AN ERROR ANALYSIS IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
MADE BY THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMK
MUHAMMADIYAH 1 SURAKARTA IN 2016/2017 ACADEMIC
YEAR
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
ANA YULIANA A 320 120 190
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
TESTIMONY
I am as the researcher, signed on the statement bellow:
Name : Ana Yuliana
NIM : A320120190
Study Program : Department of English Education
Title : An Error Analysis Writing Descriptive Text Made by the Tenth Grade Student of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta in 2016/ 2017 Academic Year
Herewith, I testify that in this research paper there is no plagiarism of the previous literary works which have been raised to obtain bachelor degree of a certain university, nor there are opinions or masterpieces which have been written or published by others, expect those in which the writing are referred in the manuscript and mentioned in literary review and bibliography.
Hence later, if it is proven that there are some untrue statements in this testimony, I will be fully responsible.
Surakarta, 7 December 2016
v MOTTO
Always be thankful to be happy
DEDICATION
Proudly and lovingly, the researcher dedicates this research to:
My irreplaceable father and mother “Mr. Dalji and Mrs. Narni”
My beloved sisters “Rahayu and Sari”
My beloved brother “Sugianto”
My beloved friends “Badariyah, Eri, Fadhil, Leni, Dyah, Yani,
vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Alhamdulillai robbil ‘alamin, all praises just for Allah SWT who gave all of his grace, so the researcher can finish this research. Thank to our prophet Muhammad SAW for the guidance and bringing the human into the truth, so the writer can be the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the bachelor degree in English department. This research paper entitled An Error Analysis in Writing Descriptive Text Made by the Tenth Grade Students of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta in 2016/2017 Academic Year. the writer also appreciation to the following people:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Maully Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, as the Head of English Department on Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
3. Nur Hidayat, M.Pd as the first consultant who has been willing be her consultant during the process of writing this research paper.
4. Dr. Anam Sutopo, S.pd, M.Hum as her academic consultant.
5. Muhammad Yusuf S.Pd as the English teacher of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta who has helped the writer to carry out the researcher in the class. 6. Students of XC calss of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta who has willing to be
subject of this research.
7. Her irreplaceable father and mother, Mr. Dalji and Mrs. Narni that always give their love and always support in her life.
8. Her beloved sisters and brother, Rahayu, Sugianti, Sari who always support and give motivation to her.
10.Her best friends at English Department class E, Eri, Fadillah, Dyah, Leni, Auliya, Nanik, Tunjung that always support each other
The writer apologizes to all those who helped but could not be mention on by one. The writer hopes this research could be useful for the reader.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Surakarta, 7 December 2016 The Researcher
ix
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION. MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA.
This research is about an error analysis in writing descriptive text made by the tenth grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta in 2016/2017 academic year. The aims of this research are: (1) to know the types of error in the writing descriptive text made by the tenth grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta in their descriptive text. (2) to know the most frequent error made by the tenth grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta in their writing descriptive text. The researcher uses quantitative research, because the researcher only counts the percentage of errors from the data. To get the data, the researcher used elicitation method in her research. The subject of this research is the tenth grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta. The object of this research is the erroneous taken from
24 student’s worksheet in writing descriptive text. The types of errors that found by
researcher are lexical error, grammatical error, and discourse error. (1) the lexical error level is 75 errors or 38,5%, (2) the grammatical error is 118 errors or 60,5%, (3) the discourse error is 2 errors or 1%. The highest error is distortion with the total 38 errors or 19,5%.
RINGKASAN
ANA YULIANA. A320120190.
AN ERROR ANALYSIS IN WRITING
DESCRIPTIVE TEXT MADE BY THE TENTH GRADE
STUDENTS OF SMK MUHAMMADIYAH 1 SURAKARTA IN
2016/2017 ACADEMIC YEAR.
RESEARCH PAPER. SCHOOL OF
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION. MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA.
Penelitian ini adalah tentang analisis kesalahan dalam menulis teks deskriptif yang dibuat oleh siswa kelas X SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) menjelaskan jenis-jenis kesalahan di dalam teks deskriptif yang dibuat oleh siswa kelas X SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Suirakarta. (2) menjelaskan frekuensi kesalahan yang dibuat oleh siswa kelas X SMK Muhammadiah 1 Surakarta. Peneliti menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif, karena penelita hanya menghitung persentase kesalahan dari data . Untuk memperoleh data, peneliti menggunakan metode elisitasi di dalam penelitiannya. Objek penelitian ini jenis-jenis kesalahan yang diambil dari lembar kerja 24 siswa dalam menulis teks deskriptif. Jenis-jenis kesalah yang ditemukan oleh peneliti adalah leksikal, tata bahasa, dan tulisan. (1) tinkat kesalah leksikal adalah 75 kesalahan atau 38,5%, (2) tingkat kesalahan tata bahasa adalah 118 kesalahan atau 60,5%, (3) tingkat kesalaha tulisan adalah 2 kesalahan atau 1%. Kesalahan tertinggi adala kesalahan ejaan dengan jumlah 38 kesalahan atau 19,5%.
xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ... 1
A. Background of the Study ... 1
B. Limitation of the Study ... 3
C. Problem Statement ... 3
D. Objective of the Study ... 4
E. Significance of the Study ... 4
F. Research Paper Organization ... 4
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ... 6
A. Previous Study ... 6
B. Underlying Theory ... 10
2. The Different between Error and Mistake ... 11
3.Classification of Error ... 11
a. Linguistic Category ... 11
1) Morphological Error ... 12
2) Grammatical Error ... 12
3) Discourse Error ... 12
4) Lexical Error ... 15
b. Surface Strategy ... 17
1) Omission ... 17
d. Communicative Effect ... 19
1) Global Error ... 19
2) Local Error ... 19
4. Sources of Errors ... 19
1. Interlingual Transfer ... 19
2. Intralingual Transfer ... 20
3. Context of Learning ... 20
4. Communicative Strategy Based Errors ... 20
5. Notion of Writing ... 20
6. The Kind of Text ... 21
7. Notion of Descriptive Text ... 23
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD ... 24
xiii
D.Method of Collecting Data ... 24
E. Technique for Analyzing Data ... 25
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION ... 26
A.Research Finding ... 26
B.Discussion of Finding ... 45
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 48
A.Conclusion ... 48
B.Suggestion ... 49 BIBLIOGRAPHY
