INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING, AND ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCES
(ICATES 2021)
" Innovative Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering for Sustainable Food, Water, Energy, and Environment "
September 21, 2021
BOOK OF ABSTRACT
Organized by:
Professor Ts. Dr. Mohd Rosli Hainin, P. Tech (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia) Professor Ir. Dr. Hasanan Md. Nor (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia)
Professor Dr. Badorul Hisham Abu Bakar (Universiti Sains Malaysia) Professor Dr. Taksiah A.Majid (Universiti Sains Malaysia)
Professor. Ir. Zulkifli Nasution, M.Sc, Ph.D (Universitas Sumatera Utara) Professor. Dr. Ir. Sigit Supadmo Arif, M.Eng (Universitas Gadjah Mada) Professor. Dr. Ir. Lilik Sutiarso, M.Eng (Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Professor. Dr. Ir. Bambang Purwantana, M.Agr (Universitas Gadjah Mada) Professor. Dr. Ir. Asep Sapei, MS (Institut Pertanian Bogor)
Professor. Dr. Sabaruddin, M.Agric. (Universitas Syiah Kuala) Professor. Dr. Ir. Darusman, M.Sc (Universitas Syiah Kuala) Professor Dr. Elke Pawelzik (Germany)
Associate Professor Dr. Mohammed J.K Bashir (Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman) Associate Professor Ts. Dr. Mohd Haziman Wan Ibrahim (Universiti Tun Hussein Onn) Associate Professor Dr. Tony Hadibarata (Curtin University, Australia)
Associate Professor Dr. Fadzli Mohamed Nazri (Universiti Sains Malaysia) Associate Professor Dr. Kusmono, S.T., M.T (Universitas Gadjah Mada) Associate Professor Dr. Haryati Awang (Universiti Malaysia Pahang) Associate Professor Dr. Mohd Fadzil Arshad (Universiti Teknologi MARA) Dr. Muhammad Zulkarnain (University of Kuala Lumpur)
Dr. Khairil Azman Masri (Universiti Malaysia Pahang) Dr. Abdullahi Ali Mohamed (University of Nottingham, UK) Dr. Euniza Jusli (University College of Technology Sarawak) Dr. Ir. Desrial, M.Eng (Institut Pertanian Bogor)
STEERING COMMITTEES
Prof. Dr. Ir. Samsul Rizal, M. Eng.,IPU(Rector of Universitas Syiah Kuala) Prof. Dr. Ir. Marwan (Vice Rector I Universitas Syiah Kuala)
Dr. Ir. Agussabti, M.Si (Vice Rector II Universitas Syiah Kuala) Dr. Ir. Alfiansyah Yulianur (Vice Rector III Universitas Syiah Kuala) Dr. Hizir (Vice Rector IV Universitas Syiah Kuala)
Prof. Dr. Taufik Fuadi Abidin, S.Si, M.Tech (LPPM Universitas Syiah Kuala) Prof. Dr. Ir. Samadi, M.Sc(Dean Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala) Dr. rer.hort. Indera Sakti Nasution, S.TP, M.Sc. (Head of Agricultural Engineering Department, Universitas Syiah Kuala)
ORGANIZING COMMITTEES
Chairman : Dr. Safrizal, ST.,M.Si
Co-Chairman : Dr. Muhammad Dhafir, ST.,M.Si
Secretariat : Diswandi Nurba,S.TP.,M.Si
Nur Anita Humaira, S.TP
Article Submission and IOP Publication : Mustaqimah, M.Sc Dr. Darwin, S.TP.,M.Sc Dr. Ferijal, S.TP.,M.Sc Dr. Sri Hartuti, S.TP.,MT Dr. Zulfahrizal, S.TP.,M.Si Dr.Yusmanizar, ST.,MP Treasure and Registration : Raida Agustina, S.TP, M. Sc
Accomodation and equipment : Dr. Purwana Satriyo, S.TP, MT Dr. Rita Khathir, S.TP, M.Sc Syafriandi, S.TP, M.Si
Website, publicity and promotion, book of
abstract : Fachruddin, S.TP, M.Si
Bambang Sukarno Putra, S.TP., M.Si Food Logistics and Souvenir : Dr. Devianti, S.TP, MP
Dr. Ramayanty Bulan, ST, M.Si Yuslinawati
Nurbani, A.Md
Schedule and Virtual Conference : Dr. Rahmat Fadhil, S.TP, M.Sc Dr. Kiman Siregar, S.TP, M.Si Ratna, S.TP, MT
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEES ... i
STEERING COMMITTEES ... i
ORGANIZING COMMITTEES ... ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... iii
WELCOME SPEECH FROM CHAIRPERSON OF ICATES 2021 ... ix
WELCOME SPEECH FROM RECTOR UNIVERSITAS SYIAH KUALA ... x
Prof Okke Batelaan ... xi
Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya, PhD ... xii
Dr.rer.nat. Shahril Anuar Bahari ... xiii
Dr. Ir. Joko Pitoyo, M.Si ... xiv
PRESENTED PAPER ABSTRACTS 1 THE EFFECTS OF RICE PLANT MOISTURE CONTENT AND SOME MECHANICAL PARAMETERS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF A DEVELOPED RICE REAPER ... 1
ADDITION OF TAPE YEAST AND TEMPE MOULD IN OPTIMIZATION OF TRADITIONAL COCONUT OILS PRODUCTION ... 2
DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE TESTING OF ARECA NUT THRESHER MACHINE USING SOLID TRIANGLE SPIKE TOOTH TYPE ... 3
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT (POME) BY USING A DOWN FLOW HANGING SPONGE (DHS) REACTOR ... 4
EFFECT OF SELECTION METHODS ON SEED POTATO QUALITY IN THE
FOLLOWING SEASON ... 5
ABLATION STUDIES ON YOLOFRUIT DETECTION ALGORITHM FOR FRUIT
THE EFFECT OF PROTEASE FROM LOCALLY ENVIRONMENT ISOLATED
BACTERIA AS A DEHAIRING AGENT TO THE LEATHER MICROSTRUCTURE ... 10 OPTIMIZING RESOURCES THROUGH BIO-INDUSTRIAL AGRICULTURE
INNOVATIONS BASED ON VEGETABLES AND BEEF-CATTLE IN THE
MIDDLELAND OF TABANAN, BALI PROVINCE ... 11 ANIMALS SLAUGHTERHOUSE WASTEWATER TREATMENT WITH
POLYETHERSULFONE MEMBRANE AND CELLULOSE NANO CRYSTALS ... 12 PROMISING FUTURE PRODUCTION OF BIO-ETHANOL FROM MICROALGAE
AS A RENEWABLE SOURCE OF ENERGY ... 13 RISK LEVEL ANALYSIS OF HUMAN-ELEPHANTS CONFLICT IN THE
PEUSANGAN WATERSHED OF ACEH PROVINCE, INDONESIA... 14 EFFECT OF DRYING METHODS ON QUALITY OF DRIED BELUNTAS LEAVES ... 15 EFFECT OF DRYING METHODS ON QUALITY OF DRIED WHITE TURMERIC
(CURCUMA AMADA) ... 16 AN OVERVIEW OF RECENT ADVANCES IN SEDIMENT MICROBIAL FUEL
CELLS FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND ENERGY PRODUCTION ... 17 THE FORMULATION OF WHITE OYSTER MUSHROOM (PLEUROTUS
OSTREATUS (JACQ.) P. KUMM) AS NATURAL FLAVORING AND THE
QUALITY TEST IN TEMPERATURE AND DRYING TIMEVARIATIONS ... 18 SOIL BIOENGINEERING FOR SUSTAINABLE COFFEE FARMING IN WAY
BESAI SUB-WATERSHEDS, LAMPUNG, INDONESIA ... 19 TOLERANCE OF CASSAVA CLONES TO THE RED MITE TETRANYCHUS
URTICAE ... 20 THE HABITAT CHARACTERISTICS OF SUMATRAN ELEPHANT (ELEPHAS
MAXIMUS SUMATRANUS) IN THE FOREST OF SERBAJADI SUBDISTRICT
ACEH PROVINCE ... 21 Economic growth: Effect of CO2 emissions and exports in Indonesia ... 22 RENEWABLE ENERGY AND FDI AND ITS EFFECT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH
IN INDONESIA ... 23
THE EFFECT OF SORBITOL EDDITION ON THE CHARACTERISTIC OF WHEY
POTENTIAL SEDIMENTATION IN THE OPERATIONAL CILIWUNG DIVERSION
TUNNEL ... 28 DEVELOPING A GROUNDWATER CONSERVATION AREA IN
RANDUBLATUNG GROUNDWATER BASIN ... 29 CORROSION PROTECTION OF DETERIORATED PRE-CAST RC SPUN PILE
EXPOSED TO SEA WATER ENVIRONMENT ... 30 THE ROLE OF LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE ON MICROCLIMATE
SUSTAINABILITY IN PERUMAHAN CEMARA ASRI MEDAN... 31 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF SOIL QUALITY INDICES USING NEAR
INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY ... 32 RAPID DETECTION ON SOIL ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION BY MEANS OF
LASER-NEAR INFRARED TECHNOLOGY ... 33 APPLYING NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY (NIRS) AS A RAPID AND NON-
DESTRUCTIVE APPROACH FOR MANGO FRUIT QUALITY ASSESSMENT ... 34 UPDATE ON WASTE REDUCTION PERFORMANCE BY WASTE-TO-ENERGY
INCINERATION PILOT PLANT PLTSA BANTARGEBANG OPERATIONS IN THE
FIRST SEMESTER OF 2021 ... 35 OPERATOR WORKLOAD ANALYSIS ON COCONUT TREE CLIMBING USING
PORTABLE COCONUT CLIMBING EQUIPMENT ... 36 TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY STUDY OF TILAPIA CULTIVATION BY UTILIZING IE
SEUUM GEOTHERMAL WATER SOURCES, ACEH BESAR ... 37 PREDICTION OF WATER CONTENT AND SOLUBLE SOLIDS CONTENT OF
MANALAGI APPLES USING NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY ... 38 IDENTIFICATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND-USE CHANGE BASED ON
MACHINE LEARNING FOR REGIONAL FOOD SECURITY ANALYSIS IN THE
GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSE OF A LOCAL PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) ACCESSION TO BEGOMOVIRAL CAUSED DISEASE IN THE
MEDIUM ELEVATION LAND ... 43 RESPONSE OF IN VITRO PROPAGATED FIG (FICUS CARICA L.) SHOOTS TO
THE CONCENTRATIONS OF BENZYL AMINO PURINE AND COCONUT
WATER ... 44 STUDY ON THE SEPARATION OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS FROM CRUDE PALM OIL
USING A POLYETHERSULFONE ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANE ... 45 FAST QUANTITATIVE PREDICTION OF PATCHOULI ALCOHOL CONTENT
USING NEAR INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY ... 46 DISTANCE TRANSFORM-WATERSHED SEGMENTATION BASED
ALGORITHM TO SEPARATE TOUCHING CORN KERNEL IN DIGITAL IMAGES ... 47 EVALUATION OF SOIL FERTILITY A CASE STUDY IN ACEH BESAR DISTRICT ... 48 CROPPING PATTERN AND SCHEDULE USING K FACTOR FOR OPTIMIZING
IRRIGATION NETWORKS OPERATION IN KRUENG JREU IRRIGATION AREA,
ACEH, INDONESIA ... 49 TESTING COFFEE ROASTING MACHINE WITH ELECTRIC HEATER AS HEAT
SOURCE ... 50 PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION AND CLAY MINERALS IN DRYLAND SOILS OF
ACEH BESAR, INDONESIA ... 51 THE POTENTIAL OF AGRO-INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT BASED ON
AGROFORESTRY IN THE AREA AROUND PEUSANGAN PRODUCTION
FOREST IN INDONESIA ... 52 CONTROLLED SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM FOR AGRICULTURAL PLANT
CULTIVATION ... 53 THE EFFECT OF KELOR (MORINGA OLEIFERA) LEAVES ADDITION ON THE
CHARACTERISTIC OF TUNA (YELLOWFIN TUNA) FISHBALL ... 54 EXTRACTION YIELD, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND TOTAL PHENOLIC
CONTENT OF MIMUSOPS ELENGI L FRUIT ... 55 FUNCTIONAL AND PERFORMANCE TEST OF MODIFIED LUG WHEEL ON
TWO WHEEL TRACTOR WITH PIVOT TYPE TRAILER ... 56
CYLINDER TYPE ROAST MACHINE... 59 NEAR INFRARED SPECTRA FEATURES OF COCOA POD HUSK USED FOR
FEEDSTUFF ... 60 RUMEN METABOLIC ACTIVITIES OF CACAO (THEOBROMA CACAO L.) POD
HUSK FERMENTED WITH LINGZHI MUSHROOM (GANODERMA LUCIDUM)
AT DIFFERENT CONCENTRATION AND INCUBATION TIME ... 61 CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE ISOLATED FROM
BANANA BUNCHES WASTE USING ACID HYDROLYSIS ... 62 DETECTION OF ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDE RESIDUES OF CHILLY
(CAPSICUM ANNUUM, L.) IN DIFFERENT SEASONS IN ACEH PROVINCE ... 63 A COMPARATIVE STUDY : CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOGELATIN MADE
FROM SKIN OF DUMBO CATFISH (CLARIAS GARIEPINUS) EFFECT OF
EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES ... 64 THE EFFECT OF TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM DOSE AND SHALLOT
POPULATION (ALLIUM CEPA L.) ON CHILI PRODUCTION (CAPSICUM
ANNUUM L.) BY INTERCROPPING SYSTEM... 65 EFFECTS OF STEAM-TREATMENT ON THE CHEMICAL COMPONENT AND
THERMAL RESISTANCE OF BAGASSE PARTICLE FOR NATURAL-BONDED
COMPOSITES PRODUCT ... 66 EFFECTIVENESS OF USING THE DOSE OF MYCORRHIZAL BIO-FERTILIZERS
TO INCREASE GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF RED PAPRIKA (CAPSICUM
ANNUM L.) IN ULTISOLS ACEH ... 67 INTERACTION BETWEEN OF USING MYCORRHIZAL FERTILIZERS AND
VARIETIES TO INCREASE ORGANIC PATCHOULI PRODUCTION IN THE
ENTISOL SOIL ACEH BESAR ... 68
THE EFFECT OF WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION ON THE GROWTH OF LOCAL
EFFECTS OF RATIONS CONTAINING LEUBIEM FISH (CHANTHIDERMIS MACULATUS) WASTE AND PHYTOGENIC SUPLEMENTATION ON LOCAL
DUCKS PERFORMANCE IN THE STARTER PHASE ... 74 ASSESSMENT OF SENSORY CRITERIA FRUIT CANDY FROM AVERHOA
BLIMBI L. WITH COMPARISON OF ECKENRODE AND FUZZY ECKENRODE
METHOD ... 77 IMPLEMENTATION KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT FOR LAND AND WATER
MANAGEMENT CASE STUDY IN SRIHARJO VILLAGE, BANTUL DISTRICT,
PROVINCE OF YOGYAKARTA ... 78 EFFECT OF IRRIGATION METHODS AND TESTING SOME RICE CULTIVARS
AGAINST GROWTH, ROOT DEVELOPMENT AND YIELD ON RAINFED
ULTISOLS OF ACEH BESAR ... 79
Bismillah, Assalamua’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh
Alhamdulillah, all praise to Allah, Peace and Blessings be upon prophet Muhammad saw, the messenger of Allah. Distinguished keynote speakers, Rector, Dean, invited guests, all committee members, and participants in our conference.
I thank you for giving me this opportunity to welcome you to the ICATES conference. The COVID-19 pandemic is not an obstacle for researchers but is a starting point for accelerating the exchange and sharing of information, especially sharing research results.
Let's enter the 4.0 era together. The basic idea of this conference is to combine at least 3 elements: agricultural technology, engineering, and environmental science to reach sustainable development. Therefore, the theme of this year’s ICATES conference is
“Innovative Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering for Sustainable Food, Water, Energy, and Environment.”
On behalf of the whole committee we want to acknowledge and express gratitude to the rector of Universitas Syiah Kuala, Dean of Agriculture Faculty of Universitas Syiah Kuala, Pahang University, director of polytechnic Aceh Selatan, head of Agricultural Mechanization Research Center, Universitas Syiah Kuala, alumni organization IKATETA and all guests and participants. Our special thanks to our keynote speakers. And last but not least, thank you to all committee members for your kind and hard work for this conference and for your commitment to follow covid-19 protocols. May Allah protect us
The editor of ICATES 2021 accepted about 80 papers from Indonesia, Malaysia, Nigeria, China, and Netherland. I would like to extend hearty welcome to you all and to thank you for your interest. Hopefully the conference will highly contribute to our future sustainable development in the agricultural sector. Amiin.
Have a nice conference
Wassalamu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh
Cordially,
WELCOME SPEECH FROM RECTOR UNIVERSITAS SYIAH KUALA Assalamu’alaikumWarahmatullahiWabarakatuh
Our honorable and distinguished keynote speakers,
Our honorable and distinguished guests, participants, and also to all committee members of ICATES Agricultural Engineering Department Universitas Syiah Kuala, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Earth Resources Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Politeknik Aceh Selatan, Agricultural Mechanization Research Centre, Universitas Syiah Kuala, as well as Winaya Mukti University Bandung.
It is an honor to welcome you to the 3rdICATES 2021 conference in Banda Aceh, virtually, and we wish that one day you can be here in reality, Amen. We hope that you will enjoy this virtual conference because of our current situation during this pandemic.I am proud of you because the covid-19 pandemic is not a constraint for scientists to share knowledge and collaborate in continuing research work.
This is the second ICATES seminar to be held virtually since this seminar was first held in 2019. You know that as humans we should take this position, learning and doing every day for better life in any condition we face, since Allah will guarantee us according to our work.
Fortunately, this pandemic does not hinder our ability to hold this conference but rather gives us an opportunity to use online technology as a solution so that our activities can continue. And let’s pray to Allah, may the pandemic covid-19 stop soon. Amien.
Our university’s vision is to be the most innovative, independent, and advanced in education, research and public services. To reach these visions, one of our missions is to empower and enlarge the corporation network in development of science and technology.
Scientific meetings like this are very important for our university in bringing multi- disciplinary scientists together in one place.share research results for scientific development. Innovation could result from your discussion both theoretically and practically. We hope that you will enjoy this special meeting with many advantages for our future.
Facing the era of revolution industry 4.0, I think we need to move faster to bring technology into agriculture under sustainable development control. We need a reformation in agriculture, especially in the objective to increase the productivity and the quality of agricultural products and by products. There is a big challenge for us to support the community of agroindustry with useful technology. We also need to motivate the younger generation to be involved in the agricultural sector, to change the performance of poor farmers to be modern farmers. The collaboration of your discipline is a key point to reach this dream. Let’s start to change this condition from this conference.
Finally, I hope that this conference will run successfully with beneficial recommendations and actions for our university, community, country and also to the world. And by saying
WATER-ENERGY-FOOD SECURITY NEXUS
Prof Okke Batelaan Flinders University Adelaide, Australia Okke.batelaan@flinders.edu.au Abstract
This presentation investigates the global past, current, and future relationship between food production and water use. It is shown that the water use, mainly for agriculture, in the past 60 years has been rising faster than the global population growth. This puts pressure on the sustainability of the global water resources, connected environmental assets and future food security. A positive trend is that the global average of the arable land (in hectares) per person used for our food production in the past 50 years has halved, due to the more efficient agricultural techniques, plant resistance and higher crop productivity.
Next, options for meeting the future water-food demand are discussed, including efficiency gains from better quantification of individual and national water footprints and optimizing virtual water. Finally, an example study is presented to investigate how, in an agriculturally dominated area in Southern Vietnam, the profitability and sustainability of water use in groundwater-dependent smallholder farming systems can be improved. It is shown how combining water balance and groundwater models makes it possible to evaluate and rank a range of agricultural development scenarios in terms of sustainability of the groundwater resources for irrigation. It is concluded that global efforts on activating the water-energy- food security nexus are imminent to attain a sustainable future.
KEYNOTE SPEAKER ABSTRACT
WASTE PLASTIC: RECYCLE AND REUSE FOR SUSTAINABLE ROAD CONSTRUCTION
Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya, PhD Professor (Associate) College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang
Abstract
Plastic disposal is one of the major problems for developing countries especially in South East Asia,at the same time all countries needs a large network of roads for its smooth economic and social development. The limited source of asphalt needs a deep thinking to ensure fast road construction. Therefore, the use of plastic waste in road construction not only can help to protect environment but also able to help the road construction industry.
Road construction that uses plastic waste as one of it material is called plastic road. Plastic bag is non-biodegradable but most of it is recyclable. The recycled products are more environmentally harmful than the first time manufactured ones because every time plastic is recycled it is subject to high intensity heat. This can make it to deteriorate and lead to environmental pollution. That is why the use of plastic waste in road construction can be one of the solutions. This type of construction gives benefit to environment because it uses plastics that would otherwise be disposed through environmentally harmful means. In addition, it is not only reducing wasteplastic but also lengthens the road service life.
BAMBOO, A GREAT PLANT FOR GREEN PLAN
Dr.rer.nat. Shahril Anuar Bahari Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstract
Bamboo is a great plant and important raw material for multiple uses since the earliest epoch. It is a promising material and mainly can be developed to become a supplement raw material in green product manufacturing; e.g.wood-based sector and bio-based industry. Bamboo has been used traditionally in most tropical countries for conventional building construction, housing materials, handicraft items, paper making, foods, and others.
Nowadays, bamboo is widely used in modern applications with the great understanding of its characteristics. However, planning to improve the know-how of itsglobal resource handling, processing, manufacturing, as well as green product performance could further boost-up the uses of bamboo in modern green utilization. Industrial players nowadays sareaware about the potential of bamboo in supporting the demand of raw material for a wide variety of green products. Up to the present time, many accomplishments and findings were gained successfully through extensive research on bamboo applications.
These findings are very useful in further promoting the potentials of bamboo as a great raw material for green development and consumption planning. Extra information on bamboo resources, processing, manufacturing and product output are necessary for proper utilization of bamboo in modern green industries.The data were widely documented and established; however, bamboo’s contemporary applications are relatively inadequate. In comparison to other green materials, its state-of-the-art in term of operation and products’
KEYNOTE SPEAKER ABSTRACT
REVIEW OF RICE TRANSPLANTER AND DIRECT SEEDER TO BE APPLIED ININDONESIA PADDY FIELD
Dr. Ir. Joko Pitoyo, M.Si Specialist Reserach Engineer Indonesia Center for Agricultural Engineering Research and Development (ICAERD) Email: jokpitoyo@yahoo.co.id
Abstract
The manual labor cost for rice cultivation year by year in some on going develop country in Asia. The more focus in hand transplanting. There is an option in rice cultivation by direct sowing but still need improvement in order to get yield as same by transplanting method.
The challenge to plant one seed or plant per hill by rice ordinary rice transplanter (RT) is still difficult to be achieved due to random in sowing seed by on rice nursery tray. In Japan it was started 1995 by Minoru company as pioneer research and develop the Pot Nursery Rice Transplanter (PNRT) which rice are sow in exact amount in pot tray by special seed sowing machine then later on transplanter by PNRT. Rice Direct Seeding (RDS) method theoretically could be as a solution in order to get precision on rice cultivation. But due to the vigority of seed after sowing in the field and also the unfavorable condition, the more number of seed are still needed and the yield lower compare transplanter method.
Recently, the use of rice direct seeding has been increasing rapidly owing to rural labor shortages and continuous increases in agricultural production costs. This article reviews the research and application progress of mechanized rice direct seeding including direct seeding technologies, precision rice seeding, precision rice seed-metering devices. The other important component on succession direct seeding method is also discussed i.e.
calcium gypsum coating and iron powder coating. Operating direct seeding machine also need consider about land and water management. Paddy field need to be managed since the seed drooped in order give favor condition of seed and facility the seed with optimum growing condition. In this approach, pre-germinated seeds are uniformly hill-dropped in the
2021
Time Program Description PIC / Session Chair
Tuesday, September 21, 2021
07:00 – 08:00 Online registration Committee
08:00 – 08:05 08:05 – 08:20 08:20 – 08:23 08:23 – 08:35 08:35 – 08:55
08:55 – 09:10 09:10 – 09:25
09:25 – 09:30 09:30 – 10:00
10:00 – 10:35 (11:00 – 11:35 in Malaysia Time)
Opening ceremony:
1. Opening ceremony
2. Reciting Qur’an and praying for opening
3. Singing the National Anthem of Indonesia (Indonesia Raya) 4. Welcoming speech by chairman 5. Speech by Head of Department of
Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang
6. Virtual dance
7. Opening by Rector of UniversitasSyiah Kuala Opening Speaker Session 1 Prof. Dr. OkkeBatelaan
(College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Australia)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya
(Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti
MC
Rizki Maulana
Dr. Safrizal,ST.,M.Si Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ir. Ngien Su Kong
Dance team
Prof. Dr.Ir. Samsul Rizal, M.Eng IPU
Sultan FarizSyah M.A.
10:55 – 11:00 11:00 – 11:30 (12:00 – 12:30 in Malaysia Time)
11:30 – 12:05
12:05 - 12:20 12:20 – 12:25
Opening Speaker Session 2 Dr.rer.nat. Shahril Anuar Bahari
(Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Malaysia)
Dr. Ir. JokoPitoyo, M.Si
(Indonesian Center for Agricultural Engineering Research and
Development (ICAERD) ) Q & A Session
Certificate symbolic delivery
Online photo session
Dr. Darwin
Dean of Agricultural Faculty Universitas Syiah Kuala
Committee 12.25 - 13.25 Break / refreshment
13.25 – 16.00 Parallel session:
Room 1 : Dr. Doh Shu Ing Room 2 : Dr. Rahmah Hayati Room 3 : Dr.Ir. Syahrul
Room 4 : Dr. YouventharanDuraisamy Room 5 : Mustaqimah, M.Sc
Room 6 : Fachruddin, M.Si Room 7 : Dr. T. Ferijal
Room 8 : Dr. Muhammad Yasar 16.00 – 16:30 Break / refreshment
16:30 - 17:00 Handover for best presenter and best paper award
Committee 17.00 –17.30 Closing remarks by Dean of Agriculture
Faculty, Syiah Kuala University
Prof.Dr.Ir.Samadi,M.Sc
Parallel Room 1
Track : AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY PIC : Dr. Doh Shu Ing
Time 13.30 – 16.00 (14.30 – 17.00
Malaysia Time)
ID Title
13.30 – 13.45 53 Study On The Separation of Phospholipids from Crude Palm Oil Using A Polyethersulfone Ultrafiltration Membrane
13.45 – 14.00 11 Allelopathic potential of siam weed (Chromolaenaodorata) extract for enhancing soybean productivity
14.00 – 14.15 12 The effect of protease from locally environment isolated bacteriaas a dehairing agent to the leather microstructure 14.15 – 14.30 13 Optimizing Resources through Bio-Industrial Agriculture
Innovations based on Vegetables and Beef-cattle in the Middleland of Tabanan, Bali Province
14.30 – 14.45 22 Soil Bioengineering for Sustainable Coffee Farming in Way Besai sub-watersheds, Lampung, Indonesia
14.45 – 15.00 23 Tolerance of Cassava Clones to the Red Mite Tetranychusurticae
15.00 – 15.15 51 Growth and yield response of a local pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) accession to begomoviral caused disease in the medium elevation land
15.15 – 15.30 52 Response of in vitro propagated fig (Ficuscarica L.) shoots to the concentrations of benzyl amino purine and coconut water
15.30 – 15.45 62 The Effect of Kelor (Moringaoleifera) Leaves Addition on
13.30 – 13.45 82 Effects of Rations Containing Leubiem Fish (ChanthidermisMaculatus) Waste and Phytogenic Suplementation on Local Ducks Performance in the Starter Phase
13.45 – 14.00 81 Detection Of Organophosphate Pesticide Residues Of Chili (Capsicum Annuum L.) In Different Seasons In Aceh Province
14.00 – 14.15 48 Model of system dynamics in New Generation Cooperative as an alternative to overcome the impact of potatoes price fluctuation in BenerMeriah District
14.15 – 14.30 59 Particle Size Distribution And Clay Minerals In Dryland Soils Of Aceh Besar, Indonesia
14.30 – 14.45 71 Detection of Organophosphate Pesticide Residues of Chilly (Capsicum annuum, L.) in Different Seasons In Aceh Province
14.45 – 15.00 73 The Effect of TrichodermaHarzianum Dose and Shallot Population (Allium cepa L.) on Chili Production (Capsicum annuum L.) by Intercropping System
15.00 – 15.15 75 Effectiveness of using the dose of mycorrhizal bio- fertilizers to increase growth and
production of red paprika (Capsicum annum L.) in Ultisols Aceh
15.15 – 15.30 76 Interaction between of using mycorrhizal fertilizers and varieties to increase organic
patchouli production in the Entisol soil Aceh Besar
15.30 – 15.45 78 The Effect Of The Planting Season On Physical-Chemical Characteristics Of Local Rice Varieties
15.45 – 16.00 5 Effect of selection methods on seed potato quality in the following season
Parallel Room 3 Track : Engineering PIC : Dr.Syahrul
Time 13.30 – 16.00
ID Title
14.30 – 14.45 18 Effect of drying methods on quality of dried beluntas leaves 14.45 – 15.00 19 Effect of drying methods on quality of dried white turmeric
(curcuma amada)
15.00 – 15.15 74 Effects of steam-treatment on the chemical component and thermal resistance of bagasse particle for natural-bonded composites product
15.15 – 15.30 79 Application Of The Nirs Method For Non-Destructive Measurement Of Fat And Carbohydrate In Pumpkin Seeds 15.30 – 15.45 6 Ablation Studies on YOLOFruit Detection Algorithm for
Fruit Harvesting Robot Using Deep Learning
ParallelRoom 4
Track : ENGINEERING
PIC : Dr. YouventharanDuraisamy
Time 13.30 – 16.00 (14.30 – 17.00 Malaysia Time)
ID Title
13.30 – 13.45 2 Addition of tape yeast and tempemould in optimization of traditional coconut oils production
13.45 – 14.00 4 Biological Treatment of Palm oil Mill Effluent (POME) by Using a Down Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactor
14.00 – 14.15 50 Characteristics Of Edible Coating Solution Using Corn Starch With Added Curry Leaf Extract On Strawberry (Fragaria x. ananassaDuch)
14.15 – 14.30 80 Internet-Based Temperature Monitoring System for Hydroponic
14.30 – 14.45 9 A framework for designing decision support
15.15 – 15.30 16 Promising Future Production of Bio-ethanol from Microalgae as a Renewable Source of Energy 15:30 – 15:45 87 Effect of irrigation methods and testing some rice
cultivars against growth, root development and yield on rainfedultisols of Aceh Besar
ParallelRoom 5
Track : ENGINEERING PIC : Mustaqimah, M.Sc
Time
13.30 – 16.00ID Title
13.30 – 13.45 3 Design and performance testing of areca nut thresher machine using solid triangle spike tooth type
13.45 – 14.00 40 Environmental assessment of soil quality indices using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy 14.00 – 14.15 41 Rapid detection on soil environmental pollution
by means of laser-near infrared technology
14.15– 14.30 44 Operator Workload Analysis on Coconut Tree Climbing Using Portable Coconut Climbing Equipment
14.30 – 14.45 49 Ergonomics Study on Pivot-Type Trailer Operation for Two-Wheel Tractor on Sloping Land
14.45 – 15.00 55 Distance transform-watershed segmentation based algorithm to separate touching corn kernel in digital images
15.00 – 15.15 58 Testing Coffee Roasting Machine With Electric Heater As Heat Source
15.15 – 15.30 61 Controlled sprinkler irrigation system for agricultural plant cultivation
15.30 – 15.45 86 Implementation knowledge management for land and water management case study in Sriharjo Village, Bantul District, Province of Yogyakarta
Parallel Room 6
14.00 – 14.15 67 Simulation of temperature spread of a coffee roasting machine and profile of roasted coffee beans using horizontal cylinder type roast machine
14.15 – 14.30 85 Assessment of sensory criteria fruit candy from averhoablimbi l. with comparison of eckenrode and fuzzy eckenrode method
14.30 – 14.45 88 Performance test of greenhouse affect (GHE) vent dryer with the addition of paraffin as a heat storage medium
14.45 – 15.00 54 Fast Quantitative Prediction of Patchouli Alcohol Content Using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy
15.00 – 15.15 56 Evaluation Of Soil Fertility A Case Study In Aceh Besar District
15.15 – 15.30 57 Cropping Pattern and Schedule Using K Factor For Optimizing Irrigation Networks Operation in KruengJreu Irrigation Area, Aceh, Indonesia 15.30 – 15.45 70 Characterization of Nanocrystalline Cellulose
Isolated from Banana Bunches Waste Using Acid Hydrolysis
15:45 – 16:00 72 A Comparative Study : Characterization of Nanogelatin Made from Skin of Dumbo Catfish (Clariasgariepinus) Effect of Extraction Techniques
Parallel Room 7
Track : ENGINEERING PIC : Dr. T Ferijal
Time ID Title
14.15 – 14.30 33 Potential Sedimentation in the Operational Ciliwung Diversion Tunnel
14.30 – 14.45 37 Corrosion Protection of Deteriorated Pre-cast RC Spun Pile Exposed to Sea Water Environment 14.45 – 15.00 42 Applying near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a
rapid and non-destructive approach for mango fruit quality assessment
15.00 – 15.15 43 Update on waste reduction performance by waste-to-energy incineration pilot plant PLTSaBantargebang operations in the first semester of 2021
15.15 – 15.30 45 Technical Feasibility Study of Tilapia Cultivation By Utilizing IeSeuum Geothermal Water Sources, Aceh Besar
15.30 – 15.45 46 Prediction of water content and soluble solids content of manalagi apples using near infrared spectroscopy
15:45 – 16:00 83 Erosion and Sedimentation Analysis Due to Land Use Changes in the KruengPase Watershed 16:00 – 16:15 38 The role of outdoor recreation on microclimate
sustainability in PerumahanCemaraAsri Medan
Parallel Room 8
Track : ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES PIC : Dr. Muhammad Yasar
Time 13.30 – 16.00
ID Title
13.30 – 13.45 17 Risk Level Analysis of Human-Elephants Conflict in the Peusangan Watershed of Aceh Province, Indonesia
13.45 – 14.00 25 CO2 emissions and influence: Case in Indonesia 14.00 – 14.15 26 Renewable Energy and FDI and Its Effect on
Economic Growth in Indonesia
14.15 – 14.30 31 Analysis Of Habitat Suitability Of Birds
FamiliAccipitridae In The Forest Park Of
KulonProgo Regency
15.15 – 15.30 24 The Habitat Characteristics of Sumatran Elephant (Elephasmaximussumatranus) in The Forest of SerbajadiSubdistrict Aceh Province
15.30 – 15.45 30 Comparison of Loss Rainfall Data Analysis using Normal Ratio Method and Inversed Square Distance Method
15.45 – 16.00 34 Developing a groundwater conservation area in Randublatung Groundwater Basin
16:00 – 16:15 84 Water Quality Index and the Sediment Criteria
Due To Anthropogenic Activity In Barat Aceh
District, Indonesia
PRESENTED PAPER ABSTRACTS
Paper ID 1
THE EFFECTS OF RICE PLANT MOISTURE CONTENT AND SOME MECHANICAL PARAMETERS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF A DEVELOPED RICE REAPER
Gana, I.M1*,Tauheed I M1, Gbabo A2
1Department of Agricultural & Bio-environmental Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State Nigeria.
2Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.
Corresponding author: ganaibro74@yahoo.com
Abstract. This study focuses on the investigation of the effects of rice plant moisture content and some mechanical parameters of a rice reaper on its performance characteristics using a response surface methodology (RSM). The rice reaper is used to harvest rice plants, and its mechanical parameters, such as operating speed and cutting speed at different plant moisture levels, have been studied, while cutting efficiency, field efficiency, and percentage losses are used as performance indicators. The experiment was based on a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). The results of testing of the machine reveal that the highest cutting efficiency of 96.45% was obtained from a combination of an operating speed of 1.8 km/hr, a cutting speed of 50 m/min and a plant moisture content of 24%. The highest field efficiency of 98.4% was obtained from a combination of an operating speed of 2.4 km/hr, a cutting speed of 50 m/min and a plant moisture content of 24%. The highest percentage loss of 56.95% was obtained from a combination of an operating speed of 1.8 km/hr, a cutting speed of 20 m/min and a plant moisture content of 18%. The cutting speed and the rice plant moisture content had significant effects (p ≤ 0.05) on the cutting efficiency, while the operating speed had insignificant effects (p ≤ 0.05). All the three variables had significant effects (p ≤ 0.05) on the field efficiency and the percentage of loss of the harvester. Optimization of the machine parameters carried out using numerical optimization technique by applying desirability function method in rsm produced combination of operating speed of 2.33 km/hr, cutting speed of 49.94 m/min and plant moisture content of 24% (wb gave optimal values of cutting efficiency of 99.24%, field efficiency of 95.99%, and percentage loss of 0.89%. The results of this fabrication research, therefore, are the availability of a rice reaper that is affordable, durable, serviceable and easy to operate by local farmers; hence, a remarkable contribution towards the mechanisation of rice cultivation in Nigeria.
ADDITION OF TAPE YEAST AND TEMPE MOULD IN OPTIMIZATION OF TRADITIONAL COCONUT OILS PRODUCTION
D Yunita1*, N M Erfiza1, H Oktarina2, N Nurliana3, and D K Alfiati1
1 Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Jl. Tgk. Hasan Krueng Kalee No. 3, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
2 Department of Plant Protection, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Jl. Tgk.
Hasan Krueng Kalee No. 3, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
3 Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Jl. Tgk. Hasan Krueng Kalee No. 4, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Corresponding author: dewi_yunita@unsyiah.ac.id
Abstract. Pliek u is fermented, grated, and dried coconut meat which is used as a cooking ingredient in Aceh, Indonesia. This ingredient is a by-product of the manufacturing process of traditional coconut oils which are known as simplah and pliek u oils. The difference between these two oils is in the drying step; while simplah oil is produced before drying, pliek u oil is produced after drying. Normally, these three products are produced by natural fermentation (without the addition of starter cultures) and the whole process takes up to 20 days. Therefore, this study aims to test methods for speeding up production time and for increasing the yield by adding commercial starter cultures (tape yeast, tempe mould, and combination of both types). The coconut was fermented for one to three days. A control was conducted for fermented coconut without adding any starters. This experiment was conducted using group randomised design with three replicates. The results show that the addition of commercial starters decreased the production time up to nine days. The application of a single starter shortened fermentation time to two days while the combination of the starters required three days. In terms of the yield, the use of tape yeast either on its own or in combination starters increased the yield of simplah oil more than 100%. Also, the addition of tempe mould either on its own or in combination starters increased the yield of pliek u oil up to 60%. Conversely, the yield of pliek u was maximised without adding any starters. These findings suggested that tape yeast and tempe mould should not be added at the same time to maximize the production of both oils.
Paper ID 3
DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE TESTING OF ARECA NUT THRESHER MACHINE USING SOLID TRIANGLE SPIKE TOOTH TYPE
Ramayanty Bulan12 *, Mustaqimah12, Kiman Siregar1,2, Seri Reka Lesdiana1, Khairul Anwar1, Agustami Sitorus3
1Department of Agricultural Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Indonesia
2Agricultural Mechanization Research Centre, Syiah Kuala University, Indonesia
3Research Center for Appropriate Technology, Indonesian Institut of Sciences, Indonesia Corresponding author : ramayantybulan@gmail.com
Abstract. The technology for handling agricultural products from areca nut has not received serious attention. However, the areca nut has an economic value that is not inferior to other palm plants. One of the activities that must be passed to get quality betel nut is threshing areca nut from the bunch. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to design and test the performance of a betel nut threshing machine that uses a solid triangle spike-type threshing gear. This study uses an experimental manufacturing method in the workshop and laboratory testing. A working drawing of the areca thresher machine is a guide in carrying out the construction. The effect of the rotational speed on the threshing shaft (34 rpm, 42 rpm, and 50 rpm) was carried out in testing the engine performance on the parameters of the percentage of threshing results, engine capacity, and fuel consumption. The results of this study indicate that the areca thresher machine has been successfully designed with a diesel motor driving source with a power of 6.5 hp, 2200 rpm.
The threshing results with a rotational speed of 50 rpm will give the best percentage of threshing products. It can be seen that the increase in rotational speed applied to the threshing machine will be in line with the increase in the engine capacity. In addition, the fuel consumption in the form of diesel from this thresher machine is 0.039 l/hr.
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT (POME) BY USING A DOWN FLOW HANGING SPONGE (DHS) REACTOR
Nabilah Rapia1, Cynthia Janea1, Mohd Edyazuan Aznia1, Sharifah Mariam Sayed Hitama1, Rozyanti Mohamada1, Noorain Roslana1*
1Malaysian Institute of Chemical Engineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Lot 1988 Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka,
Malaysia.
Corresponding author email: sitinoorain@unikl.edu.my
Abstract. Treatment using a downflow hanging sponge reactor as a post-treatment of agro-industrial wastewater has been recognized worldwide. However, the effectiveness of the system in treating POME is remains unknown. Therefore, with this background in mind, an anaerobic treatment operated at COD loading rate of 0.4-0.6 kg/m3/dy, HRT of 2 hours and input pH of 7.6 was run using a DHS reactor packed with sponge media for the treatment of POME. During the study, the output concentration performances of COD (32- 58%), color (41 – 76%), ammoniacal nitrogen (66 – 92%) and phosphate (54 -87%) were recorded. These results indicate comparable performances with the existing biological treatment system. However, it also offered additional credits in-term of fouling and clogging issues, practicality as well as lower cost and energy consumption. Thus, it will be great to have a system that is capable to provide a simple technology which is affordable to various industrial scales.
Paper ID 5
EFFECT OF SELECTION METHODS ON SEED POTATO QUALITY IN THE FOLLOWING SEASON
Gunadi N1*, Pronk A2, Karjati A K1, Prabaningrum L1, Moekasan TK1, Hengsdijk H2
1Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute (IVEGRI)
2Wageningen University and Research (WUR) Corresponding author : nkgunadi@gmail.com
Abstract. Most potato farmers in Indonesia select the small tubers at harvest for planting in the following season, the so-called farmers’ practice (FP). This propagation method is cheap but the small tubers may come from less healthy plants, which is likely to increase the build-up of diseases with accelerated yield decreases over the seasons. Alternatively, farmers may identify healthy plants within the growing season and select those for propagation, the so-called positive plant selection method (PPSM). An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of PPSM compared to FP on yields in the following season in the two main potato growing areas of West Java, i.e., Pangalengan and Garut.
Generations G2 and G3 of cv. Granola and one generation of the imported cv. Atlantic were used. Selected seeds using PPSM and FP were planted in the second season in a randomized complete block design. Results show that yields of seeds selected through PPSM were significantly higher compared to seeds selected through FP, over both locations, on average, 7.4, 5.5 and 1.2 ton ha-1 for Granola G2 and G3, and the Atlantic, respectively. These yield increases represent an increase in the gross revenue of 30.8 to 51.8 million IDR ha-1 for Granola and 1.9 to 7.8 million IDR ha-1 for Atlantic at a farm gate price of 7,000 and 6,500 IDR kg-1, respectively. This study confirms that PPSM is superior to FP and improves the quality of the farm's saved seeds.
ABLATION STUDIES ON YOLOFRUIT DETECTION ALGORITHM FOR FRUIT HARVESTING ROBOT USING DEEP LEARNING
Olarewaju Lawal1*, Huamin Zhao1, Fan Zhao1
1Shanxi Agricultural University
Corresponding author : olarewajulawal@yahoo.com
Abstract. Fruit detection algorithm as an integral part of harvesting robot is expected to be robust, accurate, and fast against environmental factors such as occlusion by stem and leaves, uneven illumination, overlapping fruit and many more. For this reason, this paper explored and compared ablation studies on proposed YOLOFruit, YOLOv4, and YOLOv5 detection algorithms. The final selected YOLOFruit algorithm used ResNet43 backbone with Combined activation function for feature extraction, Spatial Pyramid Pooling Network (SPPNet) for detection accuracies, Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) for feature pyramids, Distance Intersection Over Union−Non Maximum Suppression (DIoU−NMS) for detection efficiency and accuracy, and Complete Intersection Over Union (CIoU) loss for faster and better performance. The obtained results showed that the average detection accuracy of YOLOFruit at 86.2% is 1% greater than YOLOv4 at 85.2% and 4.3% higher than YOLOv5 at 81.9%, while the detection time of YOLOFruit at 11.9ms is faster than YOLOv4 at 16.6ms, but not with YOLOv5 at 2.7ms. Hence, the YOLOFruit detection algorithm is highly prospective for better generalization and real−time fruit detection.
Paper ID 9
A FRAMEWORK FOR DESIGNING DECISION SUPPORT SYMBIOTIC SIMULATION SYSTEMS FOR HORTICULTURAL SUPPLY CHAINS
INVOLVING SMALLHOLDER FARMERS
K. Kusnandar1, T. Perdana2, A. L. H. Achmad3, F. R. Hermiatin4
1 Research Center for Science, Technology, Innovation Policy and Management, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia
2 Department of Agro Socio-Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
3 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
4 School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
Corresponding author : kusn009@lipi.go.id, Tomy.perdana@unpad.ac.id, audilha@gmail.com, Fernianda_rahayu@sbm-itb.ac.id
Abstract. Horticulture is one of the important components of Indonesia’s economy that come from the agricultural sector. However, many challenges encountered in the development of horticultural supply chains (HSCs) in Indonesia. One of them is the lack of production planning that suits the market demand. This results in inefficiency, high food losses and price fluctuation. HSCs systems are complex, especially in developing countries like Indonesia in which many smallholders involved. Concerning this situation, ICT-based approaches have been widely proposed to integrate planning along supply chains. One of the approaches is a symbiotic simulation that enables interaction between real system and simulation system. Symbiotic simulation is a hybrid system model designed to support decision-makers to plan their activities using the real/near real-time data generated by the real systems as the inputs. However, how this system model can be used in HSC systems involving many smallholders is still a question. This paper proposes a framework to design decision support symbiotic simulations for HSC systems involving smallholders. The framework is designed based on the literature study on symbiotic simulation and agricultural supply chains in developing countries. In this framework, four activities in the HSCs are considered: 1) production; 2) post-production; 3) logistics, and 4) market. This framework can be used by farmers’ cooperative or agricultural companies that have partnerships with smallholders to plan their activities along their supply chains.
DISSEMINATION OF PORTABLE COMBINING MACHINE AS APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS FOR CORN FARMING IN SLOPING REGION
(STUDY CASE: GORONTALO PROVINCE, INDONESIA)
Hariadi1*, Romi Djafar1, Ikrima Staddal1, Burhan Liputo1
1 Department of Agricultural Machinery and Equipment, Polytechnic of Gorontalo (POLIGON), Bone-Bolango, Indonesia.
Corresponding author : hariadi@poligon.ac.id
Abstract. Corn is vital crop cultivation in Gorontalo Province and becomes major export comodity from the agricultural sector. The most of corn farms are located in hilly and mountainous area known as sloping agriculture. The main aim of this study was to analyze the advantages of portable combine machine, peeling-thresher corn as appropriate technology, to support sloping agriculture, reduce cost production and generate farmers income. All of members of POKTAN Dusun Beringin and POKTAN Dusun Puncak in Tutuwoto village -study case location- stated that budgetting for labour is the most expensive for corn cultivation in their region. Dissemination of peeling-thresher machine is proven shorten of harvest and post harvest steps in the current pattern. Results revealed that the technological input decreased 34.50% operational cost of harvest and post harvest from Rp8,520,000 to Rp2,940,000. Furthermore, its application improved the farmers net profit 51.67% ha-1 and 85.01% ha-1 for own and loan capital respectively, in one growing season about 4 month. It is concluded that proper equipment implemented in hilly farming reduces cost production and its implication redoubles revenue of the POKTAN members.
Paper ID 11
ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF SIAM WEED (CHROMOLAENA ODORATA) EXTRACT FOR ENHANCING SOYBEAN PRODUCTIVITY H Hasanuddin12, S Hafsah1, G Erida1, A Marliah1, H Bahri1, J Bobihoe3, D S Aryani4*
1Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
2Weed Management Laboratory, Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
3Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology, Jambi, Indonesia
4Department of Agroecotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Malikussaleh, Aceh Utara, Indonesia.
Corresponding author: dewi.sartika.aryani@unimal.ac.id
Abstract. Many tropical invasive species have strong allelopathic effects. Chromolaena odorata is reported to have the best potential to act as bioherbicide against several weeds on crops. This research was conducted in May-September 2019 to evaluate the efficacy of C. odorata extract on soybean plant. This study employed Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) Factorial with two factors. The first factor was 4 different doses of C.
odorata extracts: 0, 8, 16 and 24 tons ha-1. The second factor was 3 different times of application: 0, 7 and 14 days after planting. Variables observed were number of pods per plant, seed weight per plant, weight of 100 seeds and yield of dry seeds. The findings indicated that the extract did have effect on seed weight per plant, weight of 100 seeds and yield of dry seeds. The application of extract 16-24 tons ha-1 has improved the seed weight per plant, weight of 100 seeds, and yield of dry seeds. There was no interaction between siam weed extract and time of application in all variables observed.
THE EFFECT OF PROTEASE FROM LOCALLY ENVIRONMENT ISOLATED BACTERIA AS A DEHAIRING AGENT TO THE LEATHER
MICROSTRUCTURE
Arnieda Asfarina P1, Novita K1, Viagian P1, Ragil Y2, Yuny E1, and Ambar P1*
1Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Fauna No. 3 Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
2Department of Leather Processing Technology, Politeknik ATK Yogyakarta, Sewon, Yogyakarta, 55185, Indonesia
Corresponding author : artiwi@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract. Protease enzyme as a dehairing agent in the tannery process is provided a positive effect to the eco-friendly environment. In general, alkaline protease used in the leather tannery is not resistant to the high temperature. Protease enzyme produced by common proteolytic bacteria such as Bacillus sp. becomes an alternative of enzyme source that can be used as a dehairing agent. The study aims to identify the locally isolated bacteria used in the dehairing process, and to identify the morphology of the leather using protease from locally isolated bacteria. The bacteria were found and isolated from shrimp pond in Bantul region, Yogyakarta. The protease activity from isolated bacteria was compared to that from Bacillus sp. in triplicates. The leather microstructure through scanning electron microscope (SEM) was observed, and was evaluated by bacterial count, nitrogen content, and pH value. Based on the results, protease activity in the leather was increased significantly, while the bacterial count, nitrogen content, and pH value is not significantly affected. The microstructure of leather using protease as dehairing agent physically showed the changes of fiber structure to be a good fiber composition. In conclusion, the locally isolated bacteria that found in this study has similar capability to the common protease enzyme from other proteolytic bacteria, and it can be a source for producing protease enzyme with the high leather quality.
Paper ID 13
OPTIMIZING RESOURCES THROUGH BIO-INDUSTRIAL AGRICULTURE INNOVATIONS BASED ON VEGETABLES AND BEEF-CATTLE IN THE
MIDDLELAND OF TABANAN, BALI PROVINCE Lintje hutahaean1*, Vyta Wahyu Hanifah1, I Nyoman Adijaya2
1Indonesian Center for Agricultural Technology Assessment and Development (ICATAD), Ministry of Agriculture, Indonesia
2Asssessment Institute for Agricultural Technology (AIAT) Bali, Indonesia Corresponding author : lintjehutahaean@gmail.com
Abstract. Bio-industrial agriculture innovation is intended to reach a sustainability in farming practices by optimizing local resources and addressing environmentally friendly.
The study aimed at exploring the technical, economic, social and environmental impacts of optimizing agricultural resources through bio-industrial agriculture innovation. This research was conducted in the middleland of Baturiti Village, Antapan District, Tabanan Regency, Bali Province. Data was collected from Focus Group Discussion conducted in 2018 with 30 farmers from three different groups and local extension agents. Updates were also received from the latest report by AIAT Bali in 2019. The results showed that:
(1) planting index was very high that vegetables were harvested weekly; (2) the usage of chemical inputs decreased by 50-70% due to the integrated closed-cycle system between livestock and crop biomass in the bio-industrial agriculture system; (3) production costs reduced for fertilizers, pesticides and labor; (4) value added of products increased by selling organic and processed products; (5) labor empowerment increased because farming was carried out throughout the year; (6) environmental condition was well improved and has the potential for agro-tourism. In conclusion, the optimization of agricultural resources through bio-industrial agriculture innovation can be referred as a model for sustainable agriculture as well as environmentally friendly.
ANIMALS SLAUGHTERHOUSE WASTEWATER TREATMENT WITH POLYETHERSULFONE MEMBRANE AND CELLULOSE NANO
CRYSTALS
F Wahyuni1, S Aprilia2*, N Arahman2, K Rahmah2
1 Graduate School of Environmental Management, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia Corresponding author: sriaprilia@unsyiah.ac.id
Abstract. A slaughterhouse is a building designed to cut animals that will be consumed by the community. The slaughterhouse waste is immediately discharged into the sewer.
To solve this problem, processing techniques are needed in processing waste from the slaughterhouse. Separation techniques using membranes become one of the alternatives for wastewater treatment. Polymers that are often used as the basic material in the manufacture of ultrafiltration membranes are Polyethersulfone (PES). One membrane modification is with the addictive addition of cellulose nanocrystals which is very significant in biomaterial development. The main objectives of the study were the preparation and characteristics of nanocrystal cellulose-based PES membranes, as well as membrane performance tests and the slaughterhouse waste treatment requiring BOD, COD, TSS, and oil-fat parameters. The three types of membranes used are M1= PES 18% +NPM, M2= PES 18% + nano cellulose crystalline 1%, M3= PES 18% + nano cellulose crystalline 5%. M1 permeability data is 4.16 L/m2.jam.bar, M2 is 5,711 L/m2.jam.bar, and M3 is 12.95 L/m2.jam.bar. The membrane surfaces of M2 and M3 have a tighter top layer and pores than the M1 membrane. The number of waves obtained with consecutive IR spectroscopy is 3658 cm-1, 2590 cm-1, and 1643 cm-1. The Break Elongation value on the M3 membrane is 68%. It is higher than M1 and M2 membranes.
M3 membrane water analysis value is better than M1 and M2 membrane, BOD, COD, TSS, oil-fat, and pH analysis values on M3 membranes were 39.01 mg/L, 62.91 mg/L, 5 mg/L, 4.53 mg/L, and 1.96 mg/L. All animal slaughterhouse wastewater analysis results did not pass through quality standards after passing secondary treatment by filtration test.
Paper ID 16
PROMISING FUTURE PRODUCTION OF BIO-ETHANOL FROM MICROALGAE AS A RENEWABLE SOURCE OF ENERGY
Wusnah1, M. D. Supardan2, S. Haryani3 and Yunardi2*
1Doctoral Program, School of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
2Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
3Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Corresponding author: yunardi@unsyiah.ac.id
Abstract. Fossil fuels mainly supply the current increasing world's energy demand originated from non-renewable resources. In addition to the issue of the depletion of their resources within the next short time, the combustion of fossil fuels to particularly power industries and transportation also provides negative impacts on humans and the environment due to the release of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides gasses as well as soot. In an attempt to increase the share of renewables in the primary energy mix, the Government of Indonesia has been struggling to meet a target of 23% by 2025, as renewables only accounted for 8% by 2017. Therefore, more significant efforts to search for potential renewable energy sources are the only way to overcome this issue. Bioethanol has been well known as an eco-friendly renewable energy source since its combustion emits a low concentration of pollutants. Microalgae have gained significant interest in bioethanol production because of rapid biomass growth and relatively easy pre-treatment steps. It is renewable, carbon-neutral, sustainable and can be grown in wastewater coupling as wastewater treatment. This paper will give general information on bioethanol production, provide knowledge on the characteristics of microalgae potential for producing biomass to be converted into bioethanol, introduce various available processes for bioethanol production, and present the potential economic perspective of bioethanol as a renewable share of Indonesian national primary energy mix.
RISK LEVEL ANALYSIS OF HUMAN-ELEPHANTS CONFLICT IN THE PEUSANGAN WATERSHED OF ACEH PROVINCE, INDONESIA C E Diana1, A Abdullah2*, E Efendi3, S Supriatno4, M Hambal5, K Andayani6
1Graduate School of Environmental Management, Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh, Indonesia
2Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh
3Law Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh
4Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh
5Veterinary Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh
6Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh
Corresponding author: abdullah@unsyiah.ac.id
Abstract. The Peusangan watershed is home to hundreds of communities and approximately to 50 individuals of the endemic wildlife (Elephas maximus sumatranus).
Human and elephants conflict is a competition in the intersection of needs that has a negative impact on the community welfare and elephants. Elephants are protected wildlife that must be preserved, while at the same time there are socio-economic interests of the community which must also be guaranteed to be protected from possible damage due to the movement of the elephants. This study aims to determine the risk level by using a descriptive quantitative approach to identify the level of risk in the village area which is directly adjacent to the home range and not directly adjacent to the home range in the Peusangan watershed area. The method used is observation. The research sample was taken by purposive random sampling. Data collecting in the form of questionnaires and interviews. Data on the risk level of human elephants conflict were analyzed using the risk level formula. The hypothesis test of this study was carried out by analyzing the Independent Sample Test. The results of the study indicate that there are differences in
Paper ID 18
EFFECT OF DRYING METHODS ON QUALITY OF DRIED BELUNTAS LEAVES
A S Telaumbanua1, J N W Karyadi1*, R Pravitajaty1, K Ma’rifah1, A N I Kusumastuti1 and D Ayuni1
1Dept. of Agricultural and Bio-systems,Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora no 1 Bulak sumur Yogyakarta 5528, Indonesia
Corresponding Author: Jknugroho@ugm.ac.id
Abstract. Beluntas leaf is one type of medicinal plant that has pharmacological effects, such as antituberculosis, antioxidant, antidiarrheal, antidiabetic, and antibacterial. A lot of health benefits of beluntas leaves are due to the fact that beluntas leaves have bioactive compounds. Drying is one of the processes before the beluntas leaves are consumed.
However, the quality of beluntas leaves is easily degraded during drying. This study aims to perform mathematical modeling of changes in water content, calculate effective diffusivity and activation energy, and examine changes in the physical and chemical quality of dried beluntas leaves. In this study, beluntas leaves were dried in 8 drying methods, namely greenhouse effect (ERK) dryer, cabinet dryer (CD) at 40, 50, 60, and 70℃, and freeze dryer (FD) at 35, 45, and 55℃. Physical and chemical quality parameters measured were water content, rehydration ratio, color, shrinkage, microstructure, bulk density, weight loss, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that drying with a freeze dryer at 45℃ was the most optimal drying method with a final moisture content value is 5.84%; the final a*, Ho, and E values, respectively, are -13.87;
127.01; and 6.44; length and width shrinkage values, namely 42.47 and 37.04%; the value of the rehydration ratio is 2.25; bulk density value is 17.77 kg/m3; total phenolic content is 36.44 mgGAE/g solid weight; and the percentage of antioxidant activity is 44.75%. In addition, Page's model was the best at predicting the drying behavior of beluntas leaves. The effective diffusivity value of drying beluntas leaves in this study ranged from 0.3192 - 8.7329×10-12 m2/s. The activation energies in the CD and FD treatments were 42.80 and 0.069 kJ/mol, respectively.
