Agroforestry System: An Effort To Critical Land Rehabilitation At Sulung Area PT. Citra Borneo Indah Central Kalimantan

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Proceedings of the International Symposium on Tropical Forest Ecosystem Science and Management 2013

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AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM: AN EFFORT TO CRITICAL LAND REHABILITATION AT SULUNG AREA PT. CITRA BORNEO INDAH CENTRAL KALIMANTAN

By:

Abdul Rauf *1_{, Rahmawaty} 2_{, Rimbun Situmorang}3_{, and Dwi Hartanto}3 1_{Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sumatera Utara University}

Email: a_rauf_soil@yahoo.co.id

2_{Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Sumatera Utara University} Email: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com

3_{PT. Citra Borneo Indah, Pangkalan Bun, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia}

Summary: A land area of approximately 118.52 ha of PT. Citra Borneo Indah (CBI) located in Sulung Area, Arut Selatan, Kotawaringin Barat, Central Kalimantan Province is a very critical area with a thickness of 0-15 cm soil solum (very shallow), rocky, flat to wavy, and the expanse of impermeable layer in some places the surface. Land with this condition can not be cultivated for oil palm cultivation which is the main commodity of PT. CBI. In 2006, this critical area began empowered by the application of agroforestry systems based on cattle/forage grass, fruit trees, and forests. In Agroforestry systems can be classified into Agrosilvopastural type. Based on observations in February 2013 note that 49.48 ha (41.75%) of the degraded grazing land has become (grazzing/ pasture/runch) with the type of grass were Bracharia decomben, Tully Grass, Paspalum dilatatum, Buffel Grass, and Star Grass. On a land area of 35.30 ha (29.78%) is land with orchard grass for cut grass (species Taiwan Grass, King Grass, Elepant Grass, Panikum maximum and Setaria. Forest conservation and captive deer are in an area of 24.89 ha (21%). The remaining area of 8.85 ha (7.47%) in the form of land plant fruit trees (Durian, Rambutan, Orange, Longan, and Mango).

Keywords: Critical land, Agroforestry, Agrosilvopastural

INTRODUCTION

Currently, critical areas such as any form have become a resource that should be empowered to fulfill the necessities of life, food, clothing, shelter, and energy. Degraded land caused by land degradation and soil erosion resulting in lower layers of soil and even rock surface slopes to the steep hills were commonly cultivated, both with high agro technology (capital-intensive), and the simple Agro technology (Rauf, 2011). Cultivation on degraded lands can be done through several ways, namely: big hole, hole in hole, vertical mulch, ponds, rorak, swales, and terassering (Arsyad, 2000). Thus, critical land gradually increase the value of economic, social and environmental

Degraded land due to inundation, tidal land, wetlands, and other types of wetlands that had been abandoned, already reclaimed to agriculture, such as: surjan system, ponds, Silvofishery. Even for garden or recreation (water-based) such as: dams, fishing land, area of natural habitat for fish and birds and others. Likewise with critical land in the concession area of PT. Citra Borneo Indah (CBI) covering an area of approximately 118.52 acres located in Sulung Area, Arut Selatan, Kotawaringin Barat, Central Kalimantan Province, since 2006 has been developed for the application of agroforestry systems based on cattle/forage grass, fruit trees, and forests.

Land is very critical (0-15 cm soil solum thickness/very shallow), rocky, flat to wavy, and the expanse of impermeable layer in some places the surface is now used for the cultivation of

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forage grass crops in combination with fruits and forests as well as maintaining an integrated cattle. In Agroforestry systems can be classified into Agrosilvopastural type (Chundawat and Gautam, 1993; Michon et al.,1989). Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the extent of degraded land in the concession area of PT. Citra Borneo Indah (CBI) that can be empowered to agro-based economic activities with a major component of grass and cattle (type agrosilvopastural), plant / fruit trees and forest trees.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Land rehabilitation studies based on agroforestry system was done in PT. Citra Borneo Indah (CBI) in March 2013. The study was conducted using descriptive methods, field surveys and interviews with managers of the farm division of PT. Citra Borneo Indah. Some of the activities that have been undertaken, namely: the collection of secondary data (related to cattle, fodder grass, cultivation, and distribution) and primary data (observation forage grass, fruit trees, forest trees, livestock, pasture, and soil conditions).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Critical land in the concession area of PT. Citra Borneo Indah (CBI) with area of 118.52 hectares was distributed based on typology of various of land uses, as presented in Table 1.

Table 1: Types of critical land use in PT. Citra Borneo Indah (CBI) based on typology of land

No. Typology of Land Area Types of use Component

Ha %

1 Flat to wavy, solum: shallow to very shallow, rocky coral-gravel

49.48 41.75 grazzing/pasture/ runch

Bracharia decomben, Tully Grass,

Paspalum dilatatum, Buffel Grass, and Star Grass 2 Flat to wavy, solum:

moderate deep, gravel

35.30 29.78 Gardens Grass Taiwan Grass, King

Grass, Elepant grass, Panikum maximum, and Setaria

3 Wavy to slope, there is the river channel, solum: moderate deep

24.89 21.00 Forest conservation

tropical forest and captive deer

4 Wavy to slope, banks of the

swamp/reservoirs, solum: moderate deep

8.85 7.47 Fruits Garden Durian, Rambutan,

Orange, Longan, Mango and grass under the stand

Total 118.52 100.00 - -

Sources: Observations and interviews (2013)

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can be used to sustain the increased of productivity and controlling land degradation (Table 1).

On the Wavy to slope with moderate deep solum, there is the river channel, land area of approximately 24.89 ha, in the upper reaches of the estimated prone to landslides and erosion as well as to secure the springs and river channel dedicated to forest conservation to the type of natural vegetation and tropical forests in one part is used for captive deer. While on the downstream with conditions Wavy to slope, banks of the swamp/reservoirs, moderate deep solum planted with fruit trees such as: Durian, Rambutan, Orange, Longan, Mango and grass under the stand. All fruit trees and forage grass that was cultivated fertilized using manure comes from cows raised cage by PT. CBI. Thus, critical land previously not utilized a resource that can provide economic benefits and the land can be rehabilitated which provide social and environmental benefits.

The births of cattle average per year for two years (2011-2012) is 168.5 (Table 2). This provides economic benefits. While the births of cattle per month in 2011 and 2012 in PT.Citra Borneo Indah presented in Figures 1 and 2.

Table 2: The total of cattle births per month in the last two years in PT.CBI

Month 2011 2012

bull heifer Total bull heifer Total

Total 88 71 159 107 71 178

Average 7.33 5.92 13.25 8.92 5.92 14.84

Source: Archives Management of Livestock Division PT. CBI (2013)

Figure 1: The births of cattle per month in 2011 in PT.Citra Borneo Indah

Figure 2: The births of cattle per month in 2012 in PT. Citra Borneo Indah 0

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

bull

heifer

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

bull

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Based on Table 2, it can be seen that the births of cattle average per month in 2011 is 13.25 and in 2012 increased to 14.84. in terms of the increasing of cattle, bulls are generally better than the heifer that is 1.24 times more in 2011 and 1.51 times more in 2012. The bulls will be more profitable because the price is more expensive than the heifer.

In terms of land management can be seen that there are linkages between the upstream region (in the form of forest conservation as a backup) and a water source and in the middle (in the form of pasture and grazing), while downstream of the form of cultivation of horticulture crops (fruits) that transect of land use these can be categorized into agroforestry systems with land distribution sequentially. In terms of its constituent components, agroforestry systems are categorized as Agrosilvopastural (the combination of agricultural commodities (in this case fruit trees) and trees (vegetation) of forest and pasture and livestock (cattle). This study is in agreement with Lal (1995) and Nair (1989).

CONCLUSIONS

Critical land in the concession area of PT. Citra Borneo Indah (CBI) rehabilitated by applying the concept of agroforestry with agrosilvopastural type. Of 118.52 hectares of critical land in the area PT.CBI, approximately 24.89 acres in the upper reaches are used for conservation and captive deer, the middle area of 60.19 hectares are used for pasture and forage grass cultivation, while in the downstream area of 8.85 hectares used for the cultivation of fruit trees.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are grateful to the Management of PT. Citra Borneo Indah (especially to Mr. Rimbun Situmorang, Mr. Budi Setiawan, Mr. Ramzi Sastra, and Mr. Dwi Hartanto for providing professional assistance and the University of Sumatera Utara (USU), Medan, Indonesia, for support this study.

REFERENCES

Rauf, A. (2011). Agroforestry systems; Measuring Empowerment Sustainable Land. USU Press. Medan.

Arsyad, S. (2000). Soil and Water Conservation. Cetakan ke 3. IPB Press, Bogor.

Chundawat, B.S., and S.K. Gautam. (1993). Textbook of Agroforestry. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Lal, R. (1995). Sustainable Management of Soil Resources in the Humid Tropics. United Nation University Press, Tokyo.

Michon, G., F. Mary., and J. Bompard. (1989). Multistoreyed Agroforestry Garden System in West Sumatra Indonesia, In. Agroforestry System in The Tropics. Edited by: P.K.R. Nair. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands. p. 242-268.

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12/2/2018 Gmail - Submission-Oral and Poster Presentation-rahmawaty et al.

https://mail.google.com/mail/u/1?ik=346879a4fa&view=pt&search=all&permthid=thread-f%3A1443859793265699358&simpl=msg-f%3A14438597932… 1/2

Rahmawaty PhD <rahmawaty1974@gmail.com>

Submission-Oral and Poster Presentation-rahmawaty et al.

4 messages

rahmawaty hamsuddin <rahmawaty1974@gmail.com> Tue, Aug 20, 2013 at 11:13 AM To: zara@btu.upm.edu.my, Dr seca <seca@btu.upm.edu.my>

Cc: rahmawaty <rahmawaty@usu.ac.id>

Bcc: a_rauf_soil@yahoo.co.id, ramzisastra <ramzisastra@yahoo.com>

Dear Dr. Seca Gandaseca and Dr. Zamri bin Rosli

please find our full paper both oral and poster as attached. kindly to inform me if the paper already receipt.

thank you

regards,

Rahmawaty

On 8/1/13, zara@btu.upm.edu.my <zara@btu.upm.edu.my> wrote: > Dear all,

>

> Our technical committee have decided to extend the date for submitting the > extended abstract before or on 20 August 2013 (Tuesday). Any extended > abstract that is received after 20 August 2013 (Tuesday) will not be > published in proceedings.

>

> Please note that the deadline is at midnight at Malaysian Time. >

> Thank you very much for your kind attention and cooperation. >

> >

> Sincerely, >

> The Secratariat

> International Symposium

> 2nd International Symposium on Tropical Forest Ecosystem Science and > Management: Challenges and Solutions

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12/2/2018 Gmail - Re: Acceptance letter-Rahmawaty

Re: Acceptance letter-Rahmawaty

9 messages

Rahmawaty <rahmawaty1974@gmail.com> Mon, Jun 17, 2013 at 2:14 PM

To: "zara@btu.upm.edu.my" <zara@btu.upm.edu.my>

Thank you so much for the information.. Could you Pls to send me acceptance letter?

Sent from my iPad

On 17 Jun 2013, at 09:42, zara@btu.upm.edu.my wrote:

>

> Dear Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rahmawaty, >

> Received. >

> Thank you very much. >

>

> Secratariat

> International Symposium 2013 > Bintulu Sarawak

>

>> Sent from my BlackBerry® smartphone from Sinyal Bagus XL, Nyambung >> Teruuusss...!

>>

>> ---Original Message---

>> From: Rahmawaty <rahmawaty1974@gmail.com> >> Date: Mon, 17 Jun 2013 09:10:54

>> To: seca@btu.upm.edu.my<seca@btu.upm.edu.my> >> Cc: rahmawaty<rahmawaty@usu.ac.id>

>> Subject: SAP-Rahmawaty >>

> ZAHORA BINTI ISMAIL > Pegawai Penyelidik

> Fakulti Sains Pertanian dan Makanan

> Universiti Putra Malaysia Kampus Bintulu Sarawak >

> Tel. Pejabat : 086-85470 > Email : zara@btu.upm.edu.my >

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https://mail.google.com/mail/u/1?ik=346879a4fa&view=pt&search=all&permthid=thread-f%3A1438072973229671678&simpl=msg-f%3A14380729732… 2/4 To: Rahmawaty <rahmawaty1974@gmail.com>

Cc: seca@btu.upm.edu.my, zamri@btu.upm.edu.my

Dear Assoc. Dr. Rahmawaty,

I am pleased to send you the official invitation letter. Kindly please find it on the attached file.

See you in Bintulu Sarawak & have a nice day ahead! [Quoted text hidden]

Invitation Letter- Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rahmawaty.pdf 292K

rahmawaty1974@gmail.com <rahmawaty1974@gmail.com> Mon, Jun 17, 2013 at 6:53 PM Reply-To: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com

To: zara@btu.upm.edu.my

Thank you so much and see you in bintulu serawak

Regards, Rahmawaty

Sent from my BlackBerry® smartphone from Sinyal Bagus XL, Nyambung Teruuusss...!

---Original Message---

[Quoted text hidden]

zara@btu.upm.edu.my <zara@btu.upm.edu.my> Fri, Jun 28, 2013 at 9:42 AM To: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com

Dear Assoc. Dr. Rahmawaty

We need your date of birth to proceed the air fare tickets booking.Please email to us as soon as possible.

Thank you.

> Thank you so much and see you in bintulu serawak >

> Regards, > Rahmawaty

> Sent from my BlackBerryŽ smartphone from Sinyal Bagus XL, Nyambung [Quoted text hidden]

rahmawaty1974@gmail.com <rahmawaty1974@gmail.com> Fri, Jun 28, 2013 at 10:45 AM Reply-To: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com

To: zara@btu.upm.edu.my

Fyi, my date b'day: 21 July 1974 thanks

---Original Message--- From: zara@btu.upm.edu.my

Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2013 10:42:09 To: <rahmawaty1974@gmail.com>

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Dear Assoc. Dr. Rahmawaty

We need your date of birth to proceed the air fare tickets booking.Please email to us as soon as possible.

Thank you.

> Thank you so much and see you in bintulu serawak >

> Regards, > Rahmawaty

> Sent from my BlackBerry® smartphone from Sinyal Bagus XL, Nyambung [Quoted text hidden]

Zahora Ismail <zara@btu.upm.edu.my> Fri, Jun 28, 2013 at 10:59 AM

To: "rahmawaty1974@gmail.com" <rahmawaty1974@gmail.com>

Noted and thank you very much.

Sent from my iPhone [Quoted text hidden]

rahmawaty1974@gmail.com <rahmawaty1974@gmail.com> Fri, Jun 28, 2013 at 11:12 AM Reply-To: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com

To: Zahora Ismail <zara@btu.upm.edu.my>

You r wellcome

---Original Message---

[Quoted text hidden]

zara@btu.upm.edu.my <zara@btu.upm.edu.my> Mon, Jul 1, 2013 at 10:11 AM To: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com

Cc: zara@btu.upm.edu.my, seca@btu.upm.edu.my, zamri@btu.upm.edu.my

Dear Dr. Rahmawaty,

Please find herewith attached travel itinerary for your reference and kind perusal. Have a safe trip and see you in Bintulu.

Thank you.

Zahora

3 attachments

Rahmawaty (KL-BTU-KL).pdf 469K

Rahmawaty (Medan-KL-Medan).pdf 456K

AAV-ID-2013-0328263-HHD7FB-Rahmawaty Rahmawaty-EN-1.pdf 76K

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https://mail.google.com/mail/u/1?ik=346879a4fa&view=pt&search=all&permthid=thread-f%3A1438072973229671678&simpl=msg-f%3A14380729732… 4/4 To: zara@btu.upm.edu.my

Cc: seca@btu.upm.edu.my, zamri@btu.upm.edu.my

Dear Dr Seca and Dr Zahora,

Thank you so much for the tickets..cu in bintulu

Regards, Rahmawaty

Date: Mon, 1 Jul 2013 11:11:24 To: <rahmawaty1974@gmail.com>

Cc: <zara@btu.upm.edu.my>; <seca@btu.upm.edu.my>; <zamri@btu.upm.edu.my> Subject: Re: Acceptance letter-Rahmawaty

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12/2/2018 Gmail - Fw: Extended Abstract Submission-Oral Presentation

Fw: Extended Abstract Submission-Oral Presentation

1 message

rahmawaty1974@gmail.com <rahmawaty1974@gmail.com> Thu, Aug 1, 2013 at 12:48 PM

Reply-To: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com To: abdul rauf <a_rauf_soil@yahoo.co.id>

Fyi

Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry®

Date: Thu, 1 Aug 2013 09:46:31

To: <Maryanna@frim.gov.my>; <ainuddin@forr.upm.edu.my>; <samsuddinmusa@frim.gov.my>; <norainiz@frim.gov.my>; <danial@frim.gov.my>; <farahshahanim@frim.gov.my>; <sankarankv@gmail.com>; <tingarciaensci@gmail.com>; <eyyovi@yahoo.com>; <eyyovi@ipb.ac.id>; <rahmawaty@usu.ac.id>; <rahmawaty1974@gmail.com>;

<prijantop@yahoo.com>; <hamed1705@yahoo.com>; <syaufinalailan@gmail.com>; <almulqu@yahoo.com>; <nose@chikyu.ac.jp>; <yeniwnratna@yahoo.com>; <hsuryatmojo@ugm.ac.id>; <nitami@fr.a.u-tokyo.ac.jp>; <"rahmank@frim.gov.myrtaggangan"@dost.gov.ph>; <raggangan@yahoo.com>; <nelly_aggangan@yahoo.com> Cc: <seca@btu.upm.edu.my>; <zamri@btu.upm.edu.my>

Subject: Extended Abstract Submission-Oral Presentation

Dear all,

Our technical committee have decided to extend the date for submitting the extended abstract before or on 20 August 2013 (Tuesday). Any extended abstract that is received after 20 August 2013 will not be published in proceedings.

Thank you very much for your kind attention and cooperation.

Sincerely,

The Secratariat

International Symposium

2nd International Symposium on Tropical Forest Ecosystem Science and Management:Challenges and Solutions