler bidds pcndidikan serb

pekerjm

Penin.hsan reBebut membuL

srila

kdln

hilm

mc.iadi

pEifdan

tidir

bebds

ddd

bereksFesi Sehinega

Mtul

leFas

ddi

pcn

dasan NaniE kuln

hih

hdus bcrdi mtuk

bc4hrc.

Pcrjndem ini dilatukan

agd Rmira

h

ii

hibm nrediliki

rcshm

nak dan _{losisi dcnee} pna _kulit

hitm

LI

I

TNTROT'IICTTON

1.1 thc Baclqrolnd of the

R*srch

Feninisn is woment novement ihat aftempt 10 siruBale 10 _Betequal

tht

udposilion*ilh

men ashumabeing. rtminnm oppc6 becou* women Eulize

lhal they Iive undq rhe palrimnal society whicb mak s lhen

s

the second

s

wha rlways cxploiied by nen. Fcminisl criticisn is one

of

lileruy cndchE

which dc.h sith

sons d

rhe subjst. Ieninisl theory tics io undelstdd thc

natuE

of

inequality and

ltrues

on the pronotion oaMment rights, _eende's, int€Ests,

sd

issles Theory offemirist aho tells discriminarion, slcrcotFing,

obj*tilication, oppGsion

dd

patidchy

(hdp//}vw.

sves.cotrlopic{.ninis!

wonen *ho s€ inlerior in s@ial position always loe their lib.ny b.cause

of rhe

powr ol

men. Men aNays u.dereslimale wonen

bdc

sc tadhjo al

fdrdel

oles

6t

nen

6

nridnal, slrong, protective

lnd

decisiver lhey clst wofrei

s

enotional (idariohal), wsk, nuriuring

dd

llbnnsive (Tyson. 85). so,

fcminisl critichn

appes

!o slpp3rt somen

in

nshdns dale doninalion in

Men

6

sup€rior

alslys

domidlte

oll

tspecc

i.

sociely

dd

sive

d i*dvsrases ror women such

6

conFol all

tunohiq

politiql. laws and wen in

dom.stic issues. Men domination crused by

patimh.l

system that is likc a

cultual

nind{€l

sd

does.ot grow up biolosicolly. As Aristotlc in Selden 3nd

widdowson\ A Raders Cuide !o codtemmEv ]-ilcmry Th6ry sbres thrt '1he fcmale n fenale by virtue ol a ertain lack of qulities". In accordde wilh this

sratemenl, sl. Thomas

Aquiru

al$

believes

that

wonM is 'impertecl

ne'

(203). Clerrly, it sives a description how low tne posilion

ol

women in nen's vieqloint is. Mcn also

asme

lnat they

od

@nlrol wonen s llfe md

de

lne

Lilera.y

Mrkr

is one olthe mcdiums

ol

leminisl criLics wnich is usurllv

nadc by tcmale md

it

always gives represenlation aboul vonen in palriachd

sFt€n. Most of *oo€n

wite6

try lo expess their erpqienes md @nvey3 their

id6

ebout d1e sNiety mund lhen in litemry works One

of

th.m is Alice

walker; blek wome wit€r who alwsys gives tpreentalion aboll $e ondition

of bldk women Rho alNays set rhe doninotion by nen in

wielv

Ali*

walke! is d black femsle wiler wno

ws

bom on Fcbruar] 9' 1944' in

de snall ruFl

rorn

of Eatonton, Ceorgia She hrs some wo*5 sucb

si

1.€

Thnd Life oJ Arange Copeknd

(t91q,

Evryda!

Us. (1973)'

In

Lov

a

d

ftufite:

Stoties aJ Black Wo ek (1973), ]"lelidian (1976), The Tenple

olLt

Idniliat

(tss9), Finding the Oreen stot.

(991).

Posdsihs the Sectut

afJor

struffls

ol blek won€n wno

dwys

se1 lhe di$rinjnation in eciery even non

$eir

om

omnu.ity;

bltck

me!

me Colot Purple (1982) is 6et lmous wotk

whioh hs sning

i.

C@.gia. UPon its publioation, Irs C,lor

Prdd

unleshe'j a

slom of @ntovesy. The novel is cho.icles to th. slrussle

ol

selenl

blek

wome. in ru61 c€org1a in the nrst half orlhe iws.tielh @ntury

s.

rhe Miter is inteeled in 6ne of the iirmous

work

of Ali@ walkc!

cntitled lhe colot Purple which published in 1982. Tbis toY€l is ve.y int

ering

1o

eallu

be@use

wdlG

5

the writer

sivs

a

tp6enlatio.

about

dt

posirion

ofbkck women

s

lie

s*ond scx in society. In this nov.l, lhe Mner finds sone

ki.d of oppdsions lhal

@

&cen by hlok wonen which is one ofthe lnemes in th€ story. Celie

6

thc main

chdctet

is low edueted bttck

won

*ho

m

before. Celie

cmot

iCnoe ner f6lh€as

6nnsd

ad

dod what nei farha

sk

ln her mmiage. celie

6

a houswife jusl siay at nome md cdnol esepe

he6'l'

nom the patrtaEhal systcm, She alwsvs do6 all lhe

smnodr

df h€r husbdd

she

wor

do vhat she

wls

lfshc mal€s d dislake in doing ajob, her bub&d

will give her some plnknnent Bn!

s

buftd

being, she €alized thst she bos

iisnls to get her happiness

dd

she deoided to b@k the ptlrioichal sv$en in ber

fo(ed by her lathe! @ manY

wi$

Mr' whom she never kn€w

ud

lovci

FroD the story, the

Miler

ses that Celie as

$e

main chmct€r is rhe

reni.ist

wonM

bedusc she reallv wanr3

lo

essp€

hefelf

fton

patidchal

domimte

i.

all spect of her liie md even ude.etimare her position

6

w6frm

6pecially black woma.

Fon

her ohecter, the Miter

co

tnd lnal

wobfl

m

cb

ge their tutu€ illhcy b6ve to do lne s1{ssle.

A1l explanalions above give ll1e

Riit

r hucn

spirit

d motivation to frake

e

dalysis about the paEifthal oppresion loward black womcn. The wribr

mlyzs

about the kinds of palrimhal opp€$ion expeiiened by black wotoen

sd

hoy fie smeigles of black women to e$are thenselv* nom lne palidchol

oppEsion. TheEfoE, the

witer

cnoos

tie

litle

"Thc

Poneir oI

Black

won.nt

?ditiotr

under

Pllriarclrl

Opplsior

in

Aljc. wrlker'3

!!s

Color Puml€'.

1.2 Th.Idertificstior of the

lreblen

In rhis Esedch, the

wild

fcuses on the poftayal of blrck wonen in

fi€

nxel af The Colat Purple,'n\e ntin chaEder in this novel is Cclic who

dMvs

gcls the disc.idi.alion and oppresed by black m€t

i.

ber sooierv Bleck nsle;

her lalner

od

husbmd

6

the slpeiiot olways put Celie

ir

the ssond sex. She

n€ver hd nght in her life. Befoe _{sening the struggles} ofcelie, ihe Miler finds

out sono patriNhal oppression lowaid black women. As black

Noflo,

Celie

always gets some opprdsion in donstic life by black m€n in her socictv She is

just

m

obFot ol violen€ tnd sxual. Besides 1h,1, c€lie

cdol

gel _lhc hisl

CHAPTER

V

CONCLUSION

Ihe Colot

Pt?le

6y Alice Wnlker is

e

inteEslins novel. Wolker

6

the

aiter

girs

a

portlit

about the situslion of black wonen

i.

Ceorgia in rhe 661

hslrortie

nr€nd€nl entury wlD alwols saounded by blact nen domination.

'ftouen dre novel, Walker Eies lo decribe lbe kin& of pal.iehal oppEsio.

lhet

@

6ced by hlack woncn

dd

also

shos

the sltucsl€ of blact wonm to fieht lhe pahi@har oppresion in ordd to _cet dE equality ih

sicly

ed

ako ro

ln thh Es@h, the wriler focus$ on hro pointsi tne

fnl

is sb.d kinds

of

lalriarchal oppession tbat €xpenenoed by

min

chmcter in tems ofdomadio life! limitdion in educalion,

ed

working. In

tms

of dofr6tic

lifq

$e nain

chedcter never

h5

n8lts in

ha

fanily. He.

fade.6

a leadd in

6iily

ncyd

pnlrcl hh wife

ed

childen .speially, C€lie. He makes Celie

6

a propeny md

objel ol exurl.

Mmwhilq i.

edudtioA celie _{n€ver set} oppoltuniti6 in getling knowledge be@use of hh falhert donination.

iIh

faih€r

sun€s

lhat sfie is m

ugly black

wone

lhai should stly dt

hone

d never poper to grr kro*ledge.

Then,

ir

wo&in& rhe

nai.

chdacter still neve.

hs

rishts ro exp€ss her sbilily.

She ju$ allowed @rking in houe be@use the nalur€

ofwond

is at hone.

Sundly,

it is tllks ob.ut the sr.useles

ollhe

main chorctd to esoape

It6.ishs

10 _set he. teedod in s@iett Sisterhood is the besimins way of

roin

ch@ler

lo sdggle. By sist€rnood sle _Cets

ene

spinl lo €ach ne.

lappims

ad

EaUy

smr

b

get the equdity posnion with mdn in socicty. So 10

cit

the

equality. leavins her husbbd is one of the

wys.

she should show lo her nusbmd

thar she

M

bc

e

independenl wonm md strong withoul depends on

nim

nen she decides to learc hor husbod, she erns money by heNelt Ry her nobby.

swing, she

ce

be

e

ihdcpcndcnr black wonan. By scwing panls, she

u

g€i

morcy

ed

she

c

buy

drdine

withoul

sk

lo

nm.

shc is a succestul bl.ck

vom,n,nd 6rll .faelfc.nfiden.e vhen she ldres her husbMd Shecmshowto

the

l,lel

nen that btack wonen a1$ have abiliLy

dd

crmol ude€slinale dEn)

Fron

all

d,lysis

abov€,

tle

miter conclud* drat

lovel of

fte

Color

Pn?/c by Alice walker

hs

rcpresdls tne feninisl idca

beaue

il is

llks

aboui the struE*l€ of black poden ro _{sct cqualiry} in society. Walker dscnbe tlal black

enen

also

m

be

a

active people

wi6

sone abihies.

Bt

hd

worlc, Walker

wmls lo show 10 the reades th€ sitution ol

bl&k

women. walter descnbe

d[l

black wonen

,l*,,s

udercstimte by blrck men but black womcn ako havc

pow( 10 ceape

ton

the dominaiion oflhcm.

B&d

on the analysis, rhc miler corcludes th!1 novel of

lre C,l,r

Pz?p/d thar wiften by Alice walkd is Elaled lo the theo.y

ofGlnocfticisn

ahjch delis wirh qonre

d

Mitcr. Waller

d

blact womm

{nler

rcpeentcd hcr experience

men in socGry ihoush

hd

main

cb@r..

_In

h.r

_{wo.rrs, watker not onty} dsc.ib6 about lhe _{ch&Cing ch&acteB or btoc* wonen trom wcak to}

sbona 6u!

she

p

a sinernood in ho work

s

ttre diitereit

ofkrks

berween _{brek wohcn}

qita

_{with white wohen witer. By}

sislerhood, bt&k hm€n

cu she drrhi.g

BIBLIOGRAPIIY

Ab.@s.M.H.@

London: Oxldrd Udvesiry Pless. 1976

,\fialdi

r.

Budhi The A.alvsis oflhc Main chmctcrs

PcMmlis

Dcvclopncnl in

alice

w.lter's

The Color lumle.

tld

g: English Dcpdmcnr

ol

nloras

Bdry. Perer. Beeinnine

thco

: nl

roducl&n lo Lncru!

md.ul{!'!l]!!!ra-?!!!

qd. Unildd Kingdom: MancheslerUnivesny PEss 2002

cuenn. willrcd L..ctall. A Hddbo.k of Crilical Apnroachcs

l.

l,ncmturc: 4d cd.

Nes York Oxford L,nilesily Prcss. 1999

lskandar Yudr Thd lmoa.ls of Male Donimtion Towdd female Chdlcler in J@c

Auner's Mdsfield P&k. Pades: lnglish Dcpanncnl

ofindals

Udveni'y

2008

Kcmcy.

Willim.

Ho* ro Amllzc tction. New York

Mondchlrcs.

i996

King. Debnwalker.

Aincr

An-icm

Litcratrc:

llcColorPuple

2009

hftrt/lM.swe^

con/toeic/tbe-coloFpuole.

Joury

l,

2l]1l]

Klre.. Mrio.

an lnlroducli.n

b

Lnerdv studiesi 2'r ed. London: Roulledge. 2()(),l

Lewis. Jonc Johnson.

Bio6.!hv

of .^licc Wallo. 2007